DE1226199B - Transformer or reactor that can be dismantled into parts - Google Patents

Description

Separable transformer or reactor The present The invention relates to a transformer or inductor that can be dismantled into parts, consisting of a core composed of core legs and yokes and windings, which are arranged in one or more oil-filled containers.

It is known to arrange electrical transformers completely in a container filled with oil. Furthermore, a three-phase transformer is known in which the core and the oil boiler are composed of several parts to facilitate transport, which are only assembled at the installation site. However, this results in the following difficulty: The transformer must be checked in the factory before being transported. To carry out this test, the transformer windings must remain in the oil tank. Since the oil boiler is dismantled into several parts for transport, the oil must be drained and refilled after assembly. When the oil is drained, the transformer windings are exposed to the outside air, so that after the transformer has been assembled, it must be checked again due to the properties changed by the ingress of air. This difficulty remains even if the transport itself is carried out in such a way that the windings of the transformer are under oil .

It is also known to transport a large transformer to dismantle this into individual parts and the transformer legs with the immovable to store attached windings in an oil container. At the place of use, the legs then removed from their containers and assembled. Avoidance of air entry during assembly is only possible when using an air lock, in which the ventilation air enters through a drying device. Such airlocks are usually not available at the place of assembly, so that this possibility not applicable. Here, too, there is therefore the need to enter the air, to repeat the test.

The need to repeat the transformer test is intended to result the invention can be avoided. This is important to the extent that this is the case required test facilities mostly at the installation site of the transformer are not present at all. On the other hand, no Disadvantages arise. The invention proposes to solve this problem that at a transformer of the type described at the outset, the transformer core according to the invention is arranged outside of the winding container or containers and each of them Winding container is so tightly closed that the associated core leg can be installed and removed without draining the oil filling from the winding container.

Provided that a transformer has cylindrical high and low voltage windings Arranged concentrically, they can be enclosed in a single winding container be; However, a winding or winding arrangement in the form of a cylindrical Sleeve may be formed in the axial direction in separate parts, each of which is in a separate winding container. In the case of a multi-phase transformer (or choke coil) or in the case of other transformers or choke coils with windings on two or more cores it may be useful to have the windings on each Enclose core in different winding containers.

If the oil is to be removed during shipping to reduce the weight of the individual containers, it can be replaced by dry air or inert gas. Degassed, dry transformer oil is then refilled at the installation site.

A transformer can therefore be shipped in a large number of units, since, if necessary, each winding can be accommodated in a different winding container or also in individual parts in several winding containers; the legs and yokes of the core can be shipped as individual units, and the individual sheets could even be shipped in separate packages so that the entire assembly is not assembled on site.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the winding container a core leg is provided with an inner wall and an outer wall surrounding it, the space inside the inner wall being outside the winding container and the core extends through this space within the inner wall can.

The outer wall may surround a plurality of inner walls, namely a multi-limbed core for each leg, so that all coils are located in a single container, and the core legs can be assembled and taken challenges, without the coil container to open.

The core itself can be in a separate container or in several be arranged in separate containers. So, if necessary, instead of the or the core container, a single outer housing can be provided that the core and surrounds the individual winding containers.

The core container can expediently have a liquid cooling system which is independent of the liquid cooling system for the winding containers, and even different parts of a winding or the windings in different phases of a multi-phase winding, if they are housed in different containers, can each have their own liquid cooling system .

The thought of arranging individual windings in individual containers, which are thermally separated, leads to the further proposal that each phase is a multiphase Transformer can be independently subjected to a load test in order to achieve the to reduce the required capacity of the test system in the factory. on In this way, in the case of a three-phase transformer, the MVA power which the Test system must have to send the full load current through a phase in the event of a short circuit to be able to be reduced to a third of the performance that is required would be to send this current through all the windings in the event of a short circuit, and there the The effort of such a test system is roughly proportional to its performance considerable simplification can be achieved; larger transformers can also be used can be produced without setting up an additional test system.

, The invention thus enables the production of much larger ones Transformers than they were previously built because the same test facility is used can and the transformer due to its design in several individual parts each of which can be as large as the one used for shipping allowed maximum size.

The invention also enables the use of a simple troubleshooting device, which indicates when there is a fault in the winding or none.

Error messages are attached to the winding and core containers separate devices responding to gas development connected, as an error in the No or in the winding is always associated with the generation of gas. The source of error, be it in the core or in the winding, can be determined by observing which of the devices responded.

A common oil expansion tank is provided for all winding and core tanks, to which an oil line is then connected for each tank. In every oil line there is a device that responds to gas development.

The invention can be carried out in various ways. An embodiment having a modification will be described using the drawings below. In the drawing, F i g. 1 is a partially sectioned plan view of a three-phase power transformer according to the invention with removed cover yoke and No, F i g. 2 shows a section along line 11-II in FIG. 1 with attached yoke and core cover, FIG . 3 shows a view of a modified embodiment in which the three phase windings are in three separate containers, FIG. 4 shows a partially sectioned view of a modified embodiment of the transformer according to FIG. 1 and 2, which are intended to illustrate how the error display can be carried out in a simple manner, FIG. 5 shows an external view corresponding to FIG. 4, which illustrates the facilities for the oil circulation.

According to the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, a three-phase power transformer is wound on a heat insulating cylinder 12 j Ede winding 11, in which the core leg is located. 13 The three windings of the three phases are arranged side by side in the usual way; End steel plates 14 are inserted above and below the windings and for this purpose have three openings which are tightly fitted around the insulating cylinder 12. At each end of each insulating cylinder 12, a cylindrical steel end tube 15 with an annular flange 16 is inserted to effect a seal with the closure plates 14 by means of flexible rings 17 positioned between the outer surfaces of the end plates and the adjacent surfaces of the flanges 16 . An outer wall 18 made of steel, which has flat side walls and semi-cylindrical end walls, surrounds the three windings 11 and is sealed at their edges with the outer edges of the end plates 14. This results in a tight container which encloses all windings 11 and their insulation. Corresponding openings can be provided in this winding container for bushings, taps and the like.

In the example described is for the individual parts of the container Steel is intended as the material, but in certain cases a different one can also be used Material such as B. fiberglass sheet material can be used.

The three core legs 13 protrude on both sides over the insulating cylinder 12 and are plugged together with the yokes 19. A core cover 21 with a seal is placed on each closure plate 14 of the winding container. Both parts each form a core container.

As can be seen, the windings and the none are housed in separate containers; In particular, both core covers 21, both yokes 19 and each of the three legs 13 can be removed while the winding container 12, 14, 18 remains completely sealed. If the windings 11 were previously dried and the container was filled with oil and the windings were checked, the windings in the winding container can be shipped and reinstalled at the installation site without coming into contact with the atmosphere again. There is therefore no need to carry out any high-voltage tests again at the installation site.

Both the winding container and the core container are expediently given its own liquid cooling system.

For shipping you can take the no 13 out of the winding container 12, 14, 18 and pack it for yourself. The core can be divided into three legs and two yokes; you can even split the Kein into separate groups of leg and yoke plates, which are then stacked back together at the installation site. In those cases where the core legs are not dismantled, they will be introduced into the winding container at the installation site, and the yoke will then be nested together with them in the usual way. This results in a completely nested core.

If the winding container is too heavy to ship, the oil can be drained and replaced with dry air or an inert gas; the transformer oil can then be refilled on site.

Usually it will be necessary to have a single leg in each surrounding metal part a (not shown) strip made of a non-conductive Provide material to prevent a short-circuit turn from forming.

In the case of the in FIG. 3 embodiment shown, the windings of each core leg 13 arranged in 11 separate cylindrical Wicklungsbehältem 23, which have the Isollerzylinder 12 is surrounded on a respective leg 13 and at their ends special end plates 24th The three winding containers 12, 23, 24 can be enclosed together with the core 13, 19 in a single outer housing 25. Here too the winding container 12 are brought 23, 24 after testing and removal from the core leg 13 for shipment, but in this case the winding container each contain only one winding phase. So you can send a larger transformer in separate packages of the same size. If an outer housing 25 is provided, this can be dismantled into individual panels for shipping.

In this embodiment, separate cooling systems 26, 26 a, 26 b can be provided for each of the winding containers 12, 23, 24, as well as for the core container formed by the outer housing 25 and the winding container 23.

If even larger transformers have to be shipped, each winding can be built up on each core leg 13 in the form of several axially separated sections, each section having its own container.

In the case of larger transformers, the capacity of the test system must also can be enlarged in the factory in order to be able to carry out the test under load. Since the effort increases with the performance, it will be preferred to do it individually Check windings separately. This can be done when using the individual phases the mentioned own cooling system are thermally separated. In the case of a three-phase Transformer, the capacity of the test system can be a third of the capacity that would be required if all three windings were tested together under load would.

The arrangement advantageously also enables simple troubleshooting when the cooling arrangement according to FIG . 4 and 5 is used. In the case of the end plates 14 subdivide the housing into a winding container 12, 14, 18 and a core container 12, 14, 21.

The core container consists of the upper and lower chambers within the upper and lower core lids 21, which are sealed with the plates 14 at 20, and of the connecting spaces within the cylinders 12. The core legs 13 are located within the cylinders 12 and the yokes 19 inside the core cover 21.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the oil is fed separately from a feed line 28 via two controllable filling valves 29 and 31 to the winding and core containers. Accordingly, the circulating oil is discharged via a suction line 32 which is connected to the top of the two containers via two suction valves 33, 34. The envelopes are also provided with filters and drain valves 37 at their lower and upper points.

Like F i g. 4 shows, an oil expansion vessel 41 is connected separately to the top of the winding and core containers via lines 42 and 43, each of which contains a relay 44 or 45 responsive to gas evolution.

As is known, an error that occurs is associated with the generation of gas in the oil used as a coolant. This gas can be used to operate a corresponding relay. Since the oil for core cooling is separate from the oil for winding cooling, faults in the core can be distinguished from winding faults, depending on whether the relay 44 or the relay 45 indicates the occurrence of gas pressure.

The same oil conservator and one that responds to gas development Relay devices are provided at both ends of the transformer tank, in case the foundation of the transformer is not level.

Finally, exhaust ducts 47 can be provided at each end of the housing which are used to relieve pressure in the event of internal explosions. Because such Explosions can only occur in the winding container are the relief ducts connected near the top of this wrapper.

The core cover 21 can be removed, the core can be dismantled and expanded and leaving the windings in the sealed winding containers, e.g. B. for the Dispatch after testing has been carried out.

Claims (2)

Claims: 1. In parts separable transformer or choke coil, consisting of an off No limbs and yokes composed No and windings or more oil-filled containers in a are arranged, d a d u rch in that the No (13, 19) outside the winding container (s) (12, 14, 18 or 12, 23, 24) is arranged and the individual winding container is so tightly closed that the associated core limb (13) can be installed and removed from the winding container without draining the oil. 2. Transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the none (13, 19) is arranged in its own closed core container (12, 14, 21 or 12, 23, 24, 25) . 3. Transformer according to claim 1 or 2 with cylindrical, concentrically arranged high-voltage and low-voltage windings, characterized in that the windings (11) are enclosed in a single container (12, 14, 18 or 12, 23, 24), the one Has space for a core leg (13) within the inner wall of the container formed by the insulating material cylinder (12). # 4. Transformer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the winding (11) is designed in the form of a thick-walled cylindrical sleeve with axially separated sections, each section of which is housed in a separate container. 5. transformer eichnet according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, terized in that the windings (11) are arranged on more than one core limb (13) and that the windings (11) on each Kemschenkel (13) each in a container (12, 23, 24) are housed. 6. Transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that the winding container (12, 142 18) consists of an outer wall (18) and a plurality of cylindrical inner walls (12) for each one limb (13) of a multi-limbed core. 7. Transformer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by independent liquid cooling systems (26, 27) for each winding container (12, 14, 18 or 12, 23, 24) and the core container (12, 14, 21 or 12, 23, 24, 25). 8. Transformer according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the windings on the one hand and the none on the other hand are housed in separate containers intended to hold oil and sealed against each other, characterized by separate devices (44, 45) for display which respond to gas evolution the gas pressure in the containers concerned. 9. Transformer according to claim 8, characterized by a common oil conservator (41) for the winding and core barrel and one each oil line (42, 43) which leads from each tank to the oil conservator (41) and means responsive to gas generation device (44 , 45) contains. Considered publications: German Patent Nos. 519 020, 593 718, 676 837; Swiss Patent No. 165 255; French patents nos. 1226 257, 1265347.