DE102019112190A1 - Locking device of a safety bar, passenger reception and amusement ride with such a locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a locking device (1) of a safety bar (8), having a fluid channel (10) with a magnetorheological fluid (11), a movable locking member (40), and a magnetic device (30), the locking member (40) with is coupled to the safety bar (8) and when the safety bar (8) moves, the liquid (11) is forced through the liquid channel (10), the liquid channel (10) having at least one channel section (20), and the magnetic device (30) is arranged at least on opposite side walls (21) of the channel section (20) in such a way that the field lines (31) of the magnetic field of the magnetic device (30) can cross the channel section (20). The present invention also relates to a passenger accommodation with a safety bar (8) and a locking device (1) and a ride with a locking device (1) according to the invention.

Description

The present invention relates to a locking device of a safety bar with a fluid channel with a magnetorheological fluid and a locking member with the features of claim 1, a passenger receptacle with the features of claim 17 and an amusement ride with the features of claim 18.

Safety bars with locking devices are known from the prior art in various configurations. Such amusement rides are, for example, roller coasters in which the passengers are exposed to strong accelerations. While traveling on an amusement ride, the passenger is held in his passenger compartment by a safety bar, the safety bar being locked in place via a locking system. According to the DIN EN 13814 standard, a corresponding locking system is prescribed depending on the acceleration acting on the passenger.

To get in and out of the passenger compartment, the safety bars are typically pivoted about an axis of rotation by adjusting units. In contrast, the safety bar is locked while driving by means of a mechanical lock such that it remains in the closed position even if the actuating unit fails.

The disadvantage of the prior art is that the known mechanical locks are subject to heavy wear and tear due to constant use and stress and are therefore maintenance-intensive. Mechanical locks are also associated with additional weight, which means that greater energy expenditure is required for acceleration due to the higher vehicle weights.

Hydraulic locking devices or actuating units with a conventional hydraulic valve disadvantageously branch a valve leak at high pressure differences, whereby the locking or actuating force of the locking devices or actuating units is reduced and there is an increased need for maintenance.

This is where the present invention begins.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to propose an improved locking device of a safety bar which expediently improves the locking devices known from the prior art and on the one hand is fail-safe and on the other hand is not susceptible to leakage and wear.

These objects are achieved according to the invention by a locking device of a safety bar with the features of claim 1, a passenger accommodation with a locking device according to claim 17 and by an amusement ride with the features of claim 18.

Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are specified in the subclaims.

The locking device of a safety bar with the features of claim 1 has a fluid channel with a magnetorheological fluid, a movable locking member and a magnetic device, the locking member forcing the fluid through the fluid channel when it moves.

The locking member is therefore in a kinematic operative connection with the magnetorheological fluid and is thus hydraulically coupled to the magnetorheological fluid and can transmit a movement or pivoting movement of the safety bar to the magnetorheological fluid in the fluid channel. In addition, the liquid channel has at least one channel section, the magnetic device being arranged at least on two opposite side walls of the channel section in such a way that the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field of the magnetic device can cross the channel section. The magnetic field lines of the magnetic field of the magnetic device preferably traverse the channel section transversely to a direction of flow, with the field lines being specifically inclined or curved to the direction of flow in the direction of flow, on the one hand naturally due to the curvature of the field lines and in the form of a preferred development - as will be explained in detail later Channel section can be aligned. The magnetorheological fluid is polarized in the magnetic field of the magnetic device, as a result of which the particles of the magnetorheological fluid are aligned or polarized in the magnetic field of the magnetic device along the field lines - that is, transversely to the direction of flow. As a result, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid in the channel section is preferably increased up to a pressure-resistant solidification and the fluid channel and thus the safety bar is blocked or a movement of the safety bar is strongly damped.

Here and in the following, a liquid channel is understood to mean an open or closed system which forcibly guides the liquid - with as little leakage as possible. The liquid channel can preferably form a closed circuit, that is to say a liquid circuit, or it can form a system at least one first end and at least one second end, with at least one connection between the at least one first end and the at least one second end through which the fluid can flow from the at least one first end to the at least one second end.

A development of the invention provides that the magnetic device has a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state the magnetic field lines traverse the channel section and wherein in the second state the field lines are deflected or deflected by the channel section or in the Channel section are weakened. The second state thus corresponds to the state in which the magnetic field of the magnetic device in the channel section is weakened or minimized, as a result of which the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid remains essentially unchanged and the magnetorheological fluid flows through the channel section through the magnetic device in the direction of flow approximately undisturbed. can flow through. The safety bar is released in the second state and can be moved or pivoted.

Another advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides that the magnetic device surrounds the channel section at least in sections. It is particularly preferred if the channel section has a circular cross section, so that the magnetic device is arranged in a rotationally symmetrical, in particular completely rotationally symmetrical, manner around the channel section. In particular, it is preferred if the magnet device can be subdivided in circumference into at least two areas, wherein the first area can form a north pole and the second area can form a south pole. Accordingly, the magnetic flux flows along the field lines from the north pole to the south pole and in the process crosses the channel section of the liquid channel.

Another advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides that the magnet device can be switched or actuated mechanically and / or electrically. The magnetic field of the magnetic device can be weakened mechanically, for example by deflecting the magnetic flux by means of flux-guiding components and / or weakened by the mechanical introduction of a hard magnetic object. A switchable electromagnet can also be provided which either generates the magnetic field of the magnetic device and / or weakens the magnetic field of the magnetic device.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the magnetic device has at least one permanent magnet and / or at least one electromagnet. The magnetic device can preferably be formed from a plurality of permanent magnets, in particular neodymium magnets, which can be arranged simply and inexpensively on the at least two opposite side walls of the channel section of the liquid channel.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the channel section has at least one throttle, through which the channel section of the liquid channel has a locally reduced cross section. It is particularly preferred if the cross section through the throttle is at most 1/2, more preferably 1/4, even more preferably 1/8, also more preferably 1/16 and even more preferably not more than 1/32 of the cross-sectional area of the channel section beyond the Throttle is. By locally reducing the cross-section through which the flow passes in the throttle, the polarized particles of the magnetorheological fluid can "clog" the channel section and block it against high pressures.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the at least one throttle can have a cascade, a backdrop, a perforated plate, a honeycomb, sieve and / or lattice structure. In particular, it is preferred if the throttle has a cascade through which, on the one hand, the cross section through which the flow is passed is considerably reduced and, on the other hand, the effective length of the channel section is lengthened in the flow direction due to deflections. The cascade can have any shape, for example a zigzag shape or a meandering shape. The cascade increases the blocking effect of the polarized particles of the magnetorheological fluid and the fluid channel can be effectively blocked against high pressure forces.

The cascade or backdrop can furthermore preferably be formed from a plurality of deflection profiles which can alternately protrude from the at least two opposite side walls into the channel section. The deflection plates can be made of a magnetizable or non-magnetizable material, the deflection plates being particularly preferably made of a magnetizable material, whereby the field lines are aligned particularly effectively between the at least two opposite side walls.

A perforated plate, a honeycomb, sieve or grid structure divides the channel section into a large number of individual channels, which are particularly good can be blocked by the polarized particles of the magnetorheological fluid. The perforated plate, the honeycomb, sieve and / or grid structures can also be made from a magnetizable or non-magnetizable material, in which case it is particularly preferred if the above-mentioned structures are made from a non-magnetizable material, preferably a light metal , are made.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided if the channel section has a conical section in the form of a diffuser or a nozzle. While a diffuser leads to a delay in the flow in the channel section, the nozzle accelerates the flow in the channel section. A channel section designed as a diffuser corresponds in the present case to an expansion of the cross section through which the flow passes, and the nozzle corresponds to a tapering of the cross section through which the flow passes transversely to the direction of flow. The field lines of the magnetic device can be aligned as exactly as possible perpendicular to the flow direction in the diffuser or in the nozzle. With a deceleration in the diffuser, the static pressure increases, while in the nozzle the static pressure decreases due to an acceleration. A one-way or check valve can be implemented through the diffuser or through the nozzle, whereby the channel section - in the presence of the magnetic field is blocked in a first flow direction and allows flow in a second flow direction. The first flow direction corresponds to the flow direction which points in the direction of the tapering of the cone section.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if a conical section in the form of a diffuser and / or in the form of a nozzle is arranged upstream and / or downstream of the channel section. The nozzle and / or the diffuser can particularly preferably reduce the cross section in the liquid channel before it enters the channel section, as a result of which the cross section through which the flow passes is small. The solidifications in the channel cross-section generated by the magnetic field can also block the liquid channel against large pressure differences.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the locking member comprises a piston, the piston preferably being designed to carry out a linear movement. The piston can be coupled or connected to the safety bar by means of a piston rod. It is also preferred if the liquid channel has a cylindrical pressure space in which the piston is arranged. The piston has a first pressure side and a second pressure side and divides the pressure chamber of the cylinder into two areas, namely a first area and a second area, one of the areas forming a pressure side and the other area forming a suction side depending on the load on the piston . The first area and the second area of the pressure chamber of the cylinder are separated, preferably without leaks, by means of a piston seal. The first area and the second area are connected to one another by means of the liquid channel, so that the magnetorheological liquid enclosed in the pressure chamber can flow through the liquid channel from the first area, the pressure side, into the second area, the suction side, when the locking member moves.

A conventional hydraulic valve can also be arranged in the fluid channel. The valve can also secure the fluid channel and mechanically block the connection between the two pressure sides of the piston. Furthermore, the channel section can be arranged in relation to the hydraulic valve in the fluid channel in such a way that the pressure in the channel section is reduced to such an extent that the pressurization of the hydraulic valve is reduced even at extremely high pressures and leakages are prevented.

In addition, it has proven to be advantageous if the liquid channel is a circular channel, the circular channel being arranged between a circular, preferably circular-cylindrical inner shaft, which forms the first side wall, and a circular, preferably hollow-cylindrical outer shaft, which forms the opposite, second side wall. The inner shaft, the outer shaft and the circular channel can be arranged coaxially to a longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the magnetic device can be arranged in such a way that the field lines run essentially radially and cross the circular channel. The inner shaft preferably forms the locking member and can be rotated relative to the outer shaft about the longitudinal axis. When the locking member or the safety bar moves, the movement is transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid in the circular channel or through the fluid channel and the magnetorheological fluid is forced into a flow movement.

It has proven to be advantageous if at least one rolling element is arranged in the liquid channel. The rolling element is in operative contact both with the inner shaft and with the outer shaft and is forced into a rolling movement when the inner shaft rotates relative to the outer shaft. It is particularly preferred if the liquid channel is designed as a circular channel with a constant width, whereby a type of roller bearing is formed. The field lines of the magnetic field of the magnetic device polarize the particles of the magnetorheological fluid and preferably align them radially in the circular channel. Due to a wedge effect, the polarized particles lock one Rolling motion of the rolling elements and rotation of the locking member is blocked. When the magnetic flux or the field lines in the circular channel are deflected or weakened, the rolling bodies or the actuator designed as an inner shaft are released and the inner shaft can be rotated relative to the outer shaft.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the inner shaft is mounted eccentrically within the outer shaft, as a result of which the circular channel does not have a constant channel cross section over the circumference. The inner shaft forms the locking member and is arranged like an eccentric disk pump inside the outer shaft and forms a constriction at a circumferential position, which is moved around the longitudinal axis of the inner shaft together with a rotation of the inner shaft to displace the magnetorheological fluid. The polarized particles of the magnetorheological fluid form chain-like structures along the field lines of the magnetic field of the magnetic device, which block the relative position between the inner shaft and the outer shaft through the wedge effect of the constriction and thus block the safety bar.

A further advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides that the liquid channel has a conveying means through which the magnetorheological liquid in the liquid channel can be pressurized or can flow through the liquid channel. The conveying means is preferably a pump which is set up to set and maintain the pressure in the liquid channel and, if necessary, to set a flow through the liquid channel in order to deliver the movable blocking member.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the liquid channel has at least one pressure equalization device by means of which the pressure in the liquid channel is maintained and pressure fluctuations, for example due to volume changes or temperature fluctuations, can be compensated. It is particularly advantageous if the pressure compensation device has a compensation reservoir connected to the fluid channel, in which the magnetorheological fluid is proportionately stored and a pressure medium. The pressure medium can preferably be a compressible gas, in particular nitrogen or a nitrogen mixture. This ensures that an essentially constant pressure is always maintained in the liquid channel under different ambient conditions.

The pressure equalization device can further preferably be an energy store. When the safety bar is closed, the energy storage device is charged due to the different volumes in the first area and in the second area of the pressure chamber - due to the piston rod in the second area. Accordingly, when the safety bar is closed, the pressure in the magnetorheological fluid rises and this stored energy can be used in the second state of the magnetic device to open the safety bar.

The magnetorheological fluid preferably contains polarizable particles, in particular carbonyl iron powder, and a suspension, in particular a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, ethylene glycol or water, the above listing of the ingredients of the magnetorheological fluid not being exhaustive. Rather, all polarizable particles and all suspensions can be used. The combinations mentioned above merely represent an exemplary and preferred combination.

• 1 eine Fahrgastaufnahme eines Vergnügungsfahrgeschäfts mit einem Sicherheitsbügel, wobei der Sicherheitsbügel durch eine erfindungsgemäße Sperrvorrichtung gesperrt werden kann,
• 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Sperrvorrichtung eines Sicherheitsbügels gemäß 1, aufweisend einen Flüssigkeitskanal mit einer magnetorheologischen Flüssigkeit, einem als Kolben ausgebildeten beweglichen Sperrglied und mit einer Magneteinrichtung, wobei die Magneteinrichtung zumindest um einen Kanalabschnitt des Flüssigkeitskanals angeordnet ist und wobei die Feldlinien der Magneteinrichtung den Kanalabschnitt derart durchqueren, dass die magnetorheologische Flüssigkeit in dem Kanalabschnitt zum Versperren des Kanalabschnitts quer zur Fließrichtung polarisiert werden kann,
• 3 eine Weiterbildung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 1 oder 2, wobei eine Druckausgleichseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, durch welche der Druck in dem Flüssigkeitskanal konstant gehalten werden kann,
• 4 eine zweite Weiterbildung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 1 oder 2,
• 5 eine dritte Weiterbildung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 1 oder 2,
• 6 eine vierte Weiterbildung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 1 oder 2,
• 7 eine fünfte Weiterbildung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 1 oder 2,
• 8 eine sechste Weiterbildung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 1 oder 2,
• 9 eine Fahrgastaufnahme des Vergnügungsfahrgeschäfts mit einem Sicherheitsbügel und einer Sperrvorrichtung gemäß eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels, wobei der Flüssigkeitskanal als Zirkularkanal zwischen einer Innenwelle und einer Außenwelle angeordnet ist,
• 10 eine Detaildarstellung der Sperrvorrichtung gemäß 9, wobei die Innenwelle exzentrisch zu der Außenwelle angeordnet ist,
• 11a eine erste Weiterbildung des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 9 oder 10,
• 11b eine Detaildarstellung gemäß 11a,
• 12a eine zweite Weiterbildung des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß 9 oder 10,
• 12b eine Detaildarstellung gemäß 12a,
• 13a eine vergrößerte und stark vereinfachte schematische Darstellung einer Ausgestaltung des Kanalabschnitts mit der Magneteinrichtung,
• 13b eine schematische Schnittdarstellung des Kanalabschnitts entlang der Schnittlinie X-X gemäß 13a,
• 14 eine vergrößerte und stark vereinfachte schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausgestaltung des Kanalabschnitts mit der Magneteinrichtung,
• 15 eine vergrößerte und stark vereinfachte schematische Darstellung einer dritten Ausgestaltung des Kanalabschnitts mit der Magneteinrichtung, wobei der Kanalabschnitt einen Kegelabschnitt aufweist und nach Art eines Rückschlagventils ausgebildet ist,
• 16 eine vergrößerte und stark vereinfachte schematische Darstellung einer vierte Ausgestaltung des Kanalabschnitts mit der Magneteinrichtung, und
• 17 eine vergrößerte und stark vereinfachte schematische Darstellung des Kanalabschnitt gemäß 13a, wobei in zusätzliches Hydraulikventil vorgesehen ist.

Two exemplary embodiments of a locking device according to the invention and further developments thereof are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 a passenger seat of an amusement ride with a safety bar, wherein the safety bar can be locked by a locking device according to the invention,
• 2 an enlarged view of the locking device of a safety bar according to 1 , having a fluid channel with a magnetorheological fluid, a movable locking member designed as a piston and with a magnetic device, wherein the magnetic device is arranged at least around a channel section of the fluid channel and wherein the field lines of the magnetic device traverse the channel section in such a way that the magnetorheological fluid in the channel section to Blocking the channel section can be polarized transversely to the direction of flow,
• 3 a development of the first embodiment according to 1 or 2 , whereby a pressure equalization device is provided through which the pressure in the liquid channel can be kept constant,
• 4th a second development of the first embodiment according to 1 or 2 ,
• 5 a third development of the first embodiment according to 1 or 2 ,
• 6th a fourth development of the first embodiment according to 1 or 2 ,
• 7th a fifth development of the first embodiment according to 1 or 2 ,
• 8th a sixth development of the first embodiment according to 1 or 2 ,
• 9 a passenger receptacle of the amusement ride with a safety bar and a locking device according to a second exemplary embodiment, the liquid channel being arranged as a circular channel between an inner shaft and an outer shaft,
• 10 a detailed representation of the locking device according to 9 , wherein the inner shaft is arranged eccentrically to the outer shaft,
• 11a a first development of the second embodiment according to 9 or 10 ,
• 11b a detailed representation according to 11a ,
• 12a a second development of the second embodiment according to 9 or 10 ,
• 12b a detailed representation according to 12a ,
• 13a an enlarged and greatly simplified schematic representation of an embodiment of the channel section with the magnetic device,
• 13b a schematic sectional view of the channel section along the section line XX according to FIG 13a ,
• 14th an enlarged and greatly simplified schematic representation of a second embodiment of the channel section with the magnetic device,
• 15th an enlarged and greatly simplified schematic representation of a third embodiment of the channel section with the magnetic device, the channel section having a cone section and being designed in the manner of a check valve,
• 16 an enlarged and greatly simplified schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of the channel section with the magnet device, and
• 17th an enlarged and greatly simplified schematic representation of the channel section according to FIG 13a , with an additional hydraulic valve being provided.

Identical or functionally identical components are identified below with the same reference symbols. The same features of the individual exemplary embodiments and their developments can be combined with one another and are not limited to the respective exemplary embodiment.

1 is a passenger recording 3 of an amusement ride only partially shown 2 to be taken, having a seat recording 4th , a seat cushion 5 , a back pad 6th and a safety bar 8th , which can be pivoted or rotated about an axis of rotation on the seat receptacle 4th is held arranged. The safety bar 8th can be moved from an open position (not shown) to a closed position to accommodate a passenger (not shown) while riding the amusement ride 2 safe in passenger reception 3 to keep. The safety bar 8th can be moved from the open position to the closed position and vice versa manually or by means of appropriate actuating units and can also have a locking system as a primary safety device, whereby the safety bar 8th is held in the closed position while driving.
In the event that the actuating units or the primary fuse of the safety bar 8th fails is a locking device 1 intended as a secondary safety device through which the safety bar 8th is held in the closed position. Alternatively, the locking device 1 the primary securing of the safety bar 8th form.

2 shows an enlarged view of the locking device according to the invention 1 a safety bar 8th according to 1 , having a liquid channel 10 with a channel section 20th , a magnetic device 30th and a movable locking member 40 , the locking member 40 one end with the safety bar 8th is coupled and a movement of the safety bar 8th on one located in the fluid channel 10 located magnetorheological fluid 11 transmits.

The fluid channel 10 is with the magnetorheological fluid 11 filled with the magnetorheological fluid 11 contains at least two components, namely a suspension and polarizable particles. The suspension can preferably be a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, ethylene glycol or water, it being possible to use all suspensions which are not chemically compatible with the polarizable particles and those for the barrier device 1 materials used react. The polarizable particles can be carbonyl iron powder or the like. include. The magnetorheological fluid can also contain stabilizers.

The fluid channel 10 is in the illustrated embodiment a closed fluid circuit and comprises a cylinder 15th in which that as a piston 42 trained locking member 40 is arranged. The cylinder 15th surrounds a pressure space 14th and the piston 42 divides the pressure space 14th of the cylinder 15th in a first area 16 and a second area 17th . Depending on the Load on the pressure chamber 14th forms one of the areas 16 , 17th the print side and the other area 16 , 17th the suction side. The first area 16 and the second area 17th communicate by means of a line 12 of the liquid channel 10 with each other and the magnetorheological fluid 11 can through the line 12 from the pressure side to the suction side - as in 13a to 17th is shown - in a first flow direction A. flow and in a second flow direction B. flow back again.

The locking member 40 is in the cylinder 15th held linearly movable and with the in the liquid channel 10 enclosed magnetorheological fluid 11 coupled. A movement of the safety bar 8th is through the locking member 40 or through the piston 42 on the magnetorheological fluid 11 transferred, causing this from the pressure side of the piston 42 through the fluid channel 10 or through the line 12 in one of the flow directions A. , B. to the piston 42 is displaced.

The piston 42 can be a seal 44 have, which have a running gap 43 between the piston 42 and a wall of the cylinder 15th seals. By means of a piston rod 45 is the piston 42 with the safety bar 8th , please refer 1 , the passenger reception 3 connected, the piston rod 45 preferably coaxially in the cylinder 15th is arranged and at a free end through an opening of the cylinder 15th from the cylinder 15th is led out. The opening of the cylinder 15th can also be sealed with a seal to prevent leakage.

It also includes the fluid channel 10 a pressure equalization device 19th through which the pressure in the fluid channel 10 can be kept approximately constant.

The pressure equalization device 19th can have a memory in which a pressure medium and the magnetorheological fluid 11 are in stock. The pressure medium pressurizes the magnetorheological fluid 11 and for this purpose it can be a compressible medium, in particular a gas, even more preferably nitrogen or a nitrogen mixture. Different volumes from pressure side to suction side in the cylinder 15th and also different volumes due to fluctuations in the ambient conditions, in particular the temperature, can be achieved by the pressure compensation device 19th be compensated. The pressure equalization device 19th can also be used as an energy store, which stores energy in the form of pressure in the manner of a spring store and releases it again when required.

In the present case, when closing the safety bar 8th the magnetorheological fluid 11 from the second area 17th in the first area 16 of the pressure room 14th be displaced. Because of being in the first area 16 located piston rod 45 of the piston 42 there is a reduction in the in the liquid channel 11 trapped volume and the pressure is increased. It becomes the magnetorheological fluid 11 into the pressure equalization device 19th urged and the pressure medium, such as the compressible gas, biased. This bias can be used to open the safety bar 8th used, which the passenger after the ride on the amusement ride 2 to swing open the safety bar 8th need to apply less force.

The canal section 20th is in the in 2 illustrated embodiment in the line 12 between the first area 16 and the second area 17th of the pressure room 14th arranged and can, as in the 13a to 17th is shown by way of example, be configured. It is essential that the magnetic device 30th on at least two opposite side walls 21st , 22nd of the channel section 20th is arranged such that the field lines 31 the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th can traverse. For better understanding, in 13b the field lines 31 idealized in the form of arrow lines.

The magnet device has a first state and a second state. In the first state of the magnetic device 30th cross the magnetic field lines 31 of the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th and polarize the particles of the magnetorheological fluid 11 in order to make this approximately perpendicular to the flow directions A. , B. in the channel section 20th align.

The polarized particles of the magnetorheological fluid 11 form due to the reluctance force, also called Maxwell's force, chain-like solidifications, which along the magnetic field lines 31 run away. The solidifications lead to an increased viscosity up to the formation of rigid or pressure-resistant solidifications, whereby the channel section 20th locked in the first state and the movable locking member 40 or the piston 42 is fixed in its position. The blockage of the canal section 20th can be pressure-resistant and block against pressures of more than 10bar, 25bar, 50bar, 100bar, 200bar or more.

In the second state of the magnetic device 30th the magnetic flux of the magnetic field is either deflected in such a way that it does not or only weakens the channel section 20th crosses. This can be done, for example, by a deflection around the channel section 20th done by means of a soft magnetic conductor. Alternatively can the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th by a second magnet unit 32 - please refer 13b - be weakened. This can be done in that the magnetic fields of the magnetic device 30th and the second magnet unit 32 at least in the area of the channel section 20th cancel or weaken each other. In this second state, the magnetorheological fluid 11 the channel section 20th flow through unhindered and the safety bar 8th can be opened. In this state, a passenger can access the passenger accommodation 3 Take a seat or after a ride on the amusement ride 2 get out.

The magnetic device 30th can preferably have at least one permanent magnet 35 have, with neodymium magnets being particularly preferred. It is further preferred that the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th completely surrounds. The magnetic device 30th can with a circularly symmetrical cross section of the channel section 20th be designed as a ring magnet with a diametrical magnetization. Due to the permanent magnetic magnet device 30th can the locking device 1 be designed in analogy to a valve “normally closed”, which ensures that in an unactuated first state the channel section 20th is locked and the safety bar 8th cannot be resolved.

To operate the magnetic device 30th can use the second magnet unit 32 be provided. The second magnet unit 32 can be adjacent to the magnetic device 30th be arranged and at least one permanent magnet 35 and / or electromagnet 36 exhibit.

According to an embodiment not shown, at least one permanent magnet of the second magnet unit 32 the magnetic field of the magnetic device as a function of its position 30th weaken or cancel. To operate or switch the magnetic device 30th The polarity of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic device can be changed from the first state to the second state 30th changed or vice versa.

The at least one electromagnet 36 the second magnet unit 32 can according to 13b generate a magnetic field when energized, which is the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th in the channel section 20th cancels or weakens. The magnetic field in the duct section 20th can be canceled or weakened to the extent that the magnetorheological fluid 11 the channel section 20th can flow freely.

A further development of the locking device 1 is in 3 shown. In contrast to the in 2 The embodiment shown is the pressure compensation device 19th not on the line 12 between the first area 16 and the second area 17th of the pressure room 14th of the cylinder 15th arranged, but in the pressure chamber 14th of the cylinder 15th integrated.

The pressure equalization device 19th includes a balance piston which is also movable in the cylinder 15th , preferably in the first area 16 , is arranged and the pressure chamber 14th of the cylinder 15th divided into a further third area. The compensating piston can have a seal through which a running gap between the compensating piston and the cylinder 15th is sealed. A memory is thus at a free end in the third area of the cylinder 15th formed in which the pressure medium can be included.

The training according to 4th differs from the versions presented above in that there is no pressure compensation device 19th is provided and that the piston 42 on the first printed page 46 and the second print side 47 a piston rod 45 having which through the first area 16 and the second area 17th through the free ends of the cylinder 15th through an opening in each cylinder 15th can be led out.

5 shows a development of the locking device 1 with a particularly compact structure, the liquid channel 10 in the cylinder 15th or the locking member 40 is integrated.

The canal section 20th is in the flask 42 or in the gap between the piston 42 and the cylinder 15th integrated. Furthermore, the magnetic device 30th like that on the cylinder 15th facing outer circumferential surface of the piston 42 arranged that the field lines of the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th the running gap 43 traverse and the particles of magnetorheological fluid 11 across the passage through the gap 43 channel section formed 20th be polarized. In the first state of the magnetic device 30th becomes the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 11 increased in the running gap such that it is solidified in the running gap and blocks it. That as a piston 42 trained locking member 40 is thereby established and the safety bar 8th the passenger reception 3 is locked.

Analogous to the embodiment according to 5 is in 6th the fluid channel 10 also in the cylinder 15th integrated. The running gap 43 between the pistons 42 and the cylinder 15th can be sealed by means of a seal. The canal section 20th is inside the piston 42 arranged, and connects the first area 16 and the second area 17th of the cylinder 15th . This is done in the piston 42 at least one, preferably several lines 12 between the the cylinder 15th facing outer circumferential surface of the piston 42 and the piston rod 45 arranged, the channel section 20th in the respective line 12 in the manner of a through opening within the piston 42 is arranged or formed.

On at least two opposite side walls 21st , 22nd of the channel section 20th is the magnetic device 30th arranged, which is designed such that the field lines 31 the magnetic flux of the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th , preferably across the direction of flow.

Another development of the present locking device 1 can 7th can be removed. The locking device 1 includes a cylinder 15th with one in the cylinder 15th arranged piston 42 , which, in contrast to the previously explained embodiments, does not have a piston rod 45 has, but a toothing 48 , which between the first print page 46 and the second print side 47 on the outer surface of the piston 42 is trained.

The running gap 43 of the piston 42 is in the area of the first printed page 46 and the second print side 47 , preferably by means of a seal, sealed and the cylinder 15th or the cylinder housing has a recess through which a gear 49 through the cylinder housing into the cylinder 15th protrudes and into the toothing 48 intervenes. The gear 49 is rotatably mounted and the operative connection between the gear 49 and the gearing 48 transmits a rotary motion of the gear 49 into a linear movement of the piston 42 .

The piston 42 divides the cylinder 15th in the two areas 16 , 17th which of the first print side 46 and the second print side 47 are assigned, the two areas 16 , 17th by means of the line 12 connected and on the line 12 the canal section 20th with the magnet device 30th is arranged.

The gear 49 can with the rotation axis of the safety bar 8th be coupled, causing a rotary movement of the safety bar 8th on the piston 42 is transmitted. When the field lines 31 the magnetic flux of the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th traverse becomes the canal section 20th locked and the magnetorheological fluid 11 can't get out of the first area 16 of the cylinder 15th in the second area 17th and flow vice versa, thereby changing the position of the piston 42 or the position of the safety bar 8th is locked and the safety bar 8th is held in position.

8th shows a combination of the exemplary embodiments according to 6th and 7th , being in the flask 42 according to 6th The administration 12 with the channel section 20th is so incorporated that the line 12 the first print page 46 with the second print side 47 of the piston 42 connects. The fluid channel 10 is therefore completely in the cylinder 15th integrated, making the locking device 1 is designed to be particularly compact and robust.

In 9 is a passenger recording 3 with a locking device 1 shown according to a second embodiment. The passenger reception 3 instructs the seat recording 4th with the seat pad 5 and the back pad 6th and the safety bar 8th on the one in front of the seat cushion 5 is arranged and set up to provide a passenger while driving the amusement ride 2 safe in passenger reception 3 to keep. The safety bar 8th can be rotated or pivoted on a bracket in the axis of rotation 7th arranged.

A detailed view of the locking device 1 according to 9 is in 10 shown, the fluid channel 10 as a circular channel 50 is trained. The circular canal 50 forms the channel section 20th between an inner shaft 51 and an outside shaft 52 off, the opposite side walls 21st of the channel section 20th through the inner shaft 51 and the outer shaft 52 are formed. The outer shaft 52 can through a hollow shaft or cylindrical recess in the bracket 7th be trained.

The inner shaft 51 forms the locking member 40 and is eccentric to the outer shaft 52 arranged, creating the circular canal 50 over the circumference around the longitudinal axis L. has a variable width. The canal section 20th of the liquid channel 10 points due to the eccentric mounting of the inner shaft 51 a bottleneck 55 on when the inner shaft rotates 51 is also relocated.

The circular canal 50 is with the magnetorheological fluid 11 filled and the magnetic device 30th is around the fluid channel 10 arranged such that the field lines 31 the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th or the circular canal 50 traverse. The particles in the magnetorheological fluid 11 In the presence of the magnetic field lines, they form chain-like solidifications along the magnetic field lines, which preferably run essentially radially. The solidifications block in the magnetic field of the magnetic device in a wedge shape in the area of the constriction 55 rotation of the inner shaft 51 causing a rotation between the Inner shaft 51 and the outer shaft 52 is prevented. The inner shaft 51 can be done directly or indirectly with the safety bar 8th be coupled.

A further development of the embodiment of the locking device 1 according to the 9 and 10 is in the 11a and 11b shown. The inner shaft 51 and the outer shaft 52 are in the longitudinal axis L. arranged coaxially to one another. The circular canal 50 points over the circumference around the longitudinal axis L. the inner shaft 51 or the outer shaft 52 a constant width.

In the circular channel 50 are a wide variety of rolling elements 54 arranged, which in the manner of a roller bearing both in operative contact with the inner shaft 51 as well as in operative contact with the outer shaft 52 and when the inner shaft rotates 51 relative to the outer shaft 52 make a rolling motion.

The circular canal 50 is with the magnetorheological fluid 11 filled and the magnetic device 30th is around the fluid channel 10 arranged such that the field lines 31 the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th or the circular canal 50 traverse. The particles in the magnetorheological fluid 11 form solidifications in the presence of the magnetic field lines along the magnetic field lines. As in 11b shown, the solidifications lock the rolling elements 54 causing rotation of the inner shaft 51 is blocked. The inner shaft 51 can be done directly or indirectly with the safety bar 8th be coupled.

12a shows a third development of the second embodiment of the locking device 1 , the inner shaft 51 and the outer shaft 52 analogous to the in 11a and 11b illustrated embodiment are coaxially aligned with each other and held stored and the liquid channel 10 as a circular channel 50 between the inner shaft 51 and the outer shaft 52 is trained. On an outer surface 53 the inner shaft 51 is a variety of chokes 23 arranged by the outer circumferential surface 53 the inner shaft 51 in the direction of the outer shaft 52 stick out. The respective throttle 23 is as a backdrop 26th formed, the respective setting 26th from a first flank 26a and a second flank 26b is formed. The first flank 26a runs approximately tangentially from the outer jacket surface 53 and the second flank 26b approximately radial. The first flank 26a and the second flank 26b meet at a point that is a bottleneck 55 forms and thus the narrowest cross-section of the liquid channel 10 represents.

The ones along the magnetic field lines 31 of the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th polarized particles of the magnetorheological fluid 11 when the inner shaft rotates 51 in a first direction according to 10b wedged into the narrowest cross-section by the second flank like a wedge and prevent further rotation in the first direction A. . However, there is also in the presence of the magnetic field in the liquid channel 10 a rotation in the second direction B. according to 12b not completely blocked, just muffled. As soon as the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th is deflected, weakened or destroyed, the inner shaft can 51 unhindered both in a first direction A ' as well as in a second direction B ' be twisted. Thus forms the locking device 1 in the first state a freewheel. The freewheel can be used, for example, to pivot the safety bar 8th in the first direction A ' to lock, being the first direction A ' an opening of the safety bar 8th would effect and the second direction B. a closing of the safety bar 8th . Thus, the passenger can enjoy an amusement ride while traveling 2 the safety bar 8th do not open, but the safety bar 8th readjust so that it is even more firmly in the passenger seat 3 holds.

The 13a to 17th are detailed representations of different configurations of the channel section 20th refer to. For a better understanding, the detailed representations are partially provided with circuit symbol E, which is a function of the duct section 20th reproduce.

In the 13a and 13b is a section of the line 12 of the liquid channel 10 with the channel section 20th and the magnet device 30th shown. The magnetic device 30th is on at least two opposite side walls 21st , 22nd around the canal section 20th arranged, whereby the magnetic field lines 31 the magnetic field of the magnetic device 30th the channel section 20th traverse.

The magnetic device 30th can - as in 13b is shown - a soft magnetic iron circle 37 with an air gap 38 comprise, the channel section 20th in the air gap 38 is arranged. The magnetic device 30th can also have at least one permanent magnet 35 have, through which a magnetic flux in the iron circle 37 is introduced, whose field lines 31 the channel section 20th in the air gap 38 traverse. Furthermore, an electrically energizable coil on the iron circuit 37 be arranged, the the second magnet unit 32 forms.

Before and after the canal section 20th is a cone section 25th arranged which forms a cross-sectional reduction or cross-sectional expansion, whereby the channel section 20th compared to the remaining line 12 has a reduced flow cross section which is preferably less than 1/2, more preferably less than 1/4, even more preferably less than 1/8 or even less than 1/16.

The design of the channel section 20th according to 12 has a throttle 23 which is formed by a cascade. The magnetorheological fluid becomes through the cascade 11 passed through a tapered cross-section. The multiple deflections make the effective length of the duct section 20th extended, whereby the locking effect in the first state of the magnetic device 30th in the channel section 20th continues to increase.

Another embodiment of the channel section 20th is 15th to be found, the channel section 20th along the first direction of flow A. a cross-sectional tapering through a cone section 25th having. The cone section 25th tapers the flow channel in the first flow direction A. and widens the flow channel in the second flow direction B. on. This configuration of the channel section 20th forms a kind of one-way valve. The canal section 20th blocks in the first flow direction A. , meanwhile the second flow direction B. is released attenuated. This effect is due to the fact that the polarized particles or the solidifications formed by the particles are in the magnetic field in the second flow direction A. by the wedge effect of the nozzle of the channel section 20th clog or block.

The magnetic device 30th can be a conical diametrically magnetized permanent magnet, the magnetic field lines slightly curved the channel section 20th traverse, whereby the characteristics of the freewheel is reinforced.

A further development of the channel section 20th according to 15th is in 16 shown, the cone section 25th and / or the magnetic device 30th in the first direction of flow A. or the second direction of flow B. is or are displaceable. Due to the variable relative position between the cone section 25th and the magnet device 30th can change the properties of the duct section 20th or the properties of the one-way valve thus formed can be adjusted.

A movable cone section (not shown) can also be present in the magnetorheological fluid 11 in the inner (flowed through) area of the cone section 25th be arranged depending on the direction of flow of the magnetorheological fluid 11 either the cone section 25th mechanically tapered or out of the cone section 25th is pushed out, whereby the locking effect is reduced. By the movable cone section within the channel section 20th the characteristics of the one-way or check valve can be improved.

In addition, the channel section 20th a conventional hydraulic valve 70 exhibit. By combining the duct section 20th with a conventional hydraulic valve 70 can reduce valve leakage by reducing the on the hydraulic valve 70 acting pressure through the channel section 20th be accomplished. The canal section 20th thus forms a leakage protection for the hydraulic valve 70 .

List of reference symbols

1

Locking device

2

Amusement ride

3

Passenger reception

4th

Seat recording

5

Seat pad

6th

Back pad

7th

bracket

8th

Safety bar

10

Fluid channel

11

liquid

12

management

14th

Printing room

15th

cylinder

16

first area

17th

second area

18th

Funding

19th

Pressure compensation device

20th

Channel section

21st

Side wall

22nd

Side wall

23

throttle

25th

Cone section

26th

Backdrop

30th

Magnetic device

31

Field lines

32

second magnet unit

35

Permanent magnet

36

Electromagnet

37

Iron circle

38

Air gap

40

Locking member

42

piston

43

Running gap

44

poetry

45

Piston rod

46

first print page

47

second print side

48

Interlocking

49

gear

50

Circular channel

51

Inner shaft

52

Outer shaft

53

Outer surface

54

Rolling elements

55

Bottleneck

70

Hydraulic valve

A.

first flow direction

B.

second flow direction

D.

Axis of rotation

L.

Longitudinal axis

Claims (18)

Locking device (1) of a safety bar (8) having: a fluid channel (10) with a magnetorheological fluid (11), a movable locking member (40), and a magnetic device (30), wherein the locking member (40) is coupled to the safety bar (8) and transmits a movement of the safety bar (8) to the liquid (11) in the liquid channel (10), wherein the liquid channel (10) has at least one channel section (20), and wherein the magnetic device (30) is arranged at least on opposite side walls (21) of the channel section (20) such that the field lines (31) of the magnetic field of the magnetic device (30) can cross the channel section (20). Locking device (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the magnetic device (30) has a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state the magnetic field lines (31) traverse the channel section (20) and wherein in the second state the magnetic field lines (31) of the Channel section (20) are deflected or deflected, or are weakened in the channel section (20). Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic device (30) completely or partially surrounds the channel section (20). Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic device (30) can be switched or actuated mechanically and / or electrically. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic device (30) has at least one permanent magnet (35) and / or at least one electromagnet (36). Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channel section (20) has at least one throttle (23), whereby the channel section (20) of the liquid channel (10) has a locally reduced cross-section. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the throttle (23) has a cascade, a perforated plate, a honeycomb, sieve and / or lattice structure. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channel section (20) has at least one conical section (25) in the form of a diffuser and / or a nozzle. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking member (40) comprises a linearly movable piston (42). Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid channel (10) is a circular channel (50), the circular channel (50) being formed between an inner shaft (51) and an outer shaft (52). Locking device (1) after Claim 10 , characterized in that the inner shaft (51) or the outer shaft (52) form the movable locking member (40) and can be rotated about a longitudinal axis (L). Locking device (1) according to one of the Claims 10 or 11 , characterized in that at least one rolling element (54) is arranged in the circular channel (50). Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid channel (10) is a conveying means (18) has, through which the liquid (11) in the liquid channel (10) can circulate under pressure. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid channel (10) has at least one pressure compensation device (19). Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetorheological fluid contains polarizing particles, in particular carbonyl iron powder, and a suspension, in particular a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, ethylene glycol or water. Use of a locking device (1) of a safety bar (8) according to one of the Claims 1 to 15th in an amusement ride, especially a roller coaster, carousel, swing, or water ride attraction. Passenger receptacle (3) with a safety bar (8) and a locking device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 15th . Amusement ride (2), in particular a roller coaster, a carousel, a swing or a water ride attraction, with a locking device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 15th .

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