DE102017113886A1 - Method and device for adapting a switching frequency of an inverter in an electric drive train, in particular for an electric or hybrid vehicle - Google Patents
Method and device for adapting a switching frequency of an inverter in an electric drive train, in particular for an electric or hybrid vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- DE102017113886A1 DE102017113886A1 DE102017113886.2A DE102017113886A DE102017113886A1 DE 102017113886 A1 DE102017113886 A1 DE 102017113886A1 DE 102017113886 A DE102017113886 A DE 102017113886A DE 102017113886 A1 DE102017113886 A1 DE 102017113886A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/525—Temperature of converter or components thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/526—Operating parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Anpassung einer Schaltfrequenz eines Inverters in einem elektrischen Antriebsstrang, insbesondere für ein Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeug, bei welchem der Inverter (2) eine von einer Spannungsquelle (1) bereitgestellte Gleichspannung in eine Wechselspannung zur Ansteuerung einer Elektromaschine (4) umwandelt, wobei die Schaltfrequenz (f) des Inverters (2) in Abhängigkeit einer Temperatur des Inverters (2) variiert wird. Bei einem Verfahren, bei welchem die Temperaturen zwischen Inverter und Elektromaschine ausbalanciert werden, wird zum Schutz der Elektromaschine (4) vor einer Überhitzung die Schaltfrequenz (f) des Inverters (2) erhöht, während zum Schutz des Inverters (2) vor einer Überhitzung die Schaltfrequenz (f) abgesenkt wird.The invention relates to a method for adapting a switching frequency of an inverter in an electric drive train, in particular for an electric or hybrid vehicle, in which the inverter (2) supplies a DC voltage provided by a voltage source (1) to an AC voltage for driving an electric machine (4). wherein the switching frequency (f) of the inverter (2) is varied in dependence on a temperature of the inverter (2). In a method in which the temperatures between the inverter and the electric machine are balanced, the switching frequency (f) of the inverter (2) is increased to protect the electric machine (4) from overheating, while protecting the inverter (2) from overheating Switching frequency (f) is lowered.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Anpassung einer Schaltfrequenz eines Inverters in einem elektrischen Antriebsstrang, insbesondere für ein Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeug, bei welchem ein Inverter eine von einer Spannungsquelle bereitgestellte Gleichspannung in eine Wechselspannung zur Ansteuerung einer Elektromaschine umwandelt, wobei die Schaltfrequenz in Abhängigkeit einer Temperatur des Inverters variiert wird, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for adapting a switching frequency of an inverter in an electric drive train, in particular for an electric or hybrid vehicle, in which an inverter converts a DC voltage provided by a voltage source into an AC voltage for driving an electric machine, wherein the switching frequency as a function of a temperature of the inverter is varied, as well as an apparatus for performing the method.
Aus der
Die
Nachteilig dabei ist aber, dass die Elektromaschine und der Inverter ihre maximal zulässige Höchsttemperatur nicht zur gleichen Zeit erreichen, so dass ein thermisches Ausbalancieren dieser beiden Komponenten nicht möglich ist.The disadvantage here is that the electric machine and the inverter do not reach their maximum allowable maximum temperature at the same time, so that a thermal balancing of these two components is not possible.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit welchem im Betrieb des Antriebsstranges ein zusätzliches thermisches Ausbalancieren zwischen Inverter und Elektromaschine möglich ist.The invention has for its object to provide a method by which an additional thermal balancing between inverter and electric machine is possible during operation of the drive train.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass zum Schutz der Elektromaschine vor einer Überhitzung die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters erhöht wird, während zum Schutz des Inverters vor einer Überhitzung die Schaltfrequenz abgesenkt wird. Diese Ausbalancierung hat den Vorteil, dass die Verfügbarkeit der Antriebsleistung des Antriebsstranges erhöht wird. Das bedeutet, dass sowohl die Elektromaschine als auch der Inverter möglichst spät ihre individuellen Maximaltemperaturen erreichen. Durch die Erhöhung der Schaltfrequenz werden Stromoberwellen in der Elektromaschine und somit Kupfer-, Eisen- und Magnetverluste reduziert, wodurch die Temperatur der Elektromaschine abgesenkt wird. Andererseits werden durch Erniedrigung der Schaltfrequenz des Inverters die Schaltverluste der Leistungshalbleiter im Inverter reduziert. Unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen wie die Reduktion des Antriebsmomentes bzw. der Fahrgeschwindigkeit von elektrifizierten Fahrzeugen werden somit unterbunden.According to the invention the object is achieved in that to protect the electric machine against overheating, the switching frequency of the inverter is increased, while the switching frequency is lowered to protect the inverter from overheating. This balancing has the advantage that the availability of the drive power of the drive train is increased. This means that both the electric machine and the inverter reach their individual maximum temperatures as late as possible. By increasing the switching frequency current harmonics in the electric machine and thus copper, iron and magnetic losses are reduced, whereby the temperature of the electric machine is lowered. On the other hand, reducing the switching frequency of the inverter reduces the switching losses of the power semiconductors in the inverter. Unwanted side effects such as the reduction of the drive torque or the driving speed of electrified vehicles are thus prevented.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters bei einem höchsten Systemwirkungsgrad des Antriebsstranges eingestellt, bevor die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters erhöht oder abgesenkt wird. Dadurch, dass von einer Grundeinstellung, dem höchstmöglichen Systemwirkungsgrad des Antriebsstranges, ausgegangen wird, ergeben sich nur geringe Fahrzeugverbräuche und gleichzeitig sind lange Abrufphasen hoher Leistung möglich, wie beispielsweise für Überholvorgänge oder schnelle Bergauffahrten. Durch diese Einstellung des höchsten Systemwirkungsgrades werden Verluste zwischen Elektromaschine, Inverter sowie Batterie- und Versorgungsleistungen ausbalanciert.Advantageously, the switching frequency of the inverter is set at a highest system efficiency of the drive train before the switching frequency of the inverter is increased or decreased. By assuming a basic setting, the highest possible system efficiency of the drive train, only low vehicle consumption results and, at the same time, long retrieval phases of high power are possible, such as, for example, overtaking maneuvers or fast uphill driving. This setting for the highest system efficiency balances losses between the electric machine, inverter, and battery and utility services.
In einer Ausgestaltung wird vor der Variation der Schaltfrequenz des Inverters zusätzlich zu einer absoluten Temperatur ein Temperaturgradient der Elektromaschine und/oder des Inverters bestimmt, wobei anhand eines ersten Temperaturgradienten der Elektromaschine und/oder anhand eines zweiten Temperaturgradienten des Inverters die Variation der Schaltfrequenz eingeleitet wird. Der gemessene oder berechnete Temperaturgradient ist nur eine Vereinfachung der gewünschten Prädiktion und dem damit verbundenen proaktiven Anpassen der Schaltfrequenz. Die vorliegende Variation der Schaltfrequenz erfolgt erst, wenn eine Temperaturwarnung zur Überhitzung von Inverter oder Elektromaschine ausgeht. Die Verwendung des Temperaturgradienten lässt dabei eine besonders genaue Feststellung des Zeitpunktes zu, zu welchem die Variation der Schaltfrequenz einsetzen soll. In one embodiment, a temperature gradient of the electric machine and / or the inverter is determined prior to the variation of the switching frequency of the inverter in addition to an absolute temperature, wherein the variation of the switching frequency is initiated based on a first temperature gradient of the electric machine and / or based on a second temperature gradient of the inverter. The measured or calculated temperature gradient is only a simplification of the desired prediction and the associated proactive adjustment of the switching frequency. The present variation of the switching frequency occurs only when a temperature warning for overheating of inverter or electric machine emanates. The use of the temperature gradient allows for a particularly accurate determination of the time at which the variation of the switching frequency should use.
In einer Ausführungsform wird der erste Temperaturgradient der Elektromaschine aus einer Verlustleistung der Elektromaschine ermittelt, während der zweite Temperaturgradient des Inverters aus einer Verlustleistung des Inverters bestimmt wird. Somit lässt sich der jeweilige Temperaturgradient on- oder off-line rechnerisch ermitteln. In einer Alternative ist es natürlich jederzeit möglich, die Temperatur auch durch einen jeweiligen Temperatursensor zu erfassen. Die Bestimmung der Temperaturgradienten aus den Verlustleistungen ist dabei aber genauer als die lokale Temperaturbestimmung mittels eines Temperatursensors.In one embodiment, the first temperature gradient of the electric machine is determined from a power loss of the electric machine, while the second temperature gradient of the inverter is determined from a power loss of the inverter. Thus, the respective temperature gradient can be determined on-line or off-line by calculation. In an alternative, it is of course always possible to detect the temperature by a respective temperature sensor. However, the determination of the temperature gradients from the power losses is more accurate than the local temperature determination by means of a temperature sensor.
In einer Variante wird nach der Erhöhung bzw. Absenken der Schaltfrequenz des Inverters die Schaltfrequenz auf eine minimal zulässige Untergrenze eingestellt. Damit wird gewährleistet, dass ein stabiles Verhalten der Antriebsregelung auch bei hohen Drehzahlen der Elektromaschine erreicht wird. In a variant, after the increase or decrease of the switching frequency of the inverter, the switching frequency is set to a minimum permissible lower limit. This ensures that a stable behavior of the drive control is achieved even at high speeds of the electric machine.
In einer Ausgestaltung wird eine Temperatur eines Zwischenkreiskondensators des Inverters überwacht, wobei anhand eines dritten Temperaturgradienten und/oder einer Absoluttemperatur des Zwischenkreiskondensators in Kombination mit einem Vergleich der aktuellen Temperatur mit einer definierten Absoluttemperatur die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters erhöht wird. Auch bei diesem Zwischenkreiskondensator werden durch die Erhöhung der Schaltfrequenz Stromoberwellen reduziert, wodurch die Temperatur des Zwischenkreiskondensators abgesenkt wird. In one embodiment, a temperature of a DC link capacitor of the inverter is monitored, wherein the switching frequency of the inverter is increased based on a third temperature gradient and / or an absolute temperature of the DC link capacitor in combination with a comparison of the current temperature with a defined absolute temperature. Also in this DC link capacitor are reduced by increasing the switching frequency current harmonics, whereby the temperature of the DC link capacitor is lowered.
In einer besonders einfachen Ausführungsform wird die Schaltfrequenz in diskreten Schritten variiert. Dies erleichtert die Implementierung. Außerdem lässt sich durch eine zeitliche Mischung diskreter Schaltfrequenzen aufgrund der thermischen Trägheit der beteiligten Komponenten ein quasikontinuierliches Verhalten erzeugen.In a particularly simple embodiment, the switching frequency is varied in discrete steps. This facilitates the implementation. In addition, due to the thermal inertia of the components involved, a quasi-continuous behavior can be generated by a temporal mixture of discrete switching frequencies.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Anpassung einer Schaltfrequenz eines Inverters in einem elektrischen Antriebsstrang, insbesondere für ein Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeug, umfassend eine, eine Gleichspannung bereitstellende Spannungsquelle, den die Gleichspannung in eine Wechselspannung umwandelnden Inverter sowie eine von dem Inverter direkt angesteuerte Elektromaschine. Bei einer Vorrichtung, bei welcher sich die Temperatur zwischen Elektromaschine und Inverter ausbalancieren lässt, sind der Inverter und die Elektromaschine mit je einer Regeleinheit verbunden, wobei die erste Regeleinheit die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters in Abhängigkeit von einer ersten Temperatur der Elektromaschine und die zweite Regeleinheit die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters in Abhängigkeit von einer zweiten Temperatur des Inverters einregeln. Durch eine solche prädiktive Regelung kann die Temperatur zwischen Elektromaschine und Inverter sehr frühzeitig ausgeregelt werden, um die thermische Verfügbarkeit des Antriebes zu maximieren. Da es sich dabei um gegenläufige Vorgänge handelt, werden sowohl die Temperatur der Elektromaschine als auch die des Inverters frühzeitig unterhalb eines Grenzwertes abgesenkt. A refinement of the invention relates to a device for adapting a switching frequency of an inverter in an electric drive train, in particular for an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising a voltage source providing a DC voltage, the DC voltage converting into an AC voltage, and an electric machine directly controlled by the inverter , In a device in which the temperature between the electric machine and inverter can be balanced, the inverter and the electric machine are each connected to a control unit, wherein the first control unit, the switching frequency of the inverter in response to a first temperature of the electric machine and the second control unit, the switching frequency of the inverter in response to a second temperature of the inverter. By such a predictive control, the temperature between the electric machine and inverter can be corrected very early to maximize the thermal availability of the drive. Since these are opposing processes, both the temperature of the electric machine and that of the inverter are lowered below a threshold value early.
Vorteilhafterweise beeinflussen die erste und die zweite Regeleinheit die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters nacheinander oder parallel zueinander. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die parallel zueinander arbeitenden Regeleinheiten ein schnelles Reagieren möglich machen, da insbesondere die thermischen Zeitkonstanten des Inverters in der Regel kleiner sind als die der Elektromaschine. Advantageously, the first and the second control unit influence the switching frequency of the inverter successively or in parallel with each other. This has the advantage that the control units operating in parallel with one another make rapid reaction possible, since in particular the thermal time constants of the inverter are generally smaller than those of the electric machine.
In einer Variante sind zwischen Elektromaschine und erster Regeleinheit eine erste Bestimmungseinheit zum Auslösen einer Variation der Schaltfrequenz des Inverters in Abhängigkeit von der aus einer Verlustleistung bestimmten Temperatur der Elektromaschine und zwischen dem Inverter und der zweiten Regeleinheit eine zweite Bestimmungseinheit zum Auslösen einer Variation der Schaltfrequenz des Inverters in Abhängigkeit von der aus einer Verlustleistung bestimmten Temperatur des Inverters geschaltet. Durch eine solche rechnerische Bestimmung der Temperaturgradienten und dem Vergleich der ermittelten Temperaturgradienten mit einer jeweiligen Steigung wird die Gesamtheit von Inverter bzw. Elektromaschine in die Temperaturbestimmung mit einbezogen. Auf eine lokale Temperaturbestimmung durch einen Temperatursensor kann dabei verzichtet werden.In a variant, a first determination unit for triggering a variation of the switching frequency of the inverter as a function of the temperature determined from a power loss of the electric machine and between the inverter and the second control unit is a second determination unit for triggering a variation of the switching frequency of the inverter between the electric machine and the first control unit as a function of the temperature of the inverter determined from a power loss. By such a mathematical determination of the temperature gradients and the comparison of the determined temperature gradients with a respective slope, the entirety of the inverter or electric machine is included in the temperature determination. On a local temperature determination by a temperature sensor can be omitted.
Die Erfindung lässt zahlreiche Ausführungsformen zu. Eine davon soll anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Figuren näher erläutert werden.The invention allows numerous embodiments. One of them will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures shown in the drawing.
Es zeigen:Show it:
In
Im vorliegenden Beispiel wird durch eine mit dem Inverter
Drohen der Inverter
In einem ersten Block
Im Block
In einer Alternative können die Regelungen der Regeleinheiten
Bei einer bevorstehenden Überhitzung des Inverters
Nachdem die Schaltfrequenz f des Inverters
In
Wie aus
In
In
Es ist deutlich zu erkennen, wie die Schaltfrequenz f weit vorausblickend erhöht wird, um der Überhitzung der Elektromaschine
Die vorliegende Lösung zeigt eine vorausschauende Regelung einer variablen Inverterschaltfrequenz für elektrische Antriebe. Hierdurch kann zum einen der Wirkungsgrad des Antriebsstranges in Abhängigkeit vom aktuellen Betriebspunkt des Antriebsstranges erhöht werden, indem die frequenzabhängigen Verluste zwischen den einzelnen Antriebskomponenten ausbalanciert werden. Zum anderen kann gleichzeitig durch thermisches Ausbalancieren die Verfügbarkeit des Antriebssystems erhöht werden, da die Antriebskomponenten später oder gar nicht an ihre Maximaltemperaturen kommen.The present solution shows a predictive control of a variable inverter switching frequency for electric drives. In this way, on the one hand the efficiency of the drive train can be increased depending on the current operating point of the drive train by the frequency-dependent losses between the individual drive components are balanced. On the other hand, the availability of the drive system can be increased at the same time by thermal balancing, since the drive components come later or not at their maximum temperatures.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 11
- Batterie battery
- 22
- Inverter inverter
- 33
- Leistungshalbleiter Power semiconductor
- 44
- Elektromaschine electric machine
- 55
- Bestimmungseinheit determining unit
- 66
- Regeleinheit control unit
- 77
- Bestimmungseinheit determining unit
- 88th
- Regeleinheit control unit
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- US 5068777 A [0002] US5068777A [0002]
- US 6483271 B1 [0003] US 6483271 B1 [0003]
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021058226A1 (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating a power converter |
EP4002664A1 (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-25 | Valeo Siemens eAutomotive Germany GmbH | Inverter, method for configuring an inverter, method for controlling an inverter and corresponding computer program |
DE102021205550A1 (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for determining at least one state variable of an intermediate circuit capacitor of an inverter and for operating an inverter |
DE102022117618A1 (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-25 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Active thermal control of an inverter |
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US5068777A (en) | 1989-08-23 | 1991-11-26 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Pulse width modulation type inverter having temperature compensation |
US6483271B1 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2002-11-19 | Otis Elevator Company | Motor drive parameters |
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2017
- 2017-06-22 DE DE102017113886.2A patent/DE102017113886A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5068777A (en) | 1989-08-23 | 1991-11-26 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Pulse width modulation type inverter having temperature compensation |
US6483271B1 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2002-11-19 | Otis Elevator Company | Motor drive parameters |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021058226A1 (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating a power converter |
EP4002664A1 (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-25 | Valeo Siemens eAutomotive Germany GmbH | Inverter, method for configuring an inverter, method for controlling an inverter and corresponding computer program |
DE102021205550A1 (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for determining at least one state variable of an intermediate circuit capacitor of an inverter and for operating an inverter |
DE102022117618A1 (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-25 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Active thermal control of an inverter |
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