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CS255502B1 - Electric currents measuring device - Google Patents

Electric currents measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CS255502B1
CS255502B1 CS807420A CS742080A CS255502B1 CS 255502 B1 CS255502 B1 CS 255502B1 CS 807420 A CS807420 A CS 807420A CS 742080 A CS742080 A CS 742080A CS 255502 B1 CS255502 B1 CS 255502B1
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CS
Czechoslovakia
Prior art keywords
transformer
measuring device
primary winding
current
transformers
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Application number
CS807420A
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Czech (cs)
Other versions
CS742080A1 (en
Inventor
Jochen Ermisch
Werner Brendler
Original Assignee
Jochen Ermisch
Werner Brendler
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Application filed by Jochen Ermisch, Werner Brendler filed Critical Jochen Ermisch
Publication of CS742080A1 publication Critical patent/CS742080A1/en
Publication of CS255502B1 publication Critical patent/CS255502B1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G01R15/183—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core
    • G01R15/185—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core with compensation or feedback windings or interacting coils, e.g. 0-flux sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R17/00—Measuring arrangements involving comparison with a reference value, e.g. bridge
    • G01R17/02—Arrangements in which the value to be measured is automatically compared with a reference value
    • G01R17/06—Automatic balancing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/32—Circuit arrangements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)

Abstract

1. Measuring arrangement for electric currents, comprising two transformers (1, 2) wherein the current to be measured flows through the primary winding (5) of the one transformer (1) and a current representing the current to be measured flows through the primary winding (6) of the other transformer (2), characterized in that each of the transformers (1, 2) includes a magnetic core and both have substantially the same transformation characteristic, that the secondary windings (3, 4) of both transformers are connected in parallel, and that an active four-terminal network (7) is connected to the juncture of the secondary windings (3, 4) said network being controlled by the difference between the currents of the secondary windings (3, 4) and driving the current in the primary winding (6) of the other transformer (2).

Description

I Ηη3βηηηθ Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗπ: ycTBpňcTBg^ng HgMegeHHH angKTpHMecKHx tokob 06naCTb ΠΡΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ: Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ KacaercB ycTpoňcTBa ajih HSMepeHHH sjíeKTpHuecKHx tokob. Oho npefl-HasHauaeTCH, npeame Bcero, flnn tskhx tokob, κοτορωβ H9-3a hx chjiu hjih ace hxnoTempiaJia, He MoryT 6ητβ HenocpeflcTBeHHO saMepeHW.Gη3βηηηθ Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗπ: ycTBpncTBg ^ ng HgMegeHHH angKTpHMecKHx tokob 06naCTb ΠΡΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ: θ3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ KacaercB ycT leastcTBa ajih HSMepeHHH sjíeKTpHuecKHx tokob. Oho npefl-HasHauaeTCH, npeame Bcero, flnn tskhx tokob, H9-3a hx chjiu hjih ace hxnoTempiaJia, He MoryT 6ητβ HenocpeflcTBeHHO saMepeHW.

XapaKTepHCTHKa H3BecTHbix τβχΗΗΗβοκκχ pemeHHň: * ' Λπη npeo6pa3OBaHH« 6ojimihx tokob b τβκκβ, κοτορωβ MoryT 6biTb 3aMepeHbi Henoc-pegCTBeHHO, npHMeHHHJTCH ΤρβΗΟφΟρΜβΤΟρΜ TOK3. QHH COCTOHT, B OfíblHHOM, HCnOJlHe“HHH, H3 nepBHMHOří O6MOTKH, ΠΟ KOTOpOťí ΠρΟΤβΚββΤ Η3Μβ'ρΗβΜωίί TOK, H3 ΜβΓΗΗΤΗΟ"“·TO CepAeMHHKa H H3 BTOpHHHOft OÓMOTKH, K κοτοροή nOflKJTOMaeTCH ΠΟΛΗΟβ conpo-THBJíeHne HarpysKH. Ilo btophhhoíí ο6μοτκθ προτεκββτ τοκ, onpenejiaeMbiň qepeaΚΟ3φφΗΗΗβΗΤ' ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΙΙΗΗ H COOTBeTCTByKfflfHÍi nepBHHHOMy TOKy. PfiaJIbHOe OTHO-nieHHe Mex«y nepBHMHbíM η βτορηηημμ τοκβμη ποκββωΒΗβτ, οηΗβκο, οτκποηθηηη οτ3τογο, o6o3HaqaeMbie norpemHocTbio HSMepHTejibHÓro τρΗΗεφορΜβτορβ. 3τβ norpem-HOCTb H3M6pHTejIbHOrO ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρρ 3HBHCHT ΟΤ ΠΟΠΗΟΓΟ COHpOTHBJíeHHH Harpy3*kh h yMeHbmaeTCH c yMeHbmeHHeM HMneflaHca Harpy3KH. TaK κβκ HSMepeHne τοκβCBHsaHo Bce ace c onpefleneHHbíM ποτρεβηεώίεΜ moiuhocth bo btophhhoíí uerm, toΠΟΠΗΟε COnpOTHBJíeHHe Harpy3KH He MoaceT V6bITb BblOpaHHblM npOH3BOJIbHO MailblM. fln>řnojiyneHHH Majibix norpemHocTeíi npeofípasoBaTenH tokh neoCxoflHMO οοοτΒβτοΤΒβΗΗο iyHHTMBaTb flpyrne napaMeTpw, BJiHHJonme Ha norpemHOCTb. Τβκ HanpHMep, npHMeHHeTCH MarHHTHbiň cepflenHHK c 6ojibmoft HanajibHoft npoHHuae-MOCTbJO. flnH yMeHbmeHHH norpemHocTH τρβΗΟφορΜβτορβ τοκβ 3a npenenbi, onpeflejraeweCBOňcTBaMH MaTepnana h bosmoschocthmh TexHHHecKoň KOHCTpyKitfiH, H3BecTHO 6 on ε-πί o e KOJinnecTBO τβκ Ha3biBaeMbix HCKyccTBeHHbix cxeM, κοτορωβ ΒωποπΗΗίοτοΗ ηπηTOJlbKO Ha naCCHBHbIX HJIH Τ3Κ3Κβ Ha HKTHBHblX ΒΙΙβΜβΗΤβΧ.XapaKTepHCTHKa H3BecTHbix βπη npeo6pa3OBaHH «6ojimihx tokob b τβκκβ; Qhh COCTOHT B OfíblHHOM, HCnOJlHe "HHH H3 nepBHMHOří O6MOTKH, ΠΟ KOTOpOťí ΠρΟΤβΚββΤ Η3Μβ'ρΗβΜωίί flow ΜβΓΗΗΤΗΟ H3" "· TO H H3 CepAeMHHKa BTOpHHHOft OÓMOTKH K κοτοροή nOflKJTOMaeTCH ΠΟΛΗΟβ coNP-THBJíeHne HarpysKH. Ilo btophhhoíí ο6μοτκθ προτεκββτ τοκ, onpenejiaeMbiň qepeaΚΟ3φφΗΗΗβΗΤ 'ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΙΙΗΗ H COOTBeTCTByKfflfHÍi nepBHHHOMy flows. PfiaJIbHOe Otho-nieHHe Mex «y nepBHMHbíM η βτορηηημμ τοκβμη ποκββωΒΗβτ, οηΗβκο, οτκποηθηηη οτ3τογο, o6o3HaqaeMbie norpemHocTbio HSMepHTejibHÓro τρΗΗεφορΜβτορβ. 3τβ NorpA-HOCTb H3M6pHTejIbHOrO ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρρ 3HBHCHT ΟΤ ΠΟΠΗΟΓΟ COHpOTHBJíeHHH Harpy3 * kh h yMeHbmaeTCH c yMeHbmeHHeM HMneflaHca Harpy3KH TaK κβκ HSMepeHne τοκβCBHsaHo Bce ace c onpefleneHHbM ποτρεβηεώίεΜ moiuhocth bo btophhhoii uerm, toΠΟΠΗΟε COnpOTHBJiHHe Harpy3KH He MoaceT V6bITb BblOpaHHblM npOH3BOJIbHO MailblM. FLN> řnojiyneHHH Majibix norpemHocTeíi npeofípasoBaTenH Tokhi neoCxoflHMO οοοτΒβτοΤΒβΗΗο iyHHTMBaTb flpyrne napaMeTpw, BJiHHJonme Ha norpemHOCTb. Τβκ HanpHMep, npHMeHHeTCH MarHHTHbiň cepflenHHK c 6ojibmoft HanajibHoft npoHHuae-MOCTbJO. flnH yMeHbmeHHH norpemHocTH τρβΗΟφορΜβτορβ τοκβ npenenbi 3a, onpeflejraeweCBOňcTBaMH MaTepnana h bosmoschocthmh TexHHHecKoň KOHCTpyKitfiH, H3BecTHO 6 on the ε-πί e KOJinnecTBO τβκ Ha3biBaeMbix HCKyccTBeHHbix cxeM, κοτορωβ ΒωποπΗΗίοτοΗ ηπηTOJlbKO Ha Ha naCCHBHbIX HJIH Τ3Κ3Κβ HKTHBHblX ΒΙΙβΜβΗΤβΧ.

TaK HanpHMep, H3BecTeH H3MepHTejibHbitt τρβΗοφορΜβτορ c KOMneHcaiweň norpemHoc-'·th, y κοτοροΓΟ b 3HawHTejibHoň οτβπβΗΗ KOMneHCHpyioTCH ποτβρΗ, 3aBHCHMbie οτnojiHoro conpoTHBJíeHHH HarpysKH (DE-AS 1 303 532). 3to ocytnecTBnaeTCH c rio-MOmbK) yCHJIHTeJIH C 06paTH0ň CBH3bI0 H C HHflyKTHBHblM 3JieMeHTOM CBH3H.TaK HanpHMep, H3BecTeH H3MepHTejibHbitt τρβΗοφορΜβτορ c KOMneHcaiweň norpemHoc- '· th, y κοτοροΓΟ b 3HawHTejibHoň οτβπβΗΗ KOMneHCHpyioTCH ποτβρΗ, 3aBHCHMbie οτnojiHoro conpoTHBJiHHH HarpysKH (DE-AS 1 303 532). 3-O-Cytophthalic acid-C-3-OCH 2 OHH 2 OH 2 OH 2 O 5 CBH 3 B 10 H C H 3 H 2 OH 2 BH 3 O 3MeHTOM CBH 3 H.

SjíeMeHT CBH3H npeflCTaBJíaeT co6oň τβκ HasbiBaeMbift MarHHTHbiň sKBHBajieHT H3MepH“TenbHoro τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ, T.e. Μβτθρκβη o6ohx MarHHTHbix cepfleuHHKOB oĎJiaflaeT 255502 i OAHHaKOBoň MarHHTHoň xapaKTepHCTHKoft. YcanKTenb cpaBHHBaeT HanpaxeHHH TpaHc-φορΜβΤΟρβ H HHflyKTHBHOJO SJíeMeHTa CBH3H, 3aBHCHMblX OT ypOBHH H3MepaeMOrO TO-Ka, h noflnHTbiBaeT flononHHTeflbHO mouhoctí BiiyTpeHHefí ποπκοή HarpyaKH b TpaHC-φορΜβτορ τοκη, TaKHM oSpaaoM ycHJiHTenb KOMneHCHpyeT B03HHKaramyio onmfíKy. Ych-flHTCJIb ΤβΜ CaMblM Ηβ ΟββΟΠεΗΗΒβεΤ H3MepHTenbHytO MODJHOCTb TpaHCýOpMaTOpa TOKa.IIosTOMy H3MepnTejibHbiň τρβΗϋφορΜθΤορ caM flonsten 6htb paccHHTaH Ha HeoCxoflH-Myw MOHJHOCTh ΠΟΗΗΟΓΟ COnpOTHBJíeHHB Harpy3KH. nOTpeĎHOCTb npáBHJlbHO HSMepHTB6onee BbicoKne τοκη κοροτκοτο saMbiKaHHH Μοχετ óbiTb npn btom o6ecnetíHBaTbc«TOJibKO rryTeM yBejiHBeHHH MaTepHajibHbrx 3aTpaT. *’ H3BecTHbi, κροΜβ τογο, τρβΗεφορΜβτορΜ .TOKa c sjíeKTpÓHHoň KOMnencaijHeií norpem-hocth, y KOTopbix bo BTopHHHyio yenb noflaroT TaKoe HanpnxeHHe, hto HHflyKijHHΤρΗΗθφθρΜΒΤθρ3 CTpO.MHTCH K HyjIIO.. TaKOň Τρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ flBJIfjeTCH , OTHOCHTejIb“ho ero norpeiBHOCTeň, npaKTHHecKH He3aBKCnMbiM ot H3MeH6Hnň TOKa η οτ Η3ΜβΗβ-HHň ποπηογο conpoTHBneHHH Harpy3KH, TaK khk MoinHOCTb Harpy3KH aa^aeTCB ycn-'ΠΗτεπεΜ, η τρπΗσφορΜΏτορ pa6oTaeT b ποοτοηηηοη μηγηητηοΛ paSonefí τοηκε.ΤρβΗοφορΜπτορω τόκε τβκοτο pofla, KOTopbie Ha3biBaioT Tarace KOMnapaTopaMH TOKa,ΗΜβιοτ OTHocHTenbHo BbicoKyw TOHHocTb npH MajioM co6cTBeHHOM Beče. B KaneCTBe HHflHKaTOpOB flHH OnpefleneHHH HCHe3H0BeHHH HHflyKUHH ΠρΗΜβΗΚΙΟΤΟΒ hh-flHKaTopHue οΘμοτκη hhh αητηηκη 3flC Xonna (DE-OS 2 632 377 h DE-OS 2 621302).ΠρΗ 3TOM, OflHaKO, flOHXHbl 6bITb BblÓpaHbl KOH-CTpyKTHBHbie ΗΟΠΟΗΗεΗΗΗ, KOTOpbie 00“JiaflaiOT TOHbKO MHHHMaHbHblM paceeHBaHHeM. ΚρΟΜβ TOTO, C 3THM H3MepHTeHbHbIMΠρΗΗΙζΗΠΟΜ ΗβΒΟ3ΜΟ5ΚΗΟ yJiyMUIHTE yxe BCTpOeHHbie, HaXOflBlUHeCH B 3KCnnyaTaU(HHΤρ3ΗθφθρΜ3ΤθρΗ TOKa. ,SjíeMeHT CBH3H npeflCTaBJíaeT co6oň ßb HasbiBaeMbift MarHHTHbiň sKBHBajieHT H3MepH “TenbHoro τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ, T.e. 6βτθρκβη o6ohx MarHHTHbix cepfleuHHKOB oĎJiaflaeT 255502 i OAHHaKOBoň MarHHTHoň xapaKTepHCTHKoft. YcanKTenb cpaBHHBaeT HanpaxeHHH TpaHc-φορΜβΤΟρβ H HHflyKTHBHOJO SJíeMeHTa CBH3H, 3aBHCHMblX OT ypOBHH H3MepaeMOrO TO-Ka h noflnHTbiBaeT flononHHTeflbHO mouhoctí BiiyTpeHHefí ποπκοή HarpyaKH b TpaHC-φορΜβτορ τοκη, Takhte oSpaaoM ycHJiHTenb KOMneHCHpyeT B03HHKaramyio onmfíKy. Ych-flHTCJIb 3βΜ CaMblM Ηβ ΟββΟΠεΗΗΒβεΤ H3MepHTenbHytO MODJHOCTb TpaHCýOpMaTOpa TOKa.IIosTOMy H3Mepn pejcHHTaH Ha HeoCxoflH-Myw MOHJHOCTh ΠΟΗΗΟΓΟ COnpOTHBJíeHHB Harpy3KH. OTpeχεOCOCOCOC nOCOCOCMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM sa sa sa sa sa sa sa sa sa sa sa sa sa TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO * 'H3BecTHbi, κροΜβ τογο, τρβΗεφορΜβτορΜ flux of C-sjíeKTpÓHHoň KOMnencaijHeií NorpA hocth y KOTopbix bo BTopHHHyio Yenbo noflaroT HanpnxeHHe Tako, HTO HHflyKijHHΤρΗΗθφθρΜΒΤθρ3 CTpO.MHTCH HyjIIO K .. TaKOň Τρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ flBJIfjeTCH, OTHOCHTejIb "it ero norpeiBHOCTeň, npaKTHHecKH He3aBKCnMbiM ot H3MeH6Hnň Tokai η οτ Η3ΜβΗβ-HHN ποπηογο conpoTHBneHHH Harpy3KH and KHK MoinHOCTb Harpy3KH aa ^ aeTCB hexene-'ΠΗτεπεΜ, η τρπΗσφορΜΏτορ pa6oTaeT b ποοτοηηηοη μηγηητηοΛ paSonefí τοηκε.ΤρβΗοφορΜπτορω τόκε τβκοτο pofla, KOTopbie Ha3biBaioT tarace KOMnapaTopaMH Tokai ΗΜβιοτ OTHocHTenbHo BbicoKyw TOHHocTb NPH MajioM co6cTBeHHOM Bece. B KaneCTBe HHflHKaTOpOB flHH OnpefleneHHH HCHe3H0BeHHH HHflyKUHH ΠρΗΜβΗΚΙΟΤΟΒ hh hhh-flHKaTopHue οΘμοτκη αητηηκη 3flC Xonna (DE-OS 2,632,377, DE-OS H 2 621 302) .ΠρΗ 3TOM, OflHaKO, flOHXHbl 6bITb BblÓpaHbl KOH CTpyKTHBHbie ΗΟΠΟΗΗεΗΗΗ, KOTOpbie 00 "JiaflaiOT TOHbKO MHHHMaHbHblM paceeHBaHHeM. THρΟΜβ TOTO, C 3THM H3MepHTeHbHbIMΠρΗΗΙζΗΠΟΜ ΗβΒΟ3ΜΟ5ΚΗΟ yJiyMUIHTE yxe BCTpOeHHbie, HaXOflBlUHeCH B 3KCnnyaTaU (HHΤρ3ΗθφθρΜ3ΤθρΗ TOKa.,

Uejib H3o6peTeHHH: YnyqiueHHe h3M6P6hhb 3πεκτρ. tokob skohom. cnoco6oM,H3,no»eHne cynjHocTH Η3θ0ρετβΗΗΗί , ’ 3aflana Η3θ6ρετεΗΗΗ coctoht b tom, ητοΘη Haňra τβκοε ycTpoňCTBo hhh H3MepeHHH3jieKT>pnuecKHx tokob, ocoSeHHo Ha βηοοκοβοπμήομ noTGHHHane, κοτοροε ojBecne-HHBaGT npH Majlbix MaTGpHajIbHbIX SaTpaTaX OHGHh BblCOKyro TOHHOCTb H3MGpGHHH T3K“xe b flHana3OHe τοκη neperpy3KH. 3.Ta 3aflaqa peraaeTCH, coraacHO Η3ο6ρετεΗΗΐο, C nOMÓmbJO flByX ΤρΒΗεφορΜΗΤΟρΟΒ, nGpGflaTOHHbie xapaKTGpHCTHKH KOTopbix, noKpaŇHeň Mepe, npH6nH3HTenbHQ oflHHaKOBbi, ΒτορΗΗΗωε. οΘμοτκη κοτορΗχ coeflHHeHbíflpyr c flpyroM b oflHy ŤOKOByw n;enb, πρημθμ, no nepBHMHoň οδκοτκε nepsoroΤρΗΗϋφορΜΗΤΟρΗ ΠρΟΤΘΚβεΤ H3MGpflGMblň TOK, a ΠΟ nepBHHHOft OĎMOTKG BTOpOTOτρ3ΗεφορΜ3τορ3 προτεκβετ tok, nponopnHOHajibHbiň H3Mep«eMOMy TOKy. ΚροΜε Tpro,aKTHBHbiň ηετΗρεχποηιοεΗΗκ, ynpaBnaeMbiň paBnocTbio noTÓHnuanoB, čHHTbix· H3 toko-Boň ηεΠΗ BTOpHUHblX O0MOTOK, ΠΗΤββΤ napUHnHyM OÓMOTKy ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ ΤρβΗοφορΜβΤΟρβ.AKTHBHbiň qeTbipexnojuocHHK BbinoJiHaeTCB, npeHMynjecTBeHHO, κβκ ΑΗφφερεΗΑΗΗΠΜίΜήyCHJIHTeJIb, BXOflbl ΚΟΤΟρΟΓΟ nOflKJHOqaiOTCH K TOqKHM CBH3H Ο0ΟΗΧ BTOpHqHbK ο6μο-TOK. flna H3MepenHH otohí 6onbiuHX aut tokob Kaxflbiň τρβΗεφορΜβτορ CHaóx-eH αοποπηη-ΤβΗΒΗΟΗ BTOpOH BTOpHHHOň OÓMOTKOň. 3TH flOnOHHHTeHbHbie BTOpHHHblG O0MOTKH COe-flHHeHbí flpyr c flpyroM τηκημ o0pa3OM, hto oahh kohuh oómotok coeflHHeHbí ranbBa-HnqGCKH, a flpyrae kohubi očmotok noflianoqaioTCH ko BxouaM βκτηβηογο ηεη>ιρεχπο-jnocHHKa. OcoČghho BbirouHbia KOHCTpyKTHBiaia bo3MO3khocth h napaMGTtfbJ npHMGHG-hhh nojiynaioTca Torua, ecnu napBbiň τρεκεφορΜετορ, no κοτοροΜγ προτεκβετ H3Me*-pneMbiií tok, BbinojiHHGTCH KaK OflHOBHTKOBbiň τρεΗεφορΜετορ τόκε Ha KOnbljeBOM.εερ«εΗΗΗκε. flnH HSMepGHHB ΠΟΟΤΟΗΗΗΟΓΟ TOKa HpGflyCMOTpeHa TaKXe flJIH Kaacfloro ΤρΗΗεφορΜβΤΟ^-pa flonojiHHTejibHan BTopHHHaH očMOTKa. Ohh 3annTbiBaioTCH ot ranapaTopa uacTOT.Pfia aBTOMaTH3HpOBaHHbIX H3MGpHTeJIbHblX CTGHflOB η/κΠΗ ftHH ΙζΗφρΟΒΟή o6pa6OTKHcHrHanoB scenaeMoe npeo6pa30BaHHG nepBHHHoró TOKa b BGJiHHHHy ποοτοηηηογο to- 255502 3 κβ ΜΟΜβτ 6μτβ yflo6m>iM ofípasoM flocrarHyro τβΜ, mto nocnenoBaTejibHo c nepBHH-HOň OÓMOTKOH ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ TpaHC$OpMaTOpa nOflKJHOHaeTCH BbinpHMHTenbHblíi MOCT C HHflH~κβτοροΜ nocTOBHHoro Toxa, HanpHMep MOCTOBan cxeMa Γρβτηβ. B CBH3H C KOHTpOJieM MHOronpOBOflHHXOBblX CHCT6M ΜΟΜβΤ 6blTb BbirOflHblM BbinOJIHHTbnepBbiň TpaHc4>opMaTop b BHfle τρβκοφορΜβτορη HyneBoro τοκρ.Uejib H3o6peTeHHH: YnyqiueHHe h3M6P6hhb 3πεκτρ. tokob skohom. cnoco6oM, H3, but »eHne cynjHocTH Η3θ0ρετβΗΗΗί, '3aflana Η3θ6ρετεΗΗΗ coctoht b that ητοΘη Hanru τβκοε ycTpoňCTBo hhh H3MepeHHH3jieKT> pnuecKHx tokob, ocoSeHHo Ha βηοοκοβοπμήομ noTGHHHane, κοτοροε ojBecne-HHBaGT NPH Majlbix MaTGpHajIbHbIX SaTpaTaX OHGHh BblCOKyro TOHHOCTb H3MGpGHHH T3K" xe b flHana3OHe τοκη neperpy3KH. 3.Ta 3aflaqa peraaeTCH, coraacHO ο3ο6ρετεΗΗΐο, C nOMÓmbJO flByX ΤρΒΗεφορΜΗΤΟρΟΒ, nGpGflaTOHHbie xapaKTGpHCTHKH KOTopbix, noKpañHen Mepe, npH6nH3HTenbHQ oflHHaKOBbi, ΒτορΗΗΗωε. οΘμοτκη κοτορΗχ coeflHHeHbíflpyr c flpyroM b oflHy ŤOKOByw N ENB πρημθμ, but nepBHMHoň οδκοτκε nepsoroΤρΗΗϋφορΜΗΤΟρΗ ΠρΟΤΘΚβεΤ H3MGpflGMblň flow and ΠΟ nepBHHHOft OĎMOTKG BTOpOTOτρ3ΗεφορΜ3τορ3 προτεκβετ flow nponopnHOHajibHbiň H3Mep «eMOMy flows. ΚροΜε tuse, aKTHBHbiň ηετΗρεχποηιοεΗΗκ, ynpaBnaeMbiň paBnocTbio noTÓHnuanoB, čHHTbix · H3 tocopheryl Bon ηεΠΗ BTOpHUHblX O0MOTOK, ΠΗΤββΤ napUHnHyM OÓMOTKy ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ ΤρβΗοφορΜβΤΟρβ.AKTHBHbiň qeTbipexnojuocHHK BbinoJiHaeTCB, npeHMynjecTBeHHO, κβκ ΑΗφφερεΗΑΗΗΠΜίΜήyCHJIHTeJIb, BXOflbl ΚΟΤΟρΟΓΟ nOflKJHOqaiOTCH K TOqKHM CBH3H Ο0ΟΗΧ BTOpHqHbK ο6μο-TOK. flna H3MepenHH otohí 6onbiuHX aut tokob Kaxflbiň τρβΗεφορΜβτορ CHaóx-eH αοποπηη-ΤβΗΒΗΟΗ BTOpOH BTOpHHHOň OÓMOTKOň. 3TH flOnOHHHTeHbHbie BTOpHHHblG O0MOTKH COe-flHHeHbi flpyr c flpyroM τηκημ o0pa3OM, hto oahh kohuh oomotok coeflHHeHbi ranbBa-HnqGCKH, a flpyrae kohubi očmotok noflianoqaioTCH ko BxouaM βκτηβηογο ηεη> ιρεχπο-jnocHHKa. OcoČghho BbirouHbia KOHCTpyKTHBiaia bo3MO3khocth napaMGTtfbJ npHMGHG H-HHH nojiynaioTca Toru ecnu napBbiň τρεκεφορΜετορ, but κοτοροΜγ προτεκβετ H3Me * -pneMbiií flow BbinojiHHGTCH KaK OflHOBHTKOBbiň τρεΗεφορΜετορ τόκε Ha KOnbljeBOM.εερ «εΗΗΗκε. flnH HSMepGHHB ΠΟΟΤΟΗΗΗΟΓΟ TOKa HpGflyCMOTpeHa TaKXe flJIH Kaacfloro ΤρΗΗεφορΜβΤΟ ^ -pa flonojiHHTejibHan BTopHHHaH očMOTKa. Ooh 3annTbiBaioTCH ot ranapaTopa uacTOT.Pfia aBTOMaTH3HpOBaHHbIX H3MGpHTeJIbHblX CTGHflOB η / κΠΗ ftHH ΙζΗφρΟΒΟή o6pa6OTKHcHrHanoB scenaeMoe npeo6pa30BaHHG nepBHHHoró Tokai b BGJiHHHHy ποοτοηηηογο to- 255502 3 κβ ΜΟΜβτ 6μτβ yflo6m> uM ofípasoM flocrarHyro τβΜ MTO nocnenoBaTejibHo HON-C nepBHH OÓMOTKOH ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ TpaHC $ OpMaTOpa nOflKJHOHaeTCH BbinpHMHTenbHblíi MOCT C HHflH ~ κβτοροΜ nocTOBHHoro Toxa, HanpHMep MOCTOBan cxeMa Γρβτηβ. B CBH3H C KOHTpOJIEM MHOronpOBOflHHXOBblX CHCT6M blβΤ 6blTb BbirOflHblM BbinOJIHHTbnepBbiň TpaHc4> opMaTop b BHfle τρβκοφορΜβτορη HyneBoro τοκρ.

Heo6xofíHMoe, np« onpefleneHHbix ycnoBHHX, pa3ReneHHe noT.eHunajioB Mexfly axTHB-HblM UeTbipexnOJHOCHHKOM H HHflHKaTOpOM ΠβρβΜβΗΗΟΓΟ TOKa ΜΟΜβτ 6bITb ΟδβΟΠβΗβΗΟτβΜ, mto npeflycMaTpHBaeTCH enje oflHH τρβΗοφορΜβτορ, κοτορωή nHTaeTCH οτ ax-ΤΗΒΗΟΓΟ MeTbipeXnOJIIOCHHXa, Η ΒΤΟρΗΗΗβΗ o6MOTXa XOTOpOTO COeflHHHeTCH nocneno-'BaTéíIbHÓ C ΠβρΒΗΗΗΟή ΟβΜΟΤΚΟή ΒΤΟρΟΓΟ TpaHCýopMaTOpa. IIpHMép HCnOJIHeHHK!Heo6xofíHMoe np "onpefleneHHbix ycnoBHHX, pa3ReneHHe noT.eHunajioB Mexfly axTHB-HblM UeTbipexnOJHOCHHKOM H HHflHKaTOpOM ΠβρβΜβΗΗΟΓΟ Tokai ΜΟΜβτ 6bITb ΟδβΟΠβΗβΗΟτβΜ MTO npeflycMaTpHBaeTCH enje oflHH τρβΗοφορΜβτορ, κοτορωή nHTaeTCH οτ AX-ΤΗΒΗΟΓΟ MeTbipeXnOJIIOCHHXa, Η ΒΤΟρΗΗΗβΗ o6MOTXa XOTOpOTO COeflHHHeTCH nocneno-'BaTéíIbHÓ C ΠβρΒΗΗΗΟή ΟβΜΟΤΚΟή ΒΤΟρΟΓΟ TpaHCýopMaTOpa. IIpHMép HCnOJIHeHHK!

Ha ocHOBamiH npHMepa HcnojiHeHHH Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ oStacHaeTcs noflpoĎHee. Ha pucyH-xax noxaaaHbí:Ha ocHOBamiH npHMepa HcnojiHeHHH Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ oStacHaeTcs noflpoĎHee. Ha pucyH-xax noxaaaHbi:

Phc.1: npHHunriHajibHaH cxeMa n3MepHTejibHoro ycTpoňcTBa ajihSJíeXTpHHeCXHX ΤΟΧΟΒ, COrjiaCHO Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΚ>,Phc.1: npHHunriHajibHaH cxeMa n3MepHTejibHoro ycT leastcTBa ajihSJeeXTpHHeCXHX ΤΟΧΟΒ, COrjiaCHO Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΚ>,

Pne,2: βο3μομηοοτβ ynpaBJíeHHH ηηφφβρβΗχι,ΗβηΒΗΗΜ ycHJiHTeneM,Pne, 2: βο3μομηοοτβ ynpaBJíeHHH ηηφφβρβΗχι, ΗβηΒΗΗΜ ycHJiHTeneM,

Pne.3: ΜΟΑΗφΗΗΗροΒβΗΗΟβ H3MepHTejibHoe ycTpoňcTBo pjw H3MepeHHH nocTOHHHbixTOKOB,Pne.3: ΜΟΑΗφΗΗΗροΒβΗΗΟβ H3MepHTejibHoe ycTpmcTBo pjw H3MepeHHH nocTOHHHbixTOKOB,

Phc,4: n3MepnTejibHoe ycTpoňcTBo c βμχοαομ απη cnrHajia ποοτοηηηογο τοχβ,Phc, 4: n3MepnTejibHoe ycT least cTBo c βμχοαομ απη cnrHajia ποοτοηηηογο τοχβ,

Pne.5: H3MepHTejIbHOe yCTpoftCTBO, ΧΟΤΟρΟβ ΜΟΑΗφΗΗΗρΟΒβΗΟ B BHfle τρβΗβφορΜβ-Pne.5: H3MepHTejIbHOe yCTpoftCTBO, ΧΟΤΟρΟβ ΜΟΑΗφΗΗΗρΟΒβΗΟ B BHfle τρβΗβφορΜβ-

Topa HyneBoro Toxa, hTopa HyneBoro Toxa, h

Phc.6: HSMepHTenbHoe ycrpofícTBo c pa3fleneHHeM noTeHiwanoB Mexp,y Η3ΜβρητβπΒ-Hoň nenbio a ΑΗφφερβΗΑΗβηΒΗΜΜ ycHJiHTeneM.Phc.6: HSMepHTenbHoe ycrpoficiTBo c pa3fleneHHeM noTeHiwanoB Mexp, y Μ3ΜβρητβπΒ-Hoň nenbio and ΑΗφφερβΗΑΗβηΒΗΜΜ ycHJiHTeneM.

Phc.1 noxa3biBaeT πρηηηηπηθλβηυιο exeny coraacHO Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗκ>. H3MepnTejibHajťcxeMa COCTOHT H3 flByX ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρΟΒ 1; 2, BTOPHHHbie OÓMOTXH 3j 4 χοτορωχcoeflHHeHbí b oflHy TOXOByw flenb. Πο nepBHHHoň oÓMOTxe 5 nepeoro τρβΗοφορΜβτο-pa 1 προτβχββτ H3MepaeMbrii tok, b to bpgmh xax nepBHHHan oÓMOTxa 6 BToporoΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρβ 2 IDiTaeTCH ΟΤ ΑΗφφβρβΗΗΗΘΠΒΗΟΓΟ yCHflHTenH 7. BxOflbl ρ,ΗφφβρβΗ-PHajihHoro ycHJiHTejiH 7 noflxníoHaioTCH x flByM TonxaM coeRHHeHHH btophhhmx očmo-tok 3; 4. IIocjiep;oBaTejibHO c nepBHHHOň οδΜοτκοή 6 BToporo τρβΗοφορΜπτορβ 2BxntoneH HHflHxaTop nepeMeHHoro Toxa 8,.0óa τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ 1; 2 ημθιοτ, ποxpaňHeň Mepe, 6jiH3Kne nepeflatOHHbie xapaxTepucTHKH, τ.β. ohh paóoTaioT bo sceMhx aMraiHTyffHOM flHanaaoHe c οαηηακοβμμη μαγηητημμη ηηαυκαηημη.Phc.1 noxa3biBaeT πρηηηηπηθλβηυιο exeny coraacHO Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗκ>. H3MepnTejibHajťcxeMa COCTOHT H3 flByX ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρΟΒ 1; 2, BTOPHHHbie OÓMOTXH 3j 4 χοτορωχcoeflHHeHb b oflHy TOXOByw flenb. Πο nepBHHHoň oÓMOTxe 5 nepeoro τρβΗοφορΜβτο PA-1 προτβχββτ H3MepaeMbrii flow b that bpgmh XAX nepBHHHan oÓMOTxa 6 BToporoΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρβ 2 IDiTaeTCH ΟΤ ΑΗφφβρβΗΗΗΘΠΒΗΟΓΟ yCHflHTenH seventh BxOflbl ρ, ΗφφβρβΗ-PHajihHoro ycHJiHTejiH 7 x noflxníoHaioTCH flByM TonxaM coeRHHeHHH btophhhmx očmo-stream 3; 4. IIocjiep; oBaTejibHO c nepBHHhoň οδΜοτκοή 6 BToporo τρβΗοφορΜπτορβ 2BxntoneH HHflHxaTop nepeMeHHoro Toxa 8, .0óa τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ 1; 2 ημθιοτ, ποxpaňHeň Mepe, 6jiH3Kne nepeflatOHHbie xapaxTepucTHKH, τ.β. ohh paóoTaioT bo sceMhx aMraiHTyffHOM flHanaaoHe c οαηηακοβμμη μαγηητημμη ηηαυκαηημη.

Ecah no nepBH«íHoft οβΜΟΤχβ 5 nepsoro τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ 1 προτβχββτ HSMepneMbiňTOK, TO ΛΗφφβρβΗΠΗθΠΒΗΗΗ yCHJIHTenb 7 BhíflaeT Ha nepBHHHyJO o6MOTXy 6 BToporoΤρβΗΟφΟρΜβΤΟρβ 2 TOX Taxoň ΒβΑΗΗΗΗΗ, ΗΤΟ ΗΗΠρΗΜβΗΗβ ΜβΜΠΥ θ6θΗΜΗ TOHKaMHnpHGOeflHHeHHH BTOpHHHblX OÓMOTOK 3j 4 ΠρΗβΠΗΜββΤΟΗ X HyjllO. B OÓOHX ΤρβΗΟφορ-MaTOpax 1; 2 ycTaHaBJíHBaeTcn τβπβρπ oflHHaxoBafl'’ HaMarHHHHBawmaH enna, οτΗβ- ΪceHHaa x απηηθ μ3γηητηογο nyra.Ecah no nepBH «íHoft οβΜΟΤχβ 5 nepsoro τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ προτβχββτ HSMepneMbiňTOK 1, TO ΛΗφφβρβΗΠΗθΠΒΗΗΗ yCHJIHTenb 7 BhíflaeT Ha nepBHHHyJO o6MOTXy 6 BToporoΤρβΗΟφΟρΜβΤΟρβ 2 TOX taxon ΒβΑΗΗΗΗΗ, ΗΤΟ ΗΗΠρΗΜβΗΗβ ΜβΜΠΥ θ6θΗΜΗ TOHKaMHnpHGOeflHHeHHH BTOpHHHblX OÓMOTOK 3j 4 ΠρΗβΠΗΜββΤΟΗ X HyjllO. B OÓOHX ΤρβΗΟφορ-MaTOpax 1; 2 ycTaHaBJíHBaeTcn τβπβρπ oflHHaxoBafl '' HaMarHHHHBawmaH enna, οτΗβ- ΪceHHaa x απηηθ μ3γηητηογο nyra.

Tax xax no npeflnocbinxe, 06a τρβΗΟφορΜβτορβ 1; 2 oÓnaflaraT οαηηηκοβμμη xapax-TepHCTHKaMH, Η TOKH BO BTOpHHHblX ΟθΜΟΤΚΘΧ 3; 4 paBHbl, TO TOK, KOTOpblň προτβ-KaeT ΠΟ nepBHHHOň OĎMOTKe 6 ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ ΤρβΗΟφΟρΜβΤΟρβ 2, ROJDKeH 6bITb nponopUHO-HaneH no MOflyjno η no φβ3β H3MepneMOMy Toxy. Tax xax MomHocTb, pacceHBaeMan,Ha ποπηομ conpoTHBneHHH HarpysxH HHflHxaTopa nepeMeHHoro Toxa 8, 3ap,aeTCHΑΗφφβρβΗΗΗβΠΒΗΒΙΜ yCHflHTefleM 7, TO ΒβΑΗΗΗΗβ Harpy3KH Ηβ ΒΠΗΗβΤ H3 nepeflaTOH“Hbie xapaxTepHCTHKH H3MepHTenbHoro ycTpoňcTBa flo τβχ nop, noxa βΗφφβρβΗΐίκβπρ-Hblň yCHnHTenh 7 ΜΟΜβΤ SaflaBaTb Η3ΜβρΗΤβΠΒΗΥΚ> MOIUHOCTb. ΠρββΠΟΗΤΗΤβΠΒΗΟ nep-Bblň ΤρβΗεφορΜβΤΟρ 1 BblMOJlHHTb B BHfle OflHOBHTKOBOrO ΤρβΗςφορΜβΤΟρβ Ha KOflbfle-bom cepfleHHHxe, Tax xax oh fleňcTByeT τοπβκο xax flaTHHK cHrnana 6e3 cymécT-BeHHoň nepeflanH moiuhocth. B προτηβοποπομηοοτβ κ τρβΗοφορΜβτορβΜ Toxa o6hhho-jpo BHfla, ΤρβΗεφορΜΗΤΟρΜ 1; 2 MOryT BbinOJIHHTbCH C OHeHb MajIWMH MaTepHanbHblMH 235502 aaTpaTaMH, TaK Κ3Κ OTiiaflawT KOHcTpyKTHBHbie ycnoBna, oóocHOBaHHbie no tohhoc-th n no mou(hocth. 06a TpaHC<|>opMaTopa aojDKHbí měn Jimiih oflHnaKOBbie xapaKTe-PHCthkh. 3to ycnoBne BbinonHaeTCH, ecnH 06a TpáHcifcopMaTopa BbinojiHeHbí H3 oflH-ηηκοβογο MarHHTHoro MaTepHana, ecjro 06a Tpanc4>opMaTopa HMe»T OflHHaKOBbie 3Ha-neHHH HHflyKnnn b HOMHHanbHOM paóoneM flHana3one, h ec-nn 06a TpaHc<}>opMaTopaOflHHaKOBbi πρκ pacneTe nepBHHHoro TOKa yMHoaceHHoro Ha uhcjio bhtkob nepBHHHoňoómotkh, OTHeceHHoň κ cpeflHeň flJIHHe μηγημτηοη u;enn.Tax xax no npeflnocbinxe, 06a τρβΗΟφορΜβτορβ 1; 2 oÓnaflaraT οαηηηκοβμμη xapax-TepHCTHKaMH, K TOKH BO BTOpHHHblX ΟθΜΟΤΚΘΧ 3; 4 paBHbl, TOK, KOTOpblň προτβ-KaeT ΠΟ nepBHHHOň 6 6ρβΗΟφΟρΜβΤΟρβ 2, ROJDKeH 6bITb nponopUHO-HaneH no MOflyjno η no φβ3β H3MepneMOMy Toxy. Tax XAX MomHocTb, pacceHBaeMan Ha ποπηομ conpoTHBneHHH HarpysxH HHflHxaTopa nepeMeHHoro Toxa 8, 3a, aeTCHΑΗφφβρβΗΗΗβΠΒΗΒΙΜ yCHflHTefleM 7 TO ΒβΑΗΗΗΗβ Harpy3KH Ηβ ΒΠΗΗβΤ H3 nepeflaTOH "Hbie xapaxTepHCTHKH H3MepHTenbHoro ycTpoňcTBa flo τβχ nop, quinoxalin-βΗφφβρβΗΐίκβπρ Hblň yCHnHTenh 7 ΜΟΜβΤ SaflaBaTb Η3ΜβρΗΤβΠΒΗΥΚ> MOIUHOCTb. ΠρββΠΟΗΤΗΤβΠΒΗΟ nep-Bbln ΤρβΗεφορΜβΤΟρ 1 BblMOJlHHTb B BHfle OflHOBHTKOBOrO ΤρβΗςφορΜβΤΟρβ Ha KOflbfle-bom cepfleHHHxe, Tax xax oh fleňcTByeT τοπβκο xax flaTHHK cHrnana 6e3 cymécT-BeHHoň nepeflanH moiuhocth. B προτηβοποπομηοοτβ κ τρβΗοφορΜβτορβΜ Toxa o6hhho-jpo BHfla, ΤρβΗεφορΜΗΤΟρΜ 1; 2 Ballad BbinOJIHHTbCH C OHeHb MajIWMH MaTepHanbHblMH 235502 aaTpaTaMH and Κ3Κ OTiiaflawT KOHcTpyKTHBHbie ycnoBna, oóocHOBaHHbie no tohhoc-th n amino my (hocth. 06a TpaHC <|> opMaTopa aojDKHbí currencies Jimiih oflHnaKOBbie xapaKTe-PHCthkh. 3to ycnoBne BbinonHaeTCH, ecnH 06a TpáHcifcopMaTopa BbinojiHeHbí H3 oflH-ηηκοβογο MarHHTHoro MaTepHana, ecjro 06A Tpanc4> opMaTopa HME »T OflHHaKOBbie 3ha-neHHH HHflyKnnn b HOMHHanbHOM paóoneM flHana3one h ec nn 06a TpaHc <}> opMaTopaOflHHaKOBbi πρκ pACN nepBHHHoro Tokai yMHoaceHHoro Ha uhcjio bhtkob nepBHHHoňoómotkh, OTHeceHHoň κ cpeflHeň flJIHHe μηγημτηοη u ; enn.

PncyHOK 2 noKa3biBaeT flpyryw BO3MÓ»HOCTb flnn ynpaBneHHH ΑΗφφθρβΗΑηπηΒΗΜΜ ycn-JiHTeneM 7. Πρκ 3τομ ημθιοτ oóa τρβΗεφορΜβτορβ 1; 2, κειχαηη, eme no αοποπηη-TenbHOň BTOpHHHOň OÓMOTKe 9; 10, KOTOpbie MOryT ÓblTb o6o3HaneHbI K3K HHflHKa-TopHbie oómotkh. HnflHKaTopHbie oómotkh 9; 10 coeflHHeHbí οαηημη hx κοπη,βΜΗ flpyrc npyroM, h KaxAbtíi flpyroň KOHey oómotkh noflcoeflHHen ko BXOflaM πΗφφερεΗΐχΗαπΒ-Horo ycHíiHTena 7. C noMombio TaKOň cxeMbi ΑΗφφβρβΗΐίΗβπΒΗΗΗ ycHJiHTenb 7 ynpaB-JIHeTCH pa3HOCTblO HHflyKflHft, BO3HHKaraHeň MEXfly OÓOHMH Τρ8ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3ΜΗ. 3τοHBJíHeTCH oflHoň H3 BO.3MOXHOCTeň, KOTopaa ocoóeHHo npHHHMaeTCB b pacneT npHóonbniHx CHJiax Toxa, ec/iH cJioxeH pacneT κοβΦΦηαηθητη τρ8ΗθφορΜ3ηΗΗ Meayjy το-kom b nepBHMHoň οόΜοτκε 5 nepBoro TpaHcAopMaTopa 1 η tokom, προτεκβιοίΟΗΜ noBTOpHHHblM OÓMOTK3M 3; 4.PncyHOK 2 noKa3biBaeT flpyryw BO3MÓ »HOCTb flnn ynpaBneHHH ΑΗφφθρβΗΑηπηΒΗΜΜ ycn-JiHTeneM 7. Πρκ 3τομ ημθιοτ oóa τρβΗεφορΜβτορβ 1; 2, κειχαηη, eme no αοποπηη-Tenbhoňn BTOpHHOHO OÓMOTKe 9; 10, KOTOpbie MOryT ÓblTb o6o3HaneHbI K3K HHflHKa-TopHbie oómotkh. HnflHKaTopHbie oómotkh 9; 10 coeflHHeHbí οαηημη hx κοπη, βΜΗ flpyrc npyroM h KaxAbtíi flpyroň Kohei oómotkh noflcoeflHHen BXOflaM πΗφφερεΗΐχΗαπΒ co-Horo ycHíiHTena seventh C noMombio TaKOň cxeMbi ΑΗφφβρβΗΐίΗβπΒΗΗΗ ycHJiHTenb ynpaB 7-JIHeTCH pa3HOCTblO HHflyKflHft, BO3HHKaraHeň MEXfly OÓOHMH Τρ8ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3ΜΗ. 3τοHBJíHeTCH oflHoň H3 BO.3MOXHOCTeň, KOTopaa ocoóeHHo npHHHMaeTCB b Pacnet npHóonbniHx CHJiax Toxa, EC / H cJioxeH Pacnet κοβΦΦηαηθητη τρ8ΗθφορΜ3ηΗΗ Meayjy το-b kom nepBHMHoň οόΜοτκε 5 nepBoro TpaHcAopMaTopa flux η 1, προτεκβιοίΟΗΜ noBTOpHHHblM OÓMOTK3M 3; 4.

Taicxe, npH Óonbninx CHJiax TOKa, mojkgt npHMeHHTbCH cxeMa, He npeflCTaBJíeHHanna pHcyHKax, y κοτρροή HHflHKaTopHbie oómotkh coeflHHeHbí flpyr c apyroM b oflHyTOKOByfO nenb, H BXOflbl ηηφφθρβΗηΗΘΛΒΗΟΓΟ yCHJlHTenH nOflKjnOHaiOTCH K oóohm toh-K3M ΟΟβρ,ΗΗβΗΗΗ.Taicxe, NPH Óonbninx CHJiax Tokai mojkgt npHMeHHTbCH cxeMa, Ile npeflCTaBJíeHHanna pHcyHKax y κοτρροή HHflHKaTopHbie oómotkh coeflHHeHbí flpyr c apyroM b oflHyTOKOByfO nenb H BXOflbl ηηφφθρβΗηΗΘΛΒΗΟΓΟ yCHJlHTenH nOflKjnOHaiOTCH K Ooh toh-K3M ΟΟβρ, ΗΗβΗΗΗ.

Ha pHcyHKe 3 npHBefleHa cxeMa, μοαηΦηαηροβ3ηη3η απη H3MepeHHň ποοτοηηηογο to-Ka. KaxAbiň H3 oóohx τρβΗθφορΜ3τοροΒ I ;2 BbinonneH c flononHHT-ejibHOH οόΜοτκοή11;12, κοτορωβ πητημτοη οτ reHepaTopa nacTOT 13. TeM caMHM Β03ΗΗΚ3βτ b TpaHC"φορΜ3τορ3χ 1;2 BO3óywn;eHHe. Πρκ OTcyTCTBHH toio nepe3 nepBHHHyw οόΜοτκγ 5ΠθρΒΟΓΟ ΤρΗΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3 1, BO3ÓyKfleHHH B MarHHTHbIX η,βΠΗΧ Τρ3ΗθφθρΜ3ΤθρθΒ 1 ;2paeHbí, T.e. HanpHxeHHe Mexfly KJieMMaMH ΑΗφφερβΗηΗβηΒΗΟΓΟ ycHJiHTejiH 7 paBHOHynio, h no nepBHHHOH οόΜοτκε 6 βτορογο τρεπεφορΜατορα 2 He npoTeKaeT tok. Πρη flononHHTenbHOM ynpaBJíeHHH τρΗΗοφορΜβτορα 1 c noMombio Toxa nepea nepBHn-Hyto oóMOTKy 5, H3MeHHeTCH HanpHxceHHe MejKfly xneMMaMH ΑΗφφερεΗΑΗ3ΠΒΗ0Γ0 ycHJiH-TenH 7, h no nepBHnnoH οόΜοτκε 6 βτορογο τρβΗεφορΜατορε 2 Tenet tok, cpefl-Hee 3HaneHHe κοτοροτο coOTBeTCTByeT TOKy nepBHHHoft oómotkh 5 nepBoro TpaHc-φορΜετορβ 1.Ha pHcyHKe 3 npHBefleHa cxeMa, μοαηΦηαηροβ3ηη3η απη H3MepeHHn ποοτοηηηογο to-Ka. KaxAbiň H3 oóohx τρβΗθφορΜ3τοροΒ I; BbinonneH 2-c flononHHT ejibHOH οόΜοτκοή11; 12 κοτορωβ πητημτοη οτ reHepaTopa nacTOT 13th those Camhi Β03ΗΗΚ3βτ b TpaHC "φορΜ3τορ3χ 1, 2 BO3óywn; ehhe. Πρκ OTcyTCTBHH toio nepe3 nepBHHHyw οόΜοτκγ 5ΠθρΒΟΓΟ ΤρΗΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3 1 BO3ÓyKfleHHH B MarHHTHbIX η, βΠΗΧ Τρ3ΗθφθρΜ3ΤθρθΒ 1; 2paeHbí that HanpHxeHHe Mexfly KJieMMaMH ΑΗφφερβΗηΗβηΒΗΟΓΟ ycHJiHTejiH 7 paBHOHynio h but nepBHHHOH οόΜοτκε 6 βτορογο τρεπεφορΜατορα 2 HE npoTeKaeT flow. Πρη flononHHTenbHOM ynpaBJíeHHH τρΗΗοφορΜβτορα 1 c noMombio Toxa NEP nepBHn-Hyto oóMOTKy 5 H3MeHHeTCH HanpHxceHHe MejKfly xneMMaMH ΑΗφφερεΗΑΗ3ΠΒΗ0Γ0 ycHJiH -TenH 7, h no nepBHnnoH 6 βτορογο τρβΗεφορΜατορε 2 Tenet flow, cpefl-Hee 3HaneHHe κοτοροτο coOTBeTCTByeT TOKy nepBHHHoft oómotkh 5 nepBoro TpaHc-φορΜε ορβ first

Ha pHcyHKe 4 npHBefleHa cxeMa, y κοτοροϊί ajih πρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ β 3βτομ3τη3ηροβ3ηημχH3MepHTeJIbHhIX yCTaHOBXaX h/hJIH ΑΠΗ ΑΗφρΟΒΟή OÓpaÓOTKH CHrHanpB, BO3MO3KHO npe-oÓpa3osaHHe πθρβηηηογο Toxa b BejiHUHHy ποοτοηηηογο Toxa. flna 3Tóro noflxjnona-eTCH nepBHHHaa oómotxs 6 βτορογο τρ8ΗοφορΜ3τορ3 2 nocneflOBaTenbHo c βηπρημη-TejIbHblM MOCTOM 14 C HHflHK3TOpOM riOCTOHHHOrO TOKa 15. BbinpHMHTejIbHblň MOCT 14ΜΟΧΘΤ ÓblTb ΒΜΠΟΠΗΘΗ B BHfle MOCTOBOH CXeMbl ΓρβίΧΗ. TaK K3K flJlH noňyneHHH OflHHa-ΚΟΒΟΓΟ BO3ÓyiKfleHHH Β ΤρεΗθφθρΜ3ΤΟρ3Χ 1 ;2 ΠΟ nepBHUHOÍI OÓMOTKe 6 βτορογοΤρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3 2 flOJDKeH ΠρΟΤβΚΗΤΒ TOK, KOTOpblft COOTBeTCTByeT TOKy Β ΠβρΒΗΧ-Hoň OÓMOTKe 5 nepBoro τρΗΗοφορΜβτορβ 1 η κοτορωίί He 33βηοητ οτ flonoJiHHTeflb“Hbix 3jieMeHTOB cxeMbi b BbixoflHoň nenH ΑΗφφερεΗΑΗθΗΒΗΟΓΟ ycHJiHTejiH 7, το tok ne-pe3 HHflHKaTop ποοτοηηηογο TOKa 15 npeflCTaBíineT coóoň BbmpHMneHHoe 3HaneHHenepeMeHHoro Toxa nepe3 nepBHHHyw oÓMOTXy 6 βτορογο τρ3ΗοφορΜ8Τορ3 2 h He3aBHC|iT οτ xapaKTepHCTHKH npHMeHxeMbix BbiripnMHTejibHbix αηοαοβ. B CBH3H c MHOronpOBOflHbJMH CHCTeMaMH MO3KCT ÓblTb HeOÓXOflHMbJM ΒΜΠΟΠΗΗΤΒ nepBblňτρΗΗϋφορΜΑτορ 1 β BHfle τρ3ΗοφορΜ3Τθρ3 HyfleBoro TOKa. CornacHo pncyHKy 5 cpefl-HHH HaMarHHHHBaHXHaH CHJia Β ΤρθΗεφορΜβΤΟρε 1, OTHeceHHaH K flJIHHe MarHHTHOň 255502 5 μβΠΗ, nonynaeTcH Ha ocnose tokob b HecKonbKux nepBHMHbix οθΜοτκβχ 16 riepBoroTpaHctfiopMaTopa 1. Οοοτβθτοτβθηηο, cpefluan HaMarHHHUBaromaa cHJia βτορογο Tpanc-φορΜβτορβ 2, OTHeceHHaa κ flJiHHe MarHHTHoň nerm, ycTaHaBJíHBaeTCH c noMomhiotok3 b nepBHHHoň οδΜοτκβ 6 βτορογο TpaHc<J)OpMaTopa 2, T.e. tok b nepemiHoňο6μοτκθ 6 cooTBGTCTByeT, c yneTOM 3H3kob, cyMMe tokob b nepBnnnbix oGmot-Kax 16.Ha pHcyHKe 4 npHBefleHa cxeMa y κοτοροϊί ajih πρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ β 3βτομ3τη3ηροβ3ηημχH3MepHTeJIbHhIX yCTaHOBXaX h / hJIH ΑΠΗ ΑΗφρΟΒΟή OÓpaÓOTKH CHrHanpB, BO3MO3KHO NPE-oÓpa3osaHHe πθρβηηηογο b BejiHUHHy ποοτοηηηογο Toxa Toxa. flna 3Tóro noflxjnona etch nepBHHHaa oómotxs 6 βτορογο τρ8ΗοφορΜ3τορ3 2 nocneflOBaTenbHo βηπρημη C-14 C TejIbHblM MOCTOM HHflHK3TOpOM riOCTOHHHOrO Tokai 15th BbinpHMHTejIbHblň MOCT 14ΜΟΧΘΤ ÓblTb ΒΜΠΟΠΗΘΗ B BHfle MOCTOBOH CXeMbl ΓρβίΧΗ. TaK K3K flJlH noňyneHHH OflHHa-ΚΟΒΟΓΟ BO3ÓyiKfleHHH Β ΤρεΗθφθρΜ3ΤΟρ3Χ 1; 2 ΠΟ nepBHUHOÍI OÓMOTKe 6 βτορογοΤρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3 2 flOJDKeH ΠρΟΤβΚΗΤΒ flow KOTOpblft COOTBeTCTByeT Tokyo Β ΠβρΒΗΧ-hon OÓMOTKe 5 nepBoro τρΗΗοφορΜβτορβ 1 η κοτορωίί He 33βηοητ οτ flonoJiHHTeflb "Hbix 3jieMeHTOB cxeMbi b BbixoflHoň nenH ΑΗφφερεΗΑΗθΗΒΗΟΓΟ ycHJiHTejiH 7 το flow nepe3 HHflHKaTop ποοτοηηηογο Tokai 15 npeflCTaBíineT coóoň BbmpHMneHHoe 3HaneHHenepeMeHHoro Toxa nepe3 nepBHHHyw oÓMOTXy 6 βτορογο τρ3ΗοφορΜ8Τορ3 2h He3aBHC | iT οτ xapaKTepHCTHKH npHMeHxeMbix BbiripnMHTejibHbix αηοαοβ. B CBH3H c MHOronPOBOflHbJMH CHCTeMaMH MO3KCT ÓblTb HeOÓXOflHMbJM ΒΜΠΟΠΗΗΤΒ nepBblňτρΗΗϋφορΜΑτορ 1 β BHfle τρ3ΗοφορΜ3Τθρ3 HyfleBoro TOKa. CornacHo pncyHKy cpefl 5-HHH HaMarHHHHBaHXHaH CHJia Β ΤρθΗεφορΜβΤΟρε 1 OTHeceHHaH K flJIHHe MarHHTHOň 255502 5 μβΠΗ, nonynaeTcH Ha ocnose tokob b HecKonbKux nepBHMHbix οθΜοτκβχ 16 riepBoroTpaHctfiopMaTopa first Οοοτβθτοτβθηηο, cpefluan HaMarHHHUBaromaa cHJia βτορογο Tpanc φορΜβτορβ-2 OTHeceHHaa κ flJiHHe MarHHTHoň Nermo, ycTaHaBJíHBaeTCH c noMomhiotok3 b nepBHHHoň οδΜοτκβ 6 βτορογο TpaHc <J) OpMaTopa 2, Te flux b nepemiHoNo 6 cooTBGTCTByeT, c yneTOM 3H3kob, cyMMe tokob b nepBnnnbix oGmot-Kax 16.

Ha pHcyHKe 6 npnBeflena cxeMa, y κοτοροϋ npe^ycMOTpeH p,nn p a3p,eneiMH ποτβιι-UnanoB Mexfly gn4><i>epéHiíHajit>Hi>iM ycmiHTejieM 7 n H3MepnTenbHofi yeribio eme orhhΤρβΗϋφορΜβΤΟρ 17. 3τσ HBJIHeTCH OCOÓeHHO TOrfta BbirOflHblM, eCJIH H3MepHTenbHOeyCTpoflCTBO COrnaCHO Η3θ6ρεΤβΗΗΚ> flOJDKHO npHMeHHThCH B CxeMaX, ΓΒ,ε HMeeTCHHeCKOJlbKO H3MepHTeJIbHbJX SBeHbeB, a yCHJ7HT6JTH rajlbBaHHHSCKH CBH3aHbI Hepe3BcnoMoraTenbHbiň hctohhhk 3HeprnH, hjih we cxeMa ycHJiHTena HaxoflHTCH no# no-TenuHajioM, κοτορωή OTJiHHaeTCH κβκ οτ noTeHii,najia H3MepneMoro tokh, Tax h otnOTeHimaJia npeo6pa3OBaHHOiO TOKa. H3MepHTenbHaH n,enb TeM caMbiM pasbeflHHeHa.H3o6peTeHne mojkho πρημθηητβ TaKJKe κ yxce BCTpoeHHbíM b ycTaHOBKH τρβΗοφορΜβτο-paM Toxa. CooTBeTCTBytonwň TpaHc<l>opMaTOp τοκβ npencTaBnaeT coóoň Torna nepBbtňΤρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ 1,Ha pHcyHKe 6 npnBeflena cxeMa y ^ κοτοροϋ NPE ycMOTpeH p nn p 3p, eneiMH ποτβιι-UnanoB Mexfly gn4> <i> epéHiíHajit> Hi> 7 n M ycmiHTejieM H3MepnTenbHofi yeribio EME orhhΤρβΗϋφορΜβΤΟρ 17th 3τσ HBJIHeTCH OCOÓeHHO TOrfta BbirOflHblM, eCJIH H3MepHTenbHOeyCTpoflCTBO COrnaCHO Η3θ6ρεΤβΗΗΚ> flOJDKHO npHMeHHThCH B CxeMaX, ΓΒ, ε HMeeTCHHeCKOJlbKO H3MepHTeJIbHbJX SBeHbeB and yCHJ7HT6JTH rajlbBaHHHSCKH CBH3aHbI Hepe3BcnoMoraTenbHbiň hctohhhk 3HeprnH, we hjih cxeMa ycHJiHTena HaxoflHTCH no no-# TenuHajioM, κοτορωή OTJiHHaeTCH κβκ οτ noTeHii will eat H3MepneMoro Tokhi, Tax otnOTeHimaJia npeo6pa3OBaHHOiO TOKAI h. H3MepHTenbHaH n, enb TeM caMbiM pasbeflHHeHa.H3o6peTeHne mine πρημθηητβ TaKJKe κ yxce BCTpoeHHbiM b ycTaHOBKH τρβΗοφορΜβτο-paM Toxa. CooTBeTCTBytonwn TpaHc <l> opMaTOp τοκβ npencTaBnaeT coóoň Torna nepBbtňΤρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ 1,

TeM caMbiM cymecTBeHHo hobmchtch, κροΜβ KpaftHe yjiyunjeHHoň tohhocth H3MepeHHH, ·KpaTHOCTb nepBHUHOrO TOKa Τρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3 TOKa. IIpeflMeTbi Η3οδρετβΗΗΗ: 1. H3MepHTeJibHoe ycTpoňcŤBO flJiH sneKTpHHecKHX tokob, oTjiHHaiomeecH τβΜ, htooho coctoht H3 flByx τρβΗοφορΜΒΤοροΒ’(1; 2), nepenaTOHHbie, xapaKTepHCTHKHKOTOpbix, no KpaůHeň Mepe, oflHHaKOBbi, ΒτορπΗΗκιε oÓmotkh (3; 4) κοτορωχBKraoneHbí naBCTpeny flpyr npyry, MecTa coeflHHeHHň 3thx BTopunHbix oómotoknoflKjnoneHbí ko Bxony ηκτηβηογο neTbipexnonrocHHKa (7) , b to BpeMH κβκ nep-ΒΗΗΗβΗ O0MOTKa (5) Τρ3ΗθφθρΜΘΤθρ3 (1) ΠΟβΚΗΚΙΗΘΗΗ K HCTOHHHKy H3MepH6MO“ro TOKa, a nepBHHHaH o6motk3 (6) τρ3ΗεφορΜ3τορπ (2) coenHHeHa c BbixonoMaKTHBHoro HeTbipexnojHocHHKa (7). 2. HaMepHTeJibHoe ycTpoňcTBO no npenMeTy Η3θόρετβΗΗΗ I, OTnnnaroineecH těm, htoaKTHBHhiň neTbipexnoniocHHK (7) npencTaBnneT coóoň n,K^í>epeHHnanbHbiň ycn.nn-Tenb, Bxoflbí κοτοροΓΟ noflKnwneHbí κ τοηκημ coenHHeHHH o6onx btophmhhx oómo-tok (3; 4). 3. UsMepHTenbHoe ycTpoňcTBO no πρββΜβτγ Η3θόρβτβΗΗΗ 1 , OTJinnaromeecH τθμ, ητοKawfíbiň na τρ3ΗθφορΜ3τοροΒ (I; 2) HMeeT eme OflHy BTopnuHyro oóMOTKy (9; 10), KOTopbie coeflHHeHH thkhm o6pa3OM OTHOCHTenbHo flpyr flpyra, mto oahhKOHUJbl OÓMOTOK COeflHHeHbl raJIbBaHHHeCKH, H BTOpbie KOHIÍbl OÓMOTOK nOflKJWneHblko BXOflaM aKTHBHoro nerapexnojnocHuKa (7). 4. UsMepHTejibHoe ycTpoňcTBO no npenMeTy Η3οόρετεΗΗΗ 1, OTnunaioineecH TeM, htoΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρ (1) BbinOJIHeH B BHfle OflHOBHTKOBOTO Τρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3 TOKa HaKOJibneBOM cepflenHHKe·. 5. HsMepnTenbHoe ycTpoňcTBO no npenMeTy Η3θόρετεΗΗΗ 1, OTnnnaiomeecH τθμ, htoflJIH H3MepeHHH ΠΟΟΤΟΗΗΗΟΓΟ TOKa O6a ΤρβΗοφΟρΜΗΤΟρε ( 1 } 2) ΗΜΘ10Τ η,ΟΠΟΠΗΗ“TenbHO eme no oflHoň οόΜΟτκε (11; 12), MecTa coeflHHeHHH κοτσρωχ noflKJimneHbíκ reHepaTopy qacTOT (13).TeM caMbiM cymecTBeHHo hobmchtch, κροΜβ KpaftHe yjiyunjeHHoo jejhocth H3MepeHHH, · KpaTHOCTb TOKa Τρ3ΗθφθρΜ3Τθρ3 TOKa. IIpeflMeTbi Η3οδρετβΗΗΗ 1. H3MepHTeJibHoe ycTpoňcŤBO flJiH sneKTpHHecKHX tokob, oTjiHHaiomeecH τβΜ, htooho coctoht flByx τρβΗοφορΜΒΤοροΒ H3 '(1; 2) nepenaTOHHbie, xapaKTepHCTHKHKOTOpbix, well KpaůHeň Mepe, oflHHaKOBbi, ΒτορπΗΗκιε oÓmotkh (3; 4) κοτορωχBKraoneHbí naBCTpeny flpyr N pyr, MECT coeflHHeHHň 3thx BTopunHbix oómotoknoflKjnoneHbí co Bxony ηκτηβηογο neTbipexnonrocHHKa (7), b it BpeMH κβκ NEP ΒΗΗΗβΗ O0MOTKa (5) Τρ3ΗθφθρΜΘΤθρ3 (1) ΠΟβΚΗΚΙΗΘΗΗ K HCTOHHHKy H3MepH6MO "ro Tokay and nepBHHHaH o6motk3 (6) τρ3ΗεφορΜ3τορπ (2) coenHHeHa c BbixonoMaKTHBHoro HeTbipexnojHocHHKa (7 ). Second HaMepHTeJibHoe ycTpoňcTBO no npenMeTy Η3θόρετβΗΗΗ I OTnnnaroineecH those htoaKTHBHhiň neTbipexnoniocHHK (7) npencTaBnneT coóoň n, k ^ i> epeHHnanbHbiň ycn.nn-Tenby Bxoflbí κοτοροΓΟ noflKnwneHbí κ τοηκημ coenHHeHHH o6onx btophmhhx oómo-flow (3; 4). Third UsMepHTenbHoe ycTpoňcTBO well πρββΜβτγ Η3θόρβτβΗΗΗ 1 OTJinnaromeecH τθμ, ητοKawfíbiň on τρ3ΗθφορΜ3τοροΒ (I, 2) HMeeT EME OflHy BTopnuHyro oóMOTKy (9; 10), KOTopbie coeflHHeHH thkhm o6pa3OM OTHOCHTenbHo flpyr flpyra MTO oahhKOHUJbl OÓMOTOK COeflHHeHbl raJIbBaHHHeCKH H BTOpbie KOHIÍbl OÓMOTOK nOflKJWneHblko BXOflaM aKTHBHoro nerapexycin (7). 4. Fifth HsMepnTenbHoe ycTpoňcTBO well npenMeTy Η3θόρετεΗΗΗ 1 OTnnnaiomeecH τθμ, htoflJIH H3MepeHHH ΠΟΟΤΟΗΗΗΟΓΟ Tokai O6a ΤρβΗοφΟρΜΗΤΟρε (1} 2) ΗΜΘ10Τ η, ΟΠΟΠΗΗ "TenbHO EME no oflHoň οόΜΟτκε (11; 12), MECT coeflHHeHHH κοτσρωχ noflKJimneHbíκ reHepaTopy qacTOT (13).

6. HsMepHTeJihHoe ycTpoňcTBO no npe^MeTy Η3θόρετεΗΗΗ 1, oraímaiomeecH τθμ, ητο .nocneflOBaTenbHo c nepBHHHOň oómotkoh (6) TpaHcýopMaTOpa (2) rtonKjiroqaeTCH 255502 6 HHflHKaTOp ΠερεΜβΗΗΟΓΟ T0K3 (8) «/«JIH BbinpHMHTeJIhHblft MOCT (14) C HHflHKaTO-POM nocTOflHHoro τοκβ. (15). 7. H3MepnTenbHoe ycTpoňcTBO no npeflMeTy Μ3θ6ρβτβΗΗ» 1, OTmmaromeecH τβΜ, mtoτρβκεφορΜάτορ (1) ΒΜΠΟΠΗβΗ b BHne TpaHcifcopMaTopa Hynesoro τοκβ. 8. H3MepnTejitHoe ycTpoftcTBO no npe^MeTy Η3ο6ρετβΗΗΗ 1, OTJiHuawmeeca τβΜ, ητοnpeflycMOTpeH eme ο,ηΗΗ τρβΗοφορΜβτορ (17), nepBHnHaa οβΜοτκβ κοτοροΐ’ο nop,-κπιοΒβΗβ κ aKTHBHOMy yeTbipexnomocHHKy (7), a ero BTOpHUHaa o6motk3 coeflHHe-na nocnefloBaTejibHo c nepBHHHoft οδΜοτκοΰ (6) τρβΗεφορΜβτορβ (2).Sixth HsMepHTeJihHoe ycTpoňcTBO well NPE-methyl Η3θόρετεΗΗΗ 1 oraímaiomeecH τθμ, ητο .nocneflOBaTenbHo c nepBHHHOň oómotkoh (6) TpaHcýopMaTOpa (2) 6 255 502 rtonKjiroqaeTCH HHflHKaTOp ΠερεΜβΗΗΟΓΟ T0K3 (8) "/" SOUTH BbinpHMHTeJIhHblft MOCT (14) C-POM HHflHKaTO nocTOflHHoro τοκβ. (15). 7. H3MepnTenbHoe ycTm3cTBO no npeflMeTy Μ3θ6ρβτβΗΗ »1, OTmmaromeecH τβΜ, mtoτρβκεφορΜάτορ (1) ΟΠΟΠΗβΗ b BHne TpaHcifcopMaTopa Hynesoro τοκβ. 8th H3MepnTejitHoe ycTpoftcTBO well NPE-methyl Η3ο6ρετβΗΗΗ 1 OTJiHuawmeeca τβΜ, ητοnpeflycMOTpeH EME ο, ηΗΗ τρβΗοφορΜβτορ (17) nepBHnHaa οβΜοτκβ κοτοροΐ'ο NOP -κπιοΒβΗβ κ aKTHBHOMy yeTbipexnomocHHKy (7) and ero BTOpHUHaa o6motk3 coeflHHe-on nocnefloBaTejibHo c nepBHHHoft οδ τοτκοΰ (5) τρβΗεφορΜβτορβ (2).

AHHOTAHHH B ocHOBy Η3θ6ρετβΗΗΗ nojiojtceHa sahana, coo6mnTJt> o ycTpoňcTBe pfla H3MepeHHH3íieKTpnMecKnx -τοκοβ, κοτοροβ o6ecnennBaeT npn Manbix MaTepnanbHbix saTpaTaxoMenb Bbicoxyio TOMHocTb H3MepeHHH Taxxe b HHanaaoHe τοκβ neperpysKH. CornacHOΗ3ο6ρετβΗΗΚ) 3Ta 3a^aMa peraaeTCH npn noMomn flByx τρβηοφορΜβτοροΒ, BTopmíHbieo6motkh xoTopbix coeflHHeHbí b oflHy ToxoByro nenb, npnneM uepea nepBHUHyio o6mot-xy nepBoro τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ προτβκββτ HSMepHTenbHbiň tok, a no nepeiratoň o6mot-Κβ ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ ΤρβΗϋφΟρΜβΤΟρβ προτβκββτ TOK, npOnOpUHOHajIbHblň H3Mep«eM0My TOKyT3KHM 06pa30M, MTO ΠβρΒΗΜΗ3Η OÓMOTKH ΠβρΒΟΓΟ ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρβ ΠΗΤββΤϋΗ aKTHB“HbiM ^eTbipexnoniocHHKOM, ynpaBJíaeMbiM οτ pa3H0CTH BejnmnH b tokoboíí qenn.Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗβ npHMeHHeTCH B npOHSBOflCTBe HSMepHTeJIbHblX ΤρβΗΟφορΜΘΤΟρΟΒ. ΠρΗ3Η3Η0 Η3θ6ρβΤΘΗΗβΜ ΠΟ pe3ynbT3TaM 3KCnepTH3bI, OCymeCTBJíeHHOft BeAOMCTBOMno AenaM ΗβοδρβτβΗΗή h nareHTOB TflP. 2 MepTexa 255502 'AHHOTAHHH B ocHOBy Η3θ6ρετβΗΗΗ nojiojtceHa Sahana, coo6mnTJt> about ycTpoňcTBe pflA H3MepeHHH3íieKTpnMecKnx -τοκοβ, κοτοροβ o6ecnennBaeT npn Manbix MaTepnanbHbix saTpaTaxoMenb Bbicoxyio TOMHocTb H3MepeHHH taxxi b HHanaaoHe τοκβ neperpysKH. CornacHOΗ3ο6ρετβΗΗΚ) 3TA 3aR AMA peraaeTCH npn noMomn flByx τρβηοφορΜβτοροΒ, BTopmíHbieo6motkh xoTopbix coeflHHeHbí b oflHy ToxoByro nenb, npnneM uepea nepBHUHyio o6mot xy-nepBoro τρβΗοφορΜβτορβ προτβκββτ HSMepHTenbHbiň flow, and no nepeiratoň o6mot-Κβ ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ ΤρβΗϋφΟρΜβΤΟρβ προτβκββτ flow npOnOpUHOHajIbHblň H3Mep «eM0My TOKyT3KHM 06pa30M, MTO ΠβρΒΗΜΗ3Η OÓMOTKH ΠβρΒΟΓΟ ΤρβΗΟφορΜβΤΟρβ ΠΗΤββΤϋΗ aKTHB "HbiM ^ eTbipexnoniocHHKOM, ynpaBJíaeMbiM οτ pa3H0CTH BejnmnH b tokoboíí qenn.Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗβ npHMeHHeTCH b npOHSBOflCTBe HSMepHTeJIbHblX ΤρβΗΟφορΜΘΤΟρΟΒ. Πρθ3Η3Η0 Η3θ6ρβΤΘΗΗβΜ ΠΟ pe3ynbT3TaM 3KCnepTH3bI, OCymeCTBJeHHOft BeAOMCTBOMno AenaM ΗβοδρβτβΗΗή h nareHTOB TflP. 2 MepTexa 255502 '

Claims (8)

PŘEDMĚT VYNÁLEZUOBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. Měřicí zařízení elektrických proudů, vyznačující se tím,že se skládá ze dvou transformátorů (1, 2), jejichž přeno-sové charakteristiky jsou v krajní míře stejné, jejichžsekundární vinutí (3, 4) jsou zapojeny proti sobě, místaspojů těchto sekundárních vinutí jsou připojena na vstupaktivního čtyřpolu (7), tehdy kdy primární vinuti (5)traksformátoru (1) je připojeno ke zdroji měřeného prou-du a primární vinutí (6) transformátoru (2) je spojenos výstupem aktivního čtyřpolu (7).1. Electrical current measuring device, characterized in that it comprises two transformers (1, 2) whose transmission characteristics are extremely similar, whose secondary windings (3, 4) are connected to each other, the locations of these secondary windings. they are connected to an inactive quadruple (7), when the primary winding (5) of the traction unit (1) is connected to the source of the measured current and the primary winding (6) of the transformer (2) is the connection of the output of the active quadrupole (7). 2. Měřicí zařízení podle bodu 1, vyznačující se tím, žeaktivní čtyřpol (7) představuje vlastně diferenciálnízesilovač, jehož vstupy jsou připojeny k místům spojůobou sekundárních vinutí (3,4).2. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactive four-pole (7) is actually a differential amplifier whose inputs are connected to the points by connecting the secondary windings (3,4). 3. Měřicí zařízení podle bodu 1, vyznačující se tím, žekaždý z transformátorů (1, 2) má ještě jedno sekundárnívinutí (9, 10), která jsou spojena vůči sobě tak, abyjedny konce obou vinutí byly spojeny galvanicky a druhékonce obou vinutí byly připojeny na vstupy aktivního čtyř-polu (7).3. A measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the transformers (1, 2) has one secondary winding (9, 10) which are connected to each other so that one end of both windings is connected galvanically and the other end of both windings are connected to the active four-pole inputs (7). 4. Měřicí zařízení podle bodu 1, vyznačující se tím, žetransformátor (1) je proveden ve tvaru jednozávitovéhotransformátoru proudu na prstencovém jádře.4. A measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the transformer (1) is in the form of a single thread current transformer on the annular core. 5. Měřicí zařízení podle bodu 1, vyznačující se tím, žek měření stejnosměrného proudu oba transformátory (1, 2) 255502 8 mají dodatečně ještě jedno vinutí (11, 12) jejich spojejsou připojeny ke kmitočtovému generátoru (13).5. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein both the transformers (1, 2) 255502 8 have one more winding (11, 12) connected to the frequency generator (13). 6. Měřicí zařízení podle bodu 1, vyznačující ee tím, žesériově s primárním vinutím (6) transformátoru (2) se při-pojuje Indikátor střídavého proudu (8) a/nebo usměrňovačimůstek (14) s indikátorem stejnosměrného proudu (15).6. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein an alternating current indicator (8) and / or a rectifier bridge (14) with a direct current indicator (15) are connected to the primary winding (6) of the transformer (2) in series. 7. Měřicí zařízení podle bodu 1, vyznačující se tím, žetransformátor (1) je proveden ve tvaru transformátoru nulo-vého proudu.7. A measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transformer (1) is in the form of a transformer of a neutral current. 8. Měřicí zařízení podle bodu 1, vyznačující se tím, že je uvažován ještě jeden transformátor (17)» jehož primárnívinutí je připojeno k aktivnímu čtyřpólu (7)» a jeho sekun-dární vinutí je spojeno sériově s primárním vinutím (6)transformátoru (2). 255502A measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a further transformer (17) is provided whose primary winding is connected to an active quadrupole (7) and its secondary winding is connected in series with the primary winding (6) of the transformer ( 2). 255502
CS807420A 1979-11-30 1980-11-03 Electric currents measuring device CS255502B1 (en)

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DD79217290A DD157981A3 (en) 1979-11-30 1979-11-30 MEASURING ARRANGEMENT FOR ELECTRIC STROEME

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AT (1) ATE6699T1 (en)
BG (1) BG34868A1 (en)
CS (1) CS255502B1 (en)
DD (1) DD157981A3 (en)
DE (1) DE3067017D1 (en)
HU (1) HU190346B (en)
PL (1) PL133866B1 (en)
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DE3435267C2 (en) * 1984-09-26 1986-10-30 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Current measuring device
GB8805245D0 (en) * 1988-03-04 1988-04-07 Cambridge Consultants Active current transformer
GB2282893A (en) * 1993-10-13 1995-04-19 Qifeng Xu External simulator of current transformers
EP1930735A1 (en) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-11 HÜTTINGER Elektronik GmbH + Co. KG Method and device for measuring alternating current

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DE603514C (en) * 1927-06-01 1934-10-02 Siemens & Halske Akt Ges Dry plate rectifier arrangement with upstream amplifier, especially for measuring purposes
US2358480A (en) * 1942-02-12 1944-09-19 Int Standard Electric Corp Current measuring device
DE1076260B (en) * 1958-06-06 1960-02-25 Hans Ritz Dr Ing Current transformer with two cores and error compensation through an electronic amplifier
DE2632377A1 (en) * 1976-07-19 1978-01-26 Friedl Richard Current measurement transducer with digital output - is suitable for digital wattmeters and uses current feedback comparison technique
DE2812303C2 (en) * 1978-03-21 1983-12-29 Deutsche Zähler-Gesellschaft Nachf. A. Stepper & Co (GmbH & Co), 2000 Hamburg Current transformer arrangement with electronic error compensation

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BG34868A1 (en) 1983-12-15
HU190346B (en) 1986-08-28
DE3067017D1 (en) 1984-04-19
YU281780A (en) 1983-10-31
CS742080A1 (en) 1987-08-13
JPS5722567A (en) 1982-02-05
PL133866B1 (en) 1985-07-31
RO79828A (en) 1982-09-09
PL228112A1 (en) 1981-09-18
SU1394153A1 (en) 1988-05-07
EP0029903B1 (en) 1984-03-14
EP0029903A1 (en) 1981-06-10
ATE6699T1 (en) 1984-03-15
JPS6411914B2 (en) 1989-02-27
DD157981A3 (en) 1982-12-22

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