CN88102182A - 4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基蒽环类的制备方法 - Google Patents
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基蒽环类的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/20—Carbocyclic rings
- C07H15/24—Condensed ring systems having three or more rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/20—Carbocyclic rings
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- C07H15/252—Naphthacene radicals, e.g. daunomycins, adriamycins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
制备抗肿瘤的蒽环苷(式I)或其可药用酸加成盐的方法(式中R1~R3的含义见说明书),其特征在于用正定霉素酮衍生物(式II)作为原料,其中4-氨基被保护。可将4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮(式II)与用于制备它的中间体:4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(IX)重氮化,再进行温和还原,分别生成4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮或4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮。可将4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮转变成具有抗肿瘤作用的另一蒽环苷:4-脱甲氧基正定霉素。
Description
本发明是关于蒽环苷类、它们的制备方法、含有它们的药用组合物以及用于制备蒽环苷类的中间体。
本发明提供具有通式(Ⅰ)的蒽环苷类及其可作药用的与酸形成的盐,
其中R1代表氢原子或羟基;R2和R3中的一个代表氢原子,另一个代表氢原子或羟基。较好的盐为盐酸盐。式(Ⅰ)化合物可以列出如下:
Ia:R1=R3=H;R2=OH
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素
Ib:R1=R2=OH;R3=H
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基阿霉素
Ic:R1=R2=H;R3=OH
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-4′-表-正定霉素
Id:R1=R3=OH;R2=H
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-4′-表-阿霉素
Ie:R1=R2=R3=H
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-4′-脱氧正定霉素
If:R1=OH;R2=R3=H
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-4′-脱氧阿霉素
式(Ⅰ)的苷类及其可作药用的与酸形成的盐可以用下述方法制备,该方法包括:
(ⅰ)使正定霉素酮(daunomycionone)衍生物(式Ⅱ)的受保护衍生物与受保护的卤代糖(式Ⅲ)反应,并且从所得产物中脱去保护基,得到例如其中R1为氢的式(Ⅰ)蒽环苷,
式Ⅱ中,4-氨基被保护,
式Ⅲ中,R′ 2和R′ 3中的一个代表氢原子,另一个代表氢原子或受保护的羟基;3-氨基被保护;Hal代表卤原子;
(ⅱ)如果需要,可以将上述式(Ⅰ)苷转变成它的可作药用的盐;
(ⅲ)如果需要,可以使上述式(Ⅰ)苷或其可作药用的盐溴化,并将所得14-溴衍生物水解,以便生成相应的式(Ⅰ)苷(其中R1为羟基);
(ⅳ)如果需要,可以将上述式(Ⅰ)苷(其中R1为羟基)转变成它的可作药用的盐。
在步骤(ⅰ)中,正定霉素酮(daunomycinone)衍生物(式Ⅱ)的受保护衍生物最好是4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮。受保护的囟代糖最好为式(Ⅳ)受保护的卤代糖,
其中R″ 2和R″ 3中的一个代表氢原子,另一个代表氢原子或三氟乙酰氧基;Hal的定义同上。Hal最好为氯原子。
4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮与受保护的卤代糖(Ⅳ)的缩合反应可以在三氟甲磺酸银存在下进行。可以应用US-A-4107423中所述的方法,得到(7S,9S)-O-三氟乙酰基保护的α-苷衍生物。将4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮溶于无水二氯甲烷中,并于5~10℃进行反应。用弱碱处理,可以除去N-保护的三氟乙酰基。
R1为氢的式(Ⅰ)蒽环苷可以按步骤(ⅱ)以其盐酸盐形式分离出。接着按US-A-4067969所述方法处理生成的4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素衍生物,得到步骤(ⅲ)所述相应的4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基阿霉素。可用甲酸钠进行水解。在步骤(ⅳ)中,生成的R1为羟基的式(Ⅰ)蒽环苷最好以其盐酸盐的形式把它分离出来。
正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ)及其受保护的衍生物(其中4-氨基被保护)也是本发明的内容。这些化合物可以按下述方法制备,该方法包括:
(a)通过氢解除去式(Ⅴ)洋红霉素酮(Carminomycinone)的7α-羟基;
(b)在N,N-二异丙基乙胺和催化量的4-二甲氨基吡啶存在下,使生成的4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅵ)与4-氟苯磺酰氯反应;
(c)使生成的4-脱甲氧基-4-O-[4-氟苯磺酰基]-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅶ)与苄胺反应;
(d)通过催化氢化,从生成的4-脱甲氧基-4-苄氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅷ)中脱去苄基;
(e)将得到的4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅸ)的4-氨基加以保护,
(f)重新把7α-羟基引入到生成的式(Ⅹ)化合物中,得正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ)的受保护衍生物(式Ⅺ);
式Ⅹ中,Ⅹ′代表氨基保护基,
式Ⅺ中,Ⅹ′的定义同上;
(g)如果需要,从受保护的衍生物(式Ⅺ)中脱去4-氨基保护基,得到正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ):
图示Ⅰ
上述方法用上面的图示Ⅰ详细说明。该方法的起始化合物为天然的洋红霉素酮(Carminomycinone)式(Ⅴ)。步骤(b)的磺酰化反应仅生成取代的C-4-O-磺酰基衍生物(Ⅶ),其余的C-6-OH和C-11-OH均不受影响。应该强调指出,仅在所述条件下,获得了未曾预料到的选择性。
反应(c)在蒽环化学中是新的反应,反应(c)可能是由于醌基团和C-4位置上的4-氟苯磺酰基拉电子作用的结果。该反应最好在四氢呋喃中于室温下进行。步骤(e)最好用三氟乙酸酐进行。因此在式(Ⅹ)和(Ⅺ)中,Ⅹ′最好代表三氟乙酰基。步骤(f)可以按照C.M.Wong等所述方法[Can.J.Chem.,51,446(J973)]进行。用乙二醇处理,可以有效地保护4-脱甲氧基-4-(受保护的氨基)-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅻ)的13-酮基;将生成的化合物7-位溴化;水解7-溴和13-缩酮基,得到4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮(式ⅩⅢ),
溴化反应一般在2,2′-偶氮双(异丁腈)存在下用溴或N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺进行。
中间体式(Ⅱ)和(Ⅸ)还可用于制备4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮或4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮。中间体4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅸ)是本发明另一方面的内容,可以按照上述步骤(a)~(d)进行制备。4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮可以转变成4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮。另外,还可以从4-脱甲氧基-正定霉素酮制备具有抗肿瘤作用的蒽环苷类。
此外,本发明还进一步提供制备4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮或4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(ⅪⅤ)的方法,
其中R4代表氢或羟基,该方法包括:将4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮或4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮(ⅩⅤ)的4-氨基重氮化,并且在温和的条件下将生成的重氮化合物还原,
其中R4的定义同上。
因此,可以将在C-4位上带有氨基的蒽环酮类化合物转变成其相应的脱氨基衍生物。起始化合物是4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮[Ⅸ(ⅩⅤa,R=H)]和4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮[Ⅱ(ⅩⅤb,R=OH)]。经过重氮化和温和条件下还原,可以脱去4-氨基,得到熟知的4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(ⅪⅤa,R=H)或4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(ⅪⅤb,R=OH)。如图示Ⅱ所示,用亚硝酸钠水溶液进行重氮化是最有效的。用次磷酸进行温和的还原是最有效的。
图示Ⅱ
用一般的方法可容易地将化合物ⅩⅤa(其中R4=H)转变成化合物ⅩⅤb(其中R4=OH)。最好使溶于37%盐酸水溶液中的4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(ⅩⅤa)或4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮(ⅩⅤb与亚硝酸钠水溶液溶液在0℃~5℃反应1小时,然后在剧烈搅拌下于室温与50%次磷酸水溶液反应5小时。反应混合物用二氯甲烷萃取,并于减压下除去溶剂。
在7-位上引入羟基,可将4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(ⅩⅣa)转变为4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(ⅩⅣb)。按照本发明,例如可以用溴或N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS),通过7-位溴化反应,然后用碱或乙酸银处理,或使生成的乙酸酯进行甲醇解,可以完成该反应,
4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(ⅩⅣb)是有用的抗肿瘤药物4-脱甲氧基正定霉素(ⅩⅥ)的糖苷配基部分。因此,本发明还提供制备4-脱甲氧基正定霉素(ⅩⅥ)或其可作药用的盐的方法,
该方法包括:使以式(ⅩⅣ)表示的4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(其中R4为羟基)与合适的糖衍生物反应,并且如果需要,可以将得到的4-脱甲氧基正定霉素转变成其可作药用的盐;4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(式ⅩⅣ,其中R4为羟基)可以按照本发明的方法由4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮制得。
糖衍生物可以为式(ⅩⅦ),
其中Hal代表卤原子,R6代表受保护的羟基,R7代表受保护的氨基。在与4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮反应之后脱去保护基。Hal最好为氯原子。羟基可以用三氟乙酰基保护。氨基也可以用三氟乙酰基保护。
本发明还提供药用组合物;该药用组合物含有药学上适用的载体或稀释剂,以及式(Ⅰ)蒽环苷或其可作药用的盐,或按上述方法制备的式(ⅩⅥ)蒽环苷或其可作药用的盐。
可采用常规的配方、载体和稀释剂。供患者药用的组合物含有治疗上有效量的苷。因此,可以通过常规的给药途径给予病人治疗上有效量的苷。
该类苷是抗肿瘤剂。通过将有代表性的一个式(Ⅰ)化合物-4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素(Ⅰa)与正定霉素(DNR)两者在体外对于对阿霉素敏感的人结肠癌细胞[记为(Lo Vo]或对于对阿霉素有抗性的人结肠腺癌细胞(记为Lo Vo/DX)的细胞毒性进行比较,评价该化合物(Ⅰa)的活性。结果列于表1。
表1 给药4小时后抑制癌细胞试验
化合物 Lo Vo Lo Vo/DX
ID50(微克/毫升) ID50(微克/毫升)
Ⅰa 0.7 99
正定霉素 50.3 1805
还测定了(Ⅰa)和正定霉(DNR)素在体内抗扩散的Gross白血病的活性。结果见表2。
表2 静脉给药+1小时
化合物 毫克/公斤 T/C% TOX
正定霉素 10 133 0/10
15 167 0/10
22.5 200 1/10
Ⅰa 1.6 183 0/10
1.9 192 0/10
2.29 200 1/10
T/C%表示(经治疗小鼠存活时间平均值/对照组小鼠存活时间平均值)×100
TOX表示中毒致死
用以下实例详细说明本发明
实例1
4-脱甲基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅵ)
将1.5克4-脱甲基正定霉素酮(Ⅴ)溶于100毫升二噁烷和100毫升乙醇的混合液中,并于室温,在0.3克5%钯-硫酸钡存在下进行氢化3小时。过滤后减压除去溶剂,得到接近定量产率的4-脱甲基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅵ)。
经硅胶F254(Merck)薄层层析,用甲苯和丙酮(9∶1,按体积计)的混合液为展开剂,Rf=0.30。
实例2
4-脱甲基-4-O-(4-氟苯磺酰基)-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅶ)
在室温和搅拌下,向1.0克4-脱甲基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅵ)在200毫升无水二氯甲烷的溶液(含0.52毫升N,N-二异丙基乙胺和催化量的4-二甲基氨基吡啶)中加入0.52克4-氟苯磺酰氯。30分钟后完成反应,反应混合物依次用0.1N盐酸水溶液和水洗涤。有机溶液用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,并在减压下除去溶剂。粗产品用少量甲苯溶解并结晶,得0.6克纯的式Ⅵ4-脱甲基-4-O-磺酸酯衍生物。母液经柱层析纯化,用甲苯和丙酮的混合液为洗脱剂,得到另外的0.3克产品。产率为80%。
经硅胶F254(Merck)薄层层析,用甲苯和丙酮(9∶1,按体积计)的混合液展开,Rf=0.26。
场解吸质谱[M+]526
紫外光谱λ最大(甲醇):524,490nm
1H核磁共振谱(200MHz,CDCl3)δ:
13.43,13.36(s,2H,11-OH,6-OH)
8.38(dd,J=1.3,7.9Hz,1H,1-H)
7.80(dd,J=7.9,8.1Hz,1H 2-H)
7.62(dd,J=1.3,8.1Hz,1H,3-H)
3.77(s,1H,9-OH)
3.1-2.8(m,4H,7-CH2,10-CH2)
2.38(s,3H,COCH3)
2.0-1.9(m,2H,8-CH2)
实例3
4-脱甲氧基-4-苄氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅷ)
将0.8克化合物Ⅶ溶于100毫升四氢呋喃中,向其中加入0.5毫升苄胺。混合物在搅拌下于40℃保持36小时,然后加入50毫升1N盐酸水溶液和100毫升二氯甲烷。有机相用水洗涤二次,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。减压除去溶剂。粗产品经快速层析法层析,以甲苯和丙酮的混合液作为洗脱剂,得0.48克4-脱甲氧基-4-苄氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅷ),产率为69%。
经硅胶F254(Merck)薄层层析,用甲苯和丙酮(9∶1,按体积计)的混合液展开,Rf=0.28。
场解吸质谱[M+]457
紫外光谱λ最大(甲醇):548nm
1H核磁共振谱(200MHz,CDCl3)δ:
13.58(s,2H,6-OH,11-OH)
9.86(t,J=5.7Hz,1H,NH-CH2Ph)
7.64(d,J=7.3Hz,1H,1-H)
7.49(dd,J=7.3,8.3Hz,1H,2-H)
7.4-7.2(m,5H,NHCH2Ph)
7.00(d,J=8.3Hz,1H,3-H)
4.60(d,J=5.7Hz,2H,NHCH2Ph)
3.1-2.9(m,4H,10-CH2,7-CH2)
2.37(s,3H,COCH3)
2.0-1.9(m,2H,8-CH2)
实例4
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅸ)
将0.45克4-脱甲氧基-4-苄氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅷ)溶于40毫升乙醇、20毫升乙酸和0.4毫升37%盐酸水溶液的混合液中。向其中加入0.2克5%钯/硫酸钡催化剂,混合物在室温和1个大气压下氢化1小时。随后滤去催化剂,减压蒸去溶剂。粗产品经快速层析法层析,用甲苯和丙酮的混合液作为洗脱剂,得0.2克4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅸ),产率为75%。
经硅胶F254(Merck)薄层层析,用甲苯和丙酮(9∶1,按体积计)的混合液展开,Rf=0.17。
场解吸质谱[M+]367
紫外λ最大(甲醇):536,508nm
1H核磁共振谱(200MHz,CDCl3)δ:
13.62,13.55(s,2H,11-OH,6-OH)
7.64(d,J=7.7Hz,1-H)
7.46(dd,J=7.7,8.3Hz,1H,2-H)
6.93(d,J=8.3Hz,1H,3-H)
6.8-7.0(宽峰,2H,NH2)
3.83(s,1H,9-OH)
3.1-2.8(m,4H,7-CH2,10-CH2)
2.37(s,3H,COCH3)
2.0-1.9(m,2H,8-CH2)
实例5
4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅻ)
将0.2克4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅸ)溶于20毫升无水二氯甲烷中,于0℃冷却,向其中加入0.3毫升三氟乙酸酐。10分钟后再加入碳酸氢钠水溶液。有机相用水洗涤二次,分出,用无水硫酸钠干燥。减压除去溶剂,得定量的化合物Ⅻ。
经硅胶F254(Merck)薄层层析,用甲苯和丙酮(9∶1,按体积计)的混合液展开,Rf=0.32。
实例6
4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮(ⅩⅢ)
在0.015克对甲苯碘酸存在下,用迪安-斯达克装置,将0.2克化合物Ⅻ、15毫升苯和0.5毫升乙二醇组成的悬浮液回流4小时。混合物冷却后,用碳酸氢钠水溶液和水依次洗涤,然后蒸发至干,得0.2克所需的缩酮。
后者于40℃溶于125毫升二氯甲烷中,并在0.25克2,2′-偶氮二异丁腈存在下用溴(1.7毫升0.6M二氯甲烷溶液)处理。
3小时后使混合物冷却,并用碳酸氢钠水溶液萃取,然后用二氯甲烷洗涤二次,减压除去溶剂。残留物于0℃溶于3毫升三氟乙酸和0.3毫升水中并搅拌1小时,再用二氯甲烷萃取。
有机相依次用碳酸氢钠水溶液和水洗涤。分出有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥并减压蒸发,得0.1克4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮(ⅩⅢ),产率为48%。
经硅胶F254(Merck)薄层层析,用二氯甲烷和丙酮(95∶5,按体积计)的混合液展开,Rf=0.23。
场解吸质谱[M+]479
实例7
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮(Ⅱ)
将0.1克4-氨基受保护的衍生物ⅩⅢ倾入20毫升甲醇和10毫升碳酸氢钠水溶液的混合液中,并搅拌1小时,然后向其中加入盐酸水溶液和二氯甲烷。分出有机层,用水洗涤,减压除去溶剂,得0.8克4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮(Ⅱ)。
经硅胶F254(Merck)薄层层析,用二氯甲烷和丙酮(95∶5,按体积计)的混合液展开,Rf=0.10。
场解吸质谱[M+]383
1H核磁共振谱(200MHz,CDCl3)δ:
14.00(s,1H,6-OH)
13.52(s,1H,11-OH)
7.64(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,1-H)
7.46(t,J=8.0Hz,1H,2-H)
6.93(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,3-H)
6.80(宽峰,2H,4-NH2)
5.32(ddd,J=2.0,4.8,4.8Hz,1H,7-H)
4.54(s,1H,9-OH)
3.74(d,J=4.8Hz,1H,7-OH)
3.17(dd,J=2.0,19.0Hz,1H,10e-H)
2.92(d,J=19.0Hz,1H,10ax-H)
2.45(s,3H,COCH3)
2.35(ddd,J=2.0,2.0,15.0Hz,1H,8e-H)
2.14(dd,J=4.8,15.0Hz,1H,8ax-H)
实例8
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮(Ⅰa)
将0.08克按实例6所述方法制备的4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮(ⅩⅢ)溶于无水二氯甲烷中,溶液冷却至5~10℃。于剧烈搅拌下,将0.024克按“Cancer Chemotherapy Reports,part3,Vol.6,No.2,p.123”所述方法制备的1-氯-N,O-二-三氟乙酰基-正定胺(1-chloro-N,O-ditrifluoroacetyl-daunosamine)的乙醚溶液和0.150克三氟甲磺酸银的二氯甲烷溶液同时迅速地加到上述溶液中。5分钟后,再加入0.070克三氟甲磺酸银,5分钟后加入可力丁终止反应。过滤混合物,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和水洗涤,干燥并于减压下浓缩。残留物经硅胶柱层析,用二氯甲烷洗脱,得4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基-N-三氟乙酰基-正定霉素(Ⅰa)。将该化合物溶于10毫升丙酮中,并于0℃与30毫升0.1N氢氧化钠水溶液反应3小时。随后用0.1N盐酸水溶液将该溶液PH调至4.5,糖苷配基用二氯甲烷萃取除去。再将水溶液PH调至8.6并用二氯甲烷萃取,经无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩至小体积,用0.1N盐酸甲醇溶液酸化至PH4.5,得标题化合物的盐酸盐。
实例9
4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基阿霉素(Ⅰb)
按US-A-3803124所述方法,用实例8所述方法制备的4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮作为起始原料,得到标题化合物的盐酸盐。
实例10
制备4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(ⅩⅣa)
将1.78克(5毫摩尔)4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅸ)溶于75毫升37%盐酸水溶液,于0~5℃冷却,向其中加入75毫升含0.6克亚硝酸钠的水溶液。混合物于0~5℃搅拌1小时。然后加入75毫升50%次磷酸水溶液,混合物在剧烈搅拌下于室温保持5小时。
上述溶液用200毫升水稀释,并用二氯甲烷萃取。分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸去溶剂,得1.7克(定量的产率)4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(ⅪⅤa),经分析与标准样品一致。
实例11
制备4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(ⅪⅤb)
按上述方法将1.86克(5毫摩尔)4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基正定霉素酮(Ⅱ转变成相应的4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(ⅪⅤb),得1.8克化合物(ⅪⅤb),经分析与标准样品一致。
Claims (19)
1、制备具有通式(Ⅰ)的蒽环苷或其可作药用的与酸形成盐的方法,
其中R1代表氢原子或羟基,R2和R3中的一个代表氢原子,另一个代表氢原子或羟基,该方法包括:
(i)使正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ)的受保护衍生物与受保护的囟代糖(式Ⅲ)反应,并且从所得产品中脱去保护基,得到例如其中R为氢的蒽环苷(式Ⅰ)
式Ⅱ中4-氨基是受保护的,
式Ⅲ中,R′ 2和R′ 3中的一个代表氢原子,另一个代表氢原子或受保护的羟基,3-氨基是受保护的,并且Hal代表卤原子,
(ii)如果需要,将上述苷(式Ⅰ)转变成其可作药用的盐,
(iii)如果需要,将上述苷(式Ⅰ)或其可作药用的盐溴化,并且使所得的14-溴衍生物水解,以便生成式(Ⅰ)相应的苷(其中R1为羟基),
(iv)如果需要,将上述式(Ⅰ)苷(其中R1为羟基)转变成其可作药用的盐。
2、按照权利要求1的方法,其中正定霉素酮衍生物(Ⅱ)的受保护衍生物为4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮。
4、按照权利要求2或3的方法,其中步骤(ⅰ)在三氟甲磺酸银存在下进行。
5、按照权利要求4的方法,其中4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素是溶解在无水二氯甲烷中,并且反应是在5~10℃进行。
6、按照权利要求2~5任何一项的方法,其中保护基三氟乙酰基可以用弱碱水解脱去。
7、按照上述权利要求任何一项的方法,其中蒽环苷(式Ⅰ)可以按步骤(ⅱ)或(ⅳ)以其盐酸盐形式分离。
8、按照上述权利要求任何一项的方法,其中步骤(ⅲ)中的水解是用甲酸钠进行的。
9、权利要求5所述的正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ)或其受保护的衍生物,其中4-氨基被保护。
10、按照权利要求9所述的化合物,其中受保护的衍生物为4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基-正定霉素酮。
11、制备权利要求9所述的正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ)或其受保护的衍生物的方法,该方法包括:
(a)通过氢解脱去洋红霉素酮(式Ⅴ)的7α-羟基,
(b)使得到的4-脱甲基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅵ)与4-氟苯磺酰氯在N,N-二异丙基乙胺和催化量的4-二甲基氨基吡啶存在下反应,
(c)使得到的4-脱甲氧基-4-O-[4-氟苯磺酰基]-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅶ)与苄胺反应,
(d)通过催化氢化,从得到的4-脱甲氧基-4-苄氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅷ)脱去苄基,
(e)将得到的4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅸ)的4-氨基加以保护,
(f)重新引入7α-羟基到生成的式(Ⅹ)化合物中,得正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ)的受保护衍生物(式Ⅺ),
式Ⅹ中,X′代表氨基保护基,
式Ⅺ中,Ⅹ′的定义同上,
(g)如果需要,从受保护的衍生物(式Ⅺ)中脱去4-氨基保护基,得到正定霉素酮衍生物(式Ⅱ):
12、按照权利要求11的方法,其中步骤(e)是通过用三氟乙酸酐处理而进行的。
13、按照权利要求11或12的方法,其中步骤(f)可以这样进行:用乙二醇处理,以保护4-脱甲氧基-4-(受保护的氨基)-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅻ)的13-酮基;将生成的化合物7-位溴化,使7-溴和13-缩酮基水解,得到
4-脱甲氧基-4-N-三氟乙酰氨基正定霉素酮(式ⅩⅢ)。
14、权利要求11所述的4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(Ⅸ)。
15、制备权利要求11所述4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式Ⅸ)的方法,该方法包括完成权利要求11所规定的步骤(a)到(d)。
17、制备4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(式ⅩⅥ)或其可作药用的盐的方法,
该方法包括使4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(式ⅪⅤ,其中R为羟基)与合适的糖衍生物反应,并且如果需要,可以将得到的4-脱甲氧基正定霉素转变成其可作药用的盐,4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮在权利要求16中以式(ⅪⅤ)表示,其中R4为羟基,并且它可以按权利要求16所述的方法用4-脱甲氧基-4-氨基-正定霉素酮制备。
19、制备权利要求16所述的4-脱甲氧基正定霉素酮(式ⅩⅨ,其中R4代表羟基)的方法,该方法包括将权利要求16所述的4-脱甲氧基-7-脱氧正定霉素酮(式ⅩⅨ,其中R4代表氢)的7-位溴化,接着用碱或乙酸银处理,或者进行甲醇解。
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GB878709353A GB8709353D0 (en) | 1987-04-21 | 1987-04-21 | 4-demethoxy-4-amino-anthracyclines |
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GB888803302A GB8803302D0 (en) | 1988-02-12 | 1988-02-12 | Conversion of 4-demethoxy-4-amino anthracyclinones into 4-demethoxy-anthracyclinones |
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1993
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- 1993-02-25 GR GR930400400T patent/GR3007163T3/el unknown
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1994
- 1994-09-12 DK DK199401046A patent/DK174561B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
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1996
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