CN87100524A - 木料的防腐方法 - Google Patents
木料的防腐方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN87100524A CN87100524A CN87100524A CN87100524A CN87100524A CN 87100524 A CN87100524 A CN 87100524A CN 87100524 A CN87100524 A CN 87100524A CN 87100524 A CN87100524 A CN 87100524A CN 87100524 A CN87100524 A CN 87100524A
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- chlorine
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/166—Compounds of phosphorus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/4935—Impregnated naturally solid product [e.g., leather, stone, etc.]
- Y10T428/662—Wood timber product [e.g., piling, post, veneer, etc.]
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种将木材经羟烷基苯酚碱性水溶液处理的木材防腐方法。即一种处理木料使其不易受真菌和细菌损坏的方法。其特征包括将所说的木料在使其基本上被完全浸透的条件下与一种具有下列通式化合物的碱性水溶液接触。
在通式中,每个R是以下列条件为前提的保护基团,即至少一个R基团是一种羟烷基,每个R1基团分别是氢或R,以及最后经处理的木料的出材。
Description
多年来,人们总在关心如何使木料不易受真菌或细菌的损坏。由于真菌和(或)细菌损坏而使木料腐烂是一个非常令人苦恼的问题,特别是用于建筑用途的木料,对于房屋建筑木料更是如此。
多年来,有三类木料添加剂已成为木料的主要防腐剂,即:杂酚油化合物,五氯苯酚以及砷的化合物。它们在作为较有效的防腐剂的同时,由于都是潜在的致癌物而使其在商业上的用途衰退了,它不仅对处理木料使其防腐的人们受致癌物的影响,而且对那些生活在用经处理的木料建成的建筑物内的人或动物同样也是有害的。再者,由于仅是通过物理手段将这些添加物保持在木料内部,所以这些添加物常常会移到木料表面。因此木料的内部通常是没有经过耐用处理的,特别在使用杂酚油或五氯苯酚的情况下更是如此。
为了得到更耐久的防腐性,木料也用苯酚-甲醛预缩合物或预聚物进行处理,这些物质会在木料内部聚合或固化成树脂状的产物。可是,这些物质也有缺点,在使用前或在使用期间它们在溶液里有聚合的倾向,特别是在木料中的苯酚-甲醛聚合反应受催化作用的情况下,更是如此,当预缩合物和预聚物的分子足够大时,它将不容易渗透过木料的微孔,更不能渗透到中心部分或心材中。为了缓和这种情况和进一步改善防腐性,五氯苯酚常常被加到苯酚-甲醛树脂前体的水溶液中。这种做法不仅由于五氯苯酚而带来进一步的致癌性问题,而且,因为耗用了五氯苯酚和使五氯苯酚与苯酚-甲醛的预缩合物水溶液易混所必须的溶液,从而增加了木料的处理费用,同样,由于五氯苯酚不与苯酚-甲醛起反应,它能从木料中渗漏出来。美国专利No.4399195是针对这种类型的配方,其中的溶剂是甲醇。本发明是对这种配方的一种改进。
现在,对于大多数木料防腐剂,如果它们的分子是足够小的话,需对木料压力处理,以使防腐剂分子进入木料的中心部分或心材中去。参见美国专利No.3968276中的例子。压力处理是在容器中进行的,该容器能被抽真空和加压。经常是首先将装有木料的容器抽真空,以除去空气和木料内部的水份。新鲜的木料能用苯酚-甲醛预缩合物的水溶液进行处理,这样能除去部分水份。特别采用反复抽真空和接着加压处理的方法,以使足够量的苯酚-甲醛树脂固体进入木料中。
抽真空的步骤可以是在各个时间周期的各种压力下进行,一般,真空度至少10英寸汞柱和高达30英寸汞柱,甚至更高,其时间周期通常10分钟至15分钟,特别是当处理新鲜木料时,要采用更长的时间周期。在真空处理后,加入处理溶液,然后加压,处理的压力和时间也是可以变化的,通常,至少采用100psi,也可增加到高达300psi或更高。加压时间可从1~2分钟直至几小时之间改变。
应用甲醛、脲醛树脂、密胺-甲醛树脂、以及甲醛与各种未取代的苯酚和氯代苯酚树脂作为再生纤维素的防腐剂。所说的再生纤维素即粘胶纤维(贝尔(Bell)等;染色家和印染家协会志(J.Soc.Dyers&Colourists)71,1955,11;P.660-667),查斯(Cance)等指出用类似的方法对棉花进行处理。(纺织研究杂志(Textile Research Journal),1959.7,P558-564)。
然而,棉花和粘胶纤维素都是天然纤维素,在被处理样品的尺寸上显然不同于木料,大多数添加物要渗透到木料的深部是困难的,贝尔(Bell)等人的文章指出,所使用的将被转变成树脂的大量预聚合物一旦存在于基质之中,尽管以预聚物,即单体,与纤维素发生反应作为前提,但是预聚物形成树脂的反应还需要有能生成这类树脂的活性羟甲基基团的存在。苯酚-甲醛预聚物的聚合作用或发生在两种不同预聚物分子上的有效羟甲基基团之间,或发生在两种不同预聚物分子上的一个羟甲基团与一个氢基团之间。在两个例子中,可与纤维素中的活性氢基团反应的羟甲基基团被吸收在树脂结构中。这样,可能会降低位于木料内部的树脂的稳定性。贝尔(Bell)等人进一步指出:把氯代苯酚当作预聚物加入人造纤维中时不会形成树脂。
查斯(Cance)等人也指出,苯酚、羟基苄醇、氯代苯酚、溴代苯酚、氟代苯酚作为添加剂加入棉花中,棉花中的树脂随之形成,由此所得的产物具有上述粘胶纤维相同的缺点。事实上,查斯(Cance)指出:树脂很少渗透进纤维素的纤维内的。即仅实现了对表面处理。
本发明提供了一种采用碱性水溶液中小分子防腐剂的木料防腐方法,该防腐剂能透到心材中,处理溶液的碱性不仅打开了木料的微孔,也是一种防腐剂和木料进行化学反应的催化剂,因此,防腐剂不仅能渗透到心材中,而且和木料发生共价反应并耐久地保持在木料中。
本发明的方法包括采用具有下列通式(Ⅰ)的化合物的碱性水溶液,进行上述的加压处理,并在木料基本上完全被浸透的条件下处理木料,使其不易受真菌和(或)细菌的损坏,以及最后经处理的木料的出材。
在通式(Ⅰ),R是一种保护基团,例如,每个R分别是卤素、烷基(C1或C2)、羟基、硝基、亚硝基或羟烷基(C1或C2),但作为先决条件,至少一个R基团是一种羟烷基,每个R1分别是氢或R。
所推荐的在通式(Ⅰ)范围内的化合物是其中二个R1基团是氢而其余的R基团中至少有一个卤素的化合物。
这里应用的一种更值得推荐的化合物是通式(Ⅰ)中全部余下的R和R1基团是卤素。
大约使用基于被处理木料重量1%~20%的防腐剂就可以成功地减少木料的腐烂,高的浓度将提供更有效的防腐。
通式(Ⅰ)范围内化合物的例子包括2,4,6-三羟甲基苯酚、2-氯-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚、2,4-二氯-6-羟甲基苯酚、4-氯-2,6-二羟甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三羟乙基苯酚、2-氯-4,6-二羟乙基苯酚、2-硝基-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚、2-羟基-4.6-二羟甲基苯酚、3,4,5-三氯-2,6-二羟甲基苯酚、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-羟甲基苯酚及类似物。也可使用其中氯的衍生物被它们相应的溴、氟或碘的衍生物所取代的化合物。
通式(Ⅰ)的化合物是现有技术所熟知的,可以用任何已知的方法制备,一种方法包括用适当的取代酚化合物和甲醛或其它高至二碳原子的烷基醛反应,从而用一个羟烷基来取代一个氢。
在羟烷基化苯酚被浸透到木料的最深处后,木料可以在大约80~250°F温度范围内加热大约30分钟到30天,以增强防腐能力,而加热的时间和温度是取决于所用木料的种类。
不打算用任何特别的理论来说明本发明的方法是如何或为什么会给木料以防腐性的,但可以认为:因为在应用的条件下,由于苯酚化合物的活性位置,即通常含有活性氢的2,4,6位置,以碱性条件下,被R取代所保护而使树脂的生成受抑制,于是分子仍然保持小分子状态,因此就能渗透到木料的微孔中去,特别是渗透到心材中,同时,化合物中至少有一个羟烷基与木料中纤维素和半纤维素上的有效羟基反应,其结果是纤维素的羟基基团不再易受真菌酶的侵蚀,因此腐烂降低了。
苯酚-甲醛在发生正常的聚合反应时系一个苯酚分子上的羟甲基(在2,4或6的位置上)与另一个苯酚分子的2,4或6位置上的氢发生反应,并析出水。在酸性条件下,一个苯酚上的羟甲基可以和另一个苯酚分子上的羟甲基反应,再析出水并形成醚基。但在碱性条件下,这种羟甲基之间的反应不是有利的,而代之以是一个苯酚分子的羟甲基和另一个苯酚分子在2.4或6位置上的氢反应,如果有足够的甲醛有效地生成2,4,6三羟甲基苯酚,这些反应将继续下去,然而,根据本发明,对2,4,6位置上氢基团的屏蔽作用阻止或至少是减缓了一个苯酚分子与其它苯酚分子形成聚合物或树脂的反应,并代之以替羟甲基苯酚和木料中羟基的反应。
如上面提到那样,本发明的碱处理,即PH至少7.1时,也形成这个方法独特的结果的一部分,因为如上所述,经碱处理后会使木料膨胀,并进一步提高了苯酚化合物的渗透性,碱处理也为添加剂中羟烷基和木料中的羟基之间的反应提供了一种催化剂。
当应用本发明推荐的化合物时,即含卤素基团的化合物,该卤素基团除了对通常积极参与形成树脂产物的活性氢起屏蔽作用外,还使苯酚分子具有杀真菌性质。
事实上,这里也可应用通式(Ⅰ)所示化合物的混合物,并且该混合物经常被推荐用在要求有高度杀真菌活性和纤维素反应的场合,如,单羟烷基代、多卤代苯酚和多羟烷基代苯酚的混合物,制造这些苯酚类化合物的工业方法也时常导致其混合物的生成。
如果除防腐性以外,还要求木料有阻燃性,在本发明的过程中可以加入任何已知的阻燃物。例如,可以使用磷酸盐,如磷酸铵,但是,这类阻燃物本身通常不能提供耐久的阻燃性,然而,如用活性四羟甲基磷盐类就可得到耐久的阻燃性及防腐性。
此外,可给予木料抗真菌性的还包括:烃烷基苯酚溶液,如抗真菌剂1-[[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基]甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)[0,0-二乙基0-(3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶)偶磷硫代硫酸盐]、多米内克斯(Do Mi Nex)拟除虫菊酯(C.A.No.67375-30-8)。这些抗真菌剂在诸如甲醇,二甲苯、丙酮之类的浴剂中能以有机溶剂的溶液的形式使用,并通常和有效的乳化剂结合起来使用。
本发明的方法可以处理任何类型的木料,如道格拉斯一冷杉、雪松、落叶松、红木、松树、云杉、枫树、栗树、橡树及类似的树种。
除权利要求中陈述外,以下的实施例子仅作说明本发明之用,而不作为对本发明的限制。实施例中的份数和百分比除特别指定外,均指重量。
实施例1:
将一块道格拉斯-冷杉层压板用PH为7.5的2-氯-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚的碱性水溶液进行防腐处理,10%(以木料干量为基准)的2-氯-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚固体沉积到木料中,被浸透的木料是一块3/8英寸的道格拉斯-冷杉层压板,它被放在一个容器中,并抽真空至29英寸汞柱,将2-氯-4.6-二羟甲基苯酚溶液注入到容器内直至完全浸没层压板,抽真空20分钟后,加压至100Psi并保持2分钟,然后将溶液排出容器,抽真空10分钟,取出层压板,并使其干燥。这样处理的木料具有防腐性。
实施例2:
一块新鲜的红橡树,1×5×30英寸,其含水量28%,放入容器后用2,4-二氯-6-羟甲基苯酚(PH8.0)碱性水溶液浸透,以沉积7.5%(以干木料重量为基准)的2,4-二氯-6-羟甲基苯酚固体,对容器中的木料施以29英寸汞柱的真空达15分钟,然后,将浸渍溶液加入容器直至浸没木料样品,抽真空并保持20分钟,再对容器加压至300psi,泵停止运行从而使压力降至200psi,然后,再将压力增加到300psi,这种循环重复5次,然后排放溶液,取出木料,并在室温F干燥72小时,这木料就有了防腐作用。
实施例3:
将一块新鲜的道格拉斯-冷杉(12×12英寸原木,2英尺长)的木料放入容器,并将容器抽真空至26英寸汞柱,把一种4-氯-2.6-二羟甲基苯酚的碱性水溶液(PH7.1)注入容器直至把木料完全浸没,真空度增加29英寸汞柱,并保持15分钟,再使容器和大气相通,然后关闭,再抽真空,将溶液再次注入到容器中,直到20%(以木料重量为基准)的苯酚固体沉积到木料中,然后将压力增加到300psi并保持15分钟,从容器中排放溶液,再取出木料,然后把木料放在250°F的温度下1小时,以引起囟代羟甲基苯酚进一步与木料反应,防腐作用将更有效。
实施例4:
将一块红橡树(1×5×30英寸)放入容器,用2-氯-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚和四(羟甲基)磷硫酸盐的碱性水溶液(PH7.6)浸透,容器抽真空至29英寸汞柱达10分钟,并使木料浸没在处理溶液中,以沉积10%(以木料干重为基准)2-氯-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚固体和15%(以木料干重为基准)的四(羟甲基)磷硫酸盐固体到木料中,抽真空20分钟后,再加压至100psi并保持5分钟,然后将溶液排出容器,并使木材在250°F温度下加热20分钟,得到的木料就有防腐及阻燃性。
实施例5:
对一块3/8-英寸的道格拉斯层压板试样进行防腐处理,将它浸渍在2,4,6-三羟甲基苯酚的碱性水溶液(PH7.4)中,从而在木料中沉积了8%防腐剂的固体,把木料放入容器中,然后抽真空至28英寸,再把碱性水溶液注入容器以浸没木料,抽真空15分钟以后,加压到120psi,并保持5分钟,使溶液排出容器后,层压板在200°F温度下加热2小时。层压板就有了防腐性。
实施例6:
将一块红橡树(1×6×36英寸)放入容器,用2,4-二甲基-6-羟甲基苯酚碱性水溶液(PH8.1)浸透,以沉积9%浸渍物质的固体到木料中,首先将木料放入容器中并抽真空至29英寸汞柱达8分钟,然后用处理溶液浸没,抽真空15分钟后,把压力加到100psi并保持10分钟,然后将溶液排出容器,取出木料,干燥。木料就有了防腐性。
实施例7:
除了苯酚化合物采用的是2-氯-4.6-二羟乙基苯酚外,其余均按实施例1的步骤,并得到类似的结果。
实施例8-12:
仍按实施例1的步骤,用各种包括在上述通式(Ⅰ)范围中的那些化合物浸渍冷杉层压板,在每个例子中,层压板就产生了防腐性。
所应用的特定化合物见表1。
表1
实施例 通式(Ⅰ)的化合物
8 2-羟基-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚
9 3,5-二氯-2,4,6三羟甲基苯酚
10* 2,6-二硝基-4-羟甲基苯酚
11 3,5-二溴-4.6-二甲基-2-羟甲基苯酚
12** 3,4,5,6-四氯-2-羟甲基苯酚
*实施例4仿效实施例1
**被处理的木料在100°F下加热30天。
实施例13:
除采用2-氯-4,6-二羟甲基苯酚和2,4-二氯-6-羟甲基苯酚(50/50)的混合物外,其余按实施例1的步骤的全部材料进行处理,并得到类似的结果。
实施例14:
除采用含0.5%的1-[[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基]甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑的水溶液外,其余按实施例2的步骤,得到的木料除具有防腐性外,还显示了杀真菌性质。
实施例15:
除应用毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)[0.0-二乙基0-(3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶基)偶磷硫代硫酸盐]的杀真菌剂外,其余按实施例14的步骤进行,也能得到极好的结果。
Claims (16)
1、一种处理木料使其不易受真菌和细菌损坏的方法,其特征包括将所说的木料在使其基本上被完全浸透的条件下与一种具有下列通式化合物的碱性水溶液接触,
在通式中,每个R是以下列条件为前提的保护基团,即至少一个R基团是一种羟烷基,每个R′基团分别是氢或R,以及最后经处理的木料的出材。
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其中每个R分别是一种囟素,烷基(C1或C2),羟基、硝基、亚硝基或羟烷基(C1或C2)。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其中每个R1基团是氢,每个R基团是羟烷基。
4、根据权利要求2的方法,其中每个R基团是羟甲基。
5、根据权利要求1的方法,其中每个R1基团是氢,而两个R基团是氯。
6、根据权利要求1的方法,其中每个R1基团是氢,两个R基团是羟甲基,而其余的R基团是氯。
7、根据权利要求1的方法,其中两个R1基团是氯,一个R基团是氯,而其余的R基团是羟甲基。
8、根据权利要求1的方法,其中两个R1基团是氢,一个R基团是甲基。
9、根据权利要求8的方法,其中剩下的R基团中有一个是氯。
10、根据权利要求1的方法,其中两个R1基团是氢,而两个R基团是甲基。
11、根据权利要求1的方法,其中木料是在加压下与所说的化合物接触。
12、根据权利要求1的方法,其中所说的碱性水溶液也含有一种阻燃剂。
13、根据权利要求12的方法,其中所说的阻燃剂是四(羟甲基)硫酸磷。
14、一种由根据权利要求1的方法处理的木料所组成的制品。
15、一种由根据权利要求2的方法处理的木料所组成的制品。
16、根据权利要求1的方法,其中所说的碱性水溶液中还含有杀真菌剂。
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DE3641554C2 (de) * | 1986-12-05 | 1995-04-06 | Solvay Werke Gmbh | Holzschutzmittel |
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US4988576A (en) * | 1989-12-13 | 1991-01-29 | Daishowa Chemicals Inc. | Wood preservative |
US5270083A (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1993-12-14 | Cecco Trading, Inc. | Wood preservation systems including halogenated tannin extracts |
US5461108A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-10-24 | Polymer Wood Processors, Inc. | Preservation of wood with phenol formaldehyde resorcinol resins |
US20050112393A1 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-26 | Fliermans Carl B. | Antifungal preservative composition for an environmentally friendly process |
US8691340B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2014-04-08 | Apinee, Inc. | Preservation of wood, compositions and methods thereof |
US9878464B1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2018-01-30 | Apinee, Inc. | Preservation of cellulosic materials, compositions and methods thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3284231A (en) * | 1965-07-06 | 1966-11-08 | Weyerhaeuser Co | Method and means of stabilizing cellulosic materials and the products produced thereby |
GB1253386A (en) * | 1968-10-07 | 1971-11-10 | Gottfried Esser | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of wood materials |
US3968276A (en) * | 1972-10-25 | 1976-07-06 | Diversified Wood Products, Inc. | Process for the preservation of wood |
US4290846A (en) * | 1978-08-08 | 1981-09-22 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Method of protecting organic or inorganic material from attack by microorganisms |
SU1041289A1 (ru) * | 1979-12-19 | 1983-09-15 | Белорусский технологический институт им.С.М.Кирова | Способ получени трудногорючего древесно-полимерного материала |
US4399195A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-08-16 | Cherokee Industries, Inc. | Preservation of wood |
-
1986
- 1986-02-18 US US06/829,932 patent/US4661382A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1987
- 1987-01-15 IN IN49/CAL/87A patent/IN169001B/en unknown
- 1987-01-22 NZ NZ21903287A patent/NZ219032A/xx unknown
- 1987-01-22 ZA ZA87483A patent/ZA87483B/xx unknown
- 1987-01-22 NO NO870279A patent/NO870279L/no unknown
- 1987-01-23 FI FI870297A patent/FI870297A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-01-26 DE DE8787101044T patent/DE3771087D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-01-26 AT AT87101044T patent/ATE64887T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-26 EP EP19870101044 patent/EP0234305B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-01-27 CN CN87100524A patent/CN87100524A/zh active Pending
- 1987-01-30 JP JP62018745A patent/JPS62193801A/ja active Pending
- 1987-02-12 BR BR8700656A patent/BR8700656A/pt unknown
- 1987-02-13 AU AU68792/87A patent/AU596638B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-02-16 PT PT8429787A patent/PT84297A/pt unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101298379B (zh) * | 2008-05-13 | 2011-07-27 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | 一种橡胶-木材-水泥复合材料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI870297A (fi) | 1987-08-19 |
ZA87483B (en) | 1987-08-26 |
DE3771087D1 (de) | 1991-08-08 |
NO870279D0 (no) | 1987-01-22 |
FI870297A0 (fi) | 1987-01-23 |
EP0234305A1 (en) | 1987-09-02 |
NO870279L (no) | 1987-08-19 |
EP0234305B1 (en) | 1991-07-03 |
JPS62193801A (ja) | 1987-08-26 |
AU6879287A (en) | 1987-08-20 |
PT84297A (en) | 1987-03-01 |
AU596638B2 (en) | 1990-05-10 |
US4661382A (en) | 1987-04-28 |
ATE64887T1 (de) | 1991-07-15 |
BR8700656A (pt) | 1987-12-15 |
NZ219032A (en) | 1989-03-29 |
IN169001B (zh) | 1991-08-10 |
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