CN213887551U - Continuous washing energy-saving treatment device for waste incineration fly ash or fly ash after hydrochloric acid washing - Google Patents
Continuous washing energy-saving treatment device for waste incineration fly ash or fly ash after hydrochloric acid washing Download PDFInfo
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- CN213887551U CN213887551U CN202021718527.5U CN202021718527U CN213887551U CN 213887551 U CN213887551 U CN 213887551U CN 202021718527 U CN202021718527 U CN 202021718527U CN 213887551 U CN213887551 U CN 213887551U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a continuous washing energy-saving treatment device for waste incineration fly ash or fly ash after hydrochloric acid washing, which comprises a primary washing reaction kettle, a secondary washing reaction kettle, a tertiary washing reaction kettle, a primary filter unit, a primary ball mill, a secondary filter unit, a secondary ball mill, a tertiary filter unit, a clear water tank, a washing pretreatment device, a mother liquor pretreatment device, an evaporative crystallization device, a reverse osmosis concentration device, a primary filter cake bin and a secondary filter cake bin; the utility model discloses a filter cake is collected to the feed bin, with ball mill, breaker or the continuous broken filter cake of high-speed solid-liquid agitator, goes the beating tank and further mixes the thick liquid again, can realize solid-liquid homogeneous mixing through two steps of mixes, goes down one after that and filters the process to the mode of production of continuous filtration, continuous making beating has been realized. The utility model discloses a waste water zero release has realized that mother liquor and washing water are handled respectively, has reduced the operation energy consumption, has reduced the treatment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an environmental protection technology field, concretely relates to continuous washing energy-saving treatment device of fly ash after msw incineration or hydrochloric acid washing.
Background
With the rapid development of urban economy in China, the urban garbage yield increases day by 8-10% every year. The basic treatment modes of domestic and foreign municipal domestic garbage are landfill, incineration and composting, and the incineration method gradually becomes the trend of municipal waste treatment due to the advantages of small occupied area, short treatment time, obvious reduction (the mass reduction generally can reach 70 percent, and the volume reduction can reach 90 percent), more thorough harmless treatment, capability of recovering waste heat from garbage incineration and the like.
The incineration fly ash refers to incineration residue collected by a flue gas purification system of a waste incineration plant, the generation amount of fly ash per ton of waste incineration in China is 30-200 kg, the number of the grate furnace is 30-50kg, and the number of the fluidized bed is 150 kg. The fly ash contains heavy metals with high leaching toxicity, soluble salts and organic chlorides (polychlorinated biphenyl and dioxin), is generally considered as a dangerous waste and has great threat to the environment. The surface and the interior of the incineration fly ash are both enriched with a large amount of heavy metals, wherein the Zn and the Pb are the most, the leaching concentration is as high as 35.84mg/L and 5.98mg/L, and the underground water quality can be seriously polluted by direct landfill.
At present, fly ash is treated by mainly adopting cement curing and chelating agent stabilizing methods in China, the cured fly ash is mainly transported to a domestic garbage landfill for landfill, and a small amount of the fly ash is pretreated and then is subjected to cooperative treatment by a cement kiln to prepare cement. The fly ash contains high-concentration chloride salt, and the existence of the chloride salt can seriously limit the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the fly ash. The water washing method aims to reduce the contents of salts (chlorides and the like) and alkaline substances by using a water solvent as a leaching agent so as to improve the grade of a treated fly ash product after pretreatment, reduce the danger of heavy metals on the environment and organisms and improve the utilization value of the product. Since the fly ash is rich in high-concentration soluble salts, mainly sodium chloride, calcium chloride and potassium chloride, which bring difficulties to the solidification/stabilization effect and resource utilization process of the fly ash, dechlorination is an important link in the fly ash disposal process. At present, the fly ash dechlorination technology is single, chlorine entering the fly ash is mainly transferred to a liquid phase through a water washing technology, and then dechlorination treatment is carried out on a water body. The main purpose of this technology is to remove the high concentration of dissolved salts from fly ash efficiently, in preparation for subsequent solidification, metal recovery and other treatment.
The flying ash slag after being washed by the hydrochloric acid refers to neutralization reaction between the hydrochloric acid and the waste incineration fly ash, the pH value of the reaction is controlled to be 9-12, then a filter cake obtained by filtering also contains a large amount of sodium chloride, calcium chloride and potassium chloride soluble salts, and the subsequent treatment can be carried out after dechlorination.
The water washing method usually adopts a multi-stage countercurrent washing mode, because of the characteristics of fly ash, strong alkalinity, a large amount of calcium hydroxide and fine particles are contained, the treatment capacity of a fly ash filtering device is large, the filtering is difficult, if filter cakes are directly thrown into a slurry tank after filtering, solid deposition can be caused, the solid-liquid mixing is uneven, and the effect of washing to remove chloride ions is further influenced. Therefore, the conventional countercurrent washing process does not consider the importance of uniform solid-liquid mixing and continuous production in the filter cake reslurry process.
The conventional countercurrent washing process can only increase the number of washing stages or increase the water consumption of washing in order to improve the dechlorination effect without changing the existing equipment. The number of washing stages is increased, so that the equipment amount is increased, and the investment is increased; and the increase of the water washing amount increases the subsequent treatment amount of the evaporative crystallization water, and the operation cost and the energy consumption of the whole water washing process are increased due to high energy consumption and high operation of the evaporative crystallization treatment process.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvements in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide an efficient waste incineration flying ash or the continuous washing energy-saving treatment device of flying ash after the hydrochloric acid washing.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a continuous washing energy-saving treatment device for waste incineration fly ash or fly ash after hydrochloric acid washing, which comprises a first-stage washing reaction kettle, a second-stage washing reaction kettle, a third-stage washing reaction kettle, a first-stage filter unit, a first-stage ball mill, a second-stage filter unit, a second-stage ball mill, a third-stage filter unit, a clear water tank, a washing water pretreatment device, a mother liquor pretreatment device, an evaporative crystallization device, a reverse osmosis concentration device, a first-stage filter cake bin and a second-stage filter cake bin;
the outlet of the first-stage washing reaction kettle is connected with the inlet of the first-stage filter unit;
a filter residue outlet of the first-stage filter unit is connected with a first-stage filter cake bin inlet;
the outlet of the first-stage filter cake bin is connected with the solid inlet of the first-stage ball mill;
the outlet of the first-stage ball mill is connected with the inlet of the second-stage washing reaction kettle;
the outlet of the secondary washing reaction kettle is connected with the inlet of the secondary filter unit;
the filter residue outlet of the secondary filter unit is connected with the inlet of a secondary filter cake bin; the filtrate outlet of the secondary filter unit is connected with the inlet of the primary washing reaction kettle;
the outlet of the second-stage filter cake bin is connected with the solid inlet of the second-stage ball mill;
the outlet of the second-stage ball mill is connected with the inlet of the third-stage washing reaction kettle,
the outlet of the third-stage washing reaction kettle is connected with the inlet of a third-stage filter unit;
the filtrate outlet of the third-stage filter unit is connected with the liquid inlet of the first-stage ball mill;
the filtrate outlet of the primary filter unit is connected with the inlet of the mother liquor pretreatment device;
the outlet of the mother liquid pretreatment device is connected with the inlet of the evaporative crystallization device;
the steam condensate outlet of the evaporative crystallization device is connected with the inlet of the clear water tank;
the washing water outlet of the primary filter unit is connected with the inlet of the washing water pretreatment device;
the outlet of the washing water pretreatment device is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis concentration device;
the outlet of the reverse osmosis concentration device is respectively connected with the evaporative crystallization device and the inlet of the clear water tank;
the outlet of the clean water tank is respectively connected with the inlet of the second-stage ball mill and the washing water inlet of the third-stage filter unit;
the washing water outlet of the third-stage filter unit is connected with the washing water inlet of the second-stage filter unit;
and the washing water outlet of the secondary filter unit is connected with the washing water inlet of the primary filter unit.
As to the improvement of the continuous washing energy-saving treatment device of the fly ash after the waste incineration or the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the primary washing reaction kettle, the secondary washing reaction kettle and the tertiary washing reaction kettle are all used for uniformly mixing solid and liquid of the fly ash;
the first-stage filter unit, the second-stage filter unit and the third-stage filter unit are all used for filtering the washing fly ash liquid, and the filter device can be one or more of a filter press, a disc filter, a belt filter and a centrifuge;
the primary ball mill and the secondary ball mill can also use a crusher or a high-speed solid-liquid stirrer, and are used for carrying out ball milling crushing on the filter cake and mixing with the process liquid;
the washing water pretreatment device is used for performing calcium precipitation filtration on washing liquid;
the mother liquor pretreatment device is used for performing calcium precipitation filtration on the filtrate;
the reverse osmosis concentration device is used for concentrating filter cake washing water;
the evaporative crystallization device is used for carrying out evaporative crystallization on the washing concentrated solution and the mother solution;
the first-stage filter cake bin and the second-stage filter cake bin are used for storing a transfer filter cake;
the clean water tank is used for storing the washing water reverse osmosis produced water and the evaporative crystallization condensed water.
As to the improvement of the continuous washing energy-saving treatment device of the fly ash after the waste incineration or the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the first-stage filter unit, the second-stage filter unit and the third-stage filter unit are formed by one or more filter presses, disc filters, belt filters and centrifuges which are connected in parallel.
A continuous washing energy-saving treatment process for waste incineration fly ash or fly ash after hydrochloric acid washing comprises the following steps:
step one, performing countercurrent mixing and filtration on fly ash or fly ash residues washed by hydrochloric acid for multiple times, wherein the multiple times are two to five times, and storing the filtrate obtained by the first filtration to be subjected to the treatment of the step three;
step two, performing countercurrent washing on the filter cake in each countercurrent washing filtering process by using clear water, and storing a first-stage washing liquid to perform treatment in the step three;
step three, respectively carrying out decalcification pretreatment on the primary filtered filtrate obtained in the step one and the primary washing liquid obtained in the step two; obtaining a washing liquid after decalcification pretreatment and a filtering liquid after decalcification pretreatment;
fourthly, concentrating the washing liquid subjected to decalcification pretreatment obtained in the third step by using a reverse osmosis membrane, washing the filter cake filtered for the third time by using produced water, and mixing the concentrated liquid with the filtrate subjected to decalcification pretreatment obtained in the third step to obtain a mixed liquid;
and fifthly, evaporating and crystallizing the mixed liquid obtained in the step four to obtain sodium chloride or potassium chloride mixed salt or salt separation crystallization to obtain sodium chloride and potassium chloride crystals, mixing the evaporated condensate water with membrane concentration produced water to be used as clean water, and continuously washing the fly ash in the step one.
As an improvement to the continuous washing energy-saving treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the water washing process is three-stage water washing, the content of soluble salts in the fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing is reduced by three-stage water washing and three-stage filtering respectively, and according to the characteristics of the fly ash and the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing, a two-stage water washing and two-stage filtering equipment combination mode can be selected, and a four-stage water washing and four-stage filtering equipment combination mode or a five-stage water washing and five-stage filtering equipment combination mode can be selected;
three counter-current washes are exemplified:
in the first step: pulping and mixing the filter cake after the second-stage filtration with clean water, then carrying out third-stage filtration, delivering the filter cake, mixing and pulping the third-stage filtrate and the first-stage filtration filter cake, removing the second-stage filtration, pulping and mixing the second-stage filtrate with fly ash or fly ash residues after the hydrochloric acid washing, removing the first-stage filtration, and storing the first-stage filtration filtrate to carry out the third treatment;
in the second step: washing the filter cake obtained in the third filtration with clear water, storing third-stage washing water, washing the filter cake obtained in the second filtration, storing second-stage washing water, washing the filter cake obtained in the first filtration, and storing the first-stage washing liquid for the third treatment.
As an improvement to the continuous washing energy-saving treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the first step and the second step comprise:
the fly ash from the waste incineration enters a primary washing reaction kettle to be mixed with the filtrate obtained by the secondary filtration, so that fly ash slurry obtained after the primary washing is obtained;
the first fly ash liquid enters a first-stage filter unit for filtration to obtain a first filtration cake and a first filtration filtrate;
the filter cake obtained by the first filtration is washed by the second-stage washing water, and the second-stage washing water of the filter cake becomes the first-stage washing water of the filter cake;
the first washing filter cake enters a first-stage filter cake bin for transferring, then enters a first-stage ball mill, and is mixed with the third filtering filtrate for ball milling to obtain a second-stage fly ash slurry;
the fly ash secondary slurry enters a secondary washing reaction kettle to be uniformly mixed to obtain fly ash slurry after secondary washing;
the fly ash slurry liquid after the second washing enters a secondary filter unit for filtering to obtain a second filter cake and a second filter filtrate;
the filter cake obtained by the second filtration is washed by the third washing water of the filter cake, and the second washing water of the filter cake becomes the second washing water of the filter cake;
the second washing filter cake enters a second-stage filter cake bin for transfer, then enters a second-stage ball mill, and is mixed with clear water for ball milling to obtain a third-stage fly ash slurry;
the fly ash tertiary slurry enters a tertiary washing reaction kettle for washing to obtain fly ash slurry after the third washing;
after the third washing, the fly ash slurry enters a three-stage filter unit for filtering to obtain a third filter cake and a third filter filtrate;
the filter cake filtered for the third time is washed by clear water, and the filter cake filtered for the third time becomes a filter cake washed for the third time; the clear water becomes third-stage washing water of the filter cake;
and (5) conveying the filter cake washed for the third time to the outside for treatment.
As an improvement to the continuous washing energy-saving treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the third step comprises:
the filtrate obtained after the first filtration enters a mother liquor pretreatment device, and agents such as sodium carbonate and the like are added to precipitate calcium salt, and the calcium salt is filtered to obtain secondary decalcification filtrate; the secondary decalcified filtrate is used as the filtrate after decalcification pretreatment;
the first-stage washing water of the filter cake enters a washing water pretreatment device, and agents such as sodium carbonate and the like are added to precipitate calcium salt, and the calcium salt is filtered to obtain first-stage decalcified washing water; the first-stage decalcification washing water is used as washing liquid after the decalcification pretreatment.
As an improvement to the continuous washing energy-saving treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the fourth step comprises the following steps:
the first-stage decalcification washing water enters a reverse osmosis concentration device for concentration to obtain produced water and reverse osmosis concentrated solution; and (4) conveying the reverse osmosis concentrated solution to an evaporation crystallization device to be mixed with the filtrate after decalcification pretreatment to obtain a mixed solution.
As an improvement to the continuous washing energy-saving treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the fifth step comprises the following steps:
evaporating and crystallizing the mixed solution to obtain sodium chloride and potassium chloride mixed salt or salt separation and crystallization to respectively obtain sodium chloride and potassium chloride crystals and then obtain steam condensate water;
the steam condensate water enters a clear water tank and is mixed with the produced water conveyed by the reverse osmosis concentration device to obtain clear water; and conveying the clean water to a second-stage ball mill and a third-stage filter unit.
As an improvement to the continuous washing energy-saving treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing of the utility model:
the concentration multiple of the first-stage decalcified washing water in the reverse osmosis concentration device is 2-10 times.
The utility model discloses the technological advantage of the continuous washing energy-saving treatment device of flying dust after waste incineration or hydrochloric acid washing is:
the washing and wastewater treatment process of the utility model is continuous production, reduces the labor and improves the efficiency. The mode that the mixed mother liquor and the filter cake washing wastewater are separately treated is adopted, the washing wastewater is firstly subjected to membrane concentration treatment and then is mixed with the mother liquor for evaporative crystallization, the water amount of evaporative crystallization is reduced, the water amount of evaporative crystallization and energy consumption are reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
The utility model discloses a filter cake is collected to the feed bin, with ball mill, breaker or the continuous broken filter cake of high-speed solid-liquid agitator, goes the beating tank and further mixes the thick liquid again, can realize solid-liquid homogeneous mixing through two steps of mixes, goes down one after that and filters the process to the mode of production of continuous filtration, continuous making beating has been realized.
The utility model discloses continuous production technology has adopted the method of filter cake countercurrent washing, under the circumstances that the effect of leaching chloride ion was guaranteed, the mother liquor water yield that the thick liquid mixes was reduced as far as possible (the water yield is generally 1: 5 times of the flying ash water yield), can suitably increase filter cake washing water yield (the water yield is 2: 10 times of flying ash weight), two water strands are handled respectively, the mother liquor directly goes the evaporative crystallization after the preliminary treatment, and filter cake washing waste water carries out reverse osmosis membrane concentration first after the preliminary treatment, the concentrated solution mixes the evaporative crystallization with the mother liquor again, because the concentrated treatment cost of membrane and energy consumption are far less than the evaporative crystallization, this technology reduces running cost and energy consumption greatly.
The method specifically comprises the following advantages:
1) the continuous washing process based on the filter unit (such as a plate and frame filter press) comprises the steps that one or more filters are used in parallel, filter cakes are discharged and then transferred by a storage bin, are subjected to continuous ball milling by a ball mill, are then uniformly mixed by a washing kettle, are mixed by the ball mill and the washing kettle in two stages, can realize uniform mixing of solid and liquid, and then are subjected to the next filtering process, so that the dechlorination effect of washing is ensured, continuous production is realized in the operation mode, labor and operation are reduced, and the use stability of equipment is improved;
2) the method for respectively treating the washing mother liquor and the filter cake washing water is adopted, so that the method for treating the mother liquor and the washing water by different methods can be realized;
3) and the washing water adopts a method of membrane concentration firstly and evaporation crystallization by mixing the concentrated solution and the mother solution, so that the treatment cost and the energy consumption of the whole process are reduced.
4) The whole process realizes zero discharge of wastewater, realizes the respective treatment of mother liquor and washing water, reduces the operation energy consumption and reduces the treatment cost.
Drawings
The following describes the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuous washing energy-saving treatment device for fly ash from waste incineration or fly ash from hydrochloric acid washing.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1, a continuous washing energy-saving treatment apparatus for waste incineration fly ash or fly ash after hydrochloric acid washing, as shown in fig. 1, includes a first-stage washing reaction kettle 1, a second-stage washing reaction kettle 7, a third-stage washing reaction kettle 8, a first-stage filter unit 2, a first-stage ball mill 3, a second-stage filter unit 4, a second-stage ball mill 5, a third-stage filter unit 6, a clean water tank 9, a washing water pretreatment apparatus 12, a mother liquor pretreatment apparatus 10, an evaporative crystallization apparatus 11, a reverse osmosis concentration apparatus 13, a first-stage filter cake bin 14, and a second-stage filter cake bin 15.
The reverse osmosis concentration device 13 includes a reverse osmosis membrane.
The primary washing reaction kettle, the secondary washing reaction kettle and the tertiary washing reaction kettle are all used for uniformly mixing solid and liquid of the fly ash;
the first-stage filter unit, the second-stage filter unit and the third-stage filter unit are all used for filtering the washing fly ash liquid, and the filter device can be one or more of a filter press, a disc filter, a belt filter and a centrifuge;
the primary ball mill and the secondary ball mill can also use a crusher or a high-speed solid-liquid stirrer, and are used for carrying out ball milling crushing on the filter cake and mixing with the process liquid;
the washing water pretreatment device is used for performing calcium precipitation and filtration on the washing liquid;
the mother liquor pretreatment device is used for performing calcium precipitation and filtration on the filtrate;
the reverse osmosis concentration device is used for concentrating filter cake washing water;
the evaporative crystallization device is used for carrying out evaporative crystallization on the washing concentrated solution and the mother solution;
the first-stage filter cake bin and the second-stage filter cake bin are used for storing the transfer filter cakes;
the clear water tank is used for storing the washing water reverse osmosis produced water and the evaporative crystallization condensed water.
The first-stage filter unit 2, the second-stage filter unit 4 and the third-stage filter unit 6 are formed by one or more filter devices in a filter press, a disc filter, a belt filter and a centrifugal machine which are connected in parallel.
The continuous washing energy-saving treatment device for the waste incineration fly ash or the fly ash after the hydrochloric acid washing has the specific connection mode that:
the outlet of the first-stage washing reaction kettle 1 is connected with the inlet of the first-stage filter unit 2;
a filter residue outlet of the primary filter unit 2 is connected with an inlet of a primary filter cake bin 14;
the outlet of the first-stage filter cake bin 14 is connected with the solid inlet of the first-stage ball mill 3;
the outlet of the first-stage ball mill 3 is connected with the inlet of the second-stage washing reaction kettle 7;
the outlet of the second-stage washing reaction kettle 7 is connected with the inlet of the second-stage filter unit 4;
a filter residue outlet of the secondary filter unit 4 is connected with an inlet of a secondary filter cake bin 15; the filtrate outlet of the secondary filter unit 4 is connected with the inlet of the primary washing reaction kettle 1;
the outlet of the secondary filter cake bin 15 is connected with the solid inlet of the secondary ball mill 5;
the outlet of the second-stage ball mill 5 is connected with the inlet of a third-stage washing reaction kettle 8,
the outlet of the third-stage washing reaction kettle 8 is connected with the inlet of the third-stage filter unit 6;
the filtrate outlet of the third-stage filter unit 6 is connected with the liquid inlet of the first-stage ball mill 3;
the filtrate outlet of the primary filter unit 2 is connected with the inlet of a mother liquor pretreatment device 10;
the outlet of the mother liquid pretreatment device 10 is connected with the inlet of the evaporative crystallization device 11;
the steam condensate outlet of the evaporative crystallization device 11 is connected with the inlet of the clear water tank 9;
the washing water outlet of the primary filter unit 2 is connected with the inlet of the washing water pretreatment device 12;
the outlet of the washing water pretreatment device 12 is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis concentration device 13;
the outlet of the reverse osmosis concentration device 13 is respectively connected with the inlet of the evaporative crystallization device 11 and the inlet of the clear water tank 9;
the outlet of the clean water tank 9 is respectively connected with the inlet of the second-stage ball mill 5 and the washing water inlet of the third-stage filter unit 6;
the washing water outlet of the third filter unit 6 is connected with the washing water inlet of the second filter unit 4;
and the washing water outlet of the secondary filter unit 4 is connected with the washing water inlet of the primary filter unit 2.
The continuous water washing energy-saving treatment process of waste incineration fly ash or fly ash after being washed by hydrochloric acid comprises the following steps:
1) the fly ash from the waste incineration enters a primary washing reaction kettle 1 to be mixed with the secondary filtered filtrate to obtain fly ash slurry after primary washing;
2) the first fly ash liquid enters a first-stage filter unit 2 for filtering to obtain a first filter cake and a first filter filtrate;
the filter cake obtained by the first filtration is washed by the second-stage washing water, and the second-stage washing water of the filter cake becomes the first-stage washing water of the filter cake;
3) the first washing filter cake enters a first-stage filter cake bin 14 for transferring, then enters a first-stage ball mill 3, and is mixed with the third filtering filtrate for ball milling to obtain second-stage fly ash slurry;
4) the fly ash secondary slurry enters a secondary washing reaction kettle 7 to be uniformly mixed to obtain fly ash slurry after secondary washing;
5) the second fly ash slurry enters a secondary filter unit 4 for filtering to obtain a second filter cake and a second filter filtrate;
the filter cake obtained by the second filtration is washed by the third washing water of the filter cake, and the second washing water of the filter cake becomes the second washing water of the filter cake;
6) the second washing filter cake enters a second-stage filter cake bin 15 for transfer, and then enters a second-stage ball mill 5 to be mixed with clean water for ball milling, so that third-stage fly ash slurry is obtained;
7) the fly ash tertiary slurry enters a tertiary washing reaction kettle 8 for washing to obtain fly ash slurry after the tertiary washing;
8) after the third washing, the fly ash slurry enters a third filter unit 6 for filtering to obtain a third filter cake and a third filter filtrate;
the filter cake is washed by clean water for the third time; the clear water becomes third-stage washing water of the filter cake;
9) the filter cake is washed for the third time and is conveyed to the outside for treatment;
10) the first filtrate enters a mother liquor pretreatment device 10, and agents such as sodium carbonate and the like are added to precipitate calcium salt, and the calcium salt is filtered to obtain a second-stage decalcification filtrate;
11) the second-stage decalcification filtrate enters an evaporation crystallization device, is mixed with reverse osmosis concentrated solution, is evaporated and crystallized to obtain sodium chloride and potassium chloride mixed salt or salt separation crystallization to respectively obtain sodium chloride and potassium chloride crystals, and then steam condensate water is obtained;
the crystals obtained by evaporation crystallization are sodium chloride/potassium chloride salt mixed salt or salt separation crystallization to respectively obtain sodium chloride crystals and potassium chloride crystals.
12) The steam condensate water enters the clear water tank 9 and is mixed with the produced water conveyed by the reverse osmosis concentration device 13 to obtain clear water; clear water is conveyed into a second-stage ball mill 5 and a third-stage filter unit 6;
13) the first-stage washing water of the filter cake enters a washing water pretreatment device 12, and agents such as sodium carbonate and the like are added to precipitate calcium salt, and the calcium salt is filtered to obtain decalcified washing water;
14) the decalcified washing water enters a reverse osmosis concentration device 13 to be concentrated by 2-10 times to obtain produced water and reverse osmosis concentrated solution; the concentrated solution is conveyed to an evaporative crystallization device 11, and the produced water is conveyed to a clean water tank 9.
The water washing process is three-stage water washing, the content of soluble salt in the fly ash or the fly ash residue after the hydrochloric acid washing is reduced by three-stage water washing and three-stage filtering respectively, and according to the characteristics of the fly ash and the fly ash residue after the hydrochloric acid washing, a two-stage water washing and two-stage filtering equipment combination mode can be selected, and a four-stage water washing and four-stage filtering equipment combination mode or a five-stage water washing and five-stage filtering equipment combination mode can be selected.
The chloride ions of the filter cakes obtained by the three filter units (the first-stage filter unit 2, the second-stage filter unit 4 and the third-stage filter unit 6) are gradually reduced: the content of chloride ions in the fly ash or the fly ash residue after the hydrochloric acid washing is about 12 to 15 percent, the content of chloride ions in the filter cake obtained by the first filtration is about 3 percent, the content of chloride ions in the filter cake obtained by the second filtration is about 0.9 percent, and the content of chloride ions in the filter cake obtained by the third filtration is about 0.4 percent.
The chloride ion content in the third stage of filter cake washing water, the second stage of filter cake washing water and the first stage of filter cake washing water is increased in sequence: 0.2%, 0.5%, and about 1%, respectively, which vary according to the source of the fly ash.
The chloride ion content of the third filtering filtrate, the second filtering filtrate and the first filtering filtrate is increased in sequence: 0.4 percent, 4 percent and about 10 percent respectively, and the content is changed according to the source of the fly ash.
Finally, it is also noted that the above-mentioned list is only a few specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many modifications are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the invention should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The continuous washing energy-saving treatment device for the fly ash generated by burning the garbage or the fly ash generated after the washing with hydrochloric acid is characterized in that: the device comprises a first-stage washing reaction kettle (1), a second-stage washing reaction kettle (7), a third-stage washing reaction kettle (8), a first-stage filter unit (2), a first-stage ball mill (3), a second-stage filter unit (4), a second-stage ball mill (5), a third-stage filter unit (6), a clear water tank (9), a washing water pretreatment device (12), a mother liquor pretreatment device (10), an evaporative crystallization device (11), a reverse osmosis concentration device (13), a first-stage filter cake bin (14) and a second-stage filter cake bin (15);
the outlet of the first-stage water washing reaction kettle (1) is connected with the inlet of the first-stage filter unit (2);
a filter residue outlet of the first-stage filter unit (2) is connected with an inlet of a first-stage filter cake bin (14);
the outlet of the first-stage filter cake bin (14) is connected with the solid inlet of the first-stage ball mill (3);
the outlet of the first-stage ball mill (3) is connected with the inlet of the second-stage washing reaction kettle (7);
the outlet of the secondary washing reaction kettle (7) is connected with the inlet of the secondary filter unit (4);
a filter residue outlet of the secondary filter unit (4) is connected with an inlet of a secondary filter cake bin (15); the filtrate outlet of the secondary filter unit (4) is connected with the inlet of the primary washing reaction kettle (1);
the outlet of the second-stage filter cake bin (15) is connected with the solid inlet of the second-stage ball mill (5);
the outlet of the second-stage ball mill (5) is connected with the inlet of the third-stage washing reaction kettle (8),
the outlet of the third-stage washing reaction kettle (8) is connected with the inlet of the third-stage filter unit (6);
the filtrate outlet of the third-stage filter unit (6) is connected with the liquid inlet of the first-stage ball mill (3);
the filtrate outlet of the primary filter unit (2) is connected with the inlet of a mother liquor pretreatment device (10);
the outlet of the mother liquor pretreatment device (10) is connected with the inlet of the evaporative crystallization device (11);
the steam condensate outlet of the evaporative crystallization device (11) is connected with the inlet of the clear water tank (9);
the washing water outlet of the primary filter unit (2) is connected with the inlet of the washing water pretreatment device (12);
the outlet of the washing water pretreatment device (12) is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis concentration device (13);
the outlet of the reverse osmosis concentration device (13) is respectively connected with the inlet of the evaporative crystallization device (11) and the inlet of the clear water tank (9);
the outlet of the clean water tank (9) is respectively connected with the inlet of the second-stage ball mill (5) and the washing water inlet of the third-stage filter unit (6);
the washing water outlet of the third filter unit (6) is connected with the washing water inlet of the second filter unit (4);
and the washing water outlet of the secondary filter unit (4) is connected with the washing water inlet of the primary filter unit (2).
2. The continuous washing energy-saving treatment device of the fly ash from waste incineration or the fly ash from hydrochloric acid washing according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the primary washing reaction kettle (1), the secondary washing reaction kettle (7) and the tertiary washing reaction kettle (8) are used for uniformly mixing solid and liquid of the fly ash;
the primary filter unit (2), the secondary filter unit (4) and the tertiary filter unit (6) are used for filtering the washing fly ash liquid, and the filter device can be one or more of a filter press, a disc filter, a belt filter and a centrifuge;
the washing water pretreatment device (12) is used for performing calcium precipitation filtration on washing liquid;
the mother liquor pretreatment device (10) is used for performing calcium precipitation filtration on the filtrate;
the reverse osmosis concentration device (13) is used for concentrating filter cake washing water;
the evaporative crystallization device (11) is used for carrying out evaporative crystallization on the washing concentrated solution and the mother solution;
the first-stage filter cake bin (14) and the second-stage filter cake bin (15) are used for storing and transferring filter cakes;
the clear water tank (9) is used for storing the washing water reverse osmosis produced water and the evaporative crystallization condensed water.
3. The continuous washing energy-saving treatment device of the fly ash from waste incineration or the fly ash from hydrochloric acid washing according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the primary filter unit (2), the secondary filter unit (4) and the tertiary filter unit (6) are formed by one or more filter presses, disc filters, belt filters and centrifuges which are connected in parallel.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114082236A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-25 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | High-salt solid waste integrated washing device |
| CN117798179A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-04-02 | 中蓝长化工程科技有限公司 | Resource utilization method of household garbage incineration fly ash |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114082236A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-25 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | High-salt solid waste integrated washing device |
| CN117798179A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-04-02 | 中蓝长化工程科技有限公司 | Resource utilization method of household garbage incineration fly ash |
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