CN217721151U - Switching circuit - Google Patents
Switching circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN217721151U CN217721151U CN202221252378.7U CN202221252378U CN217721151U CN 217721151 U CN217721151 U CN 217721151U CN 202221252378 U CN202221252378 U CN 202221252378U CN 217721151 U CN217721151 U CN 217721151U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a switching circuit, it includes: the first switching device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is used for being externally connected with a positive electrode of a direct current power supply; the second electrode is used for being externally connected with a load; and a third electrode; a second switching device including a fourth electrode; the fifth electrode is used for being externally connected with a negative electrode of a direct current power supply and a load; the sixth electrode is used for receiving a control signal, and the control signal can control the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode to be switched on and off; a first capacitor having both ends electrically connected to the first electrode and the third electrode, respectively; and two ends of the first resistor are respectively and electrically connected with the third electrode and the fourth electrode. The technical problem that this application will be solved is how to restrain surge current and reduce automatically controlled consumption simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a switching circuit.
Background
At present, in order to reduce standby power consumption, a switch circuit is usually arranged between a power supply and a load to control the on/off of the power supply. A filter capacitor is usually further provided between the switching circuit and the load, and at the moment when the switching circuit switches on the power supply and the load, the filter capacitor is rapidly charged to form an inrush current, which is much larger than a steady-state input current. The surge current may cause the power supply system to suddenly become overwhelmed and power down, resulting in unstable system and low reliability, and may damage components on the circuit in severe cases.
In order to reduce the inrush current, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC resistor) is provided between the switching circuit and the power supply in the related art. When the temperature of the ptc thermistor exceeds the curie temperature, the resistance value increases stepwise with the increase in temperature. Therefore, at the moment when the switch circuit conducts the power supply and the load, the current flowing through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is larger, and the temperature of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is increased, so that the resistance of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is increased, and the surge current is reduced.
However, when the surge current is limited by the ptc thermistor, the ptc thermistor has a large power consumption, which is not favorable for reducing the power consumption of the electronic control.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that solve is how to restrain surge current and reduce automatically controlled consumption simultaneously.
The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows:
a switching circuit, comprising:
a first switching device comprising
The first electrode is used for being externally connected with a positive electrode of a direct-current power supply;
the second electrode is used for being externally connected with a load; and
a third electrode;
a second switching device comprising
A fourth electrode;
the fifth electrode is used for being externally connected with a negative electrode of a direct current power supply and a load; and
the sixth electrode is used for receiving a control signal, and the control signal can control the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode to be switched on and off;
a first capacitor having both ends electrically connected to the first electrode and the third electrode, respectively;
a first resistor, both ends of which are electrically connected to the third electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively;
wherein the first switching device is configured such that the current passable between the first electrode and the second electrode has a tendency to increase with an increase in voltage across the first capacitor.
The utility model has the advantages that:
when the direct-current power supply needs to transmit power to the load, the sixth electrode of the second switching device receives a control signal for enabling the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode of the second switching device to be connected, the first capacitor is charged after the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode are connected, and the voltage at two ends of the first capacitor gradually rises. The first electrode is communicated with the second electrode along with the rise of the voltage at the two ends of the first capacitor, the direct current power supply can supply power to the load and the second capacitor through the first switching device, and the current output by the direct current power supply gradually changes from small to large due to the fact that the current which can pass between the first electrode and the second electrode is gradually increased, so that surge current during starting can be restrained, power failure and damage of components caused by the fact that the current output by the direct current power supply is too large during starting are avoided, and reliability of a system is improved. Meanwhile, since the change speed of the current between the first electrode and the second electrode is in positive correlation with the charging speed of the first capacitor, the soft start time of the switching circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance of the first capacitor and the resistance value of the first resistor, and the larger the capacitance of the first capacitor and the resistance value of the first resistor, the slower the change speed of the current between the first electrode and the second electrode and the longer the soft start time. Especially, compared with the design that the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is adopted to restrain the surge current in the prior art, the first switching device has small heat generation, and the electric control power consumption is favorably reduced.
In an exemplary embodiment, the switch circuit further includes a second resistor, and two ends of the second resistor are electrically connected to the first electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first switching device is a field effect transistor or a triode.
In an exemplary embodiment, the second switching device is a transistor or a field effect transistor.
In an exemplary embodiment, the switch circuit further includes a third resistor, one end of the third resistor is connected to the sixth electrode, and the other end of the third resistor is configured to receive the control signal.
In an exemplary embodiment, the switch circuit further includes a fourth resistor, and two ends of the fourth resistor are electrically connected to the fifth electrode and one end of the third resistor, which is not connected to the sixth electrode, respectively.
In an exemplary embodiment, the switching circuit further includes a second capacitor having one end connected to the second electrode and the other end connected to the fifth electrode.
In one exemplary embodiment, the second capacitor is provided in plurality, and a plurality of the second capacitors are connected in parallel.
In an exemplary embodiment, the control signal includes
The first level signal is used for driving the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode to be conducted; and
and the second level signal is used for driving the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode to be disconnected.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first switching device is further configured to open between the first electrode and the second electrode when a voltage across the first capacitor is zero.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a connection diagram of a switch circuit in an embodiment of the present application.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
vin, a positive input terminal; vout, positive output terminal; v0, negative input terminal; w, a signal receiving terminal; q1, a first switching device; s, a first electrode; d; a second electrode; G. a third electrode; q2, a second switching device; c. a fourth electrode; e. a fifth electrode; b. a sixth electrode; c1, a first capacitor; r1 and a first resistor; r2 and a second resistor; r3 and a third resistor; r4 and a fourth resistor; c2, a second capacitor.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a switching circuit in the present embodiment. The switching circuit includes a positive input terminal Vin, a positive output terminal Vout, a negative input terminal V0, a signal receiving terminal W, a first switching device Q1, a second switching device Q2, a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, and a second capacitor C2.
The first switching device Q1 is a controllable semiconductor device. The first switching device Q1 includes a first electrode S, a second electrode D, and a third electrode G. The voltage loaded between the third electrode G and the second electrode D can control the current passing capacity between the first electrode S and the second electrode D. In this embodiment, the first switch device Q1 is a Field Effect Transistor, preferably a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), the first electrode S is a source electrode, the second electrode D is a drain electrode, and the third electrode G is a gate electrode. The current that can pass between the first electrode S and the second electrode D has a tendency that increases as the voltage applied between the third electrode G and the second electrode D increases, and when the voltage applied between the third electrode G and the second electrode D is equal to zero, no current can pass between the first electrode S and the second electrode D, and the first electrode S and the second electrode D are disconnected.
The signal receiving terminal W is externally connected to the control circuit E. The control circuit E can send a control signal to the signal receiving terminal W.
The second switching device Q2 is a controllable semiconductor device. The second switching device Q2 includes a fourth electrode c, a fifth electrode e, and a sixth electrode b. The sixth electrode b is electrically conducted with the signal receiving terminal W, and the control circuit E controls the conduction and the disconnection between the fourth electrode c and the fifth electrode E by supplying a control signal to the sixth electrode b through the signal receiving terminal W. In this embodiment, the second switching device Q2 is a triode, the fourth electrode c is a collector, the fifth electrode e is an emitter, and the sixth electrode b is a base. The control signal comprises a first level signal and a second level signal, and the voltage of the first level signal is greater than that of the second level signal. The voltage value of the second level signal may be zero. When the first level signal is input to the sixth electrode b of the second switching device Q2, the voltage between the sixth electrode b and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 can be made greater than the turn-on voltage of the second switching device Q2, and the fourth electrode c and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 are turned on with each other; and when a second level signal is input to the sixth electrode b of the second switching device Q2, the voltage between the sixth electrode b and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 can be made smaller than the turn-on voltage of the second switching device Q2, and the fourth electrode c and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 are disconnected from each other.
Two terminals of the first capacitor C1 are respectively connected to two plates of the first capacitor C1, and two terminals of the first capacitor C1 are respectively electrically connected to the first electrode S of the first switching device Q1 and the third electrode G of the first switching device Q1.
Two terminals of the first resistor R1 are electrically connected to the third electrode G of the first switching device Q1 and the fourth electrode c of the second switching device Q2, respectively.
Two terminals of the second capacitor C2 are respectively connected to two plates of the second capacitor C2, and two terminals of the second capacitor C2 are respectively electrically connected to the second electrode D of the first switching device Q1 and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2. The second capacitor C2 is used to filter the current output by the switching circuit to the load.
The positive input terminal Vin is used for the positive electrode of an external direct-current power supply. A first electrode S of the first switching device Q1 is electrically connected to the positive input terminal Vin, and the first electrode S is electrically conducted to the positive electrode of the dc power source through the positive input terminal Vin.
The positive output terminal Vout is used for connecting the positive electrode of the external load, and the second electrode D of the first switching device Q1 is electrically connected to the positive output terminal Vout and is electrically conducted with the positive electrode of the load through the positive output terminal Vout.
The negative input terminal V0 is used for externally connecting a negative electrode of a direct current power supply. A fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 is electrically connected to the negative input terminal V0, and the fifth electrode e is electrically conducted with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply through the negative input terminal V0.
The negative electrode of the load may be electrically connected to the negative electrode of the dc power supply, or may be electrically connected to the fifth electrode e.
In this technical solution, the first electrode S and the second electrode D of the first switching device Q1 can be respectively electrically connected to the positive electrode of the dc power supply and the positive electrode of the load, and the negative electrode of the dc power supply and the negative electrode of the load can be directly conducted.
When the direct-current power supply does not need to transmit power to the load or the voltage of the positive input terminal Vin is unstable due to just being electrified, the control circuit E transmits a second level signal in the control signal to the sixth electrode b of the second switching device Q2, so that the fourth electrode C and the fifth electrode E of the second switching device Q2 are disconnected, the voltage at two ends of the first capacitor C1 is zero, and no current can pass between the first electrode S and the second electrode D of the first switching device Q1. The first switching device Q1 cuts off a circuit between the positive electrode of the dc power supply and the positive electrode of the load, and the dc power supply does not supply power to the load.
When the direct-current power supply finishes electrifying and needs to transmit power to a load, the control circuit E transmits a first level signal in the control signal to the sixth electrode b of the second switching device Q2, so that the fourth electrode C and the fifth electrode E of the second switching device Q2 are connected, after the fourth electrode C and the fifth electrode E are connected, the first capacitor C1 is charged, and the voltage at two ends of the first capacitor C1 is gradually increased. Along with the voltage rise at the two ends of the first capacitor C1, the first electrode S is communicated with the second electrode D, the direct-current power supply can supply power to the load and the second capacitor C2 through the first switching device Q1, and the current output by the direct-current power supply gradually changes from small to large due to the fact that the current which can pass between the first electrode S and the second electrode D is gradually increased, so that surge current during starting can be restrained, power failure and damage of components caused by overlarge current output by the direct-current power supply during starting are avoided, and the reliability of the system is improved. Meanwhile, since the change speed of the current between the first electrode S and the second electrode D is in positive correlation with the charging speed of the first capacitor C1, the soft start time of the switching circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance of the first capacitor C1 and the resistance value of the first resistor R1, and the larger the capacitance of the first capacitor C1 and the resistance value of the first resistor R1, the slower the change speed of the current between the first electrode S and the second electrode D and the longer the soft start time. Especially, compared with the design that the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is adopted to restrain the surge current in the prior art, the first switching device Q1 generates less heat, and the electric control power consumption is favorably reduced.
In addition, when the dc power supply supplies a current to the load through the switching circuit, the second capacitor C2 can reduce the fluctuation of the voltage to perform a current stabilizing function.
In an exemplary embodiment, the switching circuit further includes a second resistor R2. Two terminals of the second resistor R2 are electrically connected to the first electrode S of the first switching device Q1 and the fourth electrode c of the second switching device Q2, respectively.
After the fourth electrode C and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 are switched on, the first capacitor C1 is charged to make the first electrode S and the second electrode D of the first switching device Q1 conducted, so that the direct-current power supply can supply power to the load; after the fourth electrode C and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 are disconnected, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 connect the two plates of the first capacitor C1, the positive charges and the negative charges on the two plates of the first capacitor C1 can be neutralized by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the voltages on the two plates of the first capacitor C1 are reduced to zero, and thus the first electrode S and the second electrode D of the first switching device Q1 are disconnected, and the circuit between the dc power supply and the load is disconnected again.
In an exemplary embodiment, the switching circuit further includes a third resistor R3. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the sixth electrode b of the second switching device Q2, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the signal receiving terminal W. The control signal transmitted from the signal receiving terminal W is transmitted to the sixth electrode b through the third resistor R3.
The third resistor R3 is a current limiting resistor, and is used for reducing the current passing between the sixth electrode b and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2, and preventing the second switching device Q2 from being damaged.
In an exemplary embodiment, the switching circuit further includes a fourth resistor R4. One terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2, and the other terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to one terminal of the third resistor R3 to which the sixth electrode b is not connected.
The fourth resistor R4 is a pull-down resistor, and when the control signal output by the control circuit E is in a high-resistance state, the fourth resistor R4 can convert the control signal in the high-resistance state into a low-level signal and input the low-level signal to the second switch device Q2, so as to keep the second switch device Q2 turned off. Therefore, the situation that the state of the second switching device Q2 is uncertain when the second switching device Q2 receives a signal in a high-resistance state, and the system is unstable can be avoided.
In an exemplary embodiment, the second capacitor C2 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of second capacitors C2 are connected in parallel to the output terminal of the switching circuit.
The parallel connection of the second capacitors C2 can reduce the equivalent impedance when only one large capacitor is used for high frequency filtering.
It is understood that the first switching device Q1 may also be a triode, the first electrode S of the first switching device Q1 is an emitter of the triode, the second electrode D of the first switching device Q1 is a collector of the triode, and the third electrode G of the first switching device Q1 is a base of the triode.
Similarly, the second switching device Q2 may also be a field effect transistor, such as a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor. The fourth electrode c of the second switching device Q2 is a drain electrode, the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 is a source electrode, and the fifth electrode e of the second switching device Q2 is a gate electrode.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A switching circuit, comprising:
a first switching device comprising
The first electrode is used for being externally connected with a positive electrode of a direct-current power supply;
the second electrode is used for being externally connected with a load; and
a third electrode;
a second switching device including
A fourth electrode;
the fifth electrode is used for being externally connected with a negative electrode of a direct current power supply and a load; and
the sixth electrode is used for receiving a control signal, and the control signal can control the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode to be switched on and off;
a first capacitor having both ends electrically connected to the first electrode and the third electrode, respectively;
a first resistor, both ends of which are electrically connected to the third electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively;
wherein the first switching device is configured such that the current that can pass between the first electrode and the second electrode has an increasing tendency as the voltage across the first capacitor increases.
2. The switching circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a second resistor, wherein two ends of the second resistor are electrically connected to the first electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively.
3. The switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the first switching device is a field effect transistor or a triode.
4. The switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the second switching device is a triode or a field effect transistor.
5. The switch circuit of claim 4, further comprising a third resistor, one end of the third resistor being connected to the sixth electrode, and the other end of the third resistor being configured to receive the control signal.
6. The switch circuit of claim 5, further comprising a fourth resistor, wherein two ends of the fourth resistor are electrically connected to the fifth electrode and one end of the third resistor not connected to the sixth electrode, respectively.
7. The switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a second capacitor having one end connected to the second electrode and the other end connected to the fifth electrode.
8. The switch circuit according to claim 7, wherein the second capacitor is provided in plurality, and a plurality of the second capacitors are connected in parallel.
9. The switch circuit according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control signal comprises
The first level signal is used for driving the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode to be conducted; and
and the second level signal is used for driving the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode to be disconnected.
10. The switching circuit according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first switching device is further configured to open between the first electrode and the second electrode when the voltage across the first capacitor is zero.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221252378.7U CN217721151U (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Switching circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221252378.7U CN217721151U (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Switching circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217721151U true CN217721151U (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221252378.7U Active CN217721151U (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Switching circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN217721151U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-05-23 CN CN202221252378.7U patent/CN217721151U/en active Active
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