CN202958127U - Peeling and cleaning device for palm seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

A palm seed peeling and cleaning device, including a motor, a gearbox, a barrel body, a bracket and a lifter, the inner wall of the barrel body (9) is covered with convex teeth (10) or longitudinal grooves and ridges, and the barrel cover A variable frequency motor (1) and a gearbox (2) are installed above (4), and a stirring blade (8) with convex teeth (10) is installed on the stirring shaft (5). The variable frequency motor, gearbox, bucket cover, stirring The shaft and stirring blades are connected to form a stirring mechanism which is connected to the lifter on the bracket. There is a water inlet (15) and an overflow port (6) on the upper part of the barrel body, and a drainage and decontamination port with a valve (12) in the center of the barrel bottom. (13), there is a dividing plate (11) with sieve holes in the barrel body, and there is a short axis of rotation (7) outside the barrel body. This device can handle a large number of seeds, has high work efficiency, saves labor, and can effectively remove the germination of palm seeds. It is beneficial to improve the germination rate, germination index, germination uniformity and shorten the germination time of palm seeds.

Description

Palm seed peeling and cleaning device

technical field

The utility model relates to a mechanized treatment device for peeling and cleaning palm seeds before germination.

Background technique

Palm (Trachycaupus fortuner) is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Palmaceae, with a cylindrical trunk, large leaves, palmately split, and clustered stem tops. It is the most widely distributed and highest latitude palm tree species in China. The palm tree is beautiful, and it is always spring in four seasons. It is a good garden tree species. It is often used in gardens, roadsides and flower beds for greening. Palm wood can be used to make utensils. Ropes and palm leaves can be used as rainproof shelter covers, and flowers, fruits, palm roots and leaf-based palm plates can be processed into medicine and so on. The economic value of palm trees is high, but the germination time of palm plants is generally relatively long, about 3-6 months, and it may take up to 2 years or even longer to germinate. At present, palm planting still adopts the traditional method of directly sowing palm seeds. The seeds germinate for a long time, and the germination rate and uniformity are not high, which prolongs the palm production cycle, wastes a lot of land and labor, and has low economic benefits. Palm is an important raw material in landscaping, palm food production, and palm mattress production. The market demand for palm products is large and the economic benefits are good. However, due to the slow cultivation of palm forests, the supply of raw materials exceeds demand to a certain extent. The cultivation of palm forests starts with seed treatment and seedling cultivation.

Palm seeds belong to drupe seeds. The exocarp is thin, the mesocarp is thick and fibrous, and the endocarp is lignified and hard. Its germination opening is located near the central axis of the back of the endocarp in kidney-shaped seeds. The hard and thick seed coat hinders the seeds from absorbing water and oxygen. , Restraining the growth and outward growth of the embryo is the reason for the slow germination speed, low germination rate and irregular emergence of seeds.

Remove the seed coat barrier of palm seeds, improve the water absorption and air permeability of the seeds, and can effectively improve the germination rate, germination index, germination uniformity and shorten the germination time of palm seeds. The most common measure to take at present is to add acid (3%-5% dilute sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid) to process and mechanically damage the seed coat to accelerate germination (promptly so-called " embryo cover " is opened, and the seed coat on the blastopore surface is scraped off with a sharp knife. ), these two methods are simple and quick, but time-consuming and labor-intensive, labor-intensive, and inefficient with manual operations, it is not easy to handle a large number of seeds, and it is easy to damage the germ and reduce the germination rate, which is not worth the candle. The seed coat treatment method in the prior art cannot process a large number of seeds at one time. If palm seeds are to be processed on a large scale, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, which increases production costs and is not conducive to improving the speed and production efficiency of palm production.

On August 5, 2009, the State Intellectual Property Office disclosed the patented technology called "Small Hard Seed Treater", which introduced the structure and working principle of the small hard seed treater. The seed processor uses a frequency conversion motor to drive the feeding screw to rotate to drive the agitator to rotate for seed agitation and friction, and the seeds are transported by the feeding screw between the screw and the shell, between the dynamic friction disc and the static friction disc. Squeezing and rubbing make the seeds fully rubbed, thereby damaging or removing the seed coat, increasing the permeability of the seed, weakening the mechanical binding force of the seed coat, and promoting seed germination. This seed treatment device is specially invented for hard seeds, and can effectively remove the seed coat barrier of hard seeds, but the structure is complicated, and the one-time treatment volume is small, so it cannot be used for industrialized large-scale treatment of seeds.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a palm seed peeling and cleaning device.

The technical scheme adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

The palm seed peeling and cleaning device includes a motor, a gearbox, a barrel, a bracket and a lifter. The inner wall of the barrel with a lid is covered with convex teeth or longitudinally spaced grooves and ridges. A frequency conversion motor and a gearbox are installed above the cover, and a stirring blade with convex teeth is installed on the stirring shaft. Connected, the upper part of the barrel has a water inlet and an overflow port, the center of the bottom of the barrel has a drain and decontamination port with a valve, the middle and lower part of the barrel has a circular partition with sieve holes, and the middle and upper parts of the barrel correspond to two sides. A short axis of rotation to which the bracket is connected.

The height and width of the protruding teeth, the width and depth or height of the grooves and ridges are all 0.5-1.0 cm.

The stirring blades are helical blades or electric fan blades from top to bottom to three layers.

The maximum aperture of the sieve holes on the separator is smaller than the average particle diameter of palm seeds.

The location of the water inlet is higher than that of the overflow outlet, and the diameter of the water inlet is smaller than that of the overflow outlet.

In the gearbox, there is a detachable coupling between the rotating shaft and the stirring shaft.

The lifter on the support is a lifter combined with a screw rod and a bevel gear pair or a hand-operated screw lifter.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the design of the protruding teeth or ridges on the inner wall of the blade and barrel can increase the degree of friction and the friction surface of the seeds, and the overflow port and the partition with sieve holes are designed to carry out flotation and separation of the seeds. The function of screening can also separate the seed coat and remove sediment and sundries. The device can process the largest number of seeds at one time, high work efficiency, labor saving, can effectively remove the seed coat obstacle of palm seed germination, and help to improve the germination rate, germination index, germination uniformity and shorten the germination time of palm seeds, for Necessary pretreatment work has been done for the pre-germination of industrialized large-scale seedling cultivation.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the utility model.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing:

The palm seed peeling and cleaning device includes a motor 1, a gearbox 2, a barrel body 9, a support 14 and a lifter, and the inner side wall of the barrel body 9 with a barrel cover 4 is covered with convex teeth 10 or longitudinally spaced one by one. Grooves and ridges, a variable frequency motor 1 and a gearbox 2 are installed on the top of the bucket cover 4, a stirring blade 8 with convex teeth 10 is installed on the stirring shaft 5, the frequency conversion motor, gearbox, bucket cover, stirring shaft and stirring blades The mixing mechanism connected as one is connected with the lifter on the bracket. The upper part of the barrel body has a water inlet 15 and an overflow port 6. The bottom center of the barrel has a drainage and decontamination port 13 with a valve 12. The middle and lower part of the barrel body has a circular Partition plate 11 with sieve hole, there is rotating short shaft 7 that is connected with support 14 on the corresponding two sides in the middle and upper part outside the barrel body.

The height and width of the protruding teeth 10, and the width and depth or height of the grooves and ridges are all 0.5-1.0 cm.

The stirring blade 8 is a spiral blade or a fan blade type blade from top to bottom to three layers.

The maximum pore diameter of the sieve holes on the separator 11 is smaller than the average particle diameter of palm seeds.

The position of the water inlet 15 is higher than that of the overflow port 6, and the diameter of the water inlet is smaller than that of the overflow port.

The gearbox 2 has a detachable coupling 3 between its rotating shaft and the stirring shaft 5 .

The lifter on the support is a lifter combined with a screw rod and a bevel gear pair or a hand-operated screw lifter.

The volume of the barrel body 9 of this device is determined by the amount of processed seeds. Generally, it can be made by a barrel height of 150cm and a barrel inner diameter of 100cm. Plate 11 closes the valve 12 on the drainage and decontamination port 13, pours the palm seeds to be treated, pours water into the barrel body 9 from the water inlet 15, and when the water level in the barrel body reaches the overflow port 6, the descending stirring mechanism makes The stirring blade 8 is fully inserted into the seed pile, and the motor 1 is started at a slow speed of 0.5-1.0 rpm, and the shed seed coat and dead or unfulfilled seeds float and flow out of the barrel from the overflow port 6 with water; There are evenly distributed sieve holes on the 11, and the shed seed coats, insufficiently plump palm seeds and entrained silt can leak from the bottom of the sieve holes to the vicinity of the drainage and decontamination outlet 13, which plays a role in silt removal, impurity removal, and flotation. and the role of screening seeds. After these sundries are basically cleaned and removed, the speed is gradually adjusted to 180-300 rpm, and the valve 12 is opened while water is entering. The vortex is concentrated in the center of the bucket, and the seeds of both parts are rubbed against by the protruding teeth 10 (or ridges) to remove the seed coat and thin the shell, and the seed coat overflows from the overflow port 6 or is decontaminated downward from the drain Port 13 is discharged, and after processing is completed, stop the water intake and dry the water in the barrel, use a lifter to lift the stirring mechanism to a high position, and pour the seeds in the barrel to the basket or bag. It should be noted that the degree of friction of this device on the seed coat is related to the amount of treated seeds, the amount of water added, the height and density of convex teeth or grooves, stirring time, blade settings and rotating speed of the stirring mechanism, and attention should be paid at any time. The amount of seeds to be treated at one time, the amount of added water, the control of stirring time and stirring speed, beware of crushing and stirring the seeds.

There are many ways to adjust the height of the stirring mechanism, such as pulley block, hydraulic machine, etc., considering the convenience and low cost, use the combination of crank handle, bevel gear pair and screw rod to lift or use a hand-operated screw lifter.

The friction force of the blades with the spiral direction on the seeds is relatively moderate, which makes the water form a vortex. The force of the blades with one to three layers of electric fan blades is intense and uneven, and the force of the eddy current is large, so attention should be paid Speed control.

The palm seeds treated by the device are dried for a while and then subjected to initiation treatment such as seed soaking to accelerate germination or air-dried and stored for later use.

Claims (7)

1. a palm seed is removed the peel cleaning device, include motor (1), gearbox (2), staving (9), support (14) and lifter, it is characterized in that being covered with on staving (9) madial wall with bung (4) double wedge (10) or the groove at interval and convex ridge one by one longitudinally, the top of bung (4) is equipped with variable-frequency motor (1) and gearbox (2), the stirring vane (8) of band double wedge (10) is installed on shaft (5), variable-frequency motor, gearbox, bung, the link into an integrated entity rabbling mechanism that forms of shaft and stirring vane is connected with lifter on support, there is water inlet (15) on staving top and overflows assorted mouthful (6), there is the draining decontamination mouth (13) of band valve (12) at bucket center, the end, there is circle middle and lower part in staving with the dividing plate (11) of sieve aperture, there is the rotation minor axis (7) that is connected with support (14) the outer corresponding both sides, middle and upper part of staving.

2. palm seed peeling cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that wide and dark or the height of Gao Yukuan, groove and the convex ridge of described double wedge (10) is 0.5-1.0cm.

3. palm seed as claimed in claim 1 peeling cleaning device is characterized in that blade that described stirring vane (8) moves towards for spirality or the fan blade formula blade of to three layer from top to bottom.

4. palm seed peeling cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the maximum diameter of hole of the upper sieve aperture of described dividing plate (11) is less than the average grain diameter of palm seed.

5. palm seed as claimed in claim 1 peeling cleaning device is characterized in that described water inlet (15) present position higher than assorted mouthful (6) present position of overflowing, and the water inlet bore is less than the assorted mouthful bore that overflows.

6. palm seed peeling cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described gearbox (2), and detachable shaft joint (3) is arranged between its turning cylinder and shaft (5).

7. palm seed peeling cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the lifter on described support is lifter or the hand-operated spiral lifter that screw rod is combined with bevel gear pair.

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