CN201269135Y

CN201269135Y - Rotary piston type engine

Info

Publication number: CN201269135Y
Application number: CNU200820150787XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢能才
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-07-14
Filing date: 2008-07-14
Publication date: 2009-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 2018-07-14

Abstract

The utility model relates to an engine, in particular to a rotating piston type engine. The engine comprises a circular cylinder and two revolving solids; each revolving solid is provided with a plurality of pistons, and the two groups of pistons are arranged in the cylinder at intervals, so as to separate the cylinder into a plurality of working chambers with variable volumes; a rotor (2) is arranged at a rotor journal of an output shaft (1); in addition to revolving around the rotation center of the output shaft, the rotor also rotates around the center of the rotor journal (1a) on the output shaft; two ends, which are oppositely arranged around the rotation center for 180 degrees on the rotor, are respectively connected with the two revolving solids in the cylinder in a controllable way; when the output shaft and the rotor rotate at uniform speed, the two revolving solids rotate at the speed with cyclical fluctuations; the pistons on the revolving solids move along with the revolving solids, and two adjacent pistons continuously close to each other and then are separated from each other; and each working chamber of the engine sequentially complete four strokes of the engine work.

Description

A kind of rotary engine

Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of motor, particularly a kind of rotary engine.

Background technique: traditional four-stroke piston reciprocating type motor is to rely on fuel to promote piston up and down or horizontal reciprocating movement in the firing chamber internal combustion, by connecting rod and bent axle the straight line motion of piston is converted into the rotation of bent axle again.The major defect of this motor is 1. complex structures, and volume is big, weight is big.2. reciprocal inertia force that the to-and-fro motion of piston causes in the connecting rod and moment of inertia can not obtain complete equilibrium, and this inertial force size and rotating speed square are directly proportional, and the engine running smoothness is descended, and restriction develops rev-happy engine.3. because the working method of four-stroke reciprocating-piston engine is to have three strokes to rely on the rotation of flywheel inertia fully in four strokes, very inhomogeneous of power, the moment of torsion output that causes motor, reduce this shortcoming although modern motor has adopted multi-cylinder and V-type to arrange, can not eliminate fully.

In the 1950's, German engineer's wankel has solved key technology problems on the basis of summing up previous finding, succeed in developing first rotary engine.This motor has been avoided the to-and-fro motion of piston, directly drives the engine spindle rotation by the rotation of rotor in cylinder, and main shaft whenever rotates a circle the engine ignition acting once.Therefore it is more less than Reciprocating engine volume, weight is light and structure is simpler, in moment of torsion output also relatively evenly and can reach high rotational speed.But because the firing chamber of this motor not too helps the burning and the diffusion of fuel, therefore oil consumption rate height and tail gas discharging pollutant are more, moment of torsion output is not ideal enough during this low engine speed simultaneously, compression ratio is not high yet, be not suitable for use in diesel engine, this has just seriously limited the popularization and the utilization of this rotary engine.

Summary of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rotary engine.It also can be used as the product of air pump, oil pump and so on simultaneously.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and the main movement parts of a kind of rotary engine has: output shaft (1), rotor (2), two solid of rotation (7 and 8) etc.Output shaft is (n+1) :-n (n is a natural number) with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing and rotor with respect to the rotating ratio of output shaft.Two bent axles (3 and 4) are installed on the rotor, and their 180 degree are opposed, and the crank throw axle journal of bent axle is installed in an end of push rod, and hole and output shaft on the other end of push rod are installed with one heart.Sleeve is used to connect two push rods and two solid of rotation, rotor move through two bent axles, two push rods, and two sleeves be converted into the rotation of two solid of rotation.Install two groups of piston spaces that circumferentially are evenly distributed with on each solid of rotation on m piston and two solid of rotation, forms the working room of a variable volume between per two adjacent pistons, and 2m piston forms 2m working room altogether.In order to make two adjacent working rooms have identical working position (being the position such as igniting, intake and exhaust of motor), the ratio of n and m should be 2p-1:1 (p is a natural number).Rotor whenever revolves when turning around like this, output shaft rotation n+1 changes or n-1 changes, each working room of the individual working room of 2n/ on the motor (2p-1) finishes 2n stroke, if motor is four-stroke words, it is that n should be even number that this number of stroke should be 4 multiple, just rotor rotates a circle and drives two solid of rotation and respectively rotate a circle each working room's acting of this four stroke engine n/2 time.

In the above-mentioned rotary engine if output shaft with w ₀+ w ₀When the Constant Angular Velocity of/n is rotated continuously, w wherein ₀Be constant, the motion of two solid of rotation can be resolved into w ₀Motion and a motion that in certain angle range, swings back and forth with the angular velocity of cyclic fluctuation of the spin velocity rotation of/n.First group of piston and second group of piston be with the angular velocity rotation of two solid of rotation with cyclic fluctuation, two adjacent pistons constantly mutually near more mutually away from, when aspirating stroke, two adjacent pistons are mutually away from mixed gas is sucked cylinder; When compression stroke, two adjacent pistons are mutually near mixed gas is compressed; When expansion stroke, two adjacent pistons are mutually away from the torsion output that gaseous-pressure is converted into motor; When exhaust stroke, two adjacent pistons are mutually near waste gas is discharged cylinder.

The corresponding four stroke engine of n value that satisfies above-mentioned requirements has following characteristic: the individual equally distributed piston of n/ (2p-1) is arranged on each solid of rotation of motor, two groups of pistons on two solid of rotation form the individual working room of 2n/ (2p-1) altogether, rotor rotates a circle and drives two solid of rotation and respectively rotate a circle, two groups of pistons respectively move in cylinder n cycle, each working room's ignition-powering of motor n/2 time.Output shaft around the A point be v and rotor with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing around the B point with respect to the rotating speed of output shaft 1 situation for-v under, if all movement parts add the rotating speed of a v/n, then rotor rotates a circle, output shaft rotation n+1 week.

Output shaft around the A point be v and rotor with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing around the B point with respect to the rotating speed of output shaft 1 situation for-v under, if all movement parts add the rotating speed of a v/n, output shaft is n+1:-n with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing and rotor with respect to the rotating ratio of output shaft, it guarantees by a pair of inside engaged gear, wherein ring gear (13) be fixed on the rotor and and rotor rotation centres, external gear (14) be fixed on the fixed cylinder body and and the center of rotation of output shaft (1) concentric.

Rotor is installed on the eccentric journal of output shaft, what two ends on the rotor and a cylinder were interior realizes controlled the connection in the following manner of two solid of rotation: two solid of rotation elder generations and two push rods are rigidly connected respectively by two sleeves, two push rods and two sleeves are installed on the output shaft, they and output shaft rotate with one heart, angle between two push rods is corresponding to one in the cylinder or three working rooms, a bent axle is installed at the two ends of rotor respectively, and the crank throw axle journal of bent axle is enclosed within on the push rod in the corresponding hole.

Can be altogether with the above-mentioned cluster engine of two same form, to improve the output of motor, at this moment on the diverse location of output shaft, will have two around the rotation center 180 the degree opposed eccentric journal, two rotors are installed on these two axle journals, the two ends of each rotor and two interior solid of rotation controlled connections of difference of a circular cylinder, motor will have two circular cylinders.

The rotating speed of the rotor of this four stroke engine has only 1/ (n+1) of drive shaft speed, has so just reduced to drive the load of the gear of rotor rotation greatly, has improved the reliability of motor.

Because this four stroke engine has the individual working room of 2n/ (2p-1), each working room's acting is n/2 time in rotor rotates a circle, like this, under the situation that guarantees equal-wattage output, the volume and weight of this motor significantly reduces than Reciprocating engine, this has not only saved wide variety of materials for making motor, and makes motor more small and exquisite, more convenient installation.

Because this motor has reduced connecting rod, and the motion of suction port and relief opening dependence solid of rotation itself opens and closes; No longer need distribution device, comprise timing cingulum, camshaft, rocking arm, valve, valve spring etc., this just makes the needed parts of composition motor reduce significantly.Caused motor mechanisms greatly to be simplified, part reduces.

Because not directly contact between piston on this engine revolution body and the ring cylinder, but cylinder body is not produced the side direction active force by piston ring contact and piston, this just makes wearing and tearing between the two alleviate greatly, thereby has improved the reliability and the working life of motor.

By the size of the shared angle of the piston that changes this motor, just can make this motor satisfy the required compression ratio of various fuel, this makes the more generalization of this motor.

Because this motor has not had the straight reciprocating motion of piston and the valve mechanism of a series of high-speed motions, this has just alleviated the vibration and the noise of motor greatly, thereby makes this engine running more steady, quieter.

Because it is less that the firing chamber of this motor relatively is suitable for the burning and the heat diffusion area of fuel, thereby make motor have good fuel economy and emission performance.

Said mechanism not only can be used for also can serving as air pump as four stroke engine, the machinery of two strokes such as oil pump, and at this moment the n value not only can be got even number and also can be got odd number.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1A to 1I is the structure diagram and the working timing figure of motor

Fig. 2 is the front view of motor

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional drawing of motor

Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional drawing of motor

Fig. 5 is the C-C sectional drawing of motor

Embodiment (1):

In the structure shown in Figure 1A, if output shaft 1 is 1:-1 around the B point with respect to the rotating ratio of output shaft 1 with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing, rotor 2 around the A point, rotor 2 is zero with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing so, so the kinematic similarity that epitrochanterian two-end-point C and D point and B are ordered all moves in a circle.The length of bent axle 3 is CE, and the length of bent axle 4 is DF, and the length of push rod 6 is FA, and the length of push rod 5 is EA, and the premises all is the hinge center that two corresponding parts connect, and BD=BC, CE=DF, FA=EA.If output shaft and rotor are when rotating continuously, and rotor will drive two push rods by two bent axles and swing back and forth within the specific limits.Rotor motion moves to high order end hour angle ∠ FAE minimum to low order end hour angle ∠ FAE maximum.

If the rotating speed of output shaft 1 is v, if will above-mentioned all movement parts add that one is v/n with respect to the cylinder body size, direction and v are opposite, and around A point rotating speed, promptly the rotating speed of output shaft 1 becomes [(n+1)/n] * v, and other movement parts are constant with respect to the rotating speed of output shaft 1.Output shaft 1 is (n+1) :-n around the B point with respect to the rotating ratio of output shaft 1 with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing and rotor 2 around the A point like this.Rotate in the process of a circle around the A point with the component velocity of v/n in all movement parts, output shaft 1 has rotated the n circle with the component velocity of v again, and it has moved back and forth n time by rotor and two push rods of two bent axle drives is that n maximum angular and n minimum angle have appearred in ∠ FAE.And these angles are circumferentially spaced apart, and minimum and maximum angle sum is 360/n.The structure diagram of motor draws, equate with the distance of the controlled two-end-point that is connected of two solid of rotation on the rotor to rotor rotation central point, if they all are b, the movement locus equation that an end points C of rotor is ordered is x=a * cos (θ)+b * cos[1/ (1+n) * θ+90 °], y=a * sin (θ)+b * sin[1/ (1+n) * θ+90 °], the movement locus equation that another end points D of rotor is ordered is x=a * cos (θ)+b * cos[1/ (1+n) * θ-90 °], y=a * sin (θ)+b * sin[1/ (1+n) * θ-90 °], wherein a is the offset of eccentric journal on the output shaft, θ is the angle that output shaft turns over, coordinate is xAy, and wherein initial point A is the fulcrum of output shaft.

(referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) as shown in Figure 1 circumferentially respectively is being evenly distributed with m piston on two solid of rotation, and two groups of piston spaces are every installation, forms the working room of a variable volume between per two adjacent pistons, and then the working room is total 2m.Make the volume-variation of two adjacent working rooms just opposite, another swept volume of a single chamber was minimum just when promptly a swept volume of a single chamber was maximum, and the angle sum of these two working room's correspondences is always the 360/m degree.If allow ∠ FAE 1., 2. and 3. corresponding to three working rooms, wherein ∠ EAG corresponding to the working room 1., ∠ GAH corresponding to the working room 2., ∠ HAF corresponding to the working room 3., because ∠ GAH+ ∠ HAF is always the 360/m degree, 1. volume maximum of working room when therefore ∠ FAE is maximum, ∠ DCE is 1. volume minimum of hour working room, 1. the working room will circumferentially n maximum volume and n minimum volume occur at interval with ∠ DCE so, can certainly allow ∠ DCE only corresponding to a working room.The working room is 2. 1. adjacent with the working room, and it is just the opposite with working room's volume-variation 1..During design, should guarantee that 1. 2. the working room have identical working position (ignition location of motor, intake and exhaust position etc.) with the working room.If the bisector of angle position of correspondence was the position, minimum angle or the maximum angular position of working room when minimum angle or maximum angular appearred in the working room, then one of position, minimum angle 1., working room is the k degree, the maximum angular of adjacent so with it it is in k+360/2n degree position, when 1. the working room reaches maximum angular and during in k+360/2n degree position, corresponding working room 2. reaches minimum angle and the position is k+360/2n+360/2m, if the value of 360/2n+360/2m is 360/n p times (p is a natural number), just can guarantee that 1. 2. the working room have identical working position with the working room.Therefore 1/2n+1/2m=p/n is n=(2p-1) * m.If said structure is made as then rotate a circle each working room's ignition-powering n/2 time of solid of rotation of four stroke engine, wherein n/2 should be natural number, and promptly n should be even number.

Get p=1, n=4, output shaft 1 around the A point be v and rotor 2 with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing around the B point with respect to the rotating speed of output shaft 1 situation for-v under, all movement parts are added the rotating speed of a v/n, and allow angle ∠ FAE between two push rods corresponding to three working rooms, introduce the mechanical structure of motor.

As shown in Figure 1, allow ∠ FAE 1. corresponding to three adjacent working rooms, 2., 3., wherein the working room is 1. corresponding to ∠ EAG, the working room is 2. corresponding to ∠ GAH, the working room is 3. corresponding to ∠ HAF, 2. and the 3. corresponding angle sum in working room is always 90 degree, 1. volume maximum of working room when ∠ FAE is maximum like this, ∠ FAE is 1. volume minimum of hour working room, in the rotor rotation process in one week, 1. the working room will represent this 8 kinds of states respectively from Figure 1B → Fig. 1 I in proper order with ∠ FAE circumferentially occurring 4 maximum volumes and 4 minimum volume at interval, rotor rotation one is enclosed like this, and 1. the working room will finish two work cycle.

So owing on each solid of rotation of p=1, n=4 4 equally distributed pistons are arranged, two groups of pistons on two solid of rotation form 8 working rooms altogether, rotor rotates a circle and drives two solid of rotation and respectively rotate a circle, each working room's ignition-powering of motor 2 times, and rotor rotates a circle, 15 weeks of rotation of output shaft.

(referring to Fig. 4) as shown in Figure 3, the cylinder of motor are ring, and cylinder is to be assembled by stationary housing 9, stationary housing 10 and two solid of rotation 7 and 8.The rotating center of two solid of rotation is identical with the center of rotation of output shaft, and the cross section of the piston on two solid of rotation on the rotary middle spindle of crossing solid of rotation is circular, this cross section radius of a circle is slightly less than the circle radius of annulus cylinder, and piston ring all is installed on each piston.

(referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) push rod 5 rotates by sleeve 11 driven rotary bodies 7 as shown in Figure 3, and push rod 6 rotates by sleeve 12 driven rotary bodies 8, and an end of sleeve 11 is connected by spline or tooth with solid of rotation 7, and the other end is connected with push rod 5 by spline or tooth.One end of sleeve 12 is connected by spline or tooth with solid of rotation 8, and the other end is connected with push rod 6 by spline or tooth.Sleeve 11, sleeve 12 and output shaft 1 rotating center are installed with one heart, and sleeve 11 is installed on the sleeve 12, are installed on the output shaft 1 at sleeve 12, and endoporus 1a is arranged in output shaft 1, and lubricant oil is exactly to import each bearing etc. by this endoporus to need lubricated place.The crank throw axle journal of bent axle 3 is installed in an end of push rod 5, and the main journal of bent axle 3 is installed on the rotor.The crank throw axle journal of bent axle 4 is installed in an end of push rod 6, and the main journal of bent axle 4 is installed on the rotor.The crank radius of two bent axles equates, the center, hole that two bent axles are installed on the rotor rotate sub-rotation center at circumferential 180 degree opposed and they equate to the distance at rotor rotation center.

On (referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5) output shaft 1 an eccentric journal 1b is arranged as shown in Figure 3, rotor 2 is installed in eccentric journal 1b and upward and on the rotor 2 gear ring 13 is installed, the rotation centres of it and rotor 2, and this ring gear will mesh with fixing gear 14, fixing gear 14 is the center with the center of rotation of output shaft 1, when output shaft 1 rotates like this, rotor 2 is except around output shaft 1 rotates, also with certain rotating speed rotation, because the gear ratio of gear 14 and gear ring 13 is 4:5, this has just guaranteed that output shaft 1 is 5:-4 with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing and rotor 2 with respect to the rotating ratio of output shaft 1, and negative sign is represented direction of rotation.Because the center of rotation of rotor 2 and the fixed distance of output shaft 1 center of rotation, therefore can on the center hole of the opposite side of rotor 2, an eccentric bushing 15 be installed, the rotation centres of the cylindrical of eccentric bushing 15 and rotor, the center of rotation of endoporus and output shaft 1 with one heart and this borehole jack on sleeve 11, rotor also has except the eccentric journal by output shaft 1 supports by this eccentric bushing support like this, two

bent axles

3 and 4 are installed on rotor 2, the main journal on the both sides of bent axle is installed in the hole corresponding on the rotor, the installation of bent axle for convenience adopts the split types assembling promptly two-part to be cutd open into along the diameter in hole in the hole with installing on the rotor in 4 holes of two bent axles near two holes of interior ring gear 13, puts into bent axle earlier and these two parts are tightened together by screw again when assembling.The crank throw axle journal of each bent axle is installed in the hole of

corresponding push rod

5 or 6, this hole also is to adopt split type, to be convenient to the installation of bent axle, two push rods all are installed on the output shaft 1, they all rotate around output shaft 1 center of rotation, push rod 6 is enclosed within by tooth or spline coupling sleeve 12 with sleeve 12 that its other end is connected by tooth or spline with solid of rotation 8 on the output shaft 1, push rod 5 is directly installed on the output shaft 1 across the both sides of push rod 6 and in the hole near a side of output shaft 1 eccentric journal, the hole of opposite side is installed on the sleeve 12, and this side links to each other by tooth or spline with sleeve 11, and sleeve 11 is enclosed within on the sleeve 12 and its another side links to each other by tooth or spline with another solid of rotation 7.

Position, minimum angle, the working room of (referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) motor has 4 and adjacent two location intervals, 90 degree as shown in Figure 4, be used to install spark plug (motor is under the situation of petrol engine) in one of two adjacent positions, on the cylinder body of about 15 degree in the both sides of another position two through holes are arranged, they are respectively applied for exhaust and air inlet.The inside of cylinder body 9 and cylinder body 10 has a looping pit 9a and a 10a respectively, and cooling water flows out after flowing into the mobile circle of looping pit again, with cooled engine.Certainly low-powered engine also can adopt air cooling way to add on cylinder body 9 and 10 that promptly many radiating fin are to strengthen heat radiation.

As shown in Figure 3, on the fitting surface on two solid of rotation, can leave the corresponding circular groove and then the corresponding seal ring of packing into, to improve the effect of sealing.Also can adopt similar method to improve sealing effect on the fitting surface of cylinder body 9 and solid of rotation 8 and on the fitting surface of cylinder body 10 and solid of rotation 7.

Because the rotor of this machine is done the eccentric motion mode, it need be installed corresponding balanced controls two equilibrium blocks promptly are installed on the output shaft of the both sides of rotor, they move with output shaft 1, these two unbalanced forces that each eccentric motion parts of equilibrium blocks energy complete equilibrium one-spool engine are produced.

A plurality of above-mentioned identical rotary engines can be combined, to improve the output of motor, on the diverse location of output shaft (1), will have a plurality of around the rotation center circumferential equally distributed eccentric journal, a plurality of rotors are installed on these a plurality of eccentric journals, the two ends of each rotor respectively with a circular cylinder in controlled a connection of solid of rotation, motor will have a plurality of circular cylinders.

Claims

1, a kind of rotary engine, it has a circular cylinder and two solid of rotation, the individual piston of n/ (2p-1) is arranged on each solid of rotation, wherein p is a natural number, n is an even number, p=1 particularly, n=4, install these two groups of pistons space in cylinder, they are separated into cylinder the working room of the individual variable volume of 2n/ (2p-1), it is characterized in that: rotor (2) is installed on the eccentric journal of output shaft (1), rotor is except the also eccentric journal on output shaft (1a) center rotation around the revolution of output shaft center of rotation, the solid of rotation in the cylinder and controlled connection of an end of rotor, another solid of rotation in the cylinder and controlled connection of the other end of rotor, the two ends of rotor are opposed around its rotation center 180 degree, if when output shaft and rotor uniform rotation, two solid of rotation will be with the rotational speed of cyclic fluctuation.

2, a kind of rotary engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: output shaft is n+1 :-n with respect to the rotating speed of stationary housing and rotor with respect to the rotating ratio of output shaft, this ratio guarantees by a pair of inside engaged gear, wherein ring gear (13) be fixed on the rotor and and rotor rotation centres, external gear (14) be fixed on the fixed cylinder body and and the center of rotation of output shaft (1) concentric.

3, a kind of rotary engine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the two ends of rotor and two solid of rotation can be by two bent axles, two push rods and two controlled connections of sleeve, wherein the main journal of two bent axles is installed in the two ends of rotor, the crank throw axle journal of bent axle is installed in the hole of two push rods, two push rods are installed on the output shaft and they rotate around the center of rotation of output shaft, and two push rods are connected by sleeve with a solid of rotation respectively.

4, a kind of rotary engine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: two main journals are arranged on each bent axle, they are installed in respectively in two holes of each end of rotor, split type is adopted in one of these two holes, the crank throw axle journal of bent axle is installed on the push rod in the hole, and split type is also adopted in this hole.

5, a kind of rotary engine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: two push rods are installed on the output shaft, they are connected with solid of rotation on the cylinder by sleeve, one of them sleeve (12) is enclosed within on the output shaft, its end is connected by tooth or spline with a solid of rotation (8), and the other end also is to be connected with a push rod by tooth or spline; Another sleeve (11) is enclosed within on the above-mentioned sleeve (12), and it is connected by tooth or spline with another solid of rotation (7), and the other end of this sleeve also is to be connected with another push rod by tooth or spline.

6, a kind of rotary engine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: be with an eccentric bushing (15) on the rotor, the offset of the offset of this eccentric bushing and the eccentric journal of output shaft (1a) equates, eccentric bushing is contained in the rotation center hole of rotor, and the inner hole sleeve of eccentric bushing is on a sleeve (11).