CN208987556U - A kind of block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

Pond is divided into sequentially connected breeding block, hatching block and nursery block, aerator is arranged in pond by a kind of block type Ecology pond provided by the utility model breeding and seedling equipment；It is equipped with the first grid frame between the breeding block and hatching block, the second grid frame is equipped between the hatching block and nursery block, the gas outlet of the aerator is set in breeding block, hatching block and nursery block.The utility model additionally provides a kind of block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling method.Pond is separated into three special functional blocks of ecological environment by the utility model, and carry out block functionality optimization, accurately meet sexual gland reach maturity naturally, natural spawning, hatching and nursery Ecology condition, significantly improve spawning rate, hatching rate and nursery rate；Three blocks are carried out orderly, automation by partial circulating and systemic circulation to merge, one-way circulation water high density seedling system is finally integrated into, comprehensively improves the efficiency of breeding and nursery.

Description

A kind of block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling equipment

Technical field

The utility model belongs to technical field of aquaculture, is related to a kind of by pond progress functional blocks separation, division At breeding block, hatching block and nursery block, to improve fish, the especially strong rare fish natural breed of stress reaction The method of efficiency.

Background technique

Currently, what the method that artificial propagation of fish mainly uses " artificial induced spawning " carried out, i.e., by the parent population of sexual gland maturation into Pedestrian's work injection of hormone hastens parturition or accelerates the ripening, and the fertilized eggs that artificial insemination obtains are hatched in incubation equipment, then moves in nursery pond It is cultivated.Conventional " artificial induced spawning " propagation method technology is complicated, accurate due to that can not carry out to gonadal maturation degree Judgement needs to lay in a large amount of parent population, carries out operation of repeatedly hastening parturition, so the damage to parent population is larger, and needs by multiple Miscellaneous equipment and continual manual maintenance becomes maximum working strength in aquaculture production, difficulty maximum and greatest risk One of work.Many fish lead to the blind of artificial induced spawning since stress reaction is stronger or gonadal maturation degree is difficult to judge Mesh is very big, once it does not lay eggs just dead due to sexual gland expansion, reproductive efficiency is low or can not be real moreover, parent population hormone is hastened parturition Apply artificial propagation.

Method using " artificial induction's natural spawning " is more mild, more mature to gonad development in mating period Parent population merging spawning pond is cultivated, and preferable nutrition, the excellent water quality ecological ring such as suitable temperature, illumination and water flow are provided Border induces its natural spawning in artificial " receiving ovum bucket ", " collection egg apparatus " or " fish nest ".It was found that after a large amount of ovipositions, by artificial oviposition Equipment is taken out, and is placed in incubation equipment and is hatched.Due to being not necessarily to carry out artificial insemination, Er Qieshou smaller to the injury of parent population Smart rate and hatching rate are high, it is considered to be most effective propagation method.

Research in terms of fish natural spawning is rarely reported, and the systematic Study of related breeding physiology and hormone induction is more It is rare.Fish natural spawning practice in often problem appear to is that, gonad development is asynchronous, and the egg-laying season is longer, often continues two Wheat harvesting period or so, time-consuming and laborious, reproductive efficiency is lower；Moreover, many fertilized eggs can not obtain, cause damages.Our research Show that the gonad development of the edgy rare fish such as hilsa herring, gold spot, silver osmanthus fish and barramundi is asynchronous, reason is often Be as the stress reaction in the nurturing period it is excessive caused by (liu etc. 2018).Equally, Shourbela (2016) is also reported The hormone induction effect of Channel-catfish fish gonad development has been made in chronic stress reaction (chronic stress) suppression.Cause the original of stress reaction Because very much, mainly originating from the reasons such as unstable breeding environment, poor water quality, nutrition improper and artificial scaring, injury.Example Such as, using the method for conventional antenatal " artificial induction's natural spawning ", silver osmanthus fish spawning rate is low (﹤ 62%), and gonad development Poor synchronization, egg-laying season continue 82 days, the fish-egg of output can not centralized collection, fry kills each other, and causes nursery rate lower, difficult To be applied to large-scale production.

Domestic and foreign scholars are newest the study found that reducing stress reaction can be improved the reproductive efficiency of natural spawning method, master It wants method to be included in front of mating period, reproductive population is put into Ecology spawning pond in advance, raise meticulously, parent population is allowed to adapt to produce Ovum pond significantly improves fish sexual gland coefficient close under natural environment (daily rhythm including temperature and illumination) discharge condition (Wylie etc. 2018).Enter hydrocortisone content (122- of the U.S.'s silver osmanthus fish parent fish of spawning pond cultivation in oviposition in advance 148ng/g) it is substantially less than the parent population (163-195ng/g) (Liu et al. 2018) of " artificial induction's natural spawning ".Related research table It is bright, improve the ecological environment of parent fish rearing before laying eggs, reduce its stress reaction, promote sexual gland natural maturity, optimization is bred and educated The method of seedling promotes rare fish aquaculture industry development to have important application value to reproductive efficiency and breeding efficiency is improved. However, these only rest on the experimental study stage at present, still without preferable device and mature technique.

Utility model content

Technical problem: being lost big, technology complexity, great work intensity to solve parent population in existing " artificial induced spawning " technology, And " artificial induction's natural spawning " period is long, breed low efficiency, it is at high cost, restrict industry development the problem of, the utility model According to parent population, fertilized eggs and fry to the specificity of ecological environment demand, biological property and Ecology recirculated water high density Pond is separated into three special functional blocks of ecological environment by nursery principle, i.e. breeding block, hatching block and nursery garden Block, and block functionality optimization is carried out, the antenatal adaptability for strengthening parent population is cultivated, so as to accurately meet antenatal sexual gland hair It is bred as ripe, natural spawning, hatching and the Ecology of nursery condition, reduces stress reaction, improves production efficiency.

Technical solution: a kind of block type Ecology pond provided by the utility model breeding and seedling equipment divides pond For sequentially connected breeding block, hatch block and nursery block, aerator is set in pond；The breeding block and hatching It is equipped with the first grid frame between block, the second grid frame, the aerator are equipped between the hatching block and nursery block Gas outlet be set to breeding block, hatching block and nursery block in；It further include the first water pump and the first net cage, described first Net cage is set to hatching block, and the first water pump is set in the first net cage, and the first water pump is numerous for the water for hatching block to be evacuated to It grows in block；It further include the second water pump and the second net cage, second net cage is set to nursery block, and the second water pump is set to In two net cages, the second water pump is used to be evacuated to the water of nursery block in breeding block.

As an improvement, further including the first solar protection devices, first solar protection devices is set to the top of hatching block.

It is improved as another kind, further includes the second solar protection devices, first solar protection devices is set to nursery block center Top.

As another kind improve, the aerator include sequentially connected air pump, ventilation pipe, one group of nanometer gas stone or Gas row, one group of nanometer gas stone or gas row are set in breeding block, hatching block and nursery block；Preferably, the gas Pump is turbine type air pump.

It is improved as another kind, first grid frame and the second grid frame are the grid frame of 5-40 mesh.

The utility model additionally provides a kind of block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling method, comprising the following steps:

(1) it is aerated: before use, being that breeding block, hatching block and nursery block are inflated using aerator, making each block Aeration is uniform, dissolved oxygen is sufficient；

(2) breed: by the good parent population merging breeding block of gonad development, the water for hatching block is pumped by the first water pump Breeding block, the water for breeding block enter hatching block via the first grid frame, thus between breeding block and hatching block Partial circulating water flow is formed, parent population gonad development is stimulated, parent population is made to lay eggs；It is floating that the fish-egg given birth to is divided into viscid egg, buoyant egg and half Property ovum, breeding block in be put into laying nest, for collecting viscid egg；Homogenous charge in block is being bred using aerator, So that buoyant egg and semibuoyant egg are evenly distributed in water layer；Water flow push breeding block water flow via the first grid frame into While entering to hatch block, buoyant egg, semibuoyant egg and newly hatched larvae is also made to flow into hatching block；It, will after batch is laid eggs Parent population catches out from breeding block；

(3) hatch: fish-egg is hatched in hatching block；Food organisms are cultivated in nursery block within 0-0 days before hatching；It incubates When change, when newly hatched larvae starts flat trip, the second water pump is opened, the water of nursery block is pumped into breeding block, numerous by the second water pump The water for growing block enters hatching block via the first grid frame, the water of hatching block enters nursery block via the second grid frame, To form systemic circulation water flow between breeding block, hatching block and nursery block, newly hatched larvae is flowed through with systemic circulation water Second grid frame enters nursery block nursery；

(4) nursery: newly hatched larvae carries out nursery in nursery block.

Specifically, pond is separated into life according to the physilogical characteristics and ecological demand different with nursery are bred by this method Three special functional blocks of state environment, i.e. breeding block, hatching block and nursery block, and it is excellent to carry out block functionality Change, allows parent population to be adapted to egg-laying environment as early as possible, reach maturity naturally to accurately meet sexual gland, natural spawning, hatch and educate The Ecology condition of seedling.Three above block to the identical requirement of excellent water quality outside, needed with completely self-contained, different ecologies Summation production function.

The ecological characteristic for breeding block is unidirectional flowing water, sufficient illumination, stable and excellent clear water ecological environment, with Meeting parent population gonad development stimulates stronger water flow and the specific demand of rhythmicity temperature, illumination and water quality；Parent population is set Adaptability cultivation is carried out in the breeding block of imitative natural ecology, larger flowing water culture environment, parent population is allowed to be adapted to lay eggs as early as possible Environment promotes sexual gland to reach maturity naturally, and natural spawning, and the fertilized eggs of output or prelarva enter incubation division with partial circulating water flow Block is hatched naturally.

The ecological characteristic for hatching block is dark environment, uniform to be aerated, to meet fertilized eggs and newly hatched larvae to micro- Liking for water is turned over, the harm of solar irradiation is avoided；Before hatching, the cultivation of clear water bait is carried out in nursery block, is that newly hatched larvae is quasi- Standby sufficient microzooplankton.

The ecological characteristic of nursery block is then clear water, and sufficient phytoplankton and nutrition, dissolved oxygen, aeration, gentle illumination need It constantly rich water and clear water to cultivate, to meet the growth demand of zooplankter.After the completion of hatching, newly hatched larvae is with systemic circulation water Stream enters nursery block, and agreeable to the taste bait of ingesting is cultivated.

At the end of batch is laid eggs, most of fish-egg or newly hatched larvae enter hatching block, Ke Yi with partial circulating water flow In the case where not damaging fry, parent population is caught out from breeding block, prevents parent population from killing and devouring fish-egg or fry；The parent population not laid eggs can It is put into new spawning pond to continue to lay eggs, the recycling rate of waterused that improves parent population, the fry for avoiding different batches cut one another's throat, and take turns numerous wheel The new process caught can carry out breeding batch metaplasia and produce.

With the growth of fry, the function of breeding and hatching is lost, and systemic circulation flowing water merges three block functions, finally It integrates, Microorganism in Water catharsis can be improved in flowing water, forms the hyperpycnal flow rice seedling on watered bed system of one-way circulation.

This method integrates the method for pond natural propagation and high density semi-aerobic landfill fry in an orderly manner, constitutes Rare fish reproduction and seedling system easy to operate, production is orderly, reliable and stable, taking turns numerous new process caught of taking turns can be bred Batch metaplasia produces, and has saved cost, has improved efficiency.

The utility model has the advantages that pond is separated into three special functional blocks of ecological environment by the utility model, and carry out area Block functionality optimization, accurately meet sexual gland reach maturity naturally, natural spawning, hatching and nursery Ecology condition, significantly Improve spawning rate, hatching rate and nursery rate；Three blocks orderly, automation is carried out by partial circulating and systemic circulation to merge, It is finally integrated into one-way circulation water high density seedling system, comprehensively improves the efficiency of breeding and nursery.

Specifically, the utility model has advantage following prominent compared with the existing technology:

(1) this method enhances the antenatal cultivation of parent population, and spawning rate is high.On the one hand, breeding block provides for reproductive population Warm excellent antenatal Ecology breeding environment, may advantageously facilitate gonad development, have stronger lure to gonad development synchronism Effect is led, the spawning rate of parent population is improved.On the other hand, it without hastening parturition, avoids conventional method and hastens parturition to operate before oviposition and cause Stress reaction, to stress reaction compared with strong, gonad development is irregular, or the kind that can not accurately implement artificial induced spawning especially has Effect.

(2) this method is damaged parent population small, can reuse.Taking turns numerous new process caught of taking turns can carry out breeding multiple batches ofization Production, parent repeatedly match, high recycling rate；The fry of different batches is avoided to cut one another's throat.Since fertilized eggs incubate son with first Fish can all be collected at hatching block, when the numerous wheel of wheel is caught, will not mix water because of fishing parent population and choke fry to death.

(3) high production efficiency of this method oviposition and hatching.Partial circulating will lay eggs and hatching effectively integrates, and automation is incubated Change, overcomes the disadvantages such as complicated for operation, the time-consuming, large labor intensity of conventional method artificial incubation；Systemic circulation makes newly hatched larvae lossless Wound automatically flows into the nursery block of bait abundance, expands seedlings growing area, flowing water promotes self-purification of water function, facilitates bait And fry growth.

(4) this method by the special oviposition of ecological functions, hatching, nursery orderly, automatically integrating, reduce manual operation pair The injury of fertilized eggs and fry improves the facility utilization rate and production efficiency of fish reproduction and nursery, for fish reproduction and educates The automation of seedling provides valuable technical solution.

(5) this method is simple and easy to do, and controllability is strong, is not necessarily to special installation, low in cost, is suitable for ecological environment harshness Rare sea water and fresh water fish breeding and nursery, have a large promotion value.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling equipment.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is further illustrated below.

Embodiment 1

Block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling equipment, is shown in Fig. 1, and pond is divided into sequentially connected breeding block 1, is incubated Change block 2 and nursery block 3, aerator 4 is set in pond；The first net is equipped between the breeding block 1 and hatching block 2 Gridiron 5 is equipped with the second grid frame 6 between the hatching block 2 and nursery block 3.First grid frame 5 and the second grid frame 6 be the grid frame of 5-40 mesh.

The aerator 4 includes sequentially connected air pump 41,42, one groups of nanometer gas stones of ventilation pipe or gas row 43, institute It states one group of nanometer gas stone or gas row 43 is set in breeding block 1, hatching block 2 and nursery block 3；In the utility model, institute Stating air pump 41 is turbine type air pump.

It further include the first water pump 21, the first net cage 22 and the first solar protection devices 23, first net cage 22 is set to hatching Block 2, the first water pump 21 are set in the first net cage 22, and the first water pump 21 is used to for the water for hatching block 2 to be evacuated to breeding block 1 It is interior；First solar protection devices 23 is set to the top of hatching block 2.

It further include the second water pump 31, the second net cage 32 and the second solar protection devices 33, second net cage 32 is set to nursery Block 3, the second water pump 31 are set in the second net cage 32, and the second water pump 31 is used to for the water of nursery block 3 to be evacuated to breeding block 1 It is interior；First solar protection devices 33 is set to the top in 3 center of nursery block.

Utilize the breeding and seedling device nursery of above-mentioned block type Ecology pond, comprising the following steps:

(1) it is aerated:

Pond is Tu Chi or cement pit, is separated into breeding block 1, hatching three functionality such as block 2 and nursery block 3 Block；Since spring Changes in weather is variable, using the nursery of greenhouse pond, bad weather can be reduced to oviposition, hatching and nursery It influences.

Before use, being that breeding block 1, hatching block 2 and nursery block 3 are inflated using aerator 4, it is aerated each block Uniformly, dissolved oxygen is sufficient.That is, aerator 4 is the inflation of three above functional blocks by ventilation pipe using turbine type air pump, Due to being uniformly distributed nanometer gas stone or gas row in each block, so that each block aeration in pond is uniformly, dissolved oxygen is sufficient.

(2) breed: parent population is bred in breeding block 1；

It will be in the good parent population merging breeding block 1 of gonad development；In hatching block 2 close to the corner of breeding block 1, peace 22 etting of the first net cage that dress is built-in with the first water pump 21 is 60-100 mesh, and the first net cage 22 can effectively prevent fish-egg or prelarva Into in the first net cage 22, in order to avoid the sucking of the first water pump 21；It breeds block 1 and hatches block 2 by the first net of mesh 5-40 Gridiron 5 separates, and parent population is effectively prevented to enter hatching block 2 from breeding block 1；

First water pump 21 by hatch block 2 water be pumped into breeding block 1, breed block 1 water via the first grid frame 5 into Enter to hatch block 2, to form partial circulating water flow between breeding block 1 and hatching block 2, stimulates parent population gonad development, make Parent population oviposition；The fish-egg given birth to is divided into viscid egg, buoyant egg and semibuoyant egg, laying nest is put into breeding block 1, for receiving Collect viscid egg；Homogenous charge in block 1 is being bred using aerator 4, so that buoyant egg and semibuoyant egg are evenly distributed on water In layer；Water flow push breeding block 1 water flow via the first grid frame 5 enter hatching block 2 while, also make buoyant egg, Semibuoyant egg and newly hatched larvae flow into hatching block 2；In this way, constantly buoyant egg, half are floated by the partial circulating water flow 24 formed Property ovum and newly hatched larvae from breeding block 1 introduce hatching block 2.

After batch is laid eggs, parent population is caught out from breeding block 1, prevents parent population from killing and devouring fish-egg or fry, but also fish The batch of ovum or fry is close, prevents difference in size greatly different, the fry of different batches is avoided to cut one another's throat；The parent population not laid eggs can It is put into new spawning pond, reuses, continues to lay eggs.

(3) hatch: fish-egg is hatched in hatching block 2；

Hatch 2 top of block all to be covered by the first solar protection devices 23, the injury to avoid solar irradiation to fertilized eggs.

Hatching first 10-20 days in the 3 clear water bait culture of nursery block, the food organisms such as culture of rotifera, cladocera；In nursery Block 3 and breeding 1 joint of block, install the second net cage 32, are built-in with the second water pump 31；When hatching, when newly hatched larvae starts When flat trip, the second water pump 31 is opened, the water of nursery block 3 is pumped into breeding block 1 by the second water pump 31, the water of breeding block 1 passes through Enter the water for hatching block 2, hatching block 2 by the first grid frame 5 via the second grid frame 6 into nursery block 3, thus numerous It grows and forms systemic circulation water flow between block 1, hatching block 2 and nursery block 3, newly hatched larvae flows through the second net with systemic circulation water Gridiron 6 enters 6 nursery of nursery block；

(4) nursery: newly hatched larvae carries out nursery in nursery block 3；

The second solar protection devices 33 is built in the center of nursery block 3, by the 3 part sunshade of nursery block；Sunlight trains bait Important facilitation is given birth to, but has stronger radiation breakdown to act on fry especially prelarva, part sunshade mentions for prelarva Sunshade protective effect has been supplied, has also provided illumination for planktonic organism；When sunlight is too strong, prelarva meeting collective inhabits the second sunshade Under device 33, radiation injury is avoided；

As fry constantly grows up, fry can enter hatching block 2 and breeding block 1 against the current, pass in and out, equably Three blocks are distributed in, three blocks are mutually merged, finally integrated, and form the high density seedling system of one-way circulation.

Enumerate several more specific examples below to illustrate the utility model.

Natural propagation and nursery of 2 U.S. mandarin fish of embodiment in block type Ecology system.

U.S. silver osmanthus fish (Pomoxis nigromaculatus), abbreviation silver osmanthus fish are that the important trip in the U.S. fishes fresh-water fishes, The end of last century introduces China, and fine and tender taste is sweet, pierces between no flesh, the favor by market.Silver osmanthus fish is cheated in cave to lay eggs, male Fish protects ovum.It is lower using the method production silver osmanthus fish crop of traditional natural oviposition, seed critical shortage is caused, industry hair is restricted Exhibition.

The main reason for silver osmanthus fish reproductive efficiency is low is due to its special biological property.It belongs to the meat repeatedly laid eggs Feeding habits fish, sexual gland is smaller, limited amount of once laying eggs, in addition its stress reaction is larger, artificial induced spawning low efficiency, damage is larger, So natural spawning is main modes of reproduction.However, after breeding, it is necessary to capture all parent populations, and seine Shi Huiyan Grievous hurt fry.If not in time all pulled parent out, parent can kill and devour fry, moreover, the fry of different batches is mutually residual It kills, all that has been achieved is spoiled.

In the block type pond breeding bred for silver osmanthus fish and seedling system, pond is Tu Chi or cement pit, is divided It is divided into breeding block, hatching three functional blocks such as block and nursery block.Pond is passed through into ventilation pipe 42 by air pump 41 For the inflation of three above functional blocks, it is uniformly distributed nanometer gas stone or gas row 43, so that each block aeration in pond is uniformly, it is molten Oxygen is sufficient.

Since U.S. silver osmanthus fish is more sensitive to external environment, and there is stronger stress reaction, in the early spring, when water temperature height When 15 DEG C or more, by the good parent population merging breeding block 1 of gonad development, preceding cultivation of laying eggs is carried out.Breed block 1 and hatching Block 2 is separated by the first intermediate grid frame 5 (mesh 5-40), prevents parent population from entering hatching block 2 from breeding block 1.? Hatch block 2 close to the corner of breeding block 1, installation is built-in with 22 (the etting 60-100 of the first net cage of the first water pump 21 Mesh), it is pumped by the first water pump 21 into breeding block 1 and forms partial circulating water flow 24, stimulate parent population gonad development；Work as gonad development Maturation, when temperature reaches 18-22 DEG C, the milter of silver osmanthus fish builds cave in the bottom of pond of breeding block and cheats, and attracts raun to enter cave hole and produces Ovum, milter squeeze out sperm fertilization, then drive raun away, and milter, which is kept, cheats shield ovum in cave, eat ovum to prevent other fishes.

Through hatching in 2-3 days, prelarva was hatched, and was swum in the water layer of breeding block 1.Prelarva with partial circulating water flow constantly Hatching block 2 is flowed into from breeding block 1, newly hatched larvae is taken out of from breeding block 1 constantly, concentrates on hatching block 2, just incubates son Fish swims in water in hatching block 2 with inflation.First net cage 22 effectively can prevent prelarva from entering in net cage, avoid The sucking of one water pump 21 injures.Hatch block 1 and all covered by the first solar protection devices 23, to avoid solar irradiation to newly hatched larvae Injury.At the end of batch is laid eggs, silver osmanthus fish parent fish is caught out from breeding block 1, prevents parent population from killing and devouring fry, but also fish-egg Or the batch of fry output is close, prevents difference in size greatly different, the fry of different batches is avoided to cut one another's throat；The parent population not laid eggs It can be put into new spawning pond, reuse, continue to lay eggs.Since partial circulating constantly imports newly hatched larvae and concentrates on hatching Block when catching parent population, will not damage fry because of seine.

In nursery block 3 and breeding 1 joint of block, the second net cage 32 is installed, the second water pump 31 is built-in with.When most of When newly hatched larvae puts down trip, the second water pump 31 is opened, the water of nursery block is pumped into breeding block 1, forms systemic circulation water flow 34, just Incubating prelarva constantly will enter nursery block 3 by the second grid frame 6 with systemic circulation water flow, start bait of ingesting, be trained It educates.The second solar protection devices 33 is built with puggaree in the center of nursery block, by nursery block part sunshade.Sunlight trains bait Important facilitation is given birth to, but has stronger radiation breakdown to act on fry especially prelarva, part sunshade mentions for prelarva Sunshade protective effect has been supplied, has also provided illumination for planktonic organism, has improved water temperature, has promoted bait fast-growth.Work as sunlight When too strong, prelarva meeting collective inhabits the second solar protection devices 33, avoids radiation injury.As fry constantly grows up, silver osmanthus fish Seedling can enter hatching block 2 and breeding block 1 against the current, pass in and out, be distributed evenly in three blocks.Three blocks mutually melt It closes, finally integrates, form the hyperpycnal flow rice seedling on watered bed system of one-way circulation.

During nursery, systemic circulation water body flow, regular administration of probiotics preparation, for example, to include gemma bar are kept Based on the probiotics such as bacterium, nitrifier and lactic acid bacteria, monthly sprays 1-6 times, by water body flow, strengthen the purification of water quality energy of water body Power establishes the great-hearted purification of water quality microbial flora of health.

2017, silver osmanthus fish is improved significantly using the block type Ecology breeding of the utility model and seedling system and is produced Ovum efficiency and survival rate of seedling.In 600 square metres of block type breeding and seedling system, none loss of silver osmanthus fish parent fish is produced Ovum rate is 83%, cultivates the silver osmanthus fry of 12.7 ten thousand tail 3cm, obtains preferable economic benefit.

Embodiment 3: natural propagation and nursery of the barramundi in block type Ecology system.

Barramundi (Lates calcarifer), is predacious fish, is distributed in Southeast Asia, northern Australia and Western Pacific edge The rare fish in sea.Individual larger, delicious meat, the deep love and esteem by American-European rare seafood market.Barramundi the last century 70's China is introduced, chasing after for the ground raiser such as Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian is constantly subjected to and dotes on, this is because it not only grows comparatively fast, yield Height, and its wide salt characteristic are suitble to have wide inland and coastal cultivation promotion prospect in seawater and freshwater aquiculture.So And the artificial propagation low output of barramundi, seed need a large amount of imports, restrict the development of barramundi aquaculture industry.

The main difficulty of barramundi artificial propagation is its special hermaphroditic biological property, nutritional need and drop The breeding habit of extra large migration, the egg-laying season is longer, stronger to the dependence of the change of circumstances.Barramundi under field conditions (factors), in fresh water Growth is very fast, and the barramundi weight that 2-3 is enabled is up to 3-5 kilograms.The barramundi that 3-4 is enabled is from inland waters migration to salinity 30- 32 ‰ it is coastal, sexual gland gradually reaches maturity and lays eggs.Barramundi is a kind of hermaphroditic fish that male is first mature, what 3-4 was enabled Fish most fish develops into male, and the fish beginning property conversion that 5-6 is enabled, most fish is transformed into female, participates in breeding, nature Breeding period is from April to August.Domestic scholars are less to its reproductive biology feature and ecological habit research, urged using traditional artificial The method of production, spawning rate is low, and low seedling survival rate, fry mutually kills and devour, and there is no effective solution scheme, and the fry of barramundi is long Phase relies on import.

In the block type pond breeding bred for barramundi and seedling system, pond is Tu Chi or cement pit, is divided It is divided into breeding block, hatching three functional blocks such as block and nursery block.Pond is passed through into ventilation pipe 42 by air pump 41 For the inflation of three above functional blocks, it is uniformly distributed nanometer gas stone or gas row 43, so that each block aeration in pond is uniformly, it is molten Oxygen is sufficient.

It is more sensitive to extraneous environmental change in view of barramundi, there are stronger stress reaction, gonad development to manual operation Asynchronous, needing foundation to have, environment is controllable, stablizes, is protected from weather influences, and the excellent Ecology parent population reinforced cultivating of water quality is set It applies.3 orders or more, complete, not damaged, the movable active, property of scale are selected when water temperature is higher than 15-18 DEG C or more in the early spring The well-developed parent population of gland, merging are bred in the seawater of block 1, and female-male proportion 1:1-1.5, salinity is 15-32 ‰, are produced Adaptability is cultivated before ovum.Nurturing period feeds seawater fish parent fish special feed or chilled small fish, 2-3 times daily.Breed block 1 Separated with hatching block 2 by the first intermediate grid frame 5 (mesh 5-40), prevents parent population from entering incubation division from breeding block 1 Block 2.In hatching block 2 close to the corner of breeding block 1, installation is built-in with 22 (the etting 60- of the first net cage of the first water pump 21 100 mesh), it is pumped by the first water pump 21 into breeding block 1 and forms partial circulating water flow 24, stimulate parent population gonad development；Before cultivation Phase, salinity are 15-25 ‰.When sexual gland is gradually reached maturity, and temperature reaches 25-30 DEG C, male barramundi starts to chase raun, And natural spawning.The fertilized eggs of barramundi are that buoyant egg floats in water in the case where aeration, and a part of fertilized eggs can be with Partial circulating water flow flows into hatching block 2.Under the conditions of 28 DEG C, hatched in 20 hours.Newly hatched larvae with partial circulating water flow constantly Hatching block 2 is flowed into from breeding block 1, concentrates in the water layer of hatching block swimming.

First net cage 22 of hatching block can effectively prevent fertilized eggs and newly hatched larvae from entering in net cage, avoid the first water The sucking injury of pump 21.Hatch block and all covered by the first solar protection devices 23, is incubated to fertilized eggs and just to avoid solar irradiation The injury of prelarva.At the end of batch is laid eggs, barramundi parent population is caught out from breeding block 1, prevents parent population from killing and devouring fry, but also The fish-egg or fry batch of output are close as far as possible, prevent difference in size greatly different, the fry of different batches is avoided to cut one another's throat；Due to Barramundi oviposition is not concentrated, and the parent population not laid eggs can be put into new spawning pond, is reused, is continued to lay eggs.Not due to partial circulating Fertilized eggs and newly hatched larvae are imported and are collected at hatching block by disconnected ground, when catching parent population, mix water when not will cause seine Injury to fry.

In nursery block 3 and breeding 1 joint of block, the second net cage 32 is installed, the second water pump 31 is built-in with.Hatch second It opens the second water pump 31 when the flat trip of most of newly hatched larvaes, the water of nursery block is pumped into breeding block 1, formation follows greatly Ring water flow 34, newly hatched larvae constantly will enter nursery block 3 by the second grid frame 6 with systemic circulation water flow, and start to ingest Bait is cultivated.7-10 days before barramundi oviposition, the organic fertilizer (50-100 kgs/acre) of fermentation is launched in nursery block, Implement clear water and cultivates food organisms.Smaller, the about 1.6mm of individual of barramundi newly hatched larvae, small wheel animalcule (60-100um) is most It is suitable.In one week of nursery initial stage, steamboat borer population amount is checked daily, and supplement wheel animalcule, make wheel animalcule quantity not less than 4-6/ ml.During nursery, every 2-3 days addition chlorellas, Isochrysis galbana mother liquors carry out fortification to food organisms, help to improve Survival rate of seedling.Nursery the 15-25 days, as fry growth speed is accelerated, the mixed of fish slurry and fry capsule feed was fed daily Liquid is closed, and gradually increases the content of feed, is splashed 5-10 times daily, a small amount of more meal is adhered to, uniformly splashes, supplement natural bait Deficiency is gradually reinforced taming and dociling food.When fry reaches 3-4 centimeters, capsule feed is directly fed, accomplishes fixed point, timing, quantify.When When fry reaches 4-5 centimeters, fry is caught, band water carries out sub-sieve, and a point pond is raised, and fry is avoided mutually to kill and devour.When specification reaches When to 6-8 centimeters, sub-sieve again, at this point, tame and docile food is completed in barramundi fingerling, it is less mutually to kill and devour phenomenon, can sell or support It grows.

The second solar protection devices 33 is built with puggaree in the center of nursery block, by nursery block part sunshade.Sunlight pair Algae and natural bait cultivation have important facilitation, but have stronger radiation breakdown to act on fry especially prelarva, Part sunshade provides sunshade protective effect for prelarva, also provides illumination for planktonic organism.When sunlight is too strong, prelarva or fish Miao Hui collective inhabits the second solar protection devices 33, avoids radiation injury.As fry constantly grows up, barramundi seedling can against the current into Enter to hatch block 2 and breeding block 1, passes in and out, be distributed evenly in three blocks.Three blocks mutually merge, last whole It is integrated, forms the hyperpycnal flow rice seedling on watered bed system of one-way circulation.

During nursery, systemic circulation water body flow, regular administration of probiotics preparation, for example, to include gemma bar are kept It based on the probiotics such as bacterium, nitrifier and lactic acid bacteria, monthly sprays 1-6 times, by water body flow, strengthens water body probiotics to water quality Detergent power, and great-hearted purification of water quality microbial flora of keeping fit.

Barramundi spawning efficiency is improved significantly using the block type Ecology breeding of the utility model and seedling system And survival rate of seedling, especially improve the breeding efficiency of barramundi.Since the fry of barramundi is smaller, about 1.62mm, Slow in early growth in fry, yolk bag is larger, and manual operation is easy injury, and survival rate is lower.By bait culture in this method Combine with bait supplement, bait early stage is sufficient, and growth is fast, and can merge larvae cultivation and nurture of fish fingerlings, no Pond must be divided, muddy water chokes fry to death when also avoiding fishing fry.In 520 square metres of block type breeding and seedling system, point kiss Perch parent population spawning rate is 96%, cultivates the barramundi seed of 7.3 ten thousand tail 6-8cm, and Individual Size is uniform, reduces fry The risk mutually killed and devour has biggish market potential.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling equipment, it is characterised in that: pond is divided into sequentially connected breeding Block (1) hatches block (2) and nursery block (3), and aerator (4) are arranged in pond；The breeding block (1) and hatching The first grid frame (5) are equipped between block (2), the second grid frame is equipped between the hatching block (2) and nursery block (3) (6), the gas outlet of the aerator (4) is set in breeding block (1), hatching block (2) and nursery block (3)；Also wrap The first water pump (21) and the first net cage (22) are included, first net cage (22) is set to hatching block (2), and the first water pump (21) is set It is placed in the first net cage (22), the first water pump (21) is used to for the water for hatching block (2) being evacuated in breeding block (1)；Further include Second water pump (31) and the second net cage (32), second net cage (32) are set to nursery block (3), the second water pump (31) setting In the second net cage (32), the second water pump (31) is used to for the water of nursery block (3) being evacuated in breeding block (1).

2. a kind of block type Ecology pond according to claim 1 breeding and seedling equipment, it is characterised in that: further include One solar protection devices (23), first solar protection devices (23) are set to the top of hatching block (2).

3. a kind of block type Ecology pond according to claim 1 breeding and seedling equipment, it is characterised in that: further include Two solar protection devices (33), second solar protection devices (33) are set to the top in nursery block (3) center.

4. a kind of block type Ecology pond according to claim 1 breeding and seedling equipment, it is characterised in that: the aeration Device (4) includes sequentially connected air pump (41), ventilation pipe (42), one group of nanometer gas stone or gas row (43), and described one group is received Rice gas stone or gas row (43) are set in breeding block (1), hatching block (2) and nursery block (3)；Preferably, the air pump It (41) is turbine type air pump.

5. a kind of block type Ecology pond according to claim 1 breeding and seedling equipment, it is characterised in that: described first Grid frame (5) and the second grid frame (6) are the grid frame of 5-40 mesh.