CN101731166B - Artificial propagation method of perccottus glehni - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method of perccottus glehni Download PDFInfo
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- CN101731166B CN101731166B CN2009102232962A CN200910223296A CN101731166B CN 101731166 B CN101731166 B CN 101731166B CN 2009102232962 A CN2009102232962 A CN 2009102232962A CN 200910223296 A CN200910223296 A CN 200910223296A CN 101731166 B CN101731166 B CN 101731166B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000798838 Perccottus glenii Species 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000016087 ovulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000006 pectoral fin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001670009 Eleotridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000500086 Pseudorasbora parva Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002196 ecbolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial propagation method of perccottus glehni. The technical scheme of the invention is that the artificial propagation of the perccottus glehni is realized by adopting the methods of collecting, stocking, breeding, artificial propagation, hatching, fry breeding and the like of the perccottus glehni, and the artificial propagation of the perccottus glehni has important practical significance for increasing the variety of freshwater cultured fishes, adjusting the culture structure and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of freshwater aquaculture industry in northern areas of China.
Description
Technical field:
Ge Shi perch sleeper (Perccottus glehni) belongs to Perciformes (Perciformes) pool sweet wine section (Eleotridae), is commonly called as " old man fish ", the fat head in mountain, the fish of returning to life from the nether world, and is small-sized freshwater fish.Mainly being distributed in Heilungkiang, Tu Men river and Liaohe River water system in China, is a kind of small-sized indigenous fish of north China, in addition, in Russia, Korea and Japan distribution is arranged also.
Background technology:
Ge Shi perch sleeper is studied less relatively at present both at home and abroad, and just the biology to it has fragmentary report with culturing, and concentrates on mostly on the report of the Ge Shi perch sleeper of fishing in the recreational fisheries, and in artificial propagation, does not also report so far.
Because vigorous its resource situation that makes of the market demand further worsens; Ge Shi perch sleeper has been in Critical Condition in former a lot of resourceful waters; In order to protect and develop this famous and precious rare fish; Its resource is recovered as early as possible and be able to reasonable utilization, people are in the artificial propagation of making great efforts research Ge Shi perch sleeper.
Summary of the invention:
The artificial fecundation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Ge Shi perch sleeper.
Technical solution of the present invention is to adopt following steps to realize the artificial propagation of Ge Shi perch sleeper:
Collection and the cultivation of a, Ge Shi perch sleeper kind fish: gather wild Ge Shi perch sleeper kind fish, body weight 30～100g/ tail is gathered the back with 30-40g/L saline solution dipping bath 5-10 minute;
B, put, cultivate kind of a fish in a suitable place to breed: will plant fish and put into square, area 8-10m
2The cultivation pond in put in a suitable place to breed, cultivate, density is 15-20 tail/m
2, 30 centimetres of the depth of waters, water temperature are controlled at 14 ℃-17 ℃, and after the kind fish went into the pond, through 3-4 days slow fishes, 5-6 days began the bait of throwing something and feeding, and bait adopts live bait and fish gruel to combine, and feeding volume accounts for 10% of kind of fish body weight, and the cultivation time is 30-60 days;
C, artificial propagation: the artificial induced spawning of planting fish; Ocyodinic is by plain No. 2 of human chorionic gonadtropin and ovulation induction, DOM, mixing match, and raun injection accumulated dose is every kilogram: DOM 2～5mg+HCG 400IU.+LRH-A2 6～8 μ g; Adopt pectoral fin base portion biphasic injection mode; Two pin spacings are about 12 hours, and raun first pin injection accumulated dose 1/4, the second pin is injected surplus; Milter dosage is raun 1/2, in cultivating the pond, places the breeding fish nest simultaneously, arranges the about 1/m of density
2, planting fish density group is 2 groups/m
2, the mode of employing natural spawning was laid eggs about 48 hours from kind of the fish of hastening parturition, and the ovum of output is a viscosity, fusiformis, yellow, fairly regular is arranged on the fish nest;
D, hatching: to place water temperature be that 16 ℃, mesh are 60 bolting silk net cage attaching ovum fish nest, adopts the method for air-pump inflating hydrostatic hatching to carry out incubating oosperm, and between the incubation period, the shading of black sunshade net is put up in bolting silk net cage top;
E, fry rearing: Ge Shi perch sleeper fry is early stage adopts indoor cement pit to cultivate, and water temperature is controlled at 17 ℃, and it is 2-4 ten thousand tails/m that newly hatched larvae is put seedling density
2, when putting seedling, inoculation chlorella and wheel animalcule; Density is ten thousand/milliliter of chlorella 30-40 and wheel animalcule 5-15/milliliter; Behind the prelarva initial feeding, open-mouthed bait adopts manual work to throw something and feed and filters microplankton, fed one time every day with 80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk; Hatching back was worked throw something and feed an amount of wheel animalcule and copepoda, the naked abdomen flea young on the 7th day, and throw 1-2 every day.
The success of Ge Shi perch sleeper artificial propagation, to increasing the kind of cultured freshwater fish, structure is cultured in adjustment, promotes the sustainable sound development of north China freshwater aquaculture industry, all has important practical significance.
Embodiment:
1, plants collection and the cultivation of fish
The mid-March that is captured in every year of Ge Shi perch sleeper; From fish for the fisherman, take timing acquiring, set up an office and support, purchase according to qualifications, concentrate the mode of transportation to collect wild Ge Shi perch sleeper temporarily; Specification 30～100g transports and puts in a suitable place to breed preceding with about 30-40g/L saline solution dipping bath 5-10mil.
2. cultivate pond, hatching facility, water source
2.1 cultivating the pond is square cement pit, area 8-10m
2, the dark 40-50cm in pond, at the bottom of the pond and around pave with Polypropylence Sheet, put into pvc pipe, fragment of brick things concealed in the pond as the clock fish, gather and carry out disinfection to cultivating the pond with potassium permanganate before fish is put in a suitable place to breed.
2.2 the hatching facility is indoor cement pit or 5 * 2 * 1m
3The bolting silk net cage, mesh is 60.
2.3 the water source is a underground water, water quality is pure and fresh, and dissolved oxygen is abundant, and water quality meets water quality standard for fishery.
3. breeding density, cultivation
3.1 parent fish rearing density: with 15-20 tail/m
2Be advisable.
3.2 parent fish rearing: after the kind fish went into the pond, through 3-4 days slow fishes, the bait that 5-6 day begins to throw something and feed was cultivated kind of a fish.Bait adopts live bait and fish gruel to combine, and according to the food situation, feeding volume accounts for about 10% of fish body weight greatly, and live bait is small-sized fishes such as pseudorasbora parva; Because Ge Shi perch sleeper preyed at night, not enough as finding forage fiss, precedingly between the lights in time add the nurturing period; The pond water remains on about 30 centimetres, and according to the water quality situation, carry out soil pick-up to cultivating the pond every day; Changed water once in every 2-3 days, and kept water temperature between 14 ℃-17 ℃, transparency is as the criterion at the bottom of with visible pond.
4. artificial propagation
4.1 hasten parturition season: artificial induced spawning season of Ge Shi perch sleeper, water temperature requirements was at 14～17 ℃ generally in mid-April～mid-May, and the righttest water temperature of hastening parturition is 16 ℃.
4.2 ripe selection of planting fish: do not have significant difference at ordinary times in appearance, but in reproduction colony, milter seems, and build is tall and thin, the body colour blackout, the raun belly is bigger, can see the cloacal aperture redness sometimes.
4.3 oxytocic hormone: when manual work is hastened parturition; Ocyodinic is by plain No. 2 (LRH-A2) DOMs (DOM) of human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG) and ovulation induction, mixing match, and raun injection accumulated dose is every kilogram: DOM 2～5mg+HCG 400IU.+LRH-A2 6～8 μ g.Adopt pectoral fin base portion biphasic injection mode, about two pin spacing 12h, raun first pin injection accumulated dose 1/4, the second pin injection surplus; Milter dosage is raun 1/2.
4.4 artificial induced spawning, do nest, lay eggs
4.4.1 artificial induced spawning: in cultivating the pond, plant fish and move about slowly evening, rob food actively the time, begin to carry out artificial induced spawning, select physique healthy and strong, anosis, do not have wound, well-developed kind of fish, divide and put into spawning pond after injecting hormones 2 times, the male and female ratio is 1: 1.Being fit to the water temperature range that Ge Shi perch sleeper hastens parturition is 15-17 ℃, and the too high meeting of water temperature causes the spawning and fertilization effect to reduce, and it is smooth to cause hastening parturition when more serious, be to cooperate incubating oosperm and fry rearing, the water temperature of hastening parturition with about 16 ℃ for the most suitable.
4.4.2 do nest: we have invented Ge Shi perch sleeper breeding fish nest when carrying out the carp artificial propagation of the Ge Shi perch pool, and the fish nest is a brick formula structure, are combined by three blocks of common bricks, arrange the about 1/m of density
2, planting fish density group is 2 groups/m
2
4.4.3 lay eggs: adopt the mode of laying eggs of natural spawning, laid eggs about 48 hours from the parent population of hastening parturition.The ovum of Ge Shi perch sleeper output is a viscosity, fusiformis, and yellow, fairly regular is arranged on the special fish nest.
5. hatching
After collecting fertilized egg with the artificial induced spawning mode, to place water temperature be the incubator box about 16 ℃ attaching ovum fish nest, adopts the method for air-pump inflating hydrostatic hatching to carry out incubating oosperm; For improving incubation rate, reduce light intensity, between the incubation period; The shading of black sunshade net is put up in the incubator box top; The hatching water is handled through filtering, and water temperature remains between 15-17 ℃, about 140 hours ruptures of membranes.Find in the hatching process that incubation temperature surpasses more than 22 ℃, fertilized egg can be all dead, and in the preference temperature scope, hatchability of fertile eggs is all more than 90%.
6. fry rearing
6.1 fry rearing mode: Ge Shi perch sleeper fry rearing mode can generally be divided into two kinds, adopts indoor cement pit to cultivate or later stage outdoor earth pond cultivation in early days.
6.1.1 indoor cement pit is cultivated the pond water temperature and is controlled at about 17 ℃, it is 2-4 ten thousand tails/m that newly hatched larvae is put seedling density
2When putting seedling, inoculation chlorella and wheel animalcule, density is ten thousand/milliliter of chlorella 30-40 and wheel animalcule 5-15/milliliter, every 2m
2Establish one in gas stone at the bottom of the nursery pond, inflate continuously; Behind the prelarva initial feeding; Fed one time every day, by the prelarva developmental stage different bait of throwing something and feeding, the hatching back rose in the 7th day throw something and feed an amount of wheel animalcule with (or) copepoda, the naked abdomen flea young; Throw every day 1-2 time (look young postlarva food ration and decide); Exceed with the slightly residual bait of being satiated with food,, carry out the transition to the artificial feed of throwing something and feeding fully gradually at postlarva later stage a small amount of manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding.In cultivating process, to regularly absorb the dirt at the bottom of the pond,, begin row and change water from putting behind the seedling the 3rd day; Early stage can per 3 days soil pick-ups once, change 1/3 water, mid-term can per 2 days soil pick-ups once; Change 1/2 water, every day in later stage soil pick-up once, change water once; Respectively change 1/3 water at every turn, need keep water temperature stability when changing water, notice that the temperature difference is no more than 2 ℃.But after fry grows to 1.5cm, can continue in cement pit, to cultivate, or cultivate in the immigration rich water soil pond.
6.1.2 the later stage outdoor earth pond is cultivated
Outdoor earth pond is cultivated elder generation's " doing water " before fry is thrown in; Promptly cultivate food organisms; Make algae and plankton in the pond sufficient, in seedling raising process, can rely on the natural productiveness in pond itself to keep the required food organisms abundance of fry, if food organisms can be dropped into fermentation back chicken manure to increase the natural productiveness in native pond itself when not enough; Perhaps outer wheel animalcule or the cladocera of adding; But if topdress after adding wheel animalcule or copepoda outside, its production effect is preferable again, when fry grows to can sell specification the time again with fry net results.
6.2 open-mouthed bait: adopt the manual work microplankton (filtering with 80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk) " opening " of throwing something and feeding to cultivate, prelarva begins the agreeable to the taste bait of active ingestion animal property after membrane 4-5 days.
6.3 cement pit nurturing period management work: 1. keep mechanical aeration; 2. keep water quality pure and fresh; 3. keep enough food density to satisfy the Ge Shi perch sleeper seedling needs of ingesting.4. with flexible rubber hose pond bottom sediments dirt siphon is discharged every day.
The ovum of Ge Shi perch pool carp is a viscosity, fusiformis, and yellow, what the ovum of output was fairly regular sticks on the fish nest, does not have overlapping phenomenon, so its hatchability of fertile eggs is very high, reaches more than 80%.
The squab prelarva of Ge Shi perch pool carp is very little, has only millimeter, though be predacious fish, open-mouthed bait still is a zooplankton, therefore, cultivates pond water quality under the fry before the pool, is to improve key of survival rate.
Claims (1)
1. the artificial fecundation method of a Ge Shi perch sleeper is characterized in that adopting following steps to realize the artificial propagation of Ge Shi perch sleeper:
Collection and the cultivation of a, Ge Shi perch sleeper kind fish: gather wild Ge Shi perch sleeper kind fish, body weight 30～100g/ tail is gathered the back with 30-40g/L saline solution dipping bath 5-10 minute;
B, put, cultivate kind of a fish in a suitable place to breed: will plant fish and put into square, area 8-10m
2The cultivation pond in put in a suitable place to breed, cultivate, density is 15-20 tail/m
2, 30 centimetres of the depth of waters, water temperature are controlled at 14 ℃-17 ℃, and after the kind fish went into the pond, through 3-4 days slow fishes, 5-6 days began the bait of throwing something and feeding, and bait adopts live bait and fish gruel to combine, and feeding volume accounts for 10% of kind of fish body weight, and the cultivation time is 30-60 days;
C, artificial propagation: the artificial induced spawning of planting fish; Ocyodinic is by plain No. 2 of human chorionic gonadtropin and ovulation induction, DOM, mixing match, and raun injection accumulated dose is every kilogram: DOM 2～5mg+HCG 400IU.+LRH-A2 6～8 μ g; Adopt pectoral fin base portion biphasic injection mode; Two pin spacings are about 12 hours, and raun first pin injection accumulated dose 1/4, the second pin is injected surplus; Milter dosage is raun 1/2, in cultivating the pond, places the breeding fish nest simultaneously, arranges the about 1/m of density
2, planting fish density group is 2 groups/m
2, the mode of employing natural spawning was laid eggs about 48 hours from kind of the fish of hastening parturition, and the ovum of output is a viscosity, fusiformis, yellow, fairly regular is arranged on the fish nest;
D, hatching: to place water temperature be that 16 ℃, mesh are 60 bolting silk net cage attaching ovum fish nest, adopts the method for air-pump inflating hydrostatic hatching to carry out incubating oosperm, and between the incubation period, the shading of black sunshade net is put up in bolting silk net cage top;
E, fry rearing: Ge Shi perch sleeper fry is early stage adopts indoor cement pit to cultivate, and water temperature is controlled at 17 ℃, and it is 2-4 ten thousand tails/m that newly hatched larvae is put seedling density
2, when putting seedling, inoculation chlorella and wheel animalcule; Density is 30 1 40 ten thousand/milliliter of chlorellas and wheel animalcule 5-15/milliliter; Behind the prelarva initial feeding, open-mouthed bait adopts manual work to throw something and feed and filters microplankton, fed one time every day with 80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk; Hatching back was worked throw something and feed an amount of wheel animalcule and copepoda, the naked abdomen flea young on the 7th day, and throw 1-2 every day.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102232962A CN101731166B (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2009-11-23 | Artificial propagation method of perccottus glehni |
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| CN2009102232962A CN101731166B (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2009-11-23 | Artificial propagation method of perccottus glehni |
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| CN101731166A CN101731166A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| CN101731166B true CN101731166B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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| CN105409856B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2019-08-20 | 宜章洪成特种水产繁育场 | Snakehead fish breeding method |
| CN105994090A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-10-12 | 天津现代晨辉科技集团有限公司 | Method for propagating and breeding lion-head golden fish |
| CN109548717A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-02 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of Micropterus salmonoides seed method for massively culturing |
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