CN205657183U - Dual-polarized three-beam antenna and its feeding network device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dual polarization three-beam antenna and feed network device thereof. The dual-polarization three-beam antenna comprises a metal substrate, at least 4 rows of antenna arrays, a first polarization power divider and a second polarization power divider which are respectively equal to the number of the antenna arrays, and a first polarization Butler matrix feed network and a second polarization Butler matrix feed network, wherein each polarization Butler matrix feed network comprises a Butler matrix and a power divider, the Butler matrix comprises a first bridge, a second bridge, a third bridge, a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter. This antenna structure can form 3 fixed directional double polarization beams on the horizontal direction, forms a fixed directional double polarization beam in the vertical direction, and the overlap area is little between 3 beams of horizontal direction, thereby can increase equipment RRU quantity and increase data capacity, this double polarization three wave beam antenna, the data capacity of antenna itself has been increased, anti-interference effect is good, the stable performance, simple structure, light in weight, easily installation, can effectively reduce cost, satisfy venue or the regional demand of large tracts of land cover.

Description

Dual-polarized three-beam antenna and its feeding network device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a dual-polarization three-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station and a feeding network device thereof.

Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and the sharp increase of mobile communication business volume, the coverage area of mobile communication network is constantly expanding and perfecting. And it becomes more and more important, the demand is larger and larger, and the beam form is required to be more and more complex.

Traditional base station antennas communicate by generating a fixed wide beam in the coverage area. Due to the continuous increase in communication traffic and the increase in coverage area, it is impossible to meet the demand for one antenna, and multi-faceted antennas are prone to interference. Cost It will also double, and it will not get very good results.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a dual-polarized three-beam antenna and its feeding network device for solving the above-mentioned technical problems, which has large capacity, good anti-interference effect, stable performance, simple structure, light weight, easy installation, and can effectively reduce costs. Meet the needs of venues or large coverage areas.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a feed network device for a dual-polarized three-beam antenna, including: the first and second two polarized Butler matrix feed networks with the same structure; The Butler matrix feeding network includes a Butler matrix and a power divider, and the Butler matrix includes a first electric bridge, a second electric bridge, a third electric bridge, a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter, so The first bridge, the second bridge and the third bridge each include two input ports and two output ports, and the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter each include an input port and an output port, Wherein: the two input ports of the first electric bridge are respectively used as two input ports of the Butler matrix, and one input port of the second electric bridge is connected with one input port of the third electric bridge to form a Butler matrix. Another input port of the matrix; one output port of the first electric bridge is connected to another input port of the third electric bridge, and another output port of the first electric bridge is connected to another input port of the second electric bridge Connection; one of the output ports of the second electric bridge is used as the output port of the Butler matrix after passing through the second phase shifter, and the other output port is directly used as the output port of the Butler matrix, and one of the output ports of the third electric bridge is After the first phase shifter is used as the output port of the Butler matrix port array, the other output port is directly used as the output port of the Butler matrix; each output port of the Butler matrix is correspondingly connected to each input port of the power divider.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model also provides a dual-polarized three-beam antenna, including at least four antenna arrays, a first polarized power splitter, a second polarized power splitter, and the feed network as described above device; the number of the first polarized power splitter and the second polarized power splitter is equal to the number of columns of the antenna array; each row of the antenna array includes at least two antenna radiation units, and the antenna radiation unit includes A +45° polarization antenna unit and a -45° polarization antenna unit vertically intersected to form one; the number of power distribution ports of each of the first polarization power splitters is not less than that of each column of antennas The number of antenna units in the +45° polarization mode in the array, the number of power distribution ports of each of the second polarized power splitters is not less than the number of antenna units in the -45° polarization mode in each antenna array; Wherein, the power distribution ports of each of the first polarized power splitters are respectively electrically connected to the antenna elements of the +45° polarization mode in the same column antenna array, and the power distribution ports of each of the second polarized power splitters The power distribution ports are respectively electrically connected to the -45° polarization antenna elements in the same column antenna array; the power combining ports of each of the first polarization power splitters are respectively connected to the first polarization in the feeding network device The power distribution ports of the power divider of the Butler matrix feed network are electrically connected, and the power combining ports of each of the second polarized power dividers are respectively connected to the second polarized Butler matrix feed network in the feed network device. The power distribution port of the power splitter is electrically connected.

Further, the dual-polarized three-beam antenna includes a metal substrate, each column of the antenna array is arranged on the upper surface of the metal substrate, and the first polarized power splitter and the second polarized power splitter are arranged on the metal substrate the lower surface.

Further, the number of power distribution ports of the power divider of the first polarization Butler matrix feed network in the feed network device is not less than the number of columns of the antenna array, and the second polarization in the feed network device The number of power distribution ports of the power divider of the Butler matrix feed network is not less than the number of columns of the antenna array.

Further, the structure of the first polarized power splitter and the second polarized power splitter is the same; the allocation of each power distribution port of each of the first polarized power splitter and the second polarized power splitter The power amplitudes are the same, and the distributed power of each adjacent power distribution port has the same phase difference, so that the vertical pattern of the antenna has the same inclination angle.

Further, the inclination angle is an up-inclination angle or a down-inclination angle, the value range of the up-inclination angle is 0°-30°, and the value range of the down-inclination angle is 0°-30°.

Further, the antenna arrays in each row are arranged in a straight line and arranged parallel to each other, and the two ends of all the antenna arrays are aligned with each other.

Further, the antenna arrays in each column are arranged in a straight line and arranged parallel to each other, the two ends of the antenna arrays in all odd columns are aligned with each other, and the two ends of the antenna arrays in all even columns are aligned with each other.

Further, the distance between two adjacent antenna arrays is 0.2λ-1.3λ, and the distance between two adjacent radiation elements in the same column of antenna arrays is 0.2λ-1.3λ, where λ represents The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna working frequency band in the air.

Further, the antenna radiating elements in each column of the antenna array are arranged in a misaligned manner.

The dual-polarized three-beam antenna of the utility model can form three dual-polarized beams of fixed orientation in the horizontal direction, and form a single dual-polarized beam of fixed orientation in the vertical direction. The interference between the three beams in the horizontal direction Small, large capacity. The dual-polarized three-beam antenna made according to the technical solution of the utility model increases the data capacity of the antenna itself, has good anti-interference effect, stable performance, simple structure, light weight, easy installation, can effectively reduce costs, and meets the needs of venues or large Area coverage area needs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of the overall structure of a dual-polarized three-beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of the first embodiment of the dual-polarized three-beam antenna antenna array shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of a second embodiment of the dual-polarized three-beam antenna antenna array shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of a third embodiment of the dual-polarized three-beam antenna antenna array shown in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna radiation unit in the dual-polarized three-beam antenna shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of network connection of the dual-polarized three-beam antenna shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the Butler matrix feeding network in the dual-polarized three-beam antenna shown in FIG. 1 .

detailed description

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the dual-polarized three-beam antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a metal substrate 1 , an antenna array 2 , a polarized power splitter and a feeding network device.

Specifically, the number of antenna arrays 2 is 4 or more, as shown in FIG. 2 , for example, the number of antenna arrays 2 in the embodiment of the present invention is 5 columns. The arrangement of the antenna array 2 can have at least the following situations:

(1) As shown in FIG. 2 , each antenna array 2 is arranged in a straight line and arranged parallel to each other, and both ends of all antenna arrays 2 are aligned with each other.

(2) As shown in Figure 3, each antenna array 2 is arranged in a straight line and arranged parallel to each other, the two ends of all odd-numbered antenna arrays 2 are aligned with each other, and the two ends of all even-numbered antenna arrays 2 are aligned with each other, and odd The two ends of the antenna array 2 in the column and the antenna array 2 in the even column are not aligned.

(3) As shown in FIG. 4 , the antenna radiation units 21 in each antenna array 2 are arranged in a misaligned manner.

In case (1) or (2), the distance between two adjacent antenna arrays 2 is 0.2λ-1.3λ, and the distance between two adjacent radiation elements in the same antenna array 2 is 0.2λ-1.3 λ, where λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the antenna operating frequency band in the air; The distance between adjacent antenna radiating elements 21 is 0.86λ. In case (3), the distance between two adjacent antenna arrays 2 and the distance between two adjacent radiation elements in the same antenna array 2 can be designed according to actual requirements.

Wherein, referring to FIG. 5, each antenna array 2 includes at least two antenna radiation units 21, and the antenna radiation unit 21 includes an antenna unit 211 of a +45° polarization mode and an antenna unit of a -45° polarization mode 212, wherein the antenna unit 211 in the +45° polarization mode and the antenna unit 212 in the -45° polarization mode are perpendicularly intersected to form a whole.

Further, referring to FIG. 6, the polarization power splitter includes two types, specifically including a first polarization power splitter 31 and a second polarization power splitter 32, and the number of the first polarization power splitter 31 The number of columns of the antenna array 2 is equal to that of the antenna array 2 , and the number of the second polarized power dividers 32 is also equal to the number of columns of the antenna array 2 . Wherein, the number of power distribution ports of each first polarization power divider 31 is not less than (including greater than or equal to) the number of antenna units 211 in the +45° polarization mode in each antenna array 2, and each second polarization The number of power distribution ports of the power divider 32 is not less than (including greater than or equal to) the number of antenna units 212 in the -45° polarization mode in each antenna array 2 . Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the antenna array 2 has 5 columns as an example, and the number of power distribution ports of the first polarized power splitter 31 and the second polarized power splitter 32 is equal to or greater than 5.

Preferably, the number of power distribution ports of each first polarized power splitter 31 is greater than the number of antenna elements 211 of +45° polarization mode in each column antenna array 2, and the power of each second polarized power splitter 32 The number of assigned ports is greater than the number of antenna units 212 in the -45° polarization mode in each antenna array 2 .

Its electrical connection relationship is as follows: the power distribution port of each first polarized power splitter 31 is electrically connected to the +45° polarized antenna unit 211 in the same row of antenna arrays 2, and each second polarized The power distribution ports of the power divider 32 are respectively electrically connected to the antenna units 212 in the -45° polarization mode in the same antenna array 2 .

The structures of the first polarized power splitter 31 and the second polarized power splitter 32 may generally be the same. The distribution power amplitude of each power distribution port of each first polarization power splitter 31 and the second polarization power splitter 32 is the same, and the distribution power of each adjacent power distribution port has the same phase difference, so that the antenna The vertical pattern has the same inclination angle, wherein the inclination angle is an uptilt angle or a downtilt angle, and the value range of the uptilt angle is 0°～30°, and the value range of the downtilt angle is 0°～30°. In an example, the downtilt angle can be selected as 6°. Of course, in other embodiments, the distribution power amplitude and phase of each power distribution port of each first polarized power splitter 31 and second polarized power splitter 32 may not necessarily be the same, and design according to actual needs .

In the actual installation structure, each antenna array 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the metal substrate 1 , and each first polarization splitter 31 and second polarization splitter 32 is arranged on the lower surface of the metal substrate 1 . Certainly, the feeding network device is also disposed on the lower surface of the metal substrate 1 , and its corresponding output ports are electrically connected to the power combining ports of the first polarized power splitter 31 and the second polarized power splitter 32 .

In a specific embodiment, please refer to FIG. 7 for details. The feeder network device includes first and second polarized Butler matrix feeder networks 41 and 42. The first polarized Butler matrix feeder network 41 It has the same structure as the second polarized Butler matrix feeding network 42 . For the convenience of description, only the first polarized Butler matrix feeder network 41 is described in detail, and the structure and working principle of the second polarized Butler matrix feeder network 42 are the same as those of the first polarized Butler matrix feeder network 41 , which will not be repeated here.

The first polarized Butler matrix feeding network 41 includes a Butler matrix 411 and a power divider 412 . Wherein, the Butler matrix 411 includes: a first bridge A1 , a second bridge A2 , a third bridge A3 , a first phase shifter C1 and a second phase shifter C2 .

The first bridge A1, the second bridge A2 and the third bridge A3 each include two input ports and two output ports, and the first phase shifter C1 and the second phase shifter C2 each include an input port and a output port.

The two input ports of the first electric bridge A1 are respectively used as two input ports P2 and P3 of the Butler matrix 411, one input port of the second electric bridge A2 (such as the second input port) and one input of the third electric bridge A3 Ports (such as the second input port) are connected together into one as another input port P1 of the Butler matrix 411 . The three input ports of the Butler matrix 411 are isolated from each other.

One output port (such as the first output port) of the first electric bridge A1 is connected with another input port (such as the first input port) of the third electric bridge A3, and another output port (such as the second output port) is connected to another input port (such as the first input port) of the second bridge A2.

One of the output ports (such as the second output port) of the second bridge A2 is used as the output port of the Butler matrix 411 after passing through the second phase shifter C2, and the other output port (such as the first output port) is directly used as the Butler matrix 411 One of the output ports of the third bridge A3 (such as the second output port) is used as the output port of the Butler matrix 411 port array after passing through the first phase shifter C1, and the other output port (such as the first output port) directly as the output port of the Butler matrix 411. In this embodiment, the definitions of the first output port, the second output port, the first input port and the second output port are for the convenience of description. In fact, the user can choose the corresponding appropriate port as the first or second input and output port. The ports are electrically connected.

Each output port of the Butler matrix 411 is correspondingly connected to each input port of the power divider 412 .

Wherein, the number of power distribution ports of the power splitter 412 is not less than the number of columns of the antenna array 2, and the power distribution ports of the power splitter 412 and the corresponding polarized power splitter (first polarized power splitter 31) The power combining port is electrically connected. Preferably, the number of power distribution ports of the power divider 412 is greater than the number of columns of the antenna array 2 .

Specifically, the power combination port of each first polarized power splitter 31 is electrically connected to a power distribution port of the power splitter 412 of the first polarized Butler matrix feed network 41 . Correspondingly, the power combination port of each second polarized power splitter 32 is electrically connected to one power distribution port of the power splitter of the second polarized Butler matrix feeding network 42 .

In an application embodiment, the Butler matrix 411 includes a power divider, and the power divider can specifically choose a one-to-two power divider B1, and the power combining port of the one-to-two power divider B1 serves as the Butler matrix The input port of 411, one power distribution port (such as the first power distribution port) of the one-to-two power divider B1 is connected to the second input port of the third electric bridge A3, and the other power distribution port (such as the second power distribution port) port) is connected to the second input port of the second bridge A2. Preferably, in the Butler matrix 411, the line length between the first output port of the first electric bridge A1 and the first input port of the third electric bridge A3 is the same as that between the second output port of the first electric bridge A1 and the second The line lengths between the first input ports of the electric bridge A2 are equal, and the line length between the first power distribution port of the one-two power divider B1 and the second input port of the third electric bridge A3 is equal to the one-two power The lengths of the lines between the second power distribution port of the splitter B1 and the second input port of the second bridge A2 are equal. Further, the line length between the first output port of the first electric bridge A1 and the first input port of the third electric bridge A3, the first The line lengths between the input ports are equal, the line length between the first power distribution port of the one-to-two power divider B1 and the second input port of the third bridge A3, and the second power of the one-to-two power divider B1 The lengths of the lines between the distribution port and the second input port of the second bridge A2 are all equal.

In the above embodiment, the electrical connection relationship among the first electric bridge A1, the second electric bridge A2, the third electric bridge A3 and the one-to-two power divider B1 includes direct electric connection or indirect electric connection, wherein, The meaning of the direct electrical connection relationship is as described in the literal meaning of the preceding text, while the meaning of the indirect electrical connection is implied in the literal meaning of the preceding text, specifically: the first electric bridge A1 is connected with the second electric bridge A2 and the third electric bridge respectively. Between the bridges A3, between the second bridge A2 and the third bridge A3 and the one-to-two power divider B1, phase shifters or mixers for adjusting parameters such as the phase of each feed signal can also be set. .

In summary, the overall electrical connection relationship of the utility model is as follows:

The input ports P1, P2, and P3 of the Butler matrix 411 are respectively connected to signal input cables; the second output port of the second bridge A2 is connected to the second phase shifter C2 through a PCB microstrip line or a coaxial cable as a Butler An output port of the Butler matrix 411, and the second output port of the third bridge A3 is connected to the first phase shifter C1 through a PCB microstrip line or a coaxial cable as an output port of the Butler matrix 411.

Each output port in the Butler matrix 411 port array can be connected to the main road of the antenna array 2 through a coaxial cable. Wherein, the antenna array 2 itself is a network with a phase, and each antenna radiation unit 21 in the same column antenna array 2 is electrically connected to the network, and the amplitude of each antenna radiation unit 21 on the antenna array 2 is close to the binomial distribution Yes, the phase can be determined according to the actual situation, wherein, each antenna array 2 is formed by electrically connecting several power dividers Bn (n represents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...).

When the input ports of the Butler matrix feed network are fed, the signal phases of the output ports show different linear changes. Therefore, when the input ports of the Butler matrix feed network are fed, the radiation beams in the horizontal direction of the antenna are directed differently, where the input port P1 produces a horizontal 0°-directed beam, and the input port P2 Generates a beam pointing horizontally at -30° and input port P3 generates a beam pointing horizontally at +30°.

When the three ports of the first polarized Butler matrix feeder network 104 are simultaneously fed, the antenna produces three +45° polarized beams that are horizontally directed at 0°, ±30°, and tilted down by 6 degrees in the vertical direction; Similarly, when the three ports of the +45° polarized Butler matrix feed network are simultaneously fed, the antenna generates three -45° polarized beams that point horizontally at 0°, ±30°, and tilt down 6° in the vertical direction. . Therefore, when the 6 ports of the two Butler matrix feed networks are simultaneously fed, the antenna can produce 3 horizontal patterns pointing to 0°, ±30° and vertical patterns with 6° downtilt of ±45° dual Polarized 3 beams.

The dual-polarized three-beam antenna of the utility model can form three dual-polarized beams of fixed orientation in the horizontal direction, and form a single dual-polarized beam of fixed orientation in the vertical direction. The interference between the three beams in the horizontal direction Small, large capacity. The dual-polarized three-beam antenna made according to the technical solution of the utility model increases the data capacity of the antenna itself, has good anti-interference effect, stable performance, simple structure, light weight, easy installation, can effectively reduce costs, and meets the needs of venues or large Area coverage area needs.

In particular, it needs to be emphasized that the direction and beam width of the beams produced by the dual-polarized three-beam antenna of the present invention can be adjusted according to different requirements. The distance between the antenna arrays, the number of radiating elements in each linear antenna array, the distance between adjacent radiating elements, the distribution power amplitude and phase of the power distribution port of the power divider, so as to adjust the change of the beam pointing and width are also in the Within the protection scope of the present utility model. In addition, the modification of changing the number of horizontal beams by adjusting the number of feeding ports is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

The above are only embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the description of the utility model and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related Technical fields are all included in the scope of patent protection of the utility model in the same way.

Claims (10)

1. the feeding network device of dual polarization three beam antenna, it is characterised in that including:

First, second two polarization butler matrix feeding networks that structure is identical；

Each described polarization butler matrix feeding network includes butler matrix and power splitter, described butler matrix includes the first electric bridge, the second electric bridge, the 3rd electric bridge, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, described first electric bridge, the second electric bridge and the 3rd electric bridge each include two input ports and two output ports, described first phase shifter and the second phase shifter each include an input port and an output port, wherein:

Two input ports of described first electric bridge are combined into a road another input port as butler matrix respectively as two input ports of butler matrix, an input port of described second electric bridge and an input port connection of the 3rd electric bridge；

One output port of described first electric bridge and another input port of the 3rd electric bridge connect, and another output port of described first electric bridge and another input port of the second electric bridge connect；

Described one of them output port of second electric bridge after the second phase shifter as the output port of butler matrix, another output port directly as the output port of butler matrix, described 3rd one of them output port of electric bridge after the first phase shifter as the output port of butler matrix port battle array, another output port directly as the output port of butler matrix；

Each output port correspondence of described butler matrix is connected with each input port of power splitter.

2. dual polarization three beam antenna, it is characterised in that include at least four array antenna battle arrays, the first polarization power splitter, the second polarization power splitter and feeding network device as claimed in claim 1；

The quantity of described first polarization power splitter and the second polarization power splitter is equal with the columns of antenna array respectively；

Antenna array described in each column includes that at least two antenna radiation unit, described antenna radiation unit include antenna element and the antenna element of-45 ° of polarization modes of square crossing one+45 ° of polarization mode of shape all-in-one-piece；

The quantity of the power distribution port of each described first polarization power splitter is no less than the antenna element quantity of+45 ° of polarization modes in each column antenna array, and the quantity of the power distribution port of each described second polarization power splitter is no less than the quantity of the antenna element of-45 ° of polarization modes in each column antenna array；

Wherein, the power of each described first polarization power splitter distributes the port antenna element respectively with+45 ° of polarization modes in same array antenna battle array and is electrically connected with, and the power of each described second polarization power splitter distributes the port antenna element respectively with-45 ° of polarization modes in same array antenna battle array and is electrically connected with；

The power combing port of each described first polarization power splitter is electrically connected with the power distribution port of the power splitter of the first polarization butler matrix feeding network in feeding network device respectively, and the power combing port of each described second polarization power splitter is electrically connected with the power distribution port of the power splitter of the second polarization butler matrix feeding network in feeding network device respectively.

Dual polarization three beam antenna the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:

Described dual polarization three beam antenna includes metal basal board, and antenna array described in each column is arranged at the upper surface of metal basal board, and described first polarization power splitter, the second polarization power splitter are arranged at the lower surface of metal basal board.

Dual polarization three beam antenna the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:

In described feeding network device, the quantity of the power distribution port of the power splitter of the first polarization butler matrix feeding network is no less than the columns of antenna array, and in described feeding network device, the quantity of the power distribution port of the power splitter of the second polarization butler matrix feeding network is no less than the columns of antenna array.

Dual polarization three beam antenna the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:

The structure of described first polarization power splitter and the second polarization power splitter is identical；

The distribution power magnitude of each power distribution port of each described first polarization power splitter and the second polarization power splitter is identical, and, the distribution power of each adjacent power distribution port has identical phase contrast, so that antennas orthogonal directional diagram has an identical inclination angle.

Dual polarization three beam antenna the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:

Described inclination angle is top rade or angle of declination, and the span of top rade is 0 °～30 °, and the span of angle of declination is 0 °～30 °.

Dual polarization three beam antenna the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:

Antenna array described in each column is arranged in a linear and arranged in parallel, and the two ends of all described antenna arrays are mutually aligned.

Dual polarization three beam antenna the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:

Antenna array described in each column is arranged in a linear and arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the described antenna array of all odd columns are mutually aligned, and the two ends of the described antenna array of all even columns are mutually aligned.

9. according to dual polarization three beam antenna described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that:

Adjacent two distances arranged between described antenna array are 0.2 λ-1.3 λ, are 0.2 λ-1.3 λ with the distance between two radiating elements adjacent in antenna array described in string, and wherein, λ represents the wavelength that the mid frequency of Antenna Operation frequency range is corresponding in atmosphere.

Dual polarization three beam antenna the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:

Antenna radiation unit in antenna array described in each column Heterogeneous Permutation each other.