CN1969009A - 阻燃热塑性树脂组合物 - Google Patents
阻燃热塑性树脂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
根据本发明涉及阻燃树脂组合物,包括:(A)100重量份的橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂,其含有(a1)20%~100%重量的接枝共聚物,该接枝共聚物由5%~65%重量的橡胶聚合物、30%~95%重量的芳香族乙烯基单体、0~20%重量的可与所述芳香族乙烯基单体共聚的单体和0~15%重量的用于提供良好的可加工性和耐热性的单体接枝聚合而制成;以及(a2)0~ 80%重量的共聚物,该共聚物通过聚合60%~90%重量的芳香族乙烯基单体、10%~40%重量的可与所述芳香族乙烯基单体共聚的单体以及0~30%重量的用于提供良好的可加工性和耐热性的单体而制成;以及(B)15~40重量份的环形烷基磷酸酯化合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有良好阻燃性和环境友好效果的苯乙烯树脂组合物。更具体地说,本发明涉及通过将环形烷基磷酸酯化合物用于橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂的阻燃剂,而具有良好阻燃性和环境友好效果的苯乙烯热塑性树脂组合物。
背景技术
橡胶改性苯乙烯树脂具有良好的可加工性,高的机械性能、尤其冲击强度,以及良好的外观。因此,该树脂已经广泛用于电气或电子产品和办公用品。然而,由于苯乙烯树脂极为易燃,当橡胶改性苯乙烯树脂用于放热产品如计算机、传真等时,则发现不足。因此,开发了用于提高橡胶改性苯乙烯树脂的阻燃性能的方法。
一种广为人知的用于提高阻燃性的方法是将含卤素的化合物加到橡胶改性苯乙烯树脂中,以获得良好的阻燃性能。用于上述方法的含卤素化合物的实例为例如聚溴二苯醚、四溴双酚-A、被溴取代的环氧化合物等。可以将含锑化合物一起加入,以进一步提高阻燃性。
然而,这种通过使用含卤素和含锑化合物提高阻燃性的方法的缺点在于,由于在模塑工艺过程中释放出卤化氢气体,含卤素的化合物会引起模具本身的腐蚀,并且由于一旦着火会释放出毒性气体,它能造成致命的伤害。尤其是,因为主要用于含卤素阻燃剂的聚溴二苯醚在燃烧过程中能产生毒性气体如二噁英或呋喃等。所以,该领域的主要问题就是开发不用含卤素化合物制备的阻燃剂树脂。
通常已知的方法是将芳香族磷酸酯化合物作为无卤素阻燃剂用于苯乙烯树脂中。然而,仅芳香族磷酸酯化合物的使用并不赋予UL 94 V1足够的阻燃性。为了解决上述问题,已经提出了将芳香族磷酸酯用于苯乙烯树脂和聚苯醚树脂的混合物或苯乙烯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂的混合物中的方法。
美国专利第3,639,506号公开了一种树脂组合物,该组合物将单环芳香族磷酸酯如磷酸三苯酯用于高冲击聚苯乙烯(HIPS)树脂和聚苯醚树脂的混合物中。
美国专利第5,061,745号公开了一种热塑性树脂组合物,该组合物将一磷酸酯用于ABS接枝共聚物和聚碳酸酯树脂的混合物中。此外,美国专利第5,204,394号公开了一种将低聚磷酸酯作为阻燃剂用于ABS树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂混合物中的树脂组合物。
因此,本发明人开发了一种不使用聚苯醚树脂或聚碳酸酯树脂的阻燃苯乙烯热塑性树脂组合物。
发明目的
本发明的一个目的是提供一种对火稳定的热塑性树脂组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种环境友好的热塑性树脂组合物,其并不含有在树脂制备或燃烧过程中引起环境污染的含卤素化合物。
本发明进一步的目的是提供一种具有良好阻燃性而不使用聚苯醚树脂或聚碳酸树脂的热塑性树脂组合物。
随后的说明和所附权利要求将使本发明的其它目的和优点更加明显。
发明内容
根据本发明的阻燃苯乙烯树脂组合物包括:(A)100重量份的橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂,其包含(a1)20%~100%重量的接枝共聚物,该接枝共聚物通过将5%~65%重量的橡胶聚合物、30%~95%重量的芳香族乙烯基单体、0~20%重量的与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体以及0~15%重量的用于提供良好的可加工性和耐热性的单体接枝聚合而制备;以及(a2)0~80%重量的共聚物,该共聚物通过将60%~90%重量的芳香族乙烯基单体、10%~40%重量的与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体以及0~30%重量的用于提供良好的可加工性和耐热性的单体聚合而制备;以及(B)15~40重量份的环形烷基磷酸酯化合物。
具体实施方式
(A)橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂
根据本发明的橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂为聚合物,其中橡胶相聚合物以颗粒形式分散在通过聚合芳香族乙烯基单体和含乙烯基的单体获得的基质中。橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂可以通过芳香族乙烯基单体和可选地具有橡胶相聚合物的、与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体聚合而制备。
这种橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂是用已知的方法如乳液聚合、悬浮聚合或本体聚合制得,并且该树脂通过挤出含苯乙烯的接枝共聚物树脂和含苯乙烯的共聚物树脂常规制成。在本体聚合中,含苯乙烯接枝共聚物树脂和含苯乙烯共聚物树脂在同一过程中一起制备。在其它聚合中,含苯乙烯的接枝共聚物树脂和含苯乙烯的共聚物树脂可以分开制备。无论是哪种情况,在最终的橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂中,橡胶含量相对基础树脂(base resin)的总重量优选为5wt%~30wt%。
在本发明的橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂中,接枝共聚物树脂可以单独使用或在考虑其相容性的情况下与共聚物树脂结合使用。
(a1)接枝共聚物
用于制备接枝共聚物的橡胶聚合物的实例为:二烯橡胶如聚丁二烯、聚(苯乙烯-丁二烯)、聚(丙烯腈-丁二烯)等;其中所述含二烯的橡胶被加上氢的饱和橡胶;异戊二烯橡胶;丙烯酸橡胶如聚丁基丙烯酸;以及乙烯-丙烯-二烯的三元共聚物(EPDM)。优选采用含二烯的橡胶,更优选使用含丁二烯的橡胶。在该接枝共聚物中的橡胶含量基于接枝共聚物的总重量优选为在5wt%~65wt%(以重量计)的范围内。
用于制备接枝共聚物的芳香族乙烯基单体的实例有苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、p-甲基苯乙烯等。在上述实例中,苯乙烯是最优选的。
在本发明的接枝共聚物中,可以引入至少一种与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体。优选地,可共聚的单体是含氰化乙烯基的化合物如丙烯腈或不饱和的含腈化合物如甲基丙烯腈。
本发明的接枝共聚物通过接枝共聚合5wt%~65wt%的橡胶、30wt%~95wt%的芳香族乙烯基单体和0~20wt%的可共聚单体来制备。
此外,为获得良好的可加工性和耐热性,在接枝聚合中可加入单体如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸酐和N-取代的马来酰亚胺。这些单体的用量基于接枝共聚物的总重量在0~15wt%的范围内。
在制备所述含苯乙烯的接枝共聚物时,为获得良好的冲击强度和表面外观,橡胶颗粒的平均尺寸优选为在0.1~4μm的范围内。
(a2)共聚物
本发明的共聚物根据在接枝共聚物中除橡胶以外的单体之间的比例和相容性,通过共聚芳香族乙烯基单体和可共聚单体而制备。
芳香族乙烯基单体的实例有苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、p-甲基苯乙烯等。苯乙烯是最优选的。该芳香族乙烯基单体在全部共聚物中的含量为60wt%~90wt%。
在本发明的共聚物中,可以引入至少一种与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体。该可共聚的单体的实例有含氰化乙烯基的化合物如丙烯腈和不饱和的含腈化合物如甲基丙烯腈。该可共聚的单体相对全部共聚物的用量优选为10wt%~40wt%。
此外,0~30wt%的其他单体如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸酐和N-取代的马来酰亚胺可以加入并一起共聚,以便获得良好的可加工性和耐热性。
橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂的实例有丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)共聚物树脂、丙烯腈-乙丙橡胶-苯乙烯(AES)共聚物树脂、丙烯腈-丙烯酸橡胶-苯乙烯(AAS)共聚物树脂、高冲击聚苯乙烯树脂(HIPS)等。
在本发明中,橡胶改性树脂(A)包括20wt%~100wt%的接枝共聚物(a1)和0~80wt%的共聚物(a2)。
(B)环形烷基磷酸酯化合物
本发明的环形烷基磷酸酯化合物由以下化学式(1)表示:
其中R1和R2彼此独立地为C1-C4烷基,以及x为0或1。
具有结构式(I)的环形烷基磷酸酯化合物的实例包括甲基-二(5-乙基-2-甲基-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己基-5-基)甲基甲基磷酸酯P-氧化物、甲基-二(5-乙基-2-甲基-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己基-5-基)磷酸酯P,P’-二氧化物。
本发明的环形烷基磷酸酯化合物(B)可以单独使用或结合使用。
在本发明中,每100重量份橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂(A)环形烷基磷酸酯化合物(B)的用量为15~40重量份,优选20~35重量份。如果环形烷基磷酸酯化合物的加入量小于15重量份,则树脂组合物的阻燃性很差。另一方面,如果环形烷基磷酸酯化合物的用量大于40重量份,则基础树脂和环形烷基磷酸酯化合物之间的相容性降低。
在本发明的热塑性树脂组合物中可以使用其他添加剂。这些添加剂包括防滴剂、热稳定剂、抗氧化剂、相容剂(增容剂)、光稳定剂、有机或无机颜料和/或染料、无机填料等。对于每100重量份的基础树脂,这些添加剂的用量为0~30重量份。
参考下面的实施例可以更好的理解本发明,这些实施例的目的只是用于解释本发明,而不能解释为以任何方式限制本发明的范围,本发明的范围由所附的权利要求所限定。
实施例
用于制备实施例1~3中和比较实施例1~3中的热塑性树脂组合物的成分如下:
(A)橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂
(a1)接枝共聚物树脂
(a11)含苯乙烯-丙烯腈的接枝共聚物树脂
将50份丁二烯橡胶乳粉、36份苯乙烯、14份丙烯腈、和150份去离子水混合。向混合物中加入1.0份油酸钾、0.4份氢过氧化枯烯、0.2份含硫醇的链转移剂、0.4份葡萄糖、0.01份硫酸亚铁水合物、和0.3份焦磷酸钠。将混合物在75℃保持5小时以获得g-ABS胶乳。向g-ABS胶乳中加入0.4份硫酸,然后凝固并干燥以获得粉末状的橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂(g-ABS)。
(a12)高冲击聚苯乙烯(HIPS)
使用韩国Cheil Industries Inc生产的高冲击聚苯乙烯(产品名:HR-1380),丁二烯橡胶的含量为7wt%,平均橡胶颗粒尺寸为1.5μm。
(a2)共聚物树脂
将75份苯乙烯、25份丙烯腈、和120份去离子水混合。向混合物中加入0.2份偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)、0.4份磷酸三钙和0.2份含硫醇的链转移剂。将所得的溶液在90分钟内加热至80℃,保温180分钟。将产物洗涤、脱水并干燥以获得颗粒状的苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物树脂(SAN)。
(B)环形烷基磷酸酯化合物
使用Rhodia Co.生产的Antiblaze 1045(一种8%重量的甲基-二(5-乙基-2-甲基-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己基-5-基)甲基甲基磷酸酯P-氧化物与85%重量的甲基-二(5-乙基-2-甲基-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己基-5-基)磷酸酯P,P’-二氧化物的混合物)。
(B′)芳香族磷酸酯化合物
使用熔点为48℃的磷酸三苯酯(TPP)。
(C)氟化聚烯烃树脂
使用杜邦公司生产的特氟隆(注册商标名)7AJ作为防滴剂。
实施例1~3
将表1所示的成分混合,并将混合物用传统的双螺杆挤出机在180~250℃下挤出造粒。将该树脂颗粒在80℃下干燥3小时,随后用6盎司注模机在180~280℃和40~80℃的模具温度下模塑成测试样品。根据UL94VB,分别用1/8″和1/12″的厚度测量测试样品的阻燃性。
比较实施例1~3
除了不使用环形烷基磷酸酯化合物外,用与实施例1相同的方式操作比较实施例1。除了使用芳香族磷酸酯化合物代替环形烷基磷酸酯化合物作为阻燃剂外,分别用与实施例2~3相同的方式操作比较实施例2~3。测试结果示于表1中。
表1
实施例 | 比较实施例 | |||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
(a11)(A)橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂 (a12)(a2)(B)环形烷基磷酸酯化合物(B′)TPP(C)特氟隆 | 35-6520-- | 35-6530-- | -100-30-0.2 | 35-65--- | 35-65-30- | -100--300.2 |
UL94阻燃性(1/12″)UL94阻燃性(1/8″) | V-1V-0 | V-0V-0 | V-0V-0 | 失败失败 | 失败V-2 | 失败失败 |
如上所示,使用了环形烷基磷酸酯化合物作为阻燃剂的树脂组合物表现出了良好的UL94阻燃性。然而,没有使用任何阻燃剂的比较实施例1和使用了芳香族磷酸酯化合物代替环形烷基磷酸酯化合物的比较实施例2~3中的树脂组合物呈现出较差的阻燃性。
本领域的普通技术人员可以很容易的实施本发明。许多变化和调整也视为在所附权利要求所限定的本发明的范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种阻燃热塑性树脂组合物,包含:
(A)100重量份的橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂,其含有:(a1)20wt%~100wt%的接枝共聚物,所述接枝共聚物由5wt%~65wt%的橡胶聚合物、30wt%~95wt%的芳香族乙烯基单体、0~20wt%的与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体以及0~15wt%用于提供良好的可加工性和耐热性的单体接枝聚合而制备;以及(a2)0~80wt%的共聚物,所述共聚物通过聚合60wt%~90wt%的芳香族乙烯基单体、10wt%~40wt%的与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体以及0~30wt%用于提供良好的可加工性和耐热性的单体而制成;以及
(B)15~40重量份的环形烷基磷酸酯化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述橡胶聚合物选自由二烯橡胶、其中所述含二烯的橡胶被加上氢的饱和橡胶、异戊二烯橡胶、丙烯酸橡胶、以及乙烯-丙烯-二烯的三元共聚物(EPDM)构成的组。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述芳香族乙烯基单体选由自苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯和p-甲基苯乙烯构成的组。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述与所述芳香族乙烯基单体可共聚的单体选自含氰化乙烯基的化合物和不饱和的含腈化合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述用于提供良好的可加工性和耐热性的单体选自由丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸酐以及N-取代的马来酰亚胺构成的组。
6.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述橡胶改性聚苯乙烯树脂(A)选自由丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)共聚物树脂、丙烯腈-丙烯酸橡胶-苯乙烯(AAS)共聚物树脂、丙烯腈-乙丙橡胶-苯乙烯(AES)以及高冲击聚苯乙烯(HIPS)构成的组。
8.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃热塑性树脂组合物,进一步包含0~30重量份的添加剂,所述添加剂选自防滴剂、热稳定剂、抗氧化剂、相容剂、光稳定剂、颜料和/或染料、以及无机填料。
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PCT/KR2004/001456 WO2005123833A1 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2004-06-18 | Flameproof thermoplastic resin composition |
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CN1969009A true CN1969009A (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
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US (1) | US20080275161A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1756217B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2008502768A (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2005123833A1 (zh) |
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- 2004-06-18 CN CNA2004800433248A patent/CN1969009A/zh active Pending
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- 2004-06-18 EP EP04773953A patent/EP1756217B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104845008A (zh) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-08-19 | 安徽雄亚塑胶科技有限公司 | 医用阻燃弹性体及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1756217A4 (en) | 2010-09-22 |
JP2008502768A (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
US20080275161A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
WO2005123833A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
EP1756217A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
EP1756217B1 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
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