CN1824648A - 茚取代肟醚类杀菌、杀虫剂 - Google Patents
茚取代肟醚类杀菌、杀虫剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1824648A CN1824648A CN 200610200228 CN200610200228A CN1824648A CN 1824648 A CN1824648 A CN 1824648A CN 200610200228 CN200610200228 CN 200610200228 CN 200610200228 A CN200610200228 A CN 200610200228A CN 1824648 A CN1824648 A CN 1824648A
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- compound
- general formula
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- sodium
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
本发明属于农药杀菌、杀虫剂技术领域。本发明公开了一类茚取代肟醚类杀菌、杀虫剂及其制备方法,其结构如通式I所示,其中:R1为氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;R2为氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;R3为氢、C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基、苯基或取代苯基;Q选自(E)-3-甲氧基-2-苯基丙烯酸甲酯甲酯,N-甲氧基-N-苯基-氨基甲酸甲酯,或N-甲氧基-N-苯基-氨基甲酰甲胺。本发明的效果和益处是通式I的化合物作为一种高效的杀菌剂能有效地防治多种植物病害,该类化合物具有很高的生物活性因而即使在很低的剂量下仍可以获得很好的杀菌效果。通式I的化合物还是一种有效的杀虫剂,对多种害虫都有很好的防效,特别适合于对害虫的综合防治。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药杀菌、杀虫剂技术领域。涉及一类茚取代肟醚类化合物及其制备方法、含有茚取代肟醚类化合物的杀菌杀虫剂。
背景技术
1999年,美国罗门哈斯(ROHM AND HASS)公司报道了苯基亚丙烯基肟醚类杀菌、杀虫剂,专利号为:EP936213,其结构式如下:
据报道这些不饱和肟醚结构的化合物具有广谱活性,可用于防止在各种作物上的由藻菌纲、卵菌纲、子囊菌纲和半知菌纲等多种真菌引起的病害。
2000年,美国罗门哈斯(ROHM AND HASS)公司又报道了一类芳基环丙烷基取代肟醚类杀菌剂专利号为:US6063956,其结构式如下:
2002年,美国陶氏益农(DOW AGROSCIENCES)公司也报道了另一类芳基环丙烷基取代肟醚类杀菌剂,专利号为:WO2002046142,其结构式如下:
后两类杀菌剂以芳基环丙烷基代替了EP936213中所公开化合物的芳基亚丙烯基,据报道该类化合物同样具有广谱杀菌活性,对小麦叶锈病、小麦白粉病、番茄晚疫病、稻瘟病及其他多种植物病害都具有很好的防效。
发明内容
本发明的目的是用茚取代基代替芳基环丙烷基或芳基亚丙烯基,开发一类结构新颖的高效广谱杀菌、杀虫剂。
本发明涉及可用作杀菌、杀虫剂的茚取代肟醚类衍生物,它们的制备方法和含有这些化合物的组合物。
本发明提供具有通式I的茚取代肟醚类化合物,并发现该类化合物具有很高的生物活性因而即使在很低的剂量下仍可以获得很好的杀菌效果。
其中:
R1为氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;
R2为氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;
R3为氢、C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基、苯基或取代苯基;
Q选自如下所示基团之一:
X为O或NH。
本发明的一个优选的实施方案为通式I的化合物,其中R1为氢,氟,氯,C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;R2为氢,氟,氯,C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;R3为CH3;Q选自Q1,Q2,基团之一。
本发明的化合物可由如下方法制备:
通式I-Q1,I-Q2化合物可以这样制备:将通式II所示的肟和通式III或通式IV的化合物加入适当的溶剂,加入适当的碱,在80℃下反应4-10小时。
优选的溶剂是N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或乙腈。
优选的碱是碳酸钾或碳酸钠。
通式I-Q3的化合物可以由通式I-Q2的化合物与甲胺水溶液反应而很容易地获得。
通式II的化合物可以这样制备:以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,以醋酸钯为催化剂,加入适量的碱,相转移催化剂,氯化锂,在50-120℃下邻位卤素取代苯甲醛及衍生物与丙烯醇衍生物生成2-羰基取代茚衍生物。将所合成的2-羰基取代茚衍生物和盐酸羟胺在碱的存在下,在乙醇水溶液中回流1-4小时,即可得到通式II中的肟。
US4723034、US5554578、EP203606中叙述了丙烯酸甲酯基为(E)构型的通式III的化合物的合成。
WO200246142,US5650434叙述了通式IV的化合物。
下面是本发明具有通式I的部分化合物的具体结构式,用来进一步说明本发明,但不意味着限制本发明。
通式I中部分化合物物理性质、1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)、IR(涂片)数据如下:
IS-1:淡黄色油状物1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.15(3H,s),3.67(2H,s),3.69(3H,s),3.81(3H,s),5.11(2H,s),7.02(1H,s),7.14-7.18(1H,m),7.19-7.22(1H,m),7.30-7.42(5H,m),7.50-7.53(1H,m),7.59(1H,s)。IR?max(cm-1)2950,1710,1635,1435,1255,1130,1020,760,720。
IS-2:黄色油状物1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.58(3H,s),3.62(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),3.69(3H,s),3.81(3H,s),5.12(2H,s),6.94(1H,s),7.29-7.36(4H,m),7.46(1H,d,J=7.8),7.50(1H,m),7.61(1H,m),7.95(1H,d,J=7.8)。IR?max(cm-1)2950,1710,1635,1470,1435,1250,1115,870,765。
IS-3:黄色油状物1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.18(3H,s),3.64(2H,s),3.77(3H,s),3.79(3H,s),5.25(2H,s),7.03(1H,s),7.16-7.28(2H,m),7.35-7.40(5H,m),7.54-7.57(1H,m)。
IS-4:棕黄色油状物1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.17(3H,s),3.61(2H,d,J=8.7Hz),3.77(3H,s),3.79(3H,s),5.26(2H,s),6.84-6.96(2H,m),7.01-7.11(1H,m),7.24-7.31(1H,m),7.34-7.39(3H,m),7.52-7.60(1H,m)。IR?max(cm-1)2940,1740,1620,1470,1440,1360,1225,1095,1030,870,765。
IS-5:黄色油状物1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.19(3H,s),2.81(3H,s),3.59(2H,s),3.68(3H,s),5.31(2H,s),7.14-7.25(3H,m),7.30-7.40(5H,m),7.52-7.55(1H,m)。
IS-6:棕黄色油状物1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.17(3H,s),2.89(3H,s),3.60(2H,d,J=9.0Hz),3.70(3H,s),5.31(2H,s),6.00(1H,s),6.83-6.96(2H,m),7.01-7.11(1H,m),7.26-7.34(4H,m),7.51-7.54(1H,m)。IR?max(cm-1)3360,1680,1520,1470,1225,1020,870,765。
本发明的通式I的化合物是有效的杀菌剂。这些化合物具有内吸活性并可用作叶面和土壤杀菌剂。能有效地防治多种植物病害,例如防治大麦和小麦白粉病、黄瓜白粉病、葡萄白粉病、苹果白粉病、黄瓜霜霉病、葡萄霜霉病等。特别适合于防治小麦白粉病和黄瓜霜霉病。
本发明的通式I的化合物是有效的杀虫剂,对粘虫、小菜蛾、桃蚜、朱砂叶螨、淡色库蚊都有很好的防效,特别适合于对害虫的综合防治。
本发明还提供了一种杀菌,杀虫组合物及其制备方法。该组合物以通式I的单一化合物或几种化合物的混合物为活性组分,其制备方法为的通式I的化合物与至少一种载体混合。通常本发明的组合物中活性组分的重量为1-99%。
本发明的效果和益处是:
在载体为满足下述条件的物质:它与活性成分配制后便于施用于待处理位点,例如可以是植物、种子或土壤;或者有利于贮存、运输或操作。载体可以是固体或液体,包括通常为气体但已压缩成液体的物质,可使用任何通常在配置杀虫、杀菌组合物中所用的载体。
适合的固体载体包括天然和合成的粘土和硅酸盐,例如硅藻土、滑石、硅镁土、硅酸铝(高岭土)、蒙脱石和云母;碳酸钙、硫酸钙、硫酸铵、合成的氧化硅和合成硅酸钙或硅酸铝;元素如碳和硫;天然的或合成的树脂如苯并呋喃树脂、聚氯乙烯和苯乙烯聚合物和共聚物;固体多氯苯酚;沥青;蜡如蜂蜡、石蜡。
适合的液体载体包括水;醇如异丙醇和乙醇;酮如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丙基酮、环己基酮;醚;芳烃如苯、甲苯、二甲苯;石油馏分如煤油和矿物油;氯代烃如四氯化碳、全氯乙烯和三氯乙烯,通常,这些液体的混合物也是适合的。
杀菌、杀虫组合物通常加工成浓缩的形式并以此用于运输,在施用之前由施用者将其稀释。组合物中含有少量的表面活性剂有助于稀释过程。这样按照本发明的组合物中至少有一种载体优选是表面活性剂。例如组合物至少有两种载体,其中至少一种是表面活性剂。表面活性剂可以是乳化剂、分散剂或润湿剂;它可以是非离子的或离子的表面活性剂。适合的表面活性剂的例子包括聚丙烯酸和木质素硫酸的钠盐或钙盐;分子中含至少12个碳原子的脂肪酸或酰胺与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的缩合物。甘醇、山梨酸、蔗糖或季戊四醇脂肪酸酯及这些酯与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的缩合物;脂肪醇或烷基苯酚如对辛基苯酚或或对辛基甲苯酚与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的缩合物;这些缩合物的硫酸盐和磺酸盐;在分子中至少含有10个碳原子的硫酸或磺酸酯的碱土金属盐,优选钠盐,例如硫酸月桂酯钠,硫酸仲烷酯钠,磺化蓖麻油钠盐,磺酸烷基芳基酯钠,磺酸烷基芳基酯钠,如十二烷基苯酸钠盐。
本发明的杀菌,杀虫组合物可以根据需要加工成多种剂型,例如可湿性粉剂、粉剂、颗粒剂和溶液,可乳化的农所剂、乳剂、悬浮浓缩剂、气雾剂和烟雾剂。可湿性粉剂通常含有25,50或75%重量的活性成分,且通常除固体惰性载体之外,还含有3-10%重量的分散剂,且若需要可加入0-10%重量的稳定剂和/或其他添加剂如渗透剂或粘着剂。粉剂通常可成型为具有可湿性粉剂相似的组成但没有分散剂的粉剂浓缩剂,再进一步用固体载体稀释,得到通常含有0.5-10%重活性组分的组合物。粉剂通常制备成具有10和100目(1.676-0.152毫米)大小,且可用成团或注入技术制备,通常,粒剂含0.5-75%重量的活性成分和0-10%重量添加剂如稳定剂、表面活性剂、缓释改良剂。所谓的“可流动干粉”又具有相对高浓度活性成分的相对小的颗粒组成。可乳化浓缩剂除溶剂外,当需要时通常含有共溶剂,1-50%W/V活性成分,2-20%W/V乳化剂和2-20%W/V其它添加剂如稳定剂、渗透剂和腐蚀抑制剂。悬浮浓缩机通常含有10-75%重量的活性成分。0.5-15%重量的分散剂、0.1-10%重量的其他添加剂如消泡剂、腐蚀抑制剂、稳定剂、渗透剂和粘着剂。
通过在组合物中加入其它的一种或多种杀菌剂,使其能比单独的通式I化合物具有更广谱的活性。此外,其它杀菌剂可对通式I化合物的杀菌活性具有增效作用。也可以将通式1化合物与其它杀虫剂混用,或同时与另一种杀菌剂以及其它杀虫剂混用。可以包含在本发明组合物中的杀菌化合物的实例有:氰菌唑、粉锈宁、苯菌灵、多菌灵、百菌灵、王酮、波尔多液、麦穗宁、双胍辛盐、土菌消、富士一号、春雷霉素、代森锰锌、代森锰、代森锌、多氧霉素、甲基代森锌、甲基托布津、福美双、十三吗啉、稀酰吗啉等。
可以与本发明的化合物混合形成组合物的合适杀虫剂包括乐果、氧化乐果、毒死蜱、甲基毒死蜱、甲胺磷、久效磷、倍硫磷、辛硫磷、唑蚜威、吡虫啉和拟除虫菊酯类如氰戊菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氟胺氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯等。
具体实施方式
下列实例和生测试验结果可用来进一步说明本发明,但不意味着限制本发明。
实例1 通式I的化合物的制备:
3-甲氧基-2-[2-((1-(1H-茚-2-基)亚乙基)氨基氧甲基)苯基]丙烯酸甲酯(IS-1)的合成:
向20毫升的两口瓶中,分别加入1-(2-茚基)-乙酮肟(0.3克,1.75毫摩尔),中间体III(0.50克,1.75毫摩尔),碳酸钾(0.48克,3.5毫摩尔),乙腈6毫升,加热,电磁搅拌,温度升至80℃回流,TLC检测反应,5小时后停止反应。向反应液中加入20毫升水,用3×20毫升乙酸乙酯萃取。用无水硫酸镁干燥,减压脱溶,经硅胶柱层析分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/10)得产物0.37克,收率54%。
N-甲氧基-N-[2-((1-(1H-茚-2-基)亚乙基)氨基氧甲基)苯基]氨基甲酸甲酯(IS-3)的合成
向20毫升的两口瓶中,分别加入1-(2-茚基)-乙酮肟(0.26克,1.5毫摩)尔,N-2-溴甲基苯基-N-甲氧基氨基甲酸甲酯(中间体IV,0.52克,1.8毫摩尔),碳酸钾(0.41克,3毫摩尔),乙腈5毫升,加热,电磁搅拌,温度升至80℃回流,TLC跟踪检测反应,3.5小时后停止反应。向反应液中加入20毫升水,用3×20毫升乙酸乙酯萃取。用无水硫酸镁干燥,减压脱溶,经硅胶柱层析分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/10)得产物0.34克,收率62%。
N-甲氧基-N-[2-((1-(1H-茚-2-基)亚乙基)氨基氧甲基)苯基]氨基甲酰甲胺1S-5的合成
向20毫升的两口瓶中,分别加入N-甲氧基-[2-[[[[1-(2-茚基)亚乙基]氨基]氧基]甲基]苯基]氨基甲酸甲酯(0.18克,0.5毫摩尔),甲胺(0.37克,3毫摩尔,25%水溶液),甲醇2毫升,加热,电磁搅拌,温度升至80℃回流,随着反应进行,不断加甲胺和甲醇,以防止挥发,TLC检测反应,21小时后停止反应。向反应液中加入20毫升水,用3×20毫升乙酸乙酯萃取.用无水硫酸镁干燥,减压脱溶,经硅胶柱层析分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/10)得产物0.16克,收率87.9%。
实例2 通式II的化合物的制备:
1-(1H-茚-2-基)乙酮的合成
向50毫升两口瓶中分别加入2-溴苯甲醛(0.56克,3毫摩尔,),3-丁烯-2-醇(0.26克,3.6毫摩尔,),醋酸钯(34毫克,0.15毫摩尔),乙酸钠(0.62克,7.5毫摩尔,)四正丁基氯化铵(1.67克,6毫摩尔),氯化锂(0.26克,6毫摩尔)。将反应瓶用氮气冲洗数次,然后用氮气球保护,向反应瓶中用针管注入30毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,在110℃下反应4小时,停止反应。向反应液中加入60毫升水,用3×60毫升乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压脱溶,经硅胶柱层析分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/5),得淡黄色固体0.32克,收率67%。
1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.48(3H,s),3.65(2H,s),7.32-7.37(2H,m),7.48-7.55(2H,m),7.62(1H,s)。IR?max(cm-1)1650,1555,1460,1370,1335,1190,880,760,720。
1-(1H-茚-2-基)-乙酮肟的合成
向20毫升的两口瓶中分别2-乙酰基-茚(0.47克,3毫摩尔),盐酸羟胺(0.31克,4.5毫摩尔),乙醇10毫升,加热,电磁搅拌,回流,TLC检测反应,4小时后停止反应。向反应液中加入50毫升0.5N盐酸,用2×50毫升乙酸乙酯萃取。用无水硫酸镁干燥,减压脱溶,经硅胶柱层析分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/4),得淡黄色固体0.552克,收率89.7%
1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz)2.25(3H,s),3.70(2H,s),7.13(1H,s),7.23-7.28(2H,m),7.39-7.46(2H,m)。IR?max(cm-1)3200-3400(br),2390,1635,1010,930,850,755.715。
其它化合物可参照上述方法合成。
配方实施例
实例3 9%乳油
将10份重的化合物IS-1溶解在90份重的下述混合物中:该混合物含90份重二甲苯、6份重的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、2份重的十二烷基苯磺酸钙和2份重的环氧乙烷与蓖麻油的加成物(摩尔比40/1),制备乳油(活性化合物含量为9%)。
实例4 80%液剂
将80份(重量)化合物IS-3与20份(重量)的N-甲基吡咯烷酮混合,得到适合以很小液滴形式应用的溶液(活性化合物含量为80%)。
生物活性测定
实例5 杀菌活性测定
用本发明的通式I的化合物对植物的各种真菌病害进行了试验。试验的程序如下:将植物试材进行盆栽。待测化合物原药用少量N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解,用水稀释至所需的浓度,制剂用水稀释至所需的浓度。喷雾施药到植物试材上,24小时后进行病害接种。接种后,将植物放在恒温恒湿培养箱中,使感染继续,待对照充分发病后进行评估调查。“0”代表最严重的发病程度(通常以此值作为基础调查标准),“100%”代表无任何病斑。测试结果见表1、表2。
表1、部分化合物对黄瓜霜霉病测试结果:
剂量(ppm) | 化合物杀菌活性(%) |
IS-1 | IS-2 | IS-4 | IS-6 | BAS490F | |
50 | 100 | 100 | 95 | 95 | 90 |
12.5 | 98 | 65 | 80 | 85 | 20 |
表2、部分化合物对小麦白粉病测试结果:
剂量(ppm) | 化合物杀菌活性(%) | ||||||
IS-1 | IS-2 | IS-3 | IS-4 | IS-5 | IS-6 | BAS490F | |
400 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
50 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
12.5 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
3.125 | 100 | 100 | 85 | 90 | 40 | 50 | 70 |
注:BAS490F结构式为:
实例6 杀虫活性测试
同时用本发明的通式I的化合物进行了杀虫活性测试。实验方法:取2.5ml丙酮/甲醇(1∶1)的混合溶剂加入到盛有3mg新化合物的称量瓶中,搅拌使其充分溶解,加入2.5ml含有1‰吐温80的经置自来水,搅拌均匀后得到600mg/L的新化合物溶液5ml。粘虫、小菜蛾、桃蚜和朱砂叶螨采用airbrush喷雾法处理,喷雾压力为0.7kg/cm2,喷雾量0.3ml,每处理设2次重复。粘虫和小菜蛾首先喷雾处理叶片(粘虫用玉米叶,小菜蛾用甘蓝叶),叶片阴干后接5头幼虫。对于棉蚜和朱砂叶螨,则直接喷雾处理侵染有靶标的黄瓜叶片和菜豆叶片。淡色库蚊采用浸液法去处理,即将药液直接加入有20头幼虫的烧杯中。
处理后的试材移至标准观察室内(23-25℃,40-60%R.H.,L/D为13h∶11h)。鳞翅目幼虫处理后3天调查试虫的死亡率,桃蚜、朱砂叶螨和淡色库蚊在处理后2天调查试虫的死亡率,根据试虫死亡率对化合物的杀虫活性进行记录。测试结果见表3。
表3、部分化合物杀虫测试结果(600ppm)
化合物编号 | 化合物杀虫活性(%) | ||||
粘虫 | 小菜蛾 | 桃蚜 | 朱砂叶螨 | 淡色库蚊 | |
IS-1 | 80 | 100 | 100 | 60 | 100 |
IS-2 | 100 | 100 | 95 | 100 | 100 |
IS-4 | 100 | 80 | 75 | 0 | 50 |
Claims (8)
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:反应温度为80℃,反应时间为4-10小时;所采用的溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或乙腈,所采用的碱选自碳酸钠或碳酸钾。
4.通式I的化合物在防治作物病害上的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于:通式I化合物用于防治白粉病和霜霉病。
6.权利要求1中的化合物和其他具有类似或互补杀菌活性或者杀虫活性的化合物组成组合物。
7.权利要求1中的化合物作为活性成分和用于杀菌剂中的各种载体或稀释剂一起组成杀菌剂组合物,组合物中活性组分的重量百分含量为1-99%。
8.权利要求1中的化合物作为活性成分和用于杀虫剂中的各种载体或稀释剂一起组成杀虫剂组合物,组合物中活性组分的重量百分含量为1-99%。
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