CN1792513A - Method for mouldless directly mfg. of parts and mould - Google Patents
Method for mouldless directly mfg. of parts and mould Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1792513A CN1792513A CN 200510120552 CN200510120552A CN1792513A CN 1792513 A CN1792513 A CN 1792513A CN 200510120552 CN200510120552 CN 200510120552 CN 200510120552 A CN200510120552 A CN 200510120552A CN 1792513 A CN1792513 A CN 1792513A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000313 electron-beam-induced deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003310 Ni-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A technology for directly manufacturing part and mould without mould includes such steps as designing 3D CAD model of a part, tomographic processing to obtain the data of each layer, planning the route to generate the numeral control codes of each layer, and using numeral controlled plasma thermo-welding spray gun or argon arc welding gun to thermo-weld the alloy, intermetal compound, ceramal, or ceramic wire or powder for shaping layer by layer while combining the plasma arc or argon arc with laser beam. It has high speed and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the part method for fast mfg.
Background technology
The direct metal part is made the international forward position that (Direct Rapid Metal Manufacturing) become the RP technical research fast, has occurred the multiple method of directly making metal parts fast at present.Wherein, can obtain the high method of density mainly contain powerful laser near-net forming technology (LaserEngineering Net-Shaping, LENS), electron beam deposition technology, plasma deposition method etc.See H.Muller, J.Sladojevic.Rapid tooling approaches for small lotproduction of sheet-metal parts, Journal of Material ProcessingTechnology, 2001,115:97-103; Wang Huaming. metal material laser surface modification and high-performance metal part laser fast forming Research progress. aviation journal, 2002,23 (5): 473-478.The LENS method is to adopt high power laser successively will deliver to fusion of metal powder on the substrate, and rapid solidification finally forms workpiece, and the density of workpiece is higher than the selective laser sintering method.But problems such as there is not high, the inaccessible full density of forming efficiency in this technology, equipment investment is big, surface accuracy is not high.The electron beam deposition method adopts powerful electron-beam melting dusty material, applies electromagnetic field according to computer model, and the motion of control electron beam successively scans until the whole part shaping and finishes.Yet its process conditions are strict, need carry out in a vacuum, cause forming dimension to be restricted, the equipment manufacturing cost costliness.The metal dust that the beam-plasma fusing that it is good that the plasma deposition method is employing high compression, convergence is supplied with synchronously, on substrate, successively pile up the technology that forms metal parts or mould, have than LENS method and electron beam deposition method forming efficiency height, be easy to obtain full density, characteristics such as equipment cost is low are seen Bai Peigang, Shi Yuhong, Cheng Jun etc. three-dimensionally shaped welding Rapid Manufacturing Technology, solder technology, 1998 (6): 39-40.But the forming accuracy of this technology is not high, when the high part of deposition forming required precision, is to improve precision to adopt micro arc plasma, but its energy shortage, and needs to improve the stability and the convergence of arc column.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the direct manufacture method of no mould of a kind of part and mould, in forming process with beam-plasma and low-power laser Shu Fuhe, both can bring into play plasma arc deposition forming efficient height, easily obtain full density, advantage that cost is low, can bring into play the higher strong point of the better laser forming precision of convergence again.
The direct manufacture method of no mould of a kind of part of the present invention and mould comprises the steps: (1) requirement according to part forming, the three-dimensional CAD model of design elements; (2), three-dimensional CAD model is carried out slicing treatment according to part shape and dimension precision requirement; (3) carry out path planning according to the characteristics of individual-layer data and every layer of shape, generate the every layer of required numerical control code that is shaped; (4) adopt the plasma deposition spray gun or the argon-arc welding gun of numerical control, with the silk material or the powder of alloy, intermetallic compound, cermet or pottery, on substrate according to every layer numerical control code deposition forming; (5) in the deposition forming process, that plasma arc and laser beam is compound; (6) according to above-mentioned steps (3)～(5) deposition forming successively, reach the requirement of accessory size shape until formed body.
The direct manufacture method of no mould of described part and mould, can be in forming process or after the shaping end, with ultrasonic wave, dry type spark machined, milling or laser ablation formula method, formula fine finishining is removed on the formed body surface, or carry out surface treatment with laser and plasma, to reach required surface quality.
The compound laser beam of the direct manufacture method of no mould of described part and mould and plasma arc can be CO
2The laser beam that laser instrument, YAG solid state laser or Q-switched laser send, its mean power are in the 1000w.
The present invention is mutually compound with laser beam with beam-plasma or argon arc in forming process, promptly make laser beam focus on the zone of beam-plasma or argon arc effect in the coaxial of beam-plasma or argon arc or a side, materials such as metal that will be higher than material melting point such as existing paper, photosensitive resins, intermetallic compound successively are melted on the substrate.The present invention is that the plasma deposition of feature or argon arc welding method are melted in shaping powder or a silk material on the matrix stack shaping successively apace with high efficiency, densification, low cost; Compound low-power laser bundle in forming process, for deposition forming increases shaping heat energy,, in plasma arc, add laser the magnetic compression effect of plasma arc is strengthened to obtain fine and close and the good formed body of structure property, arc column is compressed, and forming accuracy improves.In forming process or after the end that is shaped, according to the requirement of product surface quality and the surface condition of accumulation horizon, sometimes need the fine finishining of surface removal formula to be carried out on the formed body surface with ultrasonic wave, dry type spark machined, milling or laser, or carry out surface treatment with laser and plasma, to reach required surface quality.
The present invention keeps plasma or argon arc deposition forming cost low, forming efficiency height, formed body are easy to reach the advantage of full density, and generally are shaped under the atmospheric environment condition, and only additional low-power laser bundle when being shaped, equipment and operating cost are lower than laser cladding and electron beam forming technique.Therefore, adopt the present invention can obtain the part or the mould of the good high-melting-point materials such as metal of organization mechanics performance and surface quality fast, at low cost.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: at first adopt plasma deposition (built-up welding) spray gun of numerical control,, use the Fe-Ni-Cr-alloy wire according to the requirement of part forming, on substrate according to the digitlization shaping path deposition forming that obtains by three-dimensional CAD model; Secondly be the laser beam that the YAG solid state laser of 50w sends with power, with the transferred arc electric current be that the plasma arc of 150A is compound, reach to make the plasma column compression, improve the purpose of forming accuracy.In order to reach required forming height, can repeatedly carry out by above-mentioned steps, until reaching requirement for height.
Embodiment 2: according to the requirement of part forming, adopting Co-based alloy powder, according to the digitlization deposition forming path that is obtained by three-dimensional CAD model, is the plasma arc of 120A and the Q-switch laser bundle combined shaping that power is 150w with the transferred arc electric current on substrate.Repeatedly carry out by above-mentioned steps, successively deposition forming reaches desired height.
Embodiment 3: adopting the intermetallic Ni-Al compound powder, according to the digitlization deposition forming path that is obtained by three-dimensional CAD model, is the plasma arc of 180A and the Q-switch laser Shu Fuhe that power is 200w, successively deposition forming with the transferred arc electric current on substrate; Secondly, in forming process or after the end that is shaped, adopt Q-switch laser, carry out laser surface and remove the thin fine finishining that declines, to improve surface quality to formed body surface front illuminated.
Embodiment 4: according to the requirement of part forming, employing metal-ceramic composite powder end, on substrate,, be the plasma arc of 180A and the Q-switch laser bundle combined shaping that power is 400w with the transferred arc electric current according to the digitlization deposition forming path that obtains by three-dimensional CAD model.Repeatedly carry out by above-mentioned steps, successively deposition forming reaches desired height.
Claims (3)
1. the direct manufacture method of no mould of part and mould comprises the steps: (1) requirement according to part forming, the three-dimensional CAD model of design elements; (2), three-dimensional CAD model is carried out slicing treatment according to part shape and dimension precision requirement; (3) carry out path planning according to the characteristics of individual-layer data and every layer of shape, generate the every layer of required numerical control code that is shaped; (4) adopt the plasma deposition spray gun or the argon-arc welding gun of numerical control, with the silk material or the powder of alloy, intermetallic compound, cermet or pottery, on substrate according to every layer numerical control code deposition forming; (5) in the deposition forming process, that plasma arc and laser beam is compound; (6) according to above-mentioned steps (3)～(5) deposition forming successively, reach the requirement of accessory size shape until formed body.
2. the direct manufacture method of no mould of part as claimed in claim 1 and mould, it is characterized in that in forming process or be shaped finish after, with ultrasonic wave, dry type spark machined, milling or laser ablation formula method, formula fine finishining is removed on the formed body surface; Or carry out surface treatment with laser and plasma, to reach required surface quality.
3. the direct manufacture method of no mould of part as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and mould, it is characterized in that with the compound laser beam of plasma arc be CO
2The laser beam that laser instrument, YAG solid state laser or Q-switched laser send, its mean power are in the 1000w.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101205527A CN100457331C (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | Method for mouldless directly mfg. of parts and mould |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101205527A CN100457331C (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | Method for mouldless directly mfg. of parts and mould |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1792513A true CN1792513A (en) | 2006-06-28 |
| CN100457331C CN100457331C (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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| CNB2005101205527A Active CN100457331C (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2005-12-28 | Method for mouldless directly mfg. of parts and mould |
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Cited By (26)
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| CN101259526B (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2011-02-16 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Non die-casting type digitalization fast manufacturing method |
| CN102268506A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron |
| CN102655975A (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2012-09-05 | 挪威钛组件公司 | Method and device for manufacturing titanium objects |
| CN102962451A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-03-13 | 华中科技大学 | Electromagnetic flexible composite deposition direct preparation forming method of multifunctional gradient component |
| CN103358017A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | High-precision three-dimensional rapid manufacturing composite laser processing method and processing system |
| CN104439884A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | Mould three-dimensional rapid forming and repairing method based on reverse engineering |
| CN104493493A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-08 | 深圳市圆梦精密技术研究院 | Multi-axis milling and laser melting composite 3D printing apparatus |
| WO2015185001A1 (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2015-12-10 | 华中科技大学 | Incremental manufacturing method for part or mold |
| CN105531060A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2016-04-27 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | Additive manufacturing systems for and a method of surface overlay before joining, using a plurality of anchoring materials |
| CN105773073A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-07-20 | 北京航科精机科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing complex metal part by combining additive manufacturing with milling |
| CN105773072A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-07-20 | 北京航科精机科技有限公司 | Method for additive manufacturing of complex metal part through sheet layer overlaying |
| CN105834428A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-10 | 重庆理工大学 | Laser three-dimensional fast forming and manufacturing method based on micro arc powder carrying |
| CN105945281A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-21 | 华中科技大学 | Deposition forming manufacturing method of parts and molds |
| CN106041073A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 施卫东 | Metal additive manufacturing method and device adopting plasma beam deposition direct shaping |
| CN106077901A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric arc based on hot-work die failure site increases material manufacture method |
| CN106270491A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-01-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of cermet particles and preparation method and application |
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| CN106738505A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of manufacture method of the composite material shaping mould with composite construction |
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| CN108103500A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of stretching prestressing force cermet die casting and preparation method thereof |
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| US5098737A (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1992-03-24 | Board Of Regents The University Of Texas System | Amorphic diamond material produced by laser plasma deposition |
| JPH03107447A (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1991-05-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Plasma thermal spraying method |
| CN1140377C (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2004-03-03 | 华中科技大学 | Method and equipment for directly and quickly manufacturing mould and parts |
| DE10337149A1 (en) * | 2003-08-13 | 2005-03-10 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Process for process control of a laser or plasma deposition welding process in which a workpiece is melted by a laser or plasma beam useful in welding operations |
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2005
- 2005-12-28 CN CNB2005101205527A patent/CN100457331C/en active Active
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