CN1764013A - Large-scale high precision spherical antenna panel measuring and assemblage adjusting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a measurement and installation regulation method for large-scale high-accuracy spherical antenna panel, which comprises: completing nun-contact real-time three-dimension coordinate measurement of antenna panel target ento-ectad from circle to circle with high-accuracy electronic theodolite controlled by computer; building relation between coordinate systems according to measured data to translate target coordinate from measurement coordinate system to antenna coordinate system, translating the data and inputting into software database, and optimizing the tangential and normal regulation values of every panel regulation point; according to calculated result, making space reflection plane coincidence to designed target reflection surface; repeating the said process till satisfying accuracy require. This invention has high regulation accuracy and wide application.

Description

Large-scale high-precision spherical antenna panel measuring and installation adjusting method

Technical field

The invention belongs to and measure and the adjustment technology field, relate to the measurement and the adjustment of aerial panel.Specifically a kind of large-scale high-precision spherical antenna panel measuring and installation adjusting method can be used for instructing large-scale high-precision spherical antenna panel to measure fast and install and adjust.

Background technology

Antenna is mainly used in effectively orienting reflex and accepts electromagnetic wave, is the part of electronic equipments such as radar, communication.Surface antenna is a kind of main type of antenna, comprises various parabolic antennas, fan-beam antenna, dual reflector antenna, spherical antenna etc., generally partly is made up of antenna reflective face, back of the body frame, centerbody, radiator etc.

In the large-scale high-precision antenna System Design, the surface accuracy of antenna reflective face is one of basic mechanical design feature index of antenna, and it directly affects electric properties such as antenna gain.Along with the increase of antenna aperture, the raising of operating frequency, also more and more higher to the antenna reflective face required precision.Because the large aperture antenna reflecting surface is assembled by tens even a hundreds of reflecting surface, for obtaining reflecting surface surface accuracy preferably, just must rationally install and adjust each piece panel, the shape of the reflecting surface that each panel forms and the target reflection face of design are matched, to satisfy the requirement of electric index.Therefore the measurement of aerial panel and installation adjustment level are one of principal elements that influences the precision of the antenna reflector surface.

The locus of aerial panel generally obtains by one group of target point position coordinates measuring on the panel.With reference to the data of surveying, carry out the precision adjustment of locus then by the accurate adjusting mechanism counter plate around the aerial panel reverse side edge.Owing to the influence of the position modulated integral point change in location of arbitrfary point on the panel changes, the adjustment point of once adjusting can depart from the position that mixes up because of adjusting other point, so the installation adjustment of high-precision antenna panel has great difficulty.

At present, be to adopt the method for micrometer instrument and steel hand tape combination that aerial panel is measured for the most frequently used measuring and regulating method of the large-scale surface antenna of medium accuracy, by rule of thumb every panel is adjusted repeatedly then.This method adopts " one jiao of one distance " measurement and positioning method, promptly adopts the target measurement elevation angle on the theodolite aiming panel that is positioned at the antenna-reflected vertex of surface, utilizes steel hand tape combined process hole measurement radial distance.Utilize target to measure between the elevation angle and the theoretical elevation angle error then, manually adjust the adjusting mechanism around the panel by rule of thumb, try to gather repeatedly to meet the requirements up to precision as the reference foundation.Because the restriction of method of measurement and method of adjustment, this measuring and regulating method generally can only be with the whole surface accuracy RMS of antenna, promptly normal error root mean square transfers to about 0.3mm, and the skilled person need measure 3-4 cycle-index of adjustment at least.So the mode of this adjustment aerial panel, it is more not only to adjust number of times, and efficient and precision are lower, particularly more at aerial panel, and under the required precision condition with higher, the problems referred to above are more outstanding.In Zhu Zhonggan, leaf " antenna structure design " (National Defense Industry Press, 1980) that still brightness is shown, the content of this method of measurement of summary is arranged, but do not relate to method of adjustment.

In recent years, along with applications such as military affairs, astronomy are more and more higher to the antenna performance requirement, the operating frequency of antenna has extended to millimere-wave band, as the Ka wave band.Antenna type also extends to other types such as sphere from parabola, RMS requires to reach below the 0.1mm.For so high-precision extraordinary spherical antenna, as adopt above-mentioned traditional panel measuring and method of adjustment can't reach requirement.

Domestic have a spot of document of simply introducing parabolic antenna panel measuring method.As still among the § 6-4 " detection of parabolic antenna " of " antenna structure design " (National Defense Industry Press, 1980) P345 of showing of brightness, having summarized the detection method of several parabolic antennas at Zhu Zhonggan, leaf.2 kinds of modern surveying methods of reflector precision have been summarized at " antenna structure analysis, optimization and measurement " (publishing house of Xian Electronics Science and Technology University, 1998) P330 the 16th chapter that Duan Baoyan showed.Paper " large-scale precision antenna detection technology " (electric mechanical technology at Yu Weiquan, Xu Juying, 1983.1), the introduction of the engineering application of traditional transit survey method is all arranged in the paper of Yu Weiquan, Deng Qiyuan, Yu Qiulian " 13.7 meters millimeter wave antenna interareas detect and the calibration of major-minor face " (electric mechanical engineering, 1987.2).But all do not discuss the detailed content that panel is adjusted guidance method, more do not discuss the content of spherical antenna panel measuring and installation adjusting method.

Relate to the method that panel is adjusted though foreign literature has, but still can't solve the spherical antenna panel measuring and the adjustment problem is installed.For example: Meguro, Akira; Harada, Satoshi; Watanabe, Mitsuhobu. " Ahigh precision large deployable mesh reflector for the Ku band mission " Twenty-Third International Symposium on Space Technology and Science, Matsue, Japan, May 23-June 2,2002, Tokyo, Japan, Tabata, the method for measurement of report relates to the reflector shape precision regulation method of space net-shape antenna; Masaki; Yamamoto, Kazuo; Inoue, Toshi; Noda, Takahiko; Miura, Koryo. " Space adjustment of a flexible spaceantenna reflector " ournal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures.Vol.3, no.4, Deguchi, the method for measurement of Hiroyuki (Mitsubishi Electric Corp) report is the profile method of adjustment of relevant flexible antennas; Masuda, Masanori; Ebisui, Takashi; Shimawaki, Yutaka; Ukita, Nobuharu; Shibata. " Radio holographic metrologywith best-fit panel model of the Nobeyama 45-m telescope " Publ by Inst ofElectronics, Inf ﹠amp; The method of measurement of Commun Engineers of Japan report is based on the best matching surface template die type of radio holographic measurement technology.

The content of invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of aerial panel measures and installation adjusting method, adjust efficient and the whole low problem of surface accuracy of antenna to solve traditional empirical method, satisfy the whole surface accuracy RMS of the extraordinary spherical antenna panel of large-scale high-precision and need transfer to the following requirement of 0.1mm.

Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is to adjust on the basis of characteristics in the installation of having analyzed the spherical antenna panel, install to adjust to survey by exploitation spherical antenna panel and transfer software, handle the panel measurement data in real time, instruct the panel adjustment with the adjustment amount that calculates gained.Its main process is:

(1) measures aerial panel target coordinate with measuring instrument;

(2) use survey and transfer software to carry out coordinate system conversion, Data Format Transform processing, and calculate the tangential adjustment amount and the normal direction adjustment amount of each panel adjustment point;

(3) adjust aerial panel according to the tangential and normal direction adjustment amount that calculates gained, the space reflection face of each piece panel composition and the target reflection face of design are matched, satisfy the requirement of electric index;

(4) can carry out panel measuring again after the adjustment, so repeatedly up to satisfying required precision.

Above-mentioned aerial panel is measured and installation adjusting method, wherein measure aerial panel target coordinate with measuring instrument, be to be transducer with electronic theodolite etc., under computer control, finish the noncontact and the real-time three-dimensional measurement of coordinates of measured piece, be that survey crew passes through 2 theodolites and observes point to be located P simultaneously, obtain 4 angular observation amount a1, b1, a2, b2.After this data are handled through computer data, can finally obtain the three-dimensional coordinate of P point under measurement coordinate system (x, y, z).This measuring sequence is carried out for from coil to coil from inside to outside.

Above-mentioned aerial panel is measured and installation adjusting method, wherein surveys and transfers that software comprises that master data settings, block data typing, the typing of target theoretical coordinate, target measurement coordinate change over to, functions such as target error and assembly precision calculating, the demonstration of panel adjustment amount result of calculation, coordinate transform and the inquiry of historical data, statistics.Adopt the DELPHI exploitation, background data base is ACCESS, runs under the WINDOWS environment.

Above-mentioned aerial panel is measured and installation adjusting method, and wherein coordinate system conversion, Data Format Transform processing procedure are:

(1) sets up between 2 coordinate systems according to 3 standard measuring point coordinates that record on the antenna end actinal surface and concern;

(2) utilize the coordinate transform function of software, the target coordinate is transformed into the antenna coordinate system from measurement coordinate system;

(3) transfer the software data call format according to surveying, will measure gained target data format and change, and change measurement data over to survey accent software database.

Above-mentioned aerial panel is measured and installation adjusting method, and wherein to go out the tangential adjustment amount of each panel adjustment point be to calculate according to following formula to computation optimization: $\mathrm{\ΔT}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2\mathrm{\ΔTi}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2}$

M in the formula _i=Xlicos α icos β i+Ylicos α isin β i-(R-Zli) sin α i, Xli, Yli, the theoretical coordinate that Zli is ordered for target i, α i cuts angle for target i place panel, and β i is the azimuth at target i place.R is a spherical radius, and n is the target number of certain panel.Δ Ti is for only considering the single-point adjustment, the tangential adjustment amount of panel target that calculates.

Above-mentioned aerial panel is measured and installation adjusting method, and wherein to go out the normal direction adjustment amount of each panel adjustment point be to calculate according to following formula to computation optimization: $\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{Ni}}^{\′}=\mathrm{\ΔNi}-{\mathrm{\Δ}}^{\′}=(\frac{\mathrm{\ΔZni}}{\cos \mathrm{\αi}}-\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{Ti}\tan \mathrm{\αi})-\left[(Z_A-Z_B)\cos \mathrm{\αi}\right]$

Δ Zni=Zni-Zli in the formula, Zn _iBe the subpoint coordinate of target on the sphere that coincide, Zli is a target theory target coordinate.Move behind Δ T, the Δ Ni corresponding points through eyeball and make the straight line parallel with the Z axle, the Z coordinate of this straight line and theoretical hand-deliver is Z _AZ _BPoint is the Z coordinate after eyeball moves Δ T, Δ Ni.

Above-mentioned aerial panel is measured and installation adjusting method, wherein said adjustment amount according to the calculating gained is adjusted aerial panel, be to carry out panel earlier tangentially to adjust, monoblock panel adjustment amount is Δ T, in adjusting point, select wherein carry out the normal direction adjustment in turn then at 3, adjustment amount is Δ Ni ', and residue adjustment point can only loosen, and treats to use as strengthening fixing point after the whole front panel adjustment.

The present invention has following advantage:

(1) the present invention has both improved certainty of measurement and efficient owing to adopted the contour precision measure instrument of electronic theodolite that the aerial panel target is measured, and can obtain the measurement result of text formatting again easily, is convenient to carry out the subsequent calculations machine data and handles.

(2) the present invention is owing to adopt testing software to handle the space coordinates incidence relation of panel, and computation optimization the optimum adjustment amount of panel, adjustment provides theoretical direction to aerial panel.Use proof through engineering, carry out the panel adjustment by rule of thumb with the past tradition and compare, reduced the adjustment number of times, improved adjustment efficient.

(3) measurement of the present invention is adjusted precision up to RMS＜0.1mm, has solved needs are adjusted in the measurement and the installation of extraordinary antenna.

(4) the present invention both can be used for whole data batch processing, the disposable adjustment of panel to the algorithm of adjustment amount, also can be used for the local adjustment of monolithic panel data processing and monolithic panel.

(5) the present invention can survey by computer and transfer software, realizes surveying the multiple functions such as storage, inquiry, statistics and three-dimensional display of adjusting data.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is that spherical antenna panel of the present invention is installed the adjustment flow chart

Fig. 2 is a spherical antenna panel adjustment amount calculation flow chart of the present invention

Embodiment

Below the measurement that present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying and adjustment process is installed.

With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is as follows to the process of large-scale high-precision spherical antenna panel measuring, data processing and adjustment:

1. aerial panel is just adorned initial adjustment

Before aerial panel was installed, the monolithic panel all need be measured through strict, satisfies the panel requirement on machining accuracy.In addition, the center of sticking is the target disc of ten sub-marks on the target design attitude of each piece aerial panel.Simultaneously, antenna reflective face back of the body frame also need be measured adjustment to reach designing requirement.On this basis, just can tentatively install one by one, to guarantee that panel puts in place substantially each piece aerial panel.Just the panel circumferencial direction lay unlikely distortion to guarantee panel, and panel is guaranteed by the installing hole of steel hand tape or panel itself generally radially generally by auxiliary adjustment of micrometer instrument aiming panel side in the process of assembling.

2. basic parameter, piecemeal parameter, the typing of target theoretical coordinate

Technical parameters such as the basic parameter of the institute of typing in advance observation line, piecemeal parameter, target theoretical coordinate in surveying accent software are as the basis of panel adjustment amount calculating.

3. the setting up of measuring instrument, measurement coordinate system are demarcated

Advanced industrial measuring system has been adopted in the aerial panel measurement, is transducer with electronic theodolite etc. promptly, finishes the noncontact and the real-time three-dimensional measurement of coordinates of measured piece under computer control.Below be that example is illustrated with the manual electronic theodolite that adopts in the actual measurement.The hardware device of manual electronic transit survey system is mainly electronic theodolite T3000, station meter, interface and compositions such as online cable and metering computer.Electronic theodolite T3000 is the present the highest theodolite of precision in the world, and the certainty of measurement of its horizontal angle and vertical angle is all 0.5 ".Measure to adopt and manually sight target, theodolite automatic reading, the method for pointwise observation.This measuring system belongs to the space intersection measuring system.At first finish system oriented during test, promptly set up 2 theodolites, determine relative position and the attitude of 2 theodolites in the space by the metering computer guiding.After system oriented is finished, promptly determine the space measurement coordinate system, can carry out the target measurement of coordinates then.

4. aerial panel target accurate measurement

Survey crew is observed point to be located P simultaneously by 2 theodolites, obtains 4 angular observation amount a1, b1, a2, b2.These data can finally obtain the three-dimensional coordinate (x, y, z) of P point under measurement coordinate system, and show on computers after handling through computer data.Measuring sequence is carried out for from coil to coil from inside to outside.Measuring gained target value space coordinates is temporarily stored in the metering computer.

5. coordinate system conversion, Data Format Transform, data change over to survey transfers software database

Because aerial panel adjustment amount computation model is accurate foundation with antenna coordinate, concern so at first need set up between 2 coordinate systems according to 3 standard measuring point coordinates that record on the antenna end actinal surface.Utilize software to carry out coordinate transform then, the target coordinate is transformed into the antenna coordinate system from measurement coordinate system.Then transfer the software data call format, will measure gained target data format and change according to surveying.By serial communication mode or copy mode measurement data is changed at last and survey the database of transferring software.

6. target Error Calculation

Based on target actual measurement coordinate, calculate the target error.The target error is defined as:

ΔXi＝Xci-Xli，ΔYi＝Yci-Yli，ΔZi＝Zci-Zli(i＝1～n)。

Xli in the formula, Yli, the theoretical coordinate that Zli is ordered for target i, Xci, Yci, Zci is the actual measurement coordinate.

7. assembly precision calculates

Based on the target error, calculate whole the assembly precision that all panels of antenna are formed.Assembly precision is defined as:

${\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{ZP}}=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}[{(\mathrm{\ΔXi}-\mathrm{\Δ}\stackrel{\_}{X})}^2+{(\mathrm{\ΔYi}-\mathrm{\Δ}\stackrel{\_}{Y})}^2+{(\mathrm{\ΔZi}-\mathrm{\Δ}\stackrel{\_}{Z})}^2]}{m}}$ M is total target number of whole of antenna

In the formula, $\mathrm{\Δ}\stackrel{\‾}{X}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{\ΔXi}}{m},\mathrm{\Δ}\stackrel{\‾}{Y}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{\ΔYi}}{m},\mathrm{\Δ}\stackrel{\‾}{Z}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{\ΔZi}}{m}$

8. each panel adjustment amount calculates

Do not reach designing requirement as assembly precision,, calculate the adjustment amount of each panel adjustment point then based on above-mentioned measured value and other technical parameter.The calculating of each panel adjustment point adjustment amount is to be theoretical foundation with sphere panel adjustment amount computation model.Its basic ideas are at first each piece aerial panel to be carried out best sphere to coincide, and make each target reach space correlation.Be target to reduce panel target normal direction deviation then, go out the tangential and normal direction adjustment amount that each adjusts point by computation optimization, thereby reach the purpose that matching surface overlaps with theoretical face.Detailed process is as follows:

(1) the best sphere calculation of parameter of coincideing of panel:

For spherical antenna, establishing former design surface is M, and distortion back reflection face is N, always can find the best sphere that coincide to N.

If OXYZ is the design spherical coordinate system, initial point is the spherical antenna summit, U _A, V _A, W _ABe the top displacement of best identical sphere summit to former design spherical, R is the radius of sphere.The equation of former design spherical:

X ²+Y ²+(R-Z) ²＝R ² (1)

The best spherical equation that coincide of order is:

X ₁ ²+Y ₁ ²+(R-Z ₁) ²＝R ² (2)

According to coordinate transform: $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_1=X-U_A\\ Y_1=Y-V_A\\ Z_1=Z-W_A\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

With (3) formula substitution (2) formula, omit the second order trace, abbreviation gets best identical sphere equation under former coordinate system:

X ²+Y ²+Z ²-2XU _A-2YV _A-2ZW _A-2RZ+2RW _A＝0 (4)

If n target arranged on certain panel, the theoretical coordinate that target i is ordered is Xli, Yli, Zli (i=1～n), the actual measurement coordinate is Xci, Yci, and (i=1～n), the error of target is Δ Xi=Xci-Xli to Zci, Δ Yi=Yci-Yli, Δ Zi=Zci-Zli.If l, m, n are the normal direction cosine of certain point on the matching surface,, can be approximately equal to theoretical face and be in the normal direction cosine that i is ordered because malformation is less:

$\mathrm{li}=\frac{-\mathrm{Xli}}{R},\mathrm{mi}=\frac{-\mathrm{Yli}}{R},\mathrm{ni}=\frac{R-\mathrm{Zli}}{R}---\left(5\right)$

If Δ is the normal direction deviation of certain eyeball to best matching surface, can get following corresponding relation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}X=\mathrm{Xli}+\mathrm{\ΔXi}+l\×\mathrm{\Δ}\\ Y=\mathrm{Yli}+\mathrm{\ΔYi}+m\×\mathrm{\Δ}\\ Z=\mathrm{Zli}+\mathrm{\ΔZi}+n\×\mathrm{\Δ}\end{array}\right.---\left(6\right)$

With (6) formula substitution (4), ignore the second order trace, can obtain after the i displacement the coincide normal direction deviation of sphere of the best: ${\mathrm{\Δ}}_i=\frac{1}{R}[\mathrm{Xli}(\mathrm{\ΔXi}-U_A)+\mathrm{Yli}(\mathrm{\ΔYi}-V_A)+(\mathrm{Zli}-R)\×(\mathrm{\ΔZi}-W_A)]---\left(7\right)$

The overall accuracy of whole front panel is the root mean square to the identical sphere normal direction deviation of the best that all target errors of panel cause: $\mathrm{\δ}=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{{\mathrm{\Δ}}_i}^2}{n}}$ N is the target number (8) of certain panel

Order $D_l=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{{\mathrm{\Δ}}_i}^2$ The best sphere that coincide should make the quadratic sum D of reflecting surface each point to the normal direction deviation _lGet minimum value, and matching surface is determined by identical parameter, so the best parameter of coincideing should make D _lVariation minimalization with the parameter of coincideing.For reduced equation, make D=D ₁* R ², promptly work as $\frac{\∂D}{{\∂U}_A}=\frac{\∂D}{\∂V_A}=\frac{\∂D}{\∂W_A}=0$ The time, just can reach best matching surface.By introducing a series of matrix equations, can concern:

Solve an equation (9), can obtain the parameter U that coincide _A, V _A, W _A

(2) the panel adjustment amount calculates:

By calculate the target eyeball on the sphere that coincide projection coordinate and the deviation between projection coordinate and target theoretical coordinate, calculate panel tangentially and the normal direction adjustment amount.Can obtain the normal direction deviation of certain target eyeball i according to (7) formula and identical sphere parameter to the sphere that coincide.Certain target eyeball i projection coordinate on matching surface is:

Xni＝Xci+liΔi Yni＝Yci+miΔi Zni＝Zci+niΔi (10)

1. the calculating of tangential adjustment amount Δ T:

As only considering the single-point adjustment, subpoint is in the axial slices projection of panel on the sphere that coincide according to the panel target, and can getting accordingly tangentially, adjustment amount is:

ΔTi＝(ΔRni+ΔZni×tanαi)cosαi (11)

In the formula $\mathrm{\ΔRni}=\mathrm{Rni}-\mathrm{Rli},\mathrm{Rni}=\sqrt{{\mathrm{Xni}}^2+{\mathrm{Yni}}^2},\mathrm{Rli}=\sqrt{{\mathrm{Xli}}^2+{\mathrm{Yli}}^2}$

Δ Zni=Zni-Zli α i cuts angle for target i place panel.

The actual timing of surveying, whole tangential the moving of panel carried out along face plate center.When the tangential mobile Δ T of panel, for the target i on arbitrary center line, at X, Y, the mobile component of Z direction is:

ΔXi＝ΔT*cosαi*cosβi，ΔYi＝ΔT*cosαi*sinβi，ΔZi＝ΔT*sinαi (12)

Not on center line,, then replace actual moving to cut angle as target with α j is approximate as the j point.β i is the azimuth at target i place.

Owing to the whole adjustment of panel incidence relation, each target can not be adjusted Δ Ti respectively, as establishes the whole tangential mobile Δ T that is of panel, and then the tangential residual error of each target existence is Δ Ti-Δ T.The remaining tangential error of each target at the component of X, Y, Z direction is: Δ X ' i=(Δ Ti-Δ T) * cos α i*cos β i

ΔY′i＝(ΔTi-ΔT)*cosαi*sinβi (13)

ΔZ′i＝(ΔTi-ΔT)*sinαi

Just increase to the normal direction deviation, can derive on the theoretical face certain some i and be in whole normal direction deviations that all directions displacement X, Δ Y, Δ Z cause:

$\mathrm{\Δi}=\frac{1}{R}[\mathrm{Xli}*\mathrm{\ΔXi}+\mathrm{Yli}*\mathrm{\ΔYi}-\mathrm{\ΔZi}(R-\mathrm{Zli})]---\left(14\right)$

So whole normal direction deviations that the remaining tangential error of target i causes are:

$\mathrm{\Δi}=\frac{1}{R}[\mathrm{Xli}*\mathrm{\Δ}{X}^{\′}i+\mathrm{Yli}*\mathrm{\Δ}{Y}^{\′}i-\mathrm{\Δ}{Z}^{\′}i(R-\mathrm{Zli})]$

$=\frac{1}{R}[\mathrm{Xli}(\mathrm{\ΔTi}-\mathrm{\ΔT})\cos \mathrm{\αi}\cos \mathrm{\βi}+\mathrm{Yli}(\mathrm{\ΔTi}-\mathrm{\ΔT})\cos \mathrm{\αi}\sin \mathrm{\βi}-(R-\mathrm{Zli})(\mathrm{\ΔTi}-\mathrm{\ΔT})\sin \mathrm{\αi}]---\left(15\right)$

So the root mean square of whole normal direction deviations that the remaining tangential error of whole n targets causes is:

${\mathrm{\σ}}_1=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{\Δ}{i}^2}{n}}---\left(16\right)$

If m _i=Xlicos α icos β i+Ylicos α isin β i-(R-Zli) sin α i

Then $\mathrm{\Δi}=\frac{\mathrm{mi}}{R}(\mathrm{\ΔTi}-\mathrm{\ΔT}),\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\Δ}}_i^2=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{{\mathrm{mi}}^2}{R^2}{(\mathrm{\ΔTi}-\mathrm{\ΔT})}^2---\left(17\right)$

Based on following formula, can seek tangential adjustment amount Δ T value, make $\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\Δ}}_i^2\→\min ,$ Thereby make σ ₁→ min.

In the formula, only Δ T is a unknown quantity, and Δ Ti, Xli, Yli, Zli, R are known quantity, α i, and β i can obtain according to geometrical relationship.

Order $\frac{d\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\Δi}}^2}{\mathrm{d\ΔT}}=0$ Promptly $\frac{1}{R^2}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{{\mathrm{dmi}}^2{(\mathrm{\ΔTi}-\mathrm{\ΔT})}^2}{\mathrm{d\ΔT}}=0$

Can get $\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2\mathrm{\ΔTi}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2\mathrm{\ΔT}=\mathrm{\ΔT}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2$

So tangential adjustment amount is: $\mathrm{\ΔT}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2\mathrm{\ΔTi}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2}---\left(18\right)$

2. normal direction adjustment amount Δ Ni calculates:

As only considering the single-point adjustment, to manage just be adjusted into from the top down to direction, then corresponding normal direction adjustment amount is:

ΔNi＝ΔZni/cosα _i-ΔTitanα _i (19)

But,, have tangential residual error so each is adjusted point owing to tangentially be adjusted into the whole mobile Δ T of whole front panel.Consider the influence that this residual error is adjusted normal direction,, make still to be positioned on the theoretical sphere after the measurement point adjustment so need carry out trickle correction to Δ Ni.

Suppose to calculate tangential adjustment amount Δ Ti, and whole plate adjustment amount is Δ T that then final method is modified to Δ Ni '=Δ Ni-Δ ' (20) to adjustment amount for adjusting some i

And Δ ' distortion is small, can approximate representation be

Δ′＝(Z _A-Z _B)cosα _i

So the normal direction adjustment amount is: $\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{Ni}}^{\′}=(\frac{\mathrm{\ΔZni}}{\cos \mathrm{\αi}}-\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{Ti}\tan \mathrm{\αi})-\left[(Z_A-Z_B)\cos \mathrm{\αi}\right]---\left(21\right)$

In the formula, corresponding points were done the straight line parallel with the Z axle after the process eyeball moved Δ T, Δ Ni, and this straight line is Z with the Z coordinate of theoretical hand-deliver point _AZ _BPoint is the Z coordinate after eyeball moves Δ T, Δ Ni.

9. panel adjustment

By means of the micro-adjusting mechanism around amesdial and the panel, under the guidance of tangential adjustment amount Δ T that calculates and normal direction adjustment amount Δ Ni ', undertaken tangential and the adjustment of normal direction trace by the personnel of adjustment counter plate position.Its adjustment mode is: carry out panel earlier and tangentially adjust, monoblock panel adjustment amount is Δ T; Consider the principle of three-point fix then, can select wherein carry out the normal direction adjustment in turn in adjusting point at 3, adjustment amount is Δ Ni '.Residue adjustment point can only loosen, and treats to use as strengthening fixing point after the whole front panel adjustment.

10. remeasure adjustment:

Can carry out panel measuring again after the adjustment, so repeatedly up to satisfying required precision.

Adopt method of the present invention that 6.2m bore ka wave band spherical antenna has been carried out measurement and panel adjustment.16 panels were formed around this antenna was reached by centerbody, and precision prescribed is up to RMS＜0.1mm.In the entire antenna adjustment process,, just can be the root mean square of target normal direction remainder error with its whole surface accuracy and reduce to 0.09mm from 0.5mm only through the measurement adjustment of 3 circulations.

Actual measurement shows: use measuring and regulating method of the present invention and survey accent software, reduce aerial panel and adjusted number of times, adjustment efficient and precision have been improved, its precision is up to RMS＜0.1mm, solved the measurement and the panel adjustment needs of extraordinary antenna, the present invention can be applicable to the measurement of various spherical antenna panels and adjustment.

Claims (7)

1. large-scale high-precision spherical antenna panel measuring and installation adjusting method, its process is as follows:

(1) measures aerial panel target coordinate with measuring instrument;

(2) survey accent software with computer and carry out coordinate system conversion, Data Format Transform processing, and the tangential adjustment amount of each panel adjustment point of computation optimization and normal direction adjustment amount;

(3) adjust aerial panel according to the tangential and normal direction adjustment amount that calculates gained, the space reflection face of each piece panel composition and the target reflection face of design are matched, satisfy the requirement of electric index;

(4) carry out panel measuring again after the adjustment, so repeatedly up to satisfying required precision.

2. spherical antenna panel measuring according to claim 1 and installation adjusting method, it is characterized in that described with measuring instrument measurement aerial panel target coordinate, be to be transducer with the electronic theodolite, under computer control, finish noncontact and real-time three-dimensional measurement of coordinates to the aerial panel target, promptly observe point to be located P simultaneously by two theodolites, obtain 4 angular observation amount a1, b1, a2, b2, these data obtain the three-dimensional coordinate (x, y, z) of P point under measurement coordinate system after handling through computer data.

3. spherical antenna panel measuring according to claim 1 and installation adjusting method, it is characterized in that described computer survey transfer that software is provided with that master data settings, block data settings, the typing of target theoretical coordinate, target measure that coordinate changes over to, target error and assembly precision calculates, panel adjustment amount result of calculation demonstration and measurement data is inquired about, statistical function.

4. according to claim 1 or 3 described spherical antenna panel measuring and installation adjusting methods, it is characterized in that described survey with computer transfer software to carry out the coordinate system conversion, Data Format Transform is handled, carry out according to the following procedure:

(1) sets up between 2 coordinate systems according to 3 standard measuring point coordinates that record on the antenna end actinal surface and concern;

(2) utilize the coordinate transform function of software, the target coordinate is transformed into the antenna coordinate system from measurement coordinate system;

(3) transfer the software data call format according to surveying, will measure gained target data format and change, and change measurement data over to survey accent software database.

5. spherical antenna panel measuring according to claim 1 and installation adjusting method is characterized in that the tangential adjustment amount Δ T of each panel adjustment point of described computation optimization, are to be undertaken by following formula:

$\mathrm{\ΔT}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2\mathrm{\ΔTi}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{mi}}^2}$

M in the formula _i=Xlicos α icos β i+Ylicos α isin β i-(R-Zli) sin α i

Xli, Yli, the theoretical coordinate that Zli is ordered for target i

α i cuts angle for target i place panel

β i is the azimuth at target i place

R is a spherical radius

N is the target number of certain panel

Δ Ti is for only considering the single-point adjustment, the tangential adjustment amount of panel target i that calculates.

6. spherical antenna panel measuring according to claim 1 and installation adjusting method is characterized in that the normal direction adjustment amount Δ Ni ' of each panel adjustment point i of described computation optimization, are to be undertaken by following formula:

$\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{Ni}}^{\′}=\mathrm{\ΔNi}-{\mathrm{\Δ}}^{\′}=(\frac{\mathrm{\ΔZni}}{\cos \mathrm{\αi}}-\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{Ti}\tan \mathrm{\αi})-\left[(Z_A-Z_B)\cos \mathrm{\αi}\right]$

Δ Zni=Zni-Zli in the formula

Zn _iBe the subpoint coordinate of target on the sphere that coincide

Zli is a target theory target coordinate

α i cuts angle for target i place panel

Z _AEyeball moves the corresponding points Z axle parallel lines and the theoretical coordinate of delivering personally and putting behind Δ T, the Δ Ni

Z _BPoint is the coordinate after eyeball moves Δ T, Δ Ni.

7. spherical antenna panel measuring according to claim 1 and installation adjusting method, it is characterized in that described according to calculating the tangential of gained and normal direction adjustment amount adjustment aerial panel, be to carry out panel earlier tangentially to adjust, tangential panel adjustment amount is Δ T, in adjusting point, select wherein carry out the normal direction adjustment in turn then at 3, adjustment amount is Δ Ni ', and residue adjustment point can only loosen, and treats to use as strengthening fixing point after the whole front panel adjustment.

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