CN1635324A - Power generation system and method utilizing exhaust gas waste heat from cement predecomposition kiln - Google Patents
Power generation system and method utilizing exhaust gas waste heat from cement predecomposition kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN1635324A CN1635324A CNA2004100496041A CN200410049604A CN1635324A CN 1635324 A CN1635324 A CN 1635324A CN A2004100496041 A CNA2004100496041 A CN A2004100496041A CN 200410049604 A CN200410049604 A CN 200410049604A CN 1635324 A CN1635324 A CN 1635324A
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- cyclone preheater
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
- Y02P40/121—Energy efficiency measures, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods
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Abstract
This invention discloses a cement predecompostion stove waste gas remaining heat electricity generation system and its method, wherein the generation system comprises the predecomposition stove system with multilevel vortex pre-heating device and decomposition stove system, crude materials process system, AQC stove, SP stove and generation device. It is characterized by the following: adding one three-way hot gas splitting pipe between the adjacent two degree vortex pre-heating devices or between the decomposition stove and the first vortex pre-heating device; the splitted hot gas is purified and is sent to the generation device through SP stove vapor generation for working for electricity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity generation system and electricity-generating method thereof of cement nsp kiln waste gas residual heat, belong to cement nsp kiln exhaust-gas treatment and waste heat and utilize the field again, is the improvement that utilizes cement nsp kiln waste gas residual heat electricity-generating method to existing.
Background technology
Rotary kiln is discharged the waste gas of uniform temperature in manufacture of cement, for the waste heat in its waste gas is reused, reduce the pollution of waste gas discharge to environment, had and utilized the hollow dry-process rotory kiln to discharge the production line of about 850 ℃ gas waste-heat generating, but because the cement output of such production line is low, deficiency in economic performance, this kiln type no longer develops.Afterwards, occurred adding the multistage cyclone preheater at the rotary kiln gas outlet end, raw material obtain preheating by the multistage cyclone preheater, the EGT that goes out preheater is reduced to 380～400 ℃ at preheater during for level Four, its waste heat is except that supplying raw material stoving, still there is considerable part not to be utilized effectively, in order to solve the problem that waste gas residual heat effectively utilizes, Japan has taken the lead in occurring utilizing the waste gas residual heat of multistage cyclone preheater, in preheater waste heat boiler (being called for short the SP stove), will heat again and produce the method for power generation by waste heat that superheated steam generates electricity from the hot water of cooler waste heat boiler (being called for short the AQC stove), be referred to as pure method for power generation by waste heat, shown in Fig. 7-1, clinker cogeneration amount per ton is 25～30kwh.Because the EGT that this method is utilized is low, can only produce the steam of low-pressure, low temperature parameter, Steam Turbine efficient is low, and unit heat energy power-generating amount is low.In order to improve its steam parameter, occurred after the SP stove, setting up a coal-burning boiler, or be called the afterburning stove, the method that the steam turbine working medium that the SP stove is come out heats again is referred to as the afterburning oven process, shown in Fig. 7-2.Set up the variation that can cause working medium state in the whole system behind the afterburning stove, because going out the working medium of SP stove when of no help burner is superheated steam, its temperature is more than 300 ℃, enter the afterburning stove as working medium still with this temperature, its exhaust gas temperature will be more high than general boiler, heat loss due to exhaust gas is considerable, causes the thermal efficiency of afterburning stove low excessively, consequently loses more than gain.Therefore must strengthen the working medium internal circulating load after increasing the afterburning stove, reduce the working medium temperature that enters the afterburning stove, in the hope of the certain thermal efficiency of afterburning stove.This means when improving steam parameter, must increase the steam total amount, be that its generated energy is to obtain by waste heat and for improving steam parameter and increasing the fuel that quantity of steam consumed, and be greater than the quantity of steam that waste heat produces by the quantity of steam that consume fuel produces, even have for its more than twice.Because the cement production enterprise scale is limit, can only adopt the small steam turbine group of restriction of professional power plant even forbidding, its steam parameter is still on the low side, and Steam Turbine efficient is low, and the coal consumption of its unit quantity of electricity is far above large-scale unit.Because in the afterburning oven process, major part is obtained by consume fuel in the gross generation, the result comprises that the comprehensive standard coal consumption of each degree of waste heat still is higher than the average level 420g/kwh in thermal power plant, more is higher than the horizontal 350g/kwh of large power plant.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structurely, flexible for installation, equipment investment is low, SO in the waste gas
2And NO
xDischarge capacity low, be beneficial to the cement nsp kiln afterheat generating system of environmental protection, reduction cost of electricity-generating and raising generated energy, a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned electricity generation system generating also is provided simultaneously, is a kind of improvement to existing cement nsp kiln method for power generation by waste heat.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of cement nsp kiln afterheat generating system, and it comprises nsp kiln production equipment, raw material preparation, cooler waste heat boiler, preheater waste heat boiler, TRT and the kiln tail gas treatment system of being made up of multistage cyclone preheater and dore furnace; It is characterized in that: adding a triplet type hot gas isocon between the adjacent two stage cyclone preheater or between described dore furnace and the cyclone preheater that is adjacent, described triplet type hot gas isocon is provided with an air inlet, two gas outlets, it is respectively first gas outlet and second gas outlet; Arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater gas outlet or described dore furnace gas outlet are communicated with in described air inlet and the described multistage cyclone preheater, described first gas outlet is adjacent with described arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater and be communicated with along the next stage cyclone preheater of airflow direction or the next stage cyclone preheater adjacent with described dore furnace, and second gas outlet is communicated with described preheater waste heat boiler (being called for short the SP stove).
The gas outlet is connected with dual mode: the first when air inlet when arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater gas outlet in the multistage cyclone preheater is communicated with, first gas outlet is adjacent with described arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater and be communicated with along the next stage cyclone preheater of airflow direction, be equipped with a cyclone separator group between second gas outlet and the SP stove, the input of cyclone separator group is connected with second gas outlet, and its output and SP stove junction are provided with the flue control valve.
It two is when air inlet is communicated with described dore furnace gas outlet, its first gas outlet first order cyclone preheater adjacent with described dore furnace is communicated with, between second gas outlet and described SP stove, also to be equipped with another first order cyclone preheater, be equipped with a cyclone separator group between another first order cyclone preheater and the SP stove, the input of cyclone separator group is connected with another first order cyclone preheater gas outlet, and its output and described SP stove junction are provided with the flue control valve.
Described cyclone separator group in above-mentioned two kinds of connected modes is the one-level setting, also can be the two-stage setting.
Described multistage cyclone preheater group is provided with 3 grades, operated by rotary motion 3-5 level at least.
To achieve these goals, the present invention also provides the electricity-generating method that utilizes above-mentioned cement nsp kiln afterheat generating system, and total system moves under negative-pressure operation, it is characterized in that:
The step 1) utilization makes the hot gas of being discharged by one-level cyclone preheater in the adjacent secondary cyclone preheater or dore furnace split into two parts through described hot gas isocon between the adjacent secondary cyclone preheater of cement nsp kiln or the hot gas isocon of installing between dore furnace and the first order cyclone preheater;
Step 2) after the gas purification that utilizes the cyclone separator group that the hot gas isocon is shunted is handled, introduce the preheater waste heat boiler, heating generation superheated steam is sent into steam turbine generates electricity its work done.
Described multistage cyclone preheater group is provided with 3 grades at least, and the best is provided with the 3-5 level.
In technique scheme, the effect that adds the hot gas isocon is to reduce the gas flow that enters pre-heating system, improve the solid-gas ratio in the pre-heating system, promptly the ratio of inventory and gas flow reduces preheater outlet EGT and exhausted air quantity, reduce the heat energy that waste gas is taken away, and, be transferred in the higher gas of temperature, as the generating thermal source with the heat energy in the low gas of former temperature that is lowered, to improve steam parameter, realize the raising of generated energy.
The effect that adds the cyclone separator group is:
The one, will distribute the dust-laden hot gas purge processing that supplies generating, to reduce dust content in the hot gas, alleviate the wearing and tearing and the dust stratification of boiler comb, effectively the service life of the long comb in edge and raising boiler thermal output;
The 2nd, the fluid resistance of balance sysmte.After the hot gas shunting, two strands of air-flows are in parallel, the hot gas that continues to enter pre-heating system will pass through the multistage cyclone preheater, and for the hot gas of generating as directly entering the SP stove, the former fluid resistance is greater than the latter, for making resistance balance, certainly will be regulated with pipeline valve, be this means the deadweight loss of energy, after the increase cyclone separator group, both resistances are tended to balance, and pipeline valve only need be finely tuned and can be controlled.
The thermodynamic principles of technical scheme of the present invention institute foundation are as follows:
(1) relation of solid-gas ratio and preheater Outlet Gas Temperature
With a unit preheater is that example is analyzed,
If entering the gas flow of preheater is G
1, temperature is t
G1, mean specific heat is C
P1, the inventory of input preheater is M
1, temperature is t
M1, mean specific heat is C
1, the total heat that then enters preheater is:
H
1＝G
1×t
G1×C
P1+M
1×t
m1×C
1
The gas flow of pre-hot gas outlet is G
2, temperature is t
G2, mean specific heat is C
P2, the inventory of output preheater is M
2, temperature is t
M2, mean specific heat is C
2, then the total amount of heat of preheater outlet is:
H
2＝G
2×t
G2×C
P2+M
2×t
m2×C
2
According to thermal balance: H
1=H
2
G
1×t
G1×C
P1+M
1×t
m1×C
1＝G
2×t
G2×C
P2+M
2×t
m2×C
2
According to mass balance:
G
1＝G
2＝G；M
1＝M
2＝M
If: C
P1=C
P2=C
PC
1=C
2=C
And order
R is a solid-gas ratio; If t
G2=t
M2
Can get
∵t
G1＞t
m1
∴
The The above results explanation can make the temperature t of exit gas along with the raising of solid-gas ratio r
G2Descend.
(2) heat energy that temperature is lower is converted into the higher heat energy of temperature
Analyze as an autonomous system with preheater, dore furnace: as shown in Figure 4,
Before the shunting:
Enter the hot H of system
InComprise: from rotary kiln exit gas sensible heat H
GK, the fuel heat H of adding dore furnace
f, from chamotte cooler combustion air (tertiary air) sensible heat Ha, feeding material sensible heat H
M0
H
in＝H
GK+H
f+H
a+H
M0
Leave the hot H of system
OutComprise: the material sensible heat H that enters rotary kiln
MK, exit gas sensible heat H
G1, carbonate decomposition latent heat H
C
H
out＝H
MK+H
G1+H
C
H
in＝H
out；H
GK+H
f+H
a+H
M0＝H
MK+H
G1+H
C??????????(1)
The shunting back:
Heat for generating is He, and all the other every heat are respectively H with before shunting
GK', H
f', Ha ', H
M0', H
MK' H
G1' H
C'
H
in’＝H
GK’+H
f’+H
a’+H
M0’
H
out’＝H
MK’+H
G1’+H
C’+He
H
in’＝H
out’；
H
GK’+H
f’+H
a’+H
M0’＝H
MK’+H
G1’+H
C’+He????(2)
For keeping the original grog output of cement kiln, must possess following condition,
H
C＝H
C’??H
MK＝H
MK’????H
GK＝H
GK’
The identical H of feeding material state
M0=H
M0'
Reduce owing to enter the preheater gas flow after the hot gas shunting, the material sensible heat that then enters dore furnace decreases, and for satisfying above-mentioned prerequisite condition, needing provides additional heat content to dore furnace, Δ H
f, Δ Ha;
Be H
f'=H
f+ Δ H
fH
a'=Ha+ Δ Ha
With The above results substitution formula (2), and separate with formula (1) connection row:
He＝ΔH
f+ΔHa+(H
G1-H
G1’)
＝ΔH
f+ΔHa+ΔH
G1
The The above results explanation is by the preheater exit gas heat content difference Δ H that lowers for the heat energy He that generates electricity
G1With the heat content Δ H that replenishes
f+ Δ Ha constitutes.Former Δ H
G1Be the heat energy under the preheater Outlet Gas Temperature, He draws from the position higher than preheater Outlet Gas Temperature, illustrates by after the hot gas shunting, has improved Δ H
G1The capacity for work of this part heat energy.
(3) relation of steam initial conditions and generated energy
The actual work W that steam is made by steam turbine
T=(H
1-H
2) η
i
In the formula:
H
1For entering the steam turbine steam enthalpy
H
2For going out the steam turbine steam enthalpy
η
iBe System Turbine Relative Internal Efficiency
After the steam initial conditions improved, first vapour heat content was H
1'=H
1+ Δ H
1
Its actual work of making is
W
T’＝(H
1’-H
2)η
i
＝(H
1+ΔH
1-H
2)η
i
Turbine efficiency can be expressed as
Obvious η '＞η
The above results explanation, the raising of steam initial conditions, Efficiency of Steam Turbine will improve, and generated energy that can the unit's of making heat energy improves.
The technical solution used in the present invention, its beneficial effect is as follows:
1. improve heat energy utilization rate in the cement nsp kiln waste gas, promptly improved the generated energy of unit clinker waste gas residual heat, effectively reduce the comprehensive standard coal consumption of every degree electricity, compare with prior art, the generated energy of waste heat part can improve more than 20%.
2. reduction construction investment
The present invention the heat energy utilization rate, still is a kind of improvement with respect to the afterburning oven process in improving cement nsp kiln waste gas." afterburning " of the present invention is to transform in existing dore furnace, do not need to establish in addition the afterburning stove, afterheat utilization only needed the SP stove of a no combustion chamber and coal supply device thereof.And the hot gas that enters the SP stove is than former preheater Outlet Gas Temperature height, when its temperature when draw in first order cyclone preheater exit is 850 ℃, itself and about 220 ℃ of the MTD Δ t that is subjected to hot working fluid, and prior art enters the gas temperature of SP stove is 380～400 ℃, itself and about 70 ℃ of the MTD Δ t that is subjected to hot working fluid are according to the heat transfer law, when heat output is identical, required heat transfer area A and MTD Δ t are inverse relation
Wherein: Δ t
1=70 ℃; Δ t
2=220 ℃
The waste heat amount of being utilized is identical, and promptly heat output is identical, and then the heat transfer area of the inventive method SP stove is that comb quantity is only for SP stove in the prior art
Consequently the boiler steel amount greatly reduces, and effectively reduces its construction investment.
3. reduction cost of electricity-generating
Reduced the depreciation of fixed assets expense owing to reduce the comprehensive standard coal consumption of every degree electricity with the subsidiary benefit that reduces construction investment, two resultant effect has reduced cost of electricity-generating.
4. effectively reduce SO in the discharging waste gas
2With the content of NOx, promptly reduced its discharge capacity
Because the fuel that replenishes is in the dore furnace internal combustion, a large amount of CaO in the dore furnace have very strong desulfidation, and the desulfurization degree of flue gas can reach more than 85%, and dore furnace internal combustion temperature is 880～900 ℃, can generate the NOx of burning hardly, SO in the flue gas that the fuel that is promptly replenished produces
2, the discharge capacity of NOx is far below afterburning stove and professional thermal power plant, the SO in the flue gas of unit quantity of electricity
2, that the NOx discharge capacity reduces amplitude is bigger, its environmental benefit is significant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow direction of material schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2-1 is the schematic diagram of gas flow pattern one of the present invention
Fig. 2-2 is the schematic diagram of gas flow pattern two of the present invention
Fig. 3 flows to schematic diagram for working medium of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a heat energy principle of transfer schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 5-1 is hot gas isocon of the present invention and cyclone separator group installation position one schematic diagram
Fig. 5-2 is hot gas isocon of the present invention and cyclone separator group installation position two schematic diagrames
Fig. 5-3 is hot gas isocon of the present invention and cyclone separator group installation position three schematic diagrames
Fig. 5-4 is hot gas isocon of the present invention and cyclone separator group installation position four schematic diagrames
Fig. 6-1 is electricity-generating method embodiment one flow chart that 5 grades of cyclone preheater groups of Fig. 2-1 pattern one are provided with
Fig. 6-2 is electricity-generating method embodiment two flow charts that 5 grades of cyclone preheater groups of Fig. 2-2 pattern two are provided with
Fig. 6-3 is electricity-generating method embodiment three flow charts that 4 grades of cyclone preheater groups of Fig. 2-1 pattern one are provided with
Fig. 6-4 is electricity-generating method embodiment four flow charts that 4 grades of cyclone preheater groups of Fig. 2-2 pattern two are provided with
Fig. 6-5 is electricity-generating method embodiment five flow charts that 3 grades of cyclone preheater groups of Fig. 2-1 pattern one are provided with
Fig. 7-1 is the process chart of pure method for power generation by waste heat in the prior art
Fig. 7-2 is an afterburning stove electricity-generating method process chart in the prior art
The specific embodiment
Flow direction of material of the present invention is an example with Pyatyi preheating nsp kiln.As shown in Figure 1, cement slurry is added by outlet level cyclone preheater 7, after fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, third level cyclone preheater 5,4 preheatings of second level cyclone preheater, send into dore furnace 2 with carbonate decomposition in the material, send into then in the first order cyclone preheater 3, send into rotary kiln 1 by first order cyclone preheater 3 and the isolated material of cyclone separator group and be fired into clinker, the hot grog of cement of rotary kiln 1 kiln discharge is delivered to storage vault after chamotte cooler 10 cools.
Cement nsp kiln afterheat generating system, it comprises that nsp kiln production equipment, the raw material be made up of multistage cyclone preheater and dore furnace prepare equipment, AQC stove, SP stove, TRT and kiln tail gas treatment system; The multistage cyclone preheater at present generally usefulness be 4-5 level cyclone preheater; By one-level cyclone preheater in office be adjacent along between the next stage cyclone preheater of air-flow trend or add a triplet type hot gas isocon between dore furnace and the first order cyclone preheater, the hot gas isocon has an air inlet, two gas outlets, when air inlet is communicated with arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater gas outlet, first gas outlet is adjacent with arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater and be connected along the next stage cyclone preheater of airflow direction, and second gas outlet directly is communicated with SP stove air inlet; Also second gas outlet can be communicated with a cyclone separator group air inlet, the gas outlet of cyclone separator group is communicated with the SP stove.When air inlet is communicated with the gas outlet of dore furnace, first gas outlet is communicated with the air inlet of first order cyclone preheater, second gas outlet is communicated with the air inlet of another first order cyclone preheater, and another first order cyclone preheater gas outlet is connected with a cyclone separator group.
In cement nsp kiln afterheat generating system, important effect is played to the raising of its generated energy in the position that is provided with of hot gas isocon and cyclone separator group, with five-stage whirlwind preheating nsp kiln is example, hot gas isocon and cyclone separator group be provided with multiple scheme:
Scheme one: shown in Fig. 5-1, the hot gas isocon is installed between first order cyclone preheater and the second level cyclone preheater, cement whirlwind preheating nsp kiln production system is linked in sequence with outlet level cyclone preheater 7 by rotary kiln 1, dore furnace 2, first order cyclone preheater 3, second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, fourth stage cyclone preheater 6 and forms, and hot gas isocon 8 and cyclone separator group 9 are between first order cyclone preheater 3 and second level cyclone preheater 4; The air inlet of hot gas isocon 8 and first order cyclone preheater 3 gas outlets join, the gas outlet and the cyclone separator group 9 of hot gas isocon 8 are joined, another gas outlet and second level cyclone preheater 4 air inlets join, the hot gas that hot gas isocon 8 is sent into first order cyclone preheater 3 is divided into two parts, wherein a part is sent into second level cyclone preheater 4, and order is by second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, fourth stage cyclone preheater 6 and outlet level cyclone preheater 7 pre-thermal materials; Another part is sent into SP stove 16 after cyclone separator group 9 purifies.
Scheme two: shown in Fig. 5-2, the mounting means of cement whirlwind preheating nsp kiln production system is substantially with scheme one, hot gas isocon 8 is installed between second level cyclone preheater 4 and the third level cyclone preheater 5, the air inlet of hot gas isocon 8 and second level cyclone preheater 4 gas outlets join, the gas outlet and the cyclone separator group 9 of hot gas isocon 8 are joined, another gas outlet and third level cyclone preheater 5 inputs join, the hot gas that hot gas isocon 8 is sent into second level cyclone preheater 4 is divided into two parts, wherein a part is sent into third level cyclone preheater 4, order is by third level cyclone preheater 4, fourth stage cyclone preheater 5, level V cyclone preheater 6 and outlet level cyclone preheater 7 pre-thermal materials, another part is sent into SP stove 16 after cyclone separator group 9 purifies.
Scheme three: shown in Fig. 5-3, the mounting means of cement whirlwind preheating nsp kiln production system is substantially with scheme one, hot gas isocon 8 is installed between third level cyclone preheater 5 and the fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, the air inlet of hot gas isocon 8 and third level cyclone preheater 5 gas outlets join, the gas outlet and the cyclone separator group 9 of hot gas isocon 8 are joined, another gas outlet and fourth stage cyclone preheater 6 air inlets join, the hot gas that hot gas isocon 8 is sent into third level cyclone preheater 5 is divided into two parts, wherein a part is sent into fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, and order is by fourth stage cyclone preheater 6 and outlet level cyclone preheater 7 pre-thermal materials; Another part is sent into SP stove 16 after cyclone separator group 9 purifies.
Shown in scheme four: Fig. 5-4, the mounting means of cement whirlwind preheating nsp kiln production system is substantially with scheme one, hot gas isocon 8 is installed between dore furnace 2 and the first order cyclone preheater 3, the gas outlet of the air inlet of hot gas isocon 8 and dore furnace 2 joins, first gas outlet of hot gas isocon 8 and first order cyclone preheater 3 air inlets join, and second gas outlet is communicated with cyclone separator group 9 by another first order cyclone preheater 3 ' that is provided with; The hot gas that hot gas isocon 8 stoves of selfdecomposition in the future 2 are sent into is divided into two parts, a part of gas is sent into first order cyclone preheater 3, and order is by first order cyclone preheater 3, second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, fourth stage cyclone preheater 6 and outlet level cyclone preheater 7 pre-thermal materials; Another part is sent into another first order preheater 3 ', sends into SP stove 16 again after cyclone separator group 9 purifies.
The present invention is according to thermodynamic principles, utilization arbitrary position in cement nsp kiln production system adds a hot gas isocon and cyclone separator group, cement predecomposition preheater exit gas is shunted, its effect is to reduce the gas flow that enters pre-heating system, improve the solid-gas ratio in the preheater, it is inventory and the ratio of gas flow, reduce preheater outlet EGT and exhausted air quantity, reduce the heat energy that waste gas is taken away, and, be transferred in the higher gas of temperature, as the generating thermal source with the former heat energy that resides in the low gas of temperature that is lowered, to improve steam parameter, realize the raising of generated energy.
Working medium of the present invention flows to as shown in Figure 3: the boiler feed water from condenser 19 is squeezed into AQC stove 15 by boiler feed pump 26, water is delivered to SP stove 16 and is heated generation superheated steam steam supply turbine 17 works done generating again after heating, the steam of steam turbine 17 outlets is condensed into water with cooling water with it in condenser 19, and then squeeze into AQC stove 15 by boiler feed pump 26, form a Rankine cycle.
Heat energy principle of transfer of the present invention is as shown in Figure 4: realize that by the hot gas shunting the lower heat energy of temperature is converted into the purpose of the higher heat energy of temperature, analyze as an autonomous system with preheater, dore furnace, by analyzing as can be known, the heat energy He that is used to generate electricity is before being shunted by the preheater exit gas that lowers and the heat content difference Δ H after the shunting
G1With the heat content Δ H that replenishes
f(fuel enthalpy that replenishes) and Δ Ha (additional combustion air heat content) constitute former Δ H
G1Be the heat energy at the preheater Outlet Gas Temperature, He draws with the position higher than preheater Outlet Gas Temperature, illustrates by having improved Δ H after the hot gas shunting
G1Capacity for work, can produce steam in other words than high parameter, improve turbine efficiency, improve generated energy.
Total system of the present invention moves under negative pressure, simultaneously under the prerequisite that keeps former clinker production line output, between arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater in the preheating precalcining system or dore furnace and the adjacent upper level cyclone preheater, one hot gas isocon and connected cyclone separator group are set, hot gas separated into two parts with the preheater discharge, a part still enters pre-heating system with pre-thermal material, another part enters the SP stove after described cyclone separator group purifies, produce superheated steam steam supply turbine work done generating.
Whether utilize again according to the waste heat of preheater exit gas, determine preheater Outlet Gas Temperature itself and gas trend, form two kinds of Implementation Modes, be connected to example with the air inlet and the first order cyclone preheater of five-stage cyclone preheater nsp kiln hot gas isocon:
Pattern one, as Fig. 2-1, shown in Fig. 6-1, the cement predecomposition production system of utilizing Pyatyi cement preheater and dore furnace to form, the air inlet of the one triplet type hot gas isocon 8 that joins with cyclone separator group 9 is communicated with first order cyclone preheater 3, the one gas outlet is communicated with second level cyclone preheater 4, another gas outlet joins with SP stove 16 arrival ends by a cyclone separator group 9, the port of export of cyclone separator group 9 is provided with a flue control valve, by regulating the aperture of its valve, regulate the ratio of the hot gas shunting of hot gas isocon 8, to control through second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, the gas temperature of outlet level cyclone preheater 7 outlets; This gas jointly as the thermal source of raw material stoving, is sent into raw material mill 12 through kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20 after pipeline and the hot gas that goes out 16 outlets of SP stove converge; The superheated steam that produces through SP stove 16 directly enters steam turbine 17 for its work done generating.
Pattern two, as Fig. 2-2, shown in Fig. 6-2, the cement predecomposition production system of utilizing Pyatyi cement preheater and dore furnace to form, the air inlet of the one triplet type hot gas isocon 8 that joins with the cyclone separator group is communicated with first order cyclone preheater 3, the one gas outlet is communicated with second level cyclone preheater 4, another gas outlet joins with SP stove 16 arrival ends by a cyclone separator group 9, the port of export of cyclone separator group 9 is provided with a flue control valve, by regulating its valve opening, regulate the ratio of the hot gas shunting of hot gas isocon 8, with it through second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, the gas temperature of outlet level cyclone preheater 7 outlets is controlled at about 100 ℃; Outlet level cyclone preheater 7 ports of export are provided with an air-introduced machine 27, and it is modified that the gas that outlet level cyclone preheater 7 is discharged is directly sent into conditioning Tower through air-introduced machine 27, again after kiln tail dust-precipitator 14 purifies, are directly discharged by the kiln tail air-introduced machine 21 that gathers dust; By another part gas of hot gas isocon outlet, after purifying, the cyclone separator group enters SP stove 16, produce superheated steam steam supply turbine 17 works done generating, SP stove 16 exit gas are as the thermal source of unique raw material stoving.
Above-mentioned two kinds of gases move towards pattern, are equally applicable to three grades, level Four or six grades of whirlwind nsp kiln production systems, can reach the effect that improves the generating of cement nsp kiln waste gas, all utilize heat content in SP stove 16 exit gas as the thermal source of raw material stoving.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the method for utilizing above-mentioned electricity generation system generating being done one introduces in detail.
Embodiment one:
As Fig. 5-1, shown in Fig. 6-1, utilize the electricity generation system of five-stage cyclone preheater nsp kiln, it is by rotary kiln 1, dore furnace 2, first order cyclone preheater 3, second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, outlet level cyclone preheater 7, hot gas isocon 8, cyclone separator group 9, chamotte cooler 10, kiln hood dust-precipitator 11, raw material mill 12, conditioning Tower 13, kiln tail dust-precipitator 14, AQC stove 15, SP stove 16, steam turbine 17, generator 18, condenser 19, kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20, the kiln tail air-introduced machine 21 that gathers dust, the kiln hood air-introduced machine 22 that gathers dust, flue control valve 23, flue valve 24, air duct valve 25, boiler feed pump 26 is formed; Hot gas isocon 8 and cyclone separator group 9 are installed between first order cyclone preheater 3 and the second level cyclone preheater 4.Gas moves towards pattern and adopts above-mentioned pattern one.
Dotted line among Fig. 6-1 is the trend of water, and solid line is the gas trend among the figure, indicates with arrow.
Material trend of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, cement slurry is added by outlet level cyclone preheater 7, after fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, third level cyclone preheater 5,4 preheatings of second level cyclone preheater, send into dore furnace 9 with carbonate decomposition in the material, send into then in the first order cyclone preheater 3, send into revolution 1 by first order cyclone preheater 3 and cyclone separator group 9 isolated materials and be fired into clinker, the clinker of rotary kiln 1 kiln discharge is delivered to storage vault after chamotte cooler 10 cools off.
Total system of the present invention moves under negative pressure state, enter the cold air and high-temperature material heat exchange of chamotte cooler 10 after, grog cooling, the hot-air of generation is divided into three parts: first enters dore furnace 2 as combustion air (tertiary air); Second portion enters AQC stove 15 with the heating boiler water after kiln hood dust-precipitator 11 purifies, behind the air cooling-down with kiln hood air-introduced machine 22 discharging of gathering dust, when AQC stove 15 breaks down, through kiln hood dust-precipitator 11 cleaned air passes directly by kiln hood air-introduced machine 22 discharging of gathering dust, the latter is standby bypass, and both are switched by air duct valve 25; Third part enters rotary kiln 1 as combustion air (secondary wind), and the gas of rotary kiln 1 outlet is sent into dore furnace 2, and the gas of dore furnace 2 outlets enters first order cyclone preheater 3.
At first order cyclone preheater 3 ports of export triplet type hot gas isocon 8 is set, hot gas is shunted, first's gas enters second level cyclone preheater 4, order is by second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, fourth stage cyclone preheater 6, outlet level cyclone preheater 7 pre-thermal materials, and gas temperature progressively reduces thereupon; Second portion enters SP stove 16 after cyclone separator group 9 purifies, thermal source as SP stove 16 is used for generating, after converging, the gas of the gas that goes out SP stove 16 and outlet level cyclone preheater 7 enters kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20, respectively establish a flue control valve 23 at the cyclone separator group 9 and the connecting pipe of SP stove 16 with exporting on level cyclone preheater 7 outlet conduits, to regulate both gases shunting ratios.Kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20 exit gas enter 12 pairs of raw materials of raw material mill and dry, and are discharged by the kiln tail air-introduced machine 21 that gathers dust after kiln tail dust-precipitator 14 is purified then.When raw material mill 12 was shut down, the gas of kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20 outlets was discharged by the kiln tail air-introduced machine 21 that gathers dust after kiln tail dust-precipitator 14 is purified after conditioning Tower 13 is modified.On the connecting pipe between kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20 and the raw material mill 12 and on the connecting pipe between kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20 and the conditioning Tower 13, respectively be provided with flue valve 24, two-way gas is switched.When SP stove 16 breaks down, flue control valve 23 between outlet level cyclone preheater 7 and the kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20 is adjusted to full-gear and close cyclone separator group 9 and kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20 between flue valve 23, open simultaneously kiln hood dust-precipitator 11 and kiln hood gather dust between the air-introduced machine 22 air duct valve 25 and close kiln hood dust-precipitator 11 and AQC stove 15 between the air duct valve.At this moment electricity generation system is in stopped status.
In the flow process of above-mentioned electricity-generating method, its working medium flows to as shown in Figure 3, boiler feed water from condenser 19 is squeezed into AQC stove 15 by boiler feed pump 26, water is delivered to SP stove 16 and is heated generation superheated steam steam supply turbine 17 works done generating again after heating, the steam of steam turbine 17 outlets is condensed into water with cooling water with it in condenser 19, and then squeeze into AQC stove 15 by boiler feed pump 26, form a Rankine cycle.
Embodiment two:
As Fig. 5-1, shown in Fig. 6-2, utilize the electricity generation system of five-stage cyclone preheater nsp kiln, its equipment is installed with embodiment one basic identical, difference is between outlet level cyclone preheater 7 and conditioning Tower 13 and adds an air-introduced machine 27, the pattern of moving towards gas adopts aforesaid pattern two, outlet level cyclone preheater 7 exit gas are directly sent into conditioning Tower 13 through air-introduced machine 27 and are carried out modified after kiln tail dust-precipitator 14 is purified, directly discharge by the kiln tail air-introduced machine 21 that gathers dust again, between outlet level cyclone preheater 7 and kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20, establish a bypass pipeline, and a flue valve 24 is set, during normal power generation, this flue valve 24 is closed condition.When SP stove 16 breaks down, open this flue valve 24, close simultaneously between cyclone separator group 9 and the SP stove 16 and outlet level cyclone preheater 7 and air-introduced machine 27 between flue valve 24.And it opens gather dust air duct valve 25 between the air-introduced machine 22 of kiln hood dust-precipitator 11 and kiln hood simultaneously, closes the air duct valve 25 between AQC stove 15 and the kiln hood dust-precipitator 11, and at this moment electricity generation system is in stopped status.
Dotted line among Fig. 6-2 is the trend of water, and solid line is the gas trend, indicates with arrow.
The exit gas waste heat that this embodiment exports grade cyclone preheater 7 is not re-used as the raw material stoving thermal source, and the hot gas of being discharged by SP stove 16 is as unique thermal source of raw material stoving.
Material trend and working medium trend no longer repeat to introduce with embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
Adopt Category Four cyclone preheating nsp kiln production system, the setting of its electricity generation system and electricity-generating method adopt pattern one.
Shown in Fig. 6-3, whole system is by rotary kiln 1, dore furnace 2, first order cyclone preheater 3, second level cyclone preheater 4, third level cyclone preheater 5, outlet level cyclone preheater 7, hot gas isocon 8, cyclone separator group 9, chamotte cooler 10, kiln hood dust-precipitator 11, raw material mill 12, conditioning Tower 13, kiln tail dust-precipitator 14, AQC stove 15, SP stove 16, steam turbine 17, generator 18, condenser 19, kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20, kiln hood dust-precipitator 21, the kiln hood air-introduced machine 22 that gathers dust, flue control valve 23, flue valve 24, air duct valve 25, boiler feed pump 26 is formed; Hot gas isocon 8 and cyclone separator group 9 are installed between first order cyclone preheater 3 and the second level cyclone preheater 4.
The material trend is identical with embodiment one with the working medium trend.
The gas trend is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four:
Adopt Category Four cyclone preheating nsp kiln production system, the setting of its its electricity generation system and electricity-generating method adopt pattern
Shown in Fig. 6-4, whole production system and embodiment three are basic identical, and difference is between outlet level cyclone preheater 7 exits and conditioning Tower and has added an air-introduced machine 27 that is used to overcome the pre-heating system fluid resistance;
The material trend is identical with embodiment one with the working medium trend.
Its gas trend is identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment five:
Adopt three grades of whirlwind preheating nsp kiln production systems, the setting of its electricity generation system and generation mode adopt pattern one.
Shown in Fig. 6-5, whole system is by rotary kiln 1, dore furnace 2, first order cyclone preheater 3, second level cyclone preheater 4, outlet level cyclone preheater 7, hot gas isocon 8, cyclone separator group 9, chamotte cooler 10, kiln hood dust-precipitator 11, raw material mill 12, conditioning Tower 13, kiln tail dust-precipitator 14, AQC stove 15, SP stove 16, steam turbine 17, generator 18, condenser 19, kiln tail high temperature draught fan 20, kiln hood dust-precipitator 21, the kiln hood air-introduced machine 22 that gathers dust, flue control valve 23, flue valve 24, air duct valve 25, boiler feed pump 26 is formed, and hot gas isocon 8 and rotoclone collector group 9 are installed between first order cyclone preheater 3 and the second level cyclone preheater 4.
A gas outlet of hot gas isocon 8 is communicated with the air inlet of second level cyclone preheater 4, another gas outlet is connected with cyclone separator group 9, the setting of other parts is identical with embodiment one with the flow process after SP stove 16 exit gas converge with outlet level level cyclone preheater 7 exit gas, does not repeat them here.
The material trend is identical with embodiment one with the working medium trend.
Its gas trend is identical with embodiment one.
Unit grog generated energy after the various embodiments described above are implemented, unit grog cogeneration amount and unit generated energy comprehensive standard coal consumption index are shown in data in the table 1.
Table 1
| Preheater outlet EGT ℃ | The grog generated energy kwH/t of unit | The grog waste heat part generated energy kwH/t of unit | The generated energy comprehensive standard coal consumption g/kwH of unit | |
| Embodiment one | ????220 | ????39～42 | ????26～29 | ????180～196 |
| Embodiment two | ????100 | ????81～88 | ????35～38 | ????320～347 |
| Embodiment three | ????220 | ????60～65 | ????39～42 | ????196～213 |
| Embodiment four | ????110 | ????97～100 | ????43～46 | ????300～330 |
| Embodiment five | ????220 | ????85～92 | ????54～59 | ????202～219 |
Annotate: the basic condition that reaches above-mentioned effect is
1) do not add power generating equipment before, the operational factor of nsp kiln is as shown in table 2
Table 2
| Preheater progression | Unit heat consumption of clinker (kJ/kg) | Preheater outlet EGT (℃) |
| Five | ????725×4.186 | ????325 |
| Four | ????780×4.186 | ????375 |
| Three | ????850×4.186 | ????440 |
2) grate cooler
Lingering remnants of past customs amount 1.2m
3/ kg grog
215 ℃ of lingering remnants of past customs temperature
3) Steam Turbine
Boiler export steam pressure 3.82MPa; 450 ℃ of temperature
Steam turbine inlet steam pressure 3.43MPa; 435 ℃ of temperature
Steam turbine outlet steam pressure 0.0069MPa; 39 ℃ of temperature
4) the first moisture of raw material is 5%
Compare from above-mentioned effect and prior art, the generated energy of waste heat part can improve more than 20%.
The present invention can implement on existing cement nsp kiln production line, also can directly apply to new production line.
When on existing cement nsp kiln production line, implementing, need existing system is made appropriate reconstruction.
Owing to need provide additional heat energy to dore furnace 2, promptly fuel quantity increases in the dore furnace 2, for making fuel combustion enough spaces is arranged, and dore furnace 2 needs suitable dilatation, or presets measures such as combustion chamber or fluidized bed furnace before existing dore furnace 2.
Because after the hot gas shunting, gas flow reduces in the pre-heating system; For keeping gas flow rate certain in the gas pipeline between the cyclone preheaters at different levels, the effective internal diameter of pipeline needs corresponding dwindling.
Claims (9)
1. cement nsp kiln afterheat generating system, it comprises nsp kiln production equipment, raw material preparation, cooler waste heat boiler, preheater waste heat boiler, TRT and the kiln tail gas treatment system of being made up of multistage cyclone preheater and dore furnace; It is characterized in that: adding a triplet type hot gas isocon between the adjacent two stage cyclone preheater or between described dore furnace and the cyclone preheater that is adjacent, described triplet type hot gas isocon is provided with an air inlet, two gas outlets, it is respectively first gas outlet and second gas outlet; Described air inlet is communicated with described multistage cyclone preheater arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater gas outlet or described dore furnace gas outlet wherein, described first gas outlet is adjacent with described arbitrary grade of cyclone preheater and be communicated with along the next stage cyclone preheater of airflow direction or the first order cyclone preheater adjacent with described dore furnace, and second gas outlet is communicated with described preheater waste heat boiler.
2. electricity generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be equipped with a cyclone separator group between described second gas outlet and the described preheater waste heat boiler.
3. electricity generation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described cyclone separator group is one-level or two-stage, and its input is connected with described second gas outlet, and its output and described preheater waste heat boiler junction are provided with the flue control valve.
4. electricity generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be equipped with another first order cyclone preheater between described second gas outlet and the described preheater waste heat boiler.
5. electricity generation system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: be equipped with a cyclone separator group between described another first order cyclone preheater and the described preheater waste heat boiler.
6. electricity generation system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described cyclone separator group is one-level or two-stage, its input is connected with described another first order cyclone preheater gas outlet, and its output and described preheater waste heat boiler junction are provided with the flue control valve.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 or 6 described electricity generation systems, it is characterized in that: described cyclone preheater group is provided with three grades at least.
8. according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 or 6 described electricity generation systems, it is characterized in that: described cyclone preheater group is the 3-5 level.
9. the electricity-generating method of each described cement nsp kiln afterheat generating system of claim 1-8, total system moves under negative-pressure operation, it is characterized in that:
The step 1) utilization makes the hot gas of being discharged by one-level cyclone preheater in the adjacent two stage cyclone preheater or dore furnace split into two parts through described hot gas isocon between the adjacent two stage cyclone preheater of cement nsp kiln or the hot gas isocon of installing between dore furnace and the first order cyclone preheater;
Step 2) after the gas purification that utilizes the cyclone separator group that the hot gas isocon is shunted is handled, introduce the preheater waste heat boiler, heating generation superheated steam is sent into steam turbine generates electricity its work done.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100504160C (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2009-06-24 | 上海喆能电力工程技术有限公司 | Waste heat power generating system for dry cement production line |
| CN102703157A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-10-03 | 武汉建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司 | Multi-product cleaning and producing method with coal gangue comprehensive utilization |
| CN101571573B (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2012-10-24 | 安徽海螺川崎工程有限公司 | Method for testing power generating performance of waste heat of cement kiln |
| CN104769378A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-07-08 | Khd洪保德韦达克有限公司 | Method for using the waste heat from a plant for producing cement and plant for producing cement |
| CN105043115A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 中能世华(北京)节能科技有限公司 | Cement kiln waste heat power-generation device |
| CN105066717A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-11-18 | 中能世华(北京)节能科技有限公司 | Pure low-temperature afterheat power generation system of cement pit |
| CN110282889A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-27 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Cement is from desulfurization device and method |
| CN115159877A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-11 | 西安康桥能源技术有限责任公司 | Method for producing cement clinker by using electric power or natural gas as driving heat source |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1527044A (en) * | 1967-04-11 | 1968-05-31 | Fives Lille Cail | Installation for the thermal treatment of mineral materials, in particular for the manufacture of cement |
| ES437502A1 (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1977-01-16 | Fives Cail Babcock | Installations for the production of cement |
| FR2295925A1 (en) * | 1974-12-27 | 1976-07-23 | Fives Cail Babcock | IMPROVEMENTS TO THE FACILITIES FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF CEMENT BY THE DRY METHOD WITH A VIEW TO RECOVERING THE ENERGY LOST BY FUMES |
| FR2307773A2 (en) * | 1975-04-17 | 1976-11-12 | Fives Cail Babcock | Cement making plant - comprising rotary kiln with cyclones, connected in series, the final two having extra cyclone connected to their joining duct |
| US4474010A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1984-10-02 | Sumitomo Semento Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of recovering exhaust gas from boiler in electrical power generating device using combustible material as fuel and apparatus for performing such method |
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2004
- 2004-06-21 CN CNB2004100496041A patent/CN100362302C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100504160C (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2009-06-24 | 上海喆能电力工程技术有限公司 | Waste heat power generating system for dry cement production line |
| CN101571573B (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2012-10-24 | 安徽海螺川崎工程有限公司 | Method for testing power generating performance of waste heat of cement kiln |
| CN102703157A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-10-03 | 武汉建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司 | Multi-product cleaning and producing method with coal gangue comprehensive utilization |
| CN104769378A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-07-08 | Khd洪保德韦达克有限公司 | Method for using the waste heat from a plant for producing cement and plant for producing cement |
| CN104769378B (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2017-05-03 | Khd洪保德韦达克有限公司 | Method for using the waste heat from a plant for producing cement and plant for producing cement |
| CN105043115A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 中能世华(北京)节能科技有限公司 | Cement kiln waste heat power-generation device |
| CN105066717A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-11-18 | 中能世华(北京)节能科技有限公司 | Pure low-temperature afterheat power generation system of cement pit |
| CN110282889A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-27 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Cement is from desulfurization device and method |
| CN110282889B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-09-28 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Cement self-desulfurization device and method |
| CN115159877A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-11 | 西安康桥能源技术有限责任公司 | Method for producing cement clinker by using electric power or natural gas as driving heat source |
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