CN1685083A - Electrolysis process and apparatus - Google Patents
Electrolysis process and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1685083A CN1685083A CNA038227703A CN03822770A CN1685083A CN 1685083 A CN1685083 A CN 1685083A CN A038227703 A CNA038227703 A CN A038227703A CN 03822770 A CN03822770 A CN 03822770A CN 1685083 A CN1685083 A CN 1685083A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- equipment
- electrode
- described equipment
- negative electrode
- isolated body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/003—Coaxial constructions, e.g. a cartridge located coaxially within another
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an electrolysis apparatus for the production of hydrogen and oxygen, which apparatus includes at least two or more tubular electrodes, at least one of which is an inner electrode located in at least one outer electrode, and a separator interposed between the inner and outer electrodes and substantially coextensive therewith. One or more of the electrodes may, in use, be an anode. One or more of the electrodes may, in use, be a cathode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fluidic electrolysis.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of electrolysis process and carry out the used equipment of this technology.
Background technology
For the consideration to the loss problem of environment, pollution and limited fossil energy, reproducible clean energy receives the concern in the whole world.
Because the intermittence of these resources (sun, wind etc.), people need seek the method for some stored energys.
Utilizing in the process of primary energy, be confirmed to be a kind of feasible method of stored energy by the hydrogen of electrolysis generation.It also can be used as a kind of energy carrier, wherein can produce hydrogen in seedbed (nuclear, mineral or renewable energy source), and be converted into hydrogen by electrolysis, and hydrogen is transported to the place that needs energy subsequently.Hydrogen also can be used as the fuel material standed for of the automobile that uses high-efficiency fuel cell.
It is well-known relating to electrolytic basic science.Business equipment has moved decades, but because in the future for the outstanding heavy demand of hydrogen, there is following problems in prior art, as United Nations's report-renewable energy source-United Nations of people such as Johansen in the works the 929th page described:
● change the structure and the geometrical shape of electrolyzer, electrolyzer resistance being reduced to original 1/3rd to 1/10th, thereby reduce the loss of ohm voltage;
● develop new, cheap electrocatalysis material, this material can be reduced to the superpotential summation of anode and negative electrode about 0.3 volt or littler;
● develop new diaphragm material, this diaphragm material is better than traditional woven asbesto.
The applicant thinks to be needed a kind of improved electrolyzer and a kind ofly produces the method for gas by electrolysis, and this method has high current density and efficient, cheap and simple structure, and produces and do not need the high-purity gas of further purifying.
Summary of the invention
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of electrolyzer that is used to produce hydrogen and oxygen, this equipment comprises at least: two or more hollow edged electrodes, and one of them is an internal electrode at least, this internal electrode is positioned at least one outer electrode; And one between inside and outside electrode and with the coextensive substantially isolated body of inside and outside electrode.
In use, one or more electrodes may be anodes.
In use, one or more electrodes may be negative electrodes.
This spacer can make between spacer and the anode between anode and negative electrode, very close to each other substantially between spacer and the negative electrode.
By using, for example a kind of epoxy sealent is on a kind of supporting structure that the part of this spacer can be bonded to anode and/or negative electrode link to each other.
This electrode can be made with a kind of foraminous electro-conductive material.
This electrode can be galvanized.
This foraminous electro-conductive material can be a kind of sintered compact, and this sintered compact has the flow passage that extends between the portion and outside within it.
This foraminous electro-conductive material can be a kind of single layer mesh.
This foraminous electro-conductive material can be made by two-layer or multi-layer net.
This foraminous electro-conductive material can be a kind of 3D grid.
This foraminous electro-conductive material can comprise a kind of conductive polymer.This polymer can be by a kind of electro-conductive material, such as a kind of metal parcel.
This foraminous electro-conductive material can comprise silver, nickel, stainless steel or copper.
This anode and negative electrode can be concentric substantially.
The anode of a plurality of various diameters can be nested with negative electrode, thereby amasss for the electrolyzer volume ratio provides high electrolytic surface.
This negative electrode and/or anode can be made such as matrix by one or more first materials, but and are coated with the composition of a kind of second material or conducting material.
This anode can be made such as the stainless steel grid by a kind of conducting metal.
This anode can comprise two-layer or multilayer stainless steel grid.
This anode can be coated with nickel.
This negative electrode can be made such as the stainless steel grid by a kind of conducting metal.
This negative electrode can comprise two-layer or multilayer stainless steel grid.
This negative electrode can be coated with nickel.
Before or after stainless steel layer is put together, but this grid plated with nickel.
One or more sheaths and negative electrode are can one terminal closed, so just feasible in use, in the sheath of closure or negative electrode, form overpressure.
One or more conductors that link to each other with anode and/or negative electrode can be provided.
In one embodiment, a tubulose grid conductor is in the anodic outside, and another is in the inboard of negative electrode.
In another embodiment, the form of conductor is to be attached to a part of anode and/or negative electrode or the one or more conducting strips on a plurality of part.
This isolated body can comprise one or more layers filamentary material.
This isolated body can comprise one or more layers wettable material.
This isolated body can comprise one or more layers wettable fibrous material.
This isolated body can comprise the composition of one or more layers cellulose.
This fibrous composition can be a paper.
This paper can be filter paper.
This filter paper can be chemical resistant filter paper.
This filter paper can be in to quick filter paper.
In one embodiment, this equipment can comprise: the porose stainless (steel) wire refusing yang of a tubulose electrode; And the porose nickel plating stainless steel of a tubulose negative electrode, wherein this negative electrode and anode are concentric substantially, and this negative electrode is positioned at anode; And the separator means between anode and negative electrode, this separator means comprises one or more layers filamentary material.
In use, this equipment can comprise a kind of alkaline electrolyte.
In use, this equipment can comprise a kind of acid electrolyte.
This equipment can comprise the device that provides and conduct current to electrode.
This equipment can comprise the device of discharging gas.
This equipment can comprise the device of removing water vapor from generate gas.
A plurality of anodes can parallelly use with cathode assembly.
A plurality of anodes and cathode assembly can completely use.
This anode and cathode assembly and conductor can be set to following mode: a plurality of such devices are arranged in around the anodic tubular shape conductor, and all devices all are in the common electrolytic solution.Each negative electrode can link to each other with its conductor.
The present invention includes a kind of isolated body of electrolyzer, this isolated body is between the anode and negative electrode of this equipment, and described isolated body comprises one or more layers filamentary material.
This fibrous material can be wettable.
This wettable material can be the composition of cellulose.
The composition of this cellulose can be a paper.
This paper can be filter paper.
This filter paper can be the filter paper of chemicals-resistant.
This filter paper can be in to quick filter paper.
The present invention includes a kind of electrolysis process that in aforesaid device, carries out.
This technology can comprise: set up potential difference between anode and negative electrode; And anode contacted with electrolytic solution with negative electrode, by electrolysis, from electrolytic solution, discharge gas.
This technology can comprise: this equipment is contacted with electrolytic solution, and this electrolytic solution contains the electrolytic salt of 10%-50% (quality), preferably 20%-35% (quality).
This electrolytic solution can be potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or other basic solution.
This electrolytic solution can be tart.
This technology can be carried out under 40-100 ℃, preferably 60-90 ℃.
This electrode can be immersed in the electrolytic solution.
This electrolytic solution can be by the isolated body suction of equipment.
This electrolytic solution can splash into by isolated body, thereby when the round-robin fluid volume is minimized, keeps isolated body and be full of electrolytic solution.
Embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings and subordinate list, by non-circumscribed embodiment, present invention is described.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 (a) is the cross-sectional view of electrode pair 10.
The electrode 12,14 of electrode pair 10 is made by the stainless steel grid.
The copper pipe 22 of this nickel plating is as the electric conductor of upholder and negative electrode.It also is used to collect hydrogen.
The top of this pipe is coated with insulating material 13, thereby prevents to contact with electrolytic solution.
Columniform plastics stopper 18 sealing as upholder and inner cathode.
This negative electrode, anode and isolated body be at bottom and end sealing 16, thereby prevent the mixing of gas.
By with the nickel plating copper bar external anode being connected with the nickel-clad copper conductor that immerses electrolytic solution, the circuit that is implemented to external anode connects.
This internal electrode 12, promptly hydrogen cathodic is made up of two-layer refined net stainless steel.Copper pipe 22 forms and electrically contacts.This total length is 130mm, and wherein 100mm is dipped in the electrolytic solution.This internal electrode 12 is to be coated with the nickel that thickness is about 200 μ m on grid.Two-layer middling speed filter paper 20 is with this grid parcel, and the terminal epoxy material 16 of using seals.
Outer electrode 14, promptly the oxygen anode is made up of two-layer refined net stainless steel.These anode 14 not nickel plating.The bottom of electrode 14 seals with plastics stopper 18.This anode is connected with a kind of (not shown) that electrically contacts.
This electrode pair is dipped in the electrolytic solution.This electrolytic solution diffuses into internal pipeline by the isolated body of porous infiltration through liquid.The gas that is produced is prevented from by this isolated body.
Plastic conduit 22 provides support.
The structure of mist eliminator 40 is shown in Fig. 1 (b).
This mist eliminator 40 is 22mm by diameter, and long nickel plated copper pipe for 30cm is formed.The bottom half 42 of this pipe comprises that the diameter of this sticking plaster 46 is 10mm around the volume layer of the water conservancy diversion grid stainless steel 44 of sticking plaster 46.This roll is assemblied in the pipeline closely, and absorbs (trap) all potassium hydroxide spittle, concentrates most water vapor.The first half 48 fills up the brass crimping, is used to absorb remainder water steam, and with gas cooling to room temperature.By normal convection current and radiation cooling, with heat release to air.
By using following equipment above-mentioned electrode is tested.
Employed a kind of reactor comprises that a diameter is that 10cm, height are the transparent plastic container of 40cm.
(25%m/m) places this container with a kind of potassium hydroxide solution.By outside heat is provided, make this electrolytic solution in each experiment all keep constant temp.This electrode pair (as mentioned above) is dipped in the electrolytic solution.
With the gas that produced by the mist eliminator on the reactor head 40.These mist eliminators 40 at high temperature absorb the spittle and the water vapor of potassium hydroxide, and at room temperature discharge the refrigerative dry gas.
Finished a series of tests, Figure 2 shows that the curve of the data of surveying and fluid density (J-V).
The purity of the gas that 79 ℃ electrolytic solution produces is higher than 99.9%, does not need to purify further.
Claims (61)
1. electrolyzer that is used to produce hydrogen and oxygen, this equipment comprises at least:
Two or more hollow edged electrodes, one of them is an internal electrode, this internal electrode is at least one outer electrode; And
An isolated body, this isolated body are between inside and outside electrode, and be and basic with prolonging with inside and outside electrode.
2. electrolyzer according to claim 1, wherein, in use, these one or more electrodes are anode.
3. electrolyzer according to claim 1, wherein, in use, these one or more electrodes are negative electrode.
4. each the described electrolyzer in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein this isolated body between anode and negative electrode, thereby make between isolated body and the anode, very close to each other substantially between isolated body and the negative electrode.
5. each the described electrolyzer in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein the part of this isolated body links to each other with supporting structure, and this supporting structure links to each other with anode and/or negative electrode.
6. each the described equipment in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein this electrode is made with the foraminous electro-conductive material.
7. each the described equipment in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein this electrode is coated with a kind of electro-conductive material.
8. each the described equipment in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein this foraminous electro-conductive material is a sintered compact, this sintered compact has portion and the outside flow passage that extends within it.
9. according to claim 6 or 7 described equipment, wherein this foraminous electro-conductive material is a kind of single layer mesh.
10. according to claim 6 or 7 described equipment, wherein this foraminous electro-conductive material comprises two-layer or multi-layer net.
11. according to claim 6 or 7 described equipment, wherein this foraminous electro-conductive material is a kind of three-dimensional grid.
12. according to each the described equipment among the claim 6-11, wherein this foraminous electro-conductive material comprises a kind of polymkeric substance of conduction.
13. equipment according to claim 12, wherein the polymkeric substance of this conduction is covered with a kind of electro-conductive material.
14. according to each the described equipment among the claim 6-13, wherein this foraminous electro-conductive material comprises one or more in silver, nickel, stainless steel and the copper.
15. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein this anode and negative electrode are concentric substantially.
16. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, a plurality of anodes that wherein have various diameters are nested with negative electrode, thereby amass for the electrolyzer volume ratio provides high electrolytic surface.
17. according to each the described equipment among claim 2 and the 4-16, wherein this anode comprises one or more layers stainless steel grid.
18 according to each the described equipment among claim 2 and the 4-17, and wherein this anode is nickel plating.
19. according to each the described equipment among claim 3 and the 4-16, wherein this negative electrode is made by one or more layers stainless steel grid.
20. according to each the described equipment among claim 2, the 4-16 and 19, wherein this negative electrode is nickel plating.
21. according to claim 18 or 20 described equipment, wherein this grid with stainless steel layer as for nickel plating before or after together.
22. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein one or more sheaths and negative electrode are closed at an end, make in use, form overpressure in the hollow edged electrode of closure.
23. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein one or more conductors link to each other with electrode.
24. equipment according to claim 23, one of them tubulose grid conductor is in the outside of outer electrode, and another is in the inside of internal electrode.
25. equipment according to claim 23, wherein the form of conductor is one or more buss, and this bus is connected on the part or many parts of electrode.
26. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein this isolated body comprises one or more layers filamentary material.
27. equipment according to claim 26, wherein this isolated body comprises one or more layers wettable material.
28. equipment according to claim 27, wherein this isolated body comprises one or more layers wettable filamentary material.
29. according to each described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein this isolated body comprises one or more layers fibrous composition.
30. equipment according to claim 29, wherein this fibrous composition is a paper.
31. equipment according to claim 30, wherein this paper is filter paper.
32. each the described equipment according in the aforesaid right requirement comprises:
A tubulose stainless (steel) wire refusing yang electrode; And
A tubulose nickel plating stainless (steel) wire refusing yin electrode, wherein this negative electrode and anode are concentric substantially, and this negative electrode is positioned at anode.
33. equipment according to claim 32 comprises a separator means between anode and negative electrode, this device comprises one or more layers filamentary material.
34. equipment according to claim 33, wherein this filamentary material is wettable filamentary material.
35. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, this equipment in use comprises a kind of alkaline electrolyte.
36. according to each the described equipment among the claim 1-34, this equipment in use comprises a kind of acid electrolyte.
37. each the described equipment in requiring according to aforesaid right comprises to electrode device with conduction current is provided.
38. each the described equipment according in the aforesaid right requirement comprises the device of discharging gas.
39. each the described equipment according in the aforesaid right requirement comprises the device of removing the water vapor in the gas that produces.
40. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein a plurality of electrode devicies can parallelly use.
41. according to each the described equipment in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein a plurality of electrode devicies can completely use.
42. each the described equipment in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein a plurality of electrode devicies are arranged in the same electrolytic solution around the tubular shape conductor, this tubular shape conductor with link to each other as each electrode of anodic.
43. according to the described equipment of claim 42, wherein each negative electrode links to each other with its conductor.
44. an isolated body that is used for electrolyzer, this isolated body is between the anode and negative electrode of equipment, and described isolated body comprises one or more layers filamentary material.
45. according to the described isolated body of claim 44, wherein this filamentary material is wettable.
46. according to claim 44 or 45 described isolated bodys, wherein this wettable material is fibrous composition.
47. according to each the described isolated body among the claim 44-46, wherein this fibrous composition is a paper.
48. according to the described isolated body of claim 47, wherein this paper is filter paper.
49. according to the described isolated body of claim 48, wherein this filter paper is the filter paper of chemicals-resistant.
50. according to claim 48 or 49 described isolated bodys, wherein this filter paper arrives quick filter paper in being.
51. the electrolysis process that carries out in each described equipment in claim 4-43.
52., comprising according to the described technology of claim 51:
Between anode and negative electrode, set up potential difference; And
Anode is contacted with electrolytic solution with negative electrode, by electrolysis, by discharging gas in the electrolytic solution.
53., comprise this equipment is contacted with electrolytic solution that this electrolytic solution contains the electrolytic salt of 10%-50% (quality) according to claim 52 or 51 described technologies.
54., comprise this equipment is contacted with electrolytic solution that this electrolytic solution contains the electrolytic salt of 20%-35% (quality) according to claim 52 or 51 described technologies.
55. according to each the described technology among the claim 52-54, wherein this electrolytic solution is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or other basic solution.
56. according to each the described technology among the claim 52-54, wherein this electrolytic solution is tart.
57. according to each the described technology among the claim 51-56, this technology is carried out under 40 ℃-100 ℃ temperature.
58. according to each the described technology among the claim 51-56, this technology is carried out under 60 ℃-90 ℃ temperature.
59. according to each the described technology among the claim 52-58, wherein this electrode is immersed in the electrolytic solution.
60. according to each the described technology among the claim 52-58, wherein this electrolytic solution is by the isolated body suction of equipment.
61. according to each the described technology among the claim 52-58, wherein this electrolytic solution splashes into by isolated body, thereby when the round-robin fluid volume minimizes, keeps isolated body and be full of electrolytic solution.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0218587.4 | 2002-08-12 | ||
| GBGB0218587.4A GB0218587D0 (en) | 2002-08-12 | 2002-08-12 | Electrolysis process and apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1685083A true CN1685083A (en) | 2005-10-19 |
Family
ID=9942059
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA038227703A Pending CN1685083A (en) | 2002-08-12 | 2003-08-11 | Electrolysis process and apparatus |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060011489A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1537257A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005535783A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1685083A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003263114A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0218587D0 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2005105559A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004015172A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200501239B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101886270A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Be used for from the high pressure electrolysis cell of water hydrogen manufacturing |
| CN105274559A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-27 | 浙江科菲科技股份有限公司 | Double-pipe meshed anode |
| CN105274557A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 厦门理工学院 | Electrode and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8277984B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 | 2012-10-02 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Substrate-enhanced microbial fuel cells |
| US8962165B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 | 2015-02-24 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Materials and configurations for scalable microbial fuel cells |
| US7922878B2 (en) | 2004-07-14 | 2011-04-12 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Electrohydrogenic reactor for hydrogen gas production |
| US7491453B2 (en) | 2004-07-14 | 2009-02-17 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Bio-electrochemically assisted microbial reactor that generates hydrogen gas and methods of generating hydrogen gas |
| US8007654B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-08-30 | Tennant Company | Electrochemically activated anolyte and catholyte liquid |
| AU2007215306B2 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2013-01-10 | Tennant Company | Method and apparatus for generating sparged, electrochemically activated liquid |
| US8016996B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-09-13 | Tennant Company | Method of producing a sparged cleaning liquid onboard a mobile surface cleaner |
| US8025786B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-09-27 | Tennant Company | Method of generating sparged, electrochemically activated liquid |
| US8156608B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2012-04-17 | Tennant Company | Cleaning apparatus having a functional generator for producing electrochemically activated cleaning liquid |
| US8012340B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-09-06 | Tennant Company | Method for generating electrochemically activated cleaning liquid |
| US8025787B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-09-27 | Tennant Company | Method and apparatus for generating, applying and neutralizing an electrochemically activated liquid |
| US8046867B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-11-01 | Tennant Company | Mobile surface cleaner having a sparging device |
| EP2207631A2 (en) | 2007-10-04 | 2010-07-21 | Tennant Company | Method and apparatus for neutralizing electrochemically activated liquids |
| US8485140B2 (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2013-07-16 | Global Patent Investment Group, LLC | Fuel combustion method and system |
| CA2728757A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | Tennant Company | Electrolysis cell having electrodes with various-sized/shaped apertures |
| US8236147B2 (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2012-08-07 | Tennant Company | Tubular electrolysis cell and corresponding method |
| US20100000876A1 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Sandbox Energy Systems, LLC | Caviation assisted sonochemical hydrogen production system |
| JP2010090473A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-22 | Jiikosu:Kk | Apparatus for generating oxyhydrogen gas |
| BRPI0923775A2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2019-09-24 | Penn State Res Found | apparatus using combustible or electrolysis microbial cell and manufacturing method |
| WO2012116994A1 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-09-07 | Vito Nv | Novel separator, an electrochemical cell therewith and use thereof therein |
| WO2014031706A1 (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2014-02-27 | Hydro Healer, Llc | Electrolysis system and apparatus for collecting hydrogen gas |
| US9546426B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2017-01-17 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Methods for hydrogen gas production |
| US9264370B1 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-02-16 | Centripetal Networks, Inc. | Correlating packets in communications networks |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3260620A (en) * | 1962-10-22 | 1966-07-12 | Monsanto Res Corp | Tape fed fuel cell |
| US3954303A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-05-04 | Conair, Inc. | Vacuum loader system |
| US3984303A (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1976-10-05 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Membrane electrolytic cell with concentric electrodes |
| US3933614A (en) * | 1975-07-07 | 1976-01-20 | Trienco, Inc. | Pressure vessel for hydrogen generator |
| US4130473A (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1978-12-19 | Eddleman William L | Electrode structure for use in metal in exchange apparatus useful in purifying spent acids and the like |
| US4374014A (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1983-02-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High pressure electrolytic oxygen generator |
| IL67047A0 (en) * | 1981-10-28 | 1983-02-23 | Eltech Systems Corp | Narrow gap electrolytic cells |
| EP0151055B1 (en) * | 1984-01-09 | 1988-08-31 | Yves Heroguelle | Apparatus for the galvanic recovery of metals from diluted solutions |
| US4784735A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1988-11-15 | The Dow Chemical Company | Concentric tube membrane electrolytic cell with an internal recycle device |
| EP1327273A2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2003-07-16 | Proton Energy Systems | Apparatus and method for maintaining compression of the active area in an electrochemical cell |
-
2002
- 2002-08-12 GB GBGB0218587.4A patent/GB0218587D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-08-11 RU RU2005105559/15A patent/RU2005105559A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-08-11 CN CNA038227703A patent/CN1685083A/en active Pending
- 2003-08-11 EP EP03785306A patent/EP1537257A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-08-11 JP JP2004528155A patent/JP2005535783A/en active Pending
- 2003-08-11 WO PCT/ZA2003/000107 patent/WO2004015172A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-08-11 AU AU2003263114A patent/AU2003263114A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-02-11 ZA ZA200501239A patent/ZA200501239B/en unknown
- 2005-08-04 US US10/524,327 patent/US20060011489A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101886270A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Be used for from the high pressure electrolysis cell of water hydrogen manufacturing |
| US9534303B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2017-01-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | High pressure electrolysis cell for hydrogen production from water |
| CN105274557A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 厦门理工学院 | Electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274559A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-27 | 浙江科菲科技股份有限公司 | Double-pipe meshed anode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1537257A4 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
| AU2003263114A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| WO2004015172A3 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| JP2005535783A (en) | 2005-11-24 |
| ZA200501239B (en) | 2006-07-26 |
| US20060011489A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
| GB0218587D0 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
| WO2004015172A2 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| EP1537257A2 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
| RU2005105559A (en) | 2005-10-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1685083A (en) | Electrolysis process and apparatus | |
| KR101662051B1 (en) | Electrodes for use in bacterial fuel cells and bacterial electrolysis cells and bacterial fuel cells and bacterial electrolysis cells employing such electrodes | |
| CN1148822C (en) | Surface replica fuel cell with fiber reinforced membrane | |
| CN1076887C (en) | Improved electrochemical ceell provided with ion exchange membranes and bipolar metal plates | |
| CN1198968C (en) | Soda electrolytic cell provided with gas diffusion electrode | |
| JP5624860B2 (en) | ELECTROLYTIC CELL, ELECTROLYTIC DEVICE, AND HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION METHOD | |
| CN1853005A (en) | Electrochemical cells | |
| US20090152118A1 (en) | Electrolyzer and electrodes | |
| CN1450678A (en) | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell unit | |
| CN106876743B (en) | A kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure | |
| CN1875508A (en) | Fuel cell and method for manufacturing the same | |
| CN101030655A (en) | Micro-battery structure and its production | |
| CN1310367C (en) | Liquid fuel supplying type fuel cell | |
| CN105449221B (en) | The preparation method of collector | |
| CN1130409A (en) | Fluorine cell | |
| CN100351640C (en) | Loading device | |
| JP5457951B2 (en) | Electrolytic cell | |
| CN1860254A (en) | Corrosion-resistant aluminum conductive material and process for producing the same | |
| CN1400683A (en) | Technological process of making cylindrical fuel cell | |
| CN105098218A (en) | Cable-type diversion lithium-ion flow battery reactor | |
| CN1649690A (en) | Porous metal stack for fuel cells or electrolysers | |
| CN108123145B (en) | Flow field plate | |
| CN1290215C (en) | Method for controlling separate-out hydrogen when preparing proton exchange film fuel cell electrode by electro-deposition method | |
| RU2016115408A (en) | HIGHLY ACTIVE MULTI-LAYER THIN-FILM CERAMIC STRUCTURE OF THE ACTIVE PART OF ELEMENTS OF SOLID OXIDE DEVICES | |
| CN114277392B (en) | Electrolysis device with ion trap, electrolysis method and electroplating method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: DE Ref document number: 1083871 Country of ref document: HK |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: WD Ref document number: 1083871 Country of ref document: HK |
|
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |