CN1410397A - Biological organic and inorganic composite fertilizer and its production method - Google Patents
Biological organic and inorganic composite fertilizer and its production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A mixed fertilizer contains several kinds of microbes for playing their unique roles, inorganic components for providing nutrients, and organic components for growing root and improving soil.
Description
Technical field of the present invention
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and production method thereof, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and production method thereof that contains microorganism and organic and inorganic substance.
The background technology of invention
The importance of fertilizer in agriculture production is known, and the data of announcing according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO) shows that food crop per unit area yield 55-57% can improve by using chemical fertilizer in developing country, increases ultimate production 30-31%.China used chemical fertilizer many years, similarly, all obtained very big progress at grain per unit area yield and gross output.But over nearly 10 years, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer has increased more than 90%, and total output of grain just increases by 9.1%, this shows that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio obviously descends, and moreover, chemical fertilizer has brought many serious problems for soil, environment etc.In order to address these problems, people have noticed when using chemical fertilizer, notice balance fertilizing, the rational application of fertilizer, application of organic fertilizers material.
The history in existing several thousand of China's application of organic fertilizers material.Usually, the processing of resources such as the refuse of industrial and agricultural production, tankage, rubbish can have several modes, adopts composting or macerates system method production organic fertilizer, needs to use a large amount of labor forces, and the stack retting time is long, and nutrient loss is big, also the possibility contaminate environment; The direct returning to farmland mode not only can be propagated pathogenic bacteria etc., can produce some bad influences to fruit, soil etc.Adopt chemical treatment method to produce organic fertilizer, for example CN1067645A discloses the method for utilizing the catalystic, fermentative deodorizing agent to implement the harmless processing of urban night soil.Add catalyzer in the ight soil and remove stink, add solidifying agent then and be cured, adopt the general fertilizers production technique can produce solid-state organic composite fertilizer.But this application does not disclose technical characterictics such as catalyzer, additive; Adopt the method production of biotechnology to be used for agriculture microbial inoculum, for example, CN1059331A discloses eight kinds of bacterium such as employing bacillus, lactobacillus, suis, streptomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, yeast through cultivating, mix with suitable proportion, adding special formulation more just becomes liquid or solid shape microbial preparation again.But this application does not disclose these microbial strainss and their cultural method particularly.CN1167746A discloses the method for utilizing municipal wastes to produce mixed organic manure, employing two-stage aerobic fermentation utilizes microorganism the organism in livestock and poultry fecaluria, the rubbish etc., robust fibre, protein etc. to be resolved into the material that can utilize for crop or soil microorganisms.But, microbial strains and zymotechnique that the not open fermentation of this application is used.Although these methods are noticed the importance of organic fertilizer, do not consider the importance of balance fertilizing in whole agriculture production, therefore still there are some defectives.
Content of the present invention
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, this fertilizer not only can satisfy the needed various nutritive elements of the good growth of crop, reach the purpose of balance fertilizing, but also provide good environment for plant growth, reach and improve the soil, reduce the purpose of contaminate environment.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of production method of biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
The present invention relates to a kind of biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.The basic characteristics of this fertilizer are in its structure, basic theories according to Plant Nutrition, prepared to crop necessary inorganic nutritive element is provided, and reasonable ratio, thereby satisfy the needs of plant growth to greatest extent, improve the quality of plant growth and fruit, utilize natural resources fullest; Organic constituent in this fertilizer is mainly the crop root growth, for crop rhizosphere microorganism biological activity has been created good environment, and for improving physics, the chemical property of soil, reduces environmental pollution and has created good condition; Microorganism component in this fertilizer is a microbiobacterial agent, the combined action of performance microbial population uniqueness, and therefore fertilizer of the present invention gets up these all multifactor organically perfect adaptations, thereby obtains a kind of unexpected effect.
Used bacillus megaterium in the fertilizer of the present invention with phosphate solubilization, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, colloid bacillus cereus with potassium decomposing, Bacillus circulans, these microorganisms produce multiple organic acid in its vital movement process, lactic acid for example, hydroxybutyric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and some enzymes, as phytase etc., the difficultly-soluble phosphates that these acid and enzyme solubilized or decomposition exist in soil, at nucleic acid, nucleoprotein, Yelkin TTS, plant element, the phosphorus that exists in the materials such as adenosine triphosphate, and potassium felspar sand, micas etc. contain the potassium that exists in the potassium silicate mineral, these phosphorus or potassium are discharged in the soil by plant absorbing, like this development and utilization compose in the soil and depositing very abundant invalid phosphorus and potassium, can also reduce and use inorganic phosphorus or potash fertilizer.In addition, these acid can also decomposition plant residues, produce humic acid etc., and their huge legendary turtles are closed calcium in the difficultly-soluble phosphates mineral, iron, aluminium etc., discharge phosphoric acid salt and by plant absorbing.In addition, be that the thiobacillus thiooxidans of main metabolic pathway can discharge H for example with the sulphur source
2S, it and ferrous phosphate reaction can obtain soluble phosphate.
The microorganism of using in the fertilizer of the present invention also has the effect that produces the various active material.The colloid bacillus cereus, the Bacillus circulans that for example have potassium decomposing, in its vital movement process, can produce the various active material, for example Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, phytokinin etc., these materials can stimulate plant growth, form dominant population at rhizosphere, can suppress the existence of pathogenic bacteria, strengthen the resistance of crop, it is safe and reliable to use the synthetic plant-growth regulator than people, and remains and the degraded product thereof of these microorganisms also are the nutritive substances of crop simultaneously.
Because environment is subjected to the discharge pollution that mankind's activity produces day by day, the high toxic material that contains arsenic, mercury, cadmium etc. in the soil accumulates gradually, and concentration constantly increases, and causes very big hidden danger to human health.Therefore, in order to reduce the pollutent in the soil, fertilizer of the present invention has used microorganisms such as Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, and they can change into the hypertoxicity material low toxicity or nontoxicity material, for example the arsenite of hypertoxicity can be oxidized to arsenate etc., this is one of most important character of the present invention.
In addition, often use various agricultural chemicals in order to prevent and treat diseases and pests of agronomic crop, these agricultural chemicals have been brought into play huge effect to guaranteeing plant growth, but, remain in pesticide volume in the soil up to more than 60%, these remainss of pesticide cause the severe contamination to environment, especially to the pollution of soil.For this reason, fertilizer of the present invention has used Alcaligenes, Arthrobacter, crooked pseudomonas, cured shape genus bacillus etc., residual Multiple Pesticides in their degradable soil.
Embodiments of the present invention are described now.
The present invention relates to a kind of biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser, this fertilizer is characterised in that it is made up of microbial inoculum, organic constituent and mineral manure;
Described microbial inoculum is to contain bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megatherium); Cured shape genus bacillus (Bacillus cereus), AS1.126,1.173,1.229,1.230, bacillus pumilus (BacillusAS1.594,1.1894,1.937,1.940; Thiobacillus thiooxidans (Thiobacillus thioxidans), AS1.1479; Crooked pseudomonas (Pseudomonas geniculata), AS1.866; Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomons fluorescens), ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867; Arthrobacter (Arthrobacter sp.), AS1.8; Alcaligenes (Alcaligenes faecalis), As1.448,1.768; Colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus), ACCC10012,10013,10014; Bacillus circulans (Bacillus circulans), AS1.383,1.553,1.554 composite fungus agent,
Described organic constituent is one or more materials that are selected from cereal crop straw, agricultural byproducts waste matter, cavings, urban and rural domestic refuse, feces of livestock and poultry,
Described mineral manure is one or more fertilizer that are selected from nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and/or middle micronutrient fertiliser;
By weight, the ratio of described microbial inoculum, organic constituent and mineral manure is 0.1-10,15-25,84.9-65.
Specific embodiments according to a kind of fertilizer of the present invention, in described fertilizer, the content of bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, colloid bacillus cereus and Bacillus circulans bacterial strain respectively is living bacteria count 〉=1.2 * 10
8Individual/gram.
Preferably, in fertilizer of the present invention, the content of bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, colloid bacillus cereus and Bacillus circulans bacterial strain respectively is living bacteria count 〉=1.5 * 10
8Individual/gram.
Specific embodiments according to a kind of fertilizer of the present invention, in the microbial inoculum of fertilizer of the present invention, described microbial inoculum is made up of the 1-30 of bacillus megaterium agent by weight, cured shape genus bacillus agent 1-20, bacillus pumilus agent 1-20, thiobacillus thiooxidans agent 1-8, crooked pseudomonas agent 1-10, pseudomonas fluorescens agent 1-12, pole microbial inoculum 1-8, Alcaligenes agent 1-8, colloid bacillus cereus agent 1-30 and Bacillus circulans agent 1-20.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertilizer of the present invention, described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more nitrogenous fertilizer that are selected from ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, urea and any other nitrogenous fertilizer.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertilizer of the present invention, described phosphate fertilizer is that one or more are selected from monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, potassium primary phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer and any other contain the phosphate fertilizer of phosphatic manure.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertilizer of the present invention, described potash fertilizer is that one or more are selected from Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, potassium silicate, potassium primary phosphate, potassium metaphosphate and any other and contain the potash fertilizer of potassic fertilizer.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertilizer of the present invention, described middle micronutrient fertiliser is one or more middle micronutrient fertilisers that are selected from calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine or boron fertilizer.
Preferably, described calcareous fertilisers are one or more calcareous fertilisers that are selected from fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, unslaked lime, white lime, ground phosphate rock and any other calcic fertilizer; Described fertiliser containing magnesium is that one or more are selected from sal epsom, magnesium chloride, magnesiumcarbonate, secondary magnesium phosphate and any other and contain the fertiliser containing magnesium of magnesium fertilizer; Described sulfur fertilizer is one or more sulfur fertilizers that are selected from SULPHUR POWDER, ammonium sulfate and any other sulfur-containing fertilizer; Described iron fertilizer is one or more iron fertilizers that are selected from ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium phosphate and any other iron content fertilizer; Described copper fertilizer is one or more copper fertilizer that are selected from copper sulfate, cupric chloride and any other cupric fertilizer; Described zinc fertilizer is that one or more are selected from zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and any other and contain the zinc fertilizer of zinc fertilizer material; Described manganese fertilizer is that one or more are selected from manganous sulfate, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate and any other and contain the manganese fertilizer of manganese fertilizer material; Described molydbenum fertilizer is that one or more are selected from ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate and any other and contain the molydbenum fertilizer of molydbenum fertilizer material; Described chlorine fertilizer is one or more chlorine fertilizer that are selected from Repone K and any other chloride fertilizer; Various villaumites; Described boron fertilizer is that one or more are selected from boric acid, borax and any other and contain the boron fertilizer of boron fertilizer.
Specific embodiments according to a kind of fertilizer of the present invention, described carrier is an organic carrier, and described organic carrier is that one or more straws that are selected from corn, wheat, paddy rice, jowar, soybean, sesame, cotton, peanut, the peat composed of rotten mosses, domestic waste, manioc waste, filter mud of sugar refinery, bagasse, wine or vinegar are poor, the carrier of cavings, rice chaff, peanut hull meal, soya-bean oil cake, peanut oil cake, sesame oil cake, feces of livestock and poultry or above-mentioned refuse puff.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertilizer of the present invention, it is 15-40% that described fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total amount by weight, wherein nitrogen 4-25%, phosphorus 4-12%, potassium 4-20%; This fertilizer contains calcium 0-8%, magnesium 0-3%, sulphur 0-5%, iron 0-0.4%, copper 0-0.05%, zinc 0-0.4%, manganese 0-0.7%, molybdenum 0-0.07%, boron 0-0.25% and chlorine 0-0.13%.
The invention still further relates to a kind of production method of biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser, this method comprises the steps:
At first, according to slant culture, secondary seed enlarged culturing, three grades of cultivations of seeding tank and solids manufacture cultivation order, preparation bacillus megaterium ACC 10008,10009,10010,10011, AS1.127; Cured shape genus bacillus AS1.126,1.173,1.229,1.230, bacillus pumilus AS1.594,1.1894,1.937,1.940; Thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479; Crooked pseudomonas AS1.866; Pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867; Arthrobacter AS1.8; Alcaligenes As1.448,1.768 solid cultures; Mix with sorbent material after pulverizing sterilization again, make described microbial inoculum (1);
Secondly, according to slant culture, secondary seed enlarged culturing, three grades of cultivations of seeding tank and solids manufacture cultivation order, preparation colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10012,10013,10014, Bacillus circulans AS1.383,1.553,1.554 solid cultures; Mix with sorbent material after pulverizing sterilization again, make described microbial inoculum (2);
Then, described microbial inoculum (1) carries out thorough mixing with described microbial inoculum (2), obtains described composite fungus agent, and this microbial inoculum mixes the organic materials that contains microbial inoculum that obtains being referred to as with organic constituent;
In addition, get nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and one or more fertilizer that is selected from calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine or the boron fertilizer carries out thorough mixing, obtain described mineral manure;
Before the use, described organic materials and the described mineral manure thorough mixing that contains microbial inoculum obtains biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser of the present invention; Perhaps
Adopt fertilizer envelope agent to be coated with described mineral manure, obtain a kind of coated fertilizer, this fertilizer obtains biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser of the present invention with described organic materials thorough mixing again.
Specific embodiments according to a kind of fertiliser production method of the present invention, in described fertilizer, the content of bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, colloid bacillus cereus and Bacillus circulans bacterial strain respectively is living bacteria count 〉=1.2 * 10
8Individual/gram.
Preferably, in fertilizer of the present invention, the content of bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, colloid bacillus cereus and Bacillus circulans bacterial strain respectively is living bacteria count 〉=1.5 * 10
8Individual/gram.
Specific embodiments according to a kind of fertiliser production method of the present invention, in the microbial inoculum of fertilizer of the present invention, described microbial inoculum is made up of the 1-30 of bacillus megaterium agent by weight, cured shape genus bacillus agent 1-20, bacillus pumilus agent 1-20, thiobacillus thiooxidans agent 1-8, crooked pseudomonas agent 1-10, pseudomonas fluorescens agent 1-12, pole microbial inoculum 1-8, Alcaligenes agent 1-8, colloid bacillus cereus agent 1-30 and Bacillus circulans agent 1-20.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertiliser production method of the present invention, described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more nitrogenous fertilizer that are selected from ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, urea and any other nitrogenous fertilizer.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertiliser production of the present invention, described phosphate fertilizer is that one or more are selected from monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, potassium primary phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer and any other contain the phosphate fertilizer of phosphatic manure.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertiliser production method of the present invention, described potash fertilizer is that one or more are selected from Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, potassium silicate, potassium primary phosphate, potassium metaphosphate and any other and contain the potash fertilizer of potassic fertilizer.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertiliser production method of the present invention, described middle micronutrient fertiliser is one or more middle micronutrient fertilisers that are selected from calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine or boron fertilizer.
Preferably, described calcareous fertilisers are one or more calcareous fertilisers that are selected from fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, unslaked lime, white lime, ground phosphate rock and any other calcic fertilizer; Described fertiliser containing magnesium is that one or more are selected from sal epsom, magnesium chloride, magnesiumcarbonate, secondary magnesium phosphate and any other and contain the fertiliser containing magnesium of magnesium fertilizer; Described sulfur fertilizer is one or more sulfur fertilizers that are selected from SULPHUR POWDER, ammonium sulfate and any other sulfur-containing fertilizer; Described iron fertilizer is one or more iron fertilizers that are selected from ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium phosphate and any other iron content fertilizer; Described copper fertilizer is one or more copper fertilizer that are selected from copper sulfate, cupric chloride and any other cupric fertilizer; Described zinc fertilizer is that one or more are selected from zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and any other and contain the zinc fertilizer of zinc fertilizer material; Described manganese fertilizer is that one or more are selected from manganous sulfate, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate and any other and contain the manganese fertilizer of manganese fertilizer material; Described molydbenum fertilizer is that one or more are selected from ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate and any other and contain the molydbenum fertilizer of molydbenum fertilizer material; Described chlorine fertilizer is one or more chlorine fertilizer that are selected from Repone K and any other chloride fertilizer; Various villaumites; Described boron fertilizer is that one or more are selected from boric acid, borax and any other and contain the boron fertilizer of boron fertilizer.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertiliser production method of the present invention, described organic constituent is that one or more straws that are selected from corn, wheat, paddy rice, jowar, soybean, sesame, cotton, peanut, the peat composed of rotten mosses, domestic waste, manioc waste, filter mud of sugar refinery, bagasse, wine or vinegar are poor, the organic constituent of cavings, rice chaff, peanut hull meal, soya-bean oil cake, peanut oil cake, sesame oil cake, feces of livestock and poultry or above-mentioned refuse puff.
According to a kind of specific embodiments of fertiliser production method of the present invention, it is 15-40% that this fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total amount by weight, wherein nitrogen 4-25%, phosphorus 4-12%, potassium 4-20%; This fertilizer contains calcium 0-8%, magnesium 0-3%, sulphur 0-5%, iron 0-0.4%, copper 0-0.05%, zinc 0-0.4%, manganese 0-0.7%, molybdenum 0-0.07%, boron 0-0.25% and chlorine 0-0.13%.
Below the present invention will be described particularly.
Crooked pseudomonas AS1.866; Pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867; Arthrobacter AS1.8; Alcaligenes As1.448,1.768 cultivation:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 5 parts of peptones, 3 parts of meat extracts, 5 parts of sodium-chlor and 15 parts of agar be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare substratum, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 to 1/3 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate following wherein a kind of bacterial classification after cooling: crooked pseudomonas AS1.866, pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867, Arthrobacter AS1.8, Alcaligenes As1.448,1.768, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: count rate of growth for accelerating bacterium, adopt the fluid enlargement culture method herein, culture medium prescription is with the strain inclined plane prescription, just do not add agar,, adorn 150 milliliters of substratum with 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, filled in tampon, wrap four layers of gauze, wrap kraft paper again, 121.5 ℃ of sterilizations 30 minutes, the inoculation of cooling back, inoculum size one ring, 28 ℃ of rotary shaking tables (230 rev/mins) shaking culture 2-3 days, extremely every milliliter of bacterium liquid contains bacterium several 50 * 10
8To 100 * 10
8Till individual.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: at first prepare substratum, in water, add 1.5 portions of potatos, 2 parts of agar, 1 portion of sucrose, 1 part of glucose by weight, the water yield is 40% of these substance weights, obtains substratum after fully mixing, and the pH of this substratum is 7.0-7.5.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned wherein a kind of slant culture of cooling back inoculation 2-3 volume % is again in tank pressure 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.Also can adopt 1 part of sodium-chlor, 1 part of Repone K, 0.1 part of manganous sulfate heptahydrate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 0.5 part of ironic citrate, 1 part of lime carbonate, 2 parts of potato powders and 2 parts of agar by weight, the water yield of use is 40% of an above-mentioned substance weight.
The solids manufacture cultural method: by weight, 7.5 portions of dishes circle soil or peat soil, 0.5 part of wheat bran, 1 part of cotton seed cake, 0.5 cavings, 0.5 part of wood chip add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, connect the above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium of 6-7% liquid measure after the sterilization, cultivated 3-7 days down at temperature 30-37 ℃.Descended dry 4-6 hour at temperature 30-40 ℃ at last, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned wherein a kind of bacterial strain, solid culture adds sorbent material and adsorbs, obtain above-mentioned wherein a kind of microbial inoculum, sorbent material adds water 20% with a thin ashes with a fine earth and obtains through mixing, this sorbent material before absorption under normal pressure steam sterilizing 3 hours, or at 1.5kg/cm
2Below the sterilization in pressurize 2-3 hour under pressure, the 126 ℃ of conditions, material temperature drop to 30 ℃, the bacterium number mixes with solid culture on demand, obtains desired microbial inoculum.
Bacillus megaterium ACC 10008,10009,10010,10011, AS1.127; Cured shape genus bacillus AS1.126,1.173,1.229,1.230, bacillus pumilus AS1.594,1.1894,1.937,1.940; Bacillus circulans AS1.383,1.553,1.554 cultivation:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 5 parts of peptones, 3 parts of meat extracts, 5 parts of sodium-chlor, 15 parts of agar and 0.5 part of manganous sulfate heptahydrate be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare substratum, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 to 1/3 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate following wherein a kind of bacterial classification after cooling: crooked pseudomonas AS1.866, pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867, Arthrobacter AS1.8, Alcaligenes As1.448,1.768, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: count rate of growth for accelerating bacterium, adopt the fluid enlargement culture method herein, culture medium prescription is with the strain inclined plane prescription, just do not add agar,, adorn 150 milliliters of substratum with 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, filled in tampon, wrap four layers of gauze, wrap kraft paper again, 121.5 ℃ of sterilizations 30 minutes, the inoculation of cooling back, inoculum size one ring, 28 ℃ of rotary shaking tables (230 rev/mins) shaking culture 2-3 days, extremely every milliliter of bacterium liquid contains bacterium several 50 * 10
8To 100 * 10
8Till individual.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: at first prepare substratum, in water, add 1.5 portions of potatos, 2 parts of agar, 1 portion of sucrose, 1 part of glucose by weight, the water yield is 40% of these substance weights, obtains substratum after fully mixing, and the pH of this substratum is 7.0-7.5.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned wherein a kind of slant culture of cooling back inoculation 2-3 volume % is again in 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.
Solid culture method: by weight, 7.5 portions of dishes circle soil or peat soil, 0.5 part of wheat bran, 1 part of cotton seed cake, 0.5 cavings, 0.5 part of wood chip add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, connect the above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium of 6-7% liquid measure after the sterilization, cultivated 3-7 days down at temperature 30-37 ℃.Descended dry 4-6 hour at temperature 30-40 ℃ at last, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned wherein a kind of bacterial strain, solid culture adds sorbent material and adsorbs, obtain above-mentioned wherein a kind of microbial inoculum, sorbent material adds water 20% with a thin ashes with a fine earth and obtains through mixing, this sorbent material before absorption under normal pressure steam sterilizing 3 hours, or at 1.5kg/cm
2Below the sterilization in pressurize 2-3 hour under pressure, the 126 ℃ of conditions, material temperature drop to 30 ℃, the bacterium number mixes with solid culture on demand, obtains desired microbial inoculum.
Colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10012,10013,10014 cultivation:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 10 portions of sucrose, 1 part of lime carbonate, 0.5 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of yeast extract paste, 0.2 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 15-20 part agar and 0.2 part of magnesium chloride be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare the substratum of pH 7.0-7.2, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 to 1/3 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10012,10013,10014 after cooling, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: identical with the secondary seed enlarged culturing method of above-mentioned crooked pseudomonas, Bacillus megatherium etc.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: at first prepare substratum, in water, add 2 portions of sucrose, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 0.5 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 1 part of agar by weight, the water yield is 40% of these substance weights, obtain substratum after fully mixing, the pH of this substratum is 6.5-7.5.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned wherein a kind of slant culture of cooling back inoculation 2-3 volume % is again in 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.
Solid culture method: by weight, 7.5 portions of dishes circle soil or peat soil, 0.5 part of wheat bran, 1 part of cotton seed cake, 0.5 part of cavings, 0.5 part of wood chip add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, connect the above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium of 6-7% liquid measure after the sterilization, cultivated 3-7 days down at temperature 30-37 ℃.Descended dry 4-6 hour at temperature 30-40 ℃ at last, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned bacterial strains, the adsorption conditions of solid culture is identical with above-mentioned crooked pseudomonas, Bacillus megatherium.
The cultivation of thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 0.3 part of ammonium sulfate, 3-4 part dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 0.001 part of ferrous sulfate be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare the substratum of pH.3.5-4, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 to 1/3 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479 after cooling, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: count rate of growth for accelerating bacterium, adopt the fluid enlargement culture method herein, culture medium prescription is with the strain inclined plane prescription, with 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, adorn 150 milliliters of substratum, filled in tampon, wrap four layers of gauze, wrap kraft paper again, 121.5 ℃ of sterilizations 30 minutes, the inoculation of cooling back, inoculum size one ring, 28 ℃ of rotary shaking tables (230 rev/mins) shaking culture 2-3 days, extremely every milliliter of bacterium liquid contains bacterium several 50 * 10
8To 100 * 10
8Till individual.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: at first prepare substratum, in water, add 1 part of SULPHUR POWDER, 0.105 part of ammonium sulfate, 1.5 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, 0.175 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 0.035 part of ferrous sulfate by weight, the water yield is 40% of these substance weights, obtain substratum after fully mixing, the pH of this substratum is 3.5-4.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in tank pressure 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned slant culture of cooling back inoculation 3 volume % is again in tank pressure 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.
Solids manufacture cultural method: by weight, 8 portions of dishes circle soil or peat soil, 0.5 part of potassium primary phosphate, 0,04 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of SULPHUR POWDER, 0.1 part of anhydrous chlorides of rase sodium, 0.3 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, connect 6% above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium liquid measure after the sterilization, cultivated 3-7 days down at temperature 30-37 ℃.Descended dry 4-6 hour at temperature 30-40 ℃ at last, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned bacterial strains, the adsorption conditions of solid culture is identical with above-mentioned crooked pseudomonas, Bacillus megatherium etc.
Above-mentioned bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes mix according to weight ratio 15-20,10-15,10-15,5-8,6-10,5-8,8-14,8-14, obtain being referred to as the composite solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacteria, promptly described microbial inoculum (1).This microbial inoculum is loose, and moistening is Powdered, no mould, and no musty, water-content 25-50%, living bacteria count 〉=1.2 * 10
8Individual/gram, assorted bacterium rate＜10%, pH value 6.0-7.5, validity period＞6 month.Colloid bacillus cereus mixes according to weight ratio 12-17,5-8 with the solid culture of Bacillus circulans, obtains being referred to as the composite solid microbial inoculum of silicate bacteria, promptly described microbial inoculum (2).This microbial inoculum outward appearance chocolate or brown powder shape, moistening, loose, water-content 25-50%, living bacteria count 〉=1.2 * 10
8Individual/gram, assorted bacterium rate＜15%, pH value 6.5-8.5, validity period＞6 month.
Then, use previously described various carrier to pulverize, sieve, sterilize and then mix with the composite solid microbial inoculum.The mixture that obtains is referred to as to contain the organic materials of microbial inoculum.
Then, get nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and one or more fertilizer that is selected from calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine or the boron fertilizer carries out thorough mixing, obtain described mineral manure mixture.
Before the use,, get above-mentioned organic materials and the described mineral manure mixture thorough mixing that contains microbial inoculum and obtain biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser of the present invention according to effective bacterium number in the requirement composite fertilizer;
The film-coating technique that perhaps adopts those skilled in the art to know, be coated on the above-mentioned mineral manure compound particles with fertilizer envelope agent, obtain a kind of coated fertilizer, this fertilizer again with the described organic materials thorough mixing that contains microbial inoculum, obtain biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser of the present invention.The organic materials that contains microbial inoculum also is that the granulation technique that adopts those skilled in the art to know carries out independent low temperature granulation.
Biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of the present invention has following positively effect.
1, owing to scientifically used the fundamental principle of Plant Nutrition,, regulated total C/N ratio in the soil by adding the organic substance of appropriate amount, root and rhizospheric environment have been improved, improve soil physics, chemistry, biological characteristics, therefore improved utilization rate of fertilizer, generally can improve 15-20%.
2, improve crop yield, improve fruit quality.A large amount of practices show, compare with other fertilizer that waits nutrient or equivalence, and food crop can be increased production 10-21%, vegetables volume increase 30-40%, and fruit tree is increased production more than 40%, and cash crop are increased production more than 25%.Food crop thousand seed weight, fruit pol, sugar-acid ratio improve, and top grade fruit rate generally improves.
3, very prevent physiological disease effectively, improved the resistance of crop.
Illustrate further the present invention below by non-limiting example.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Preparation solid mix bacterium agent.
Crooked pseudomonas AS1.866; Pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867; Arthrobacter AS1.8; Alcaligenes As1.448,1.768 cultivation:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 5 parts of peptones, 3 parts of meat extracts, 5 parts of sodium-chlor and 15 parts of agar be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare substratum, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate crooked pseudomonas AS1.866 after cooling, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.Similarly, pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, Arthrobacter AS1.8, Alcaligenes As1.448 similarly cultivate.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: count rate of growth for accelerating bacterium, adopt the fluid enlargement culture method herein, culture medium prescription is with the strain inclined plane prescription, just do not add agar,, adorn 150 milliliters of substratum with 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, filled in tampon, wrap four layers of gauze, wrap kraft paper again, 121.5 ℃ of sterilizations 30 minutes, the inoculation of cooling back, inoculum size one ring, 28 ℃ of rotary shaking tables (230 rev/mins) shaking culture 2-3 days, extremely every milliliter of bacterium liquid contains bacterium several 50 * 10
8To 100 * 10
8Till individual.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: substratum at first, in water, add 1.5 portions of potatos, 2 parts of agar, 1 portion of sucrose, 1 part of glucose by weight, the water yield is 40% of these substance weights, obtains substratum after fully mixing, and the pH of this substratum is 7.0-7.5.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 3 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned a kind of slant culture of cooling back inoculation 3 volume % is again in 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.Remaining slant culture bacterium liquid carries out same seed tank culture.
Solid culture method: by weight, 7.5 portions of dishes circle soil, 0.5 part of wheat bran, 1 part of cotton seed cake, 0.5 cavings, 0.5 part of wood chip add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, connect 6% above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium liquid measure after the sterilization, cultivated 3-7 days down at temperature 30-37 ℃.Descended dry 4-6 hour at temperature 30-40 ℃ at last, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned wherein a kind of bacterial strain, solid culture adds sorbent material and adsorbs, obtain above-mentioned wherein a kind of microbial inoculum, sorbent material adds water 20% with a thin ashes with a fine earth and obtains through mixing, this sorbent material before absorption under normal pressure steam sterilizing 3 hours, or at 1.5kg/cm
2Below the sterilization in pressurize 2-3 hour under pressure, the 126 ℃ of conditions, material temperature drop to 30 ℃, the bacterium number mixes with solid culture on demand, obtains desired microbial inoculum.Remaining seed tank culture bacterium liquid carries out same solid culture.
Bacillus megaterium ACC 10008, cured shape genus bacillus AS1.126, bacillus pumilus AS1.594, Bacillus circulans AS1.383 cultivate:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 5 parts of peptones, 3 parts of meat extracts, 5 parts of sodium-chlor, 15 parts of agar and 0.5 part of manganous sulfate heptahydrate be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare substratum, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 to 1/3 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate crooked pseudomonas AS1.866 after cooling, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.Similarly, pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, Arthrobacter AS1.8, Alcaligenes As1.448 similarly cultivate.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: identical with the secondary seed enlarged culturing method of above-mentioned crooked pseudomonas etc.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: at first prepare substratum, in water, add 1.5 portions of potatos, 2 parts of agar, 1 portion of sucrose, 1 part of glucose by weight, the water yield is 40% of these substance weights, obtains substratum after fully mixing, and the pH of this substratum is 7.0-7.5.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned wherein a kind of slant culture of cooling back inoculation 3 volume % is again in 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.Remaining slant culture bacterium liquid carries out same seed tank culture.
The solids manufacture cultural method: by weight, 7.5 portions of dishes circle soil, 0.5 part of wheat bran, 1 part of cotton seed cake, 0.5 cavings, 0.5 part of wood chip add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, connect 6% above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium liquid measure after the sterilization, cultivated 3-7 days down at temperature 30-37 ℃.At last temperature 30-40 ℃ dry 4-6 hour down, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned wherein a kind of bacterial strain, the adsorption conditions of solid culture and above-mentioned crooked pseudomonas etc. are identical.Remaining seed tank culture bacterium liquid carries out same solid culture.
Colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10012,10013,10014 cultivation:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 10 portions of sucrose, 1 part of lime carbonate, 0.5 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of yeast extract paste, 0.2 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 15-20 part agar and 0.2 part of magnesium chloride be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare the substratum of pH7.0-7.2, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 to 1/3 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10012 after cooling, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: identical with the secondary seed enlarged culturing method of above-mentioned Bacillus megatherium etc.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: at first prepare substratum, in water, add 2 portions of sucrose, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 0.5 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 1 part of agar by weight, the water yield is 40% of these substance weights, obtain substratum after fully mixing, the pH of this substratum is 6.5-7.5.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned wherein a kind of slant culture of cooling back inoculation 3 volume % is again in tank pressure 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.
The solids manufacture cultural method: by weight, 7.5 parts of dish circle soil, 0.5 part of wheat bran, 1 part of cotton seed cake, 0.5 part of cavings, 0.5 part of wood chip add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, sterilization back inoculation 6% above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium liquid measure, cultivation is 3-7 days under temperature 30-37 ℃.At last temperature 30-40 ℃ dry 4-6 hour down, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned bacterial strains, the adsorption conditions of solid culture and above-mentioned crooked pseudomonas etc. are identical.
The cultivation of thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479:
The slant culture method: will be by weight 0.3 part of ammonium sulfate, 3-4 part dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 0.001 part of ferrous sulfate be dissolved in 1000 parts of the distilled water, prepare the substratum of pH.3.5-4, this substratum branch is installed in the test tube, install to 1/2 to 1/3 of test tube capacity.Then in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, inoculate thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479 after cooling, put into constant incubator then and cultivated 48 hours at 30-33 ℃.
Secondary seed enlarged culturing method: count rate of growth for accelerating bacterium, adopt the fluid enlargement culture method herein, culture medium prescription is with the strain inclined plane prescription, with 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, adorn 150 milliliters of substratum, filled in tampon, wrap four layers of gauze, wrap kraft paper again, 121.5 ℃ of sterilizations 30 minutes, the inoculation of cooling back, inoculum size one ring, 28 ℃ of rotary shaking tables (230 rev/mins) shaking culture 2-3 days, extremely every milliliter of bacterium liquid contains bacterium several 50 * 10
8To 100 * 10
8Till individual.
Three grades of cultural methods of seeding tank: at first prepare substratum, in water, add 1 part of SULPHUR POWDER, 0.105 part of ammonium sulfate, 1.5 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, 0.175 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, 0.035 part of ferrous sulfate by weight, the water yield is 80% of these substance weights, obtain substratum after fully mixing, the pH of this substratum is 3.5-4.Then, this substratum branch is installed in the seeding tank, this substratum is in 1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 30 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, the bacterium liquid of the above-mentioned slant culture of cooling back inoculation 3 volume % is again in tank pressure 0.6 kilograms per centimeter
2Pressure, with temperature 28-30 ℃ condition under cultivated 48 hours.
Solids manufacture cultural method: by weight, 8 parts of dish circle soil, 0.5 part of potassium primary phosphate, 0.04 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of SULPHUR POWDER, 0.1 part of Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, 0.3 part of magnesium sulfate 7 hydrate, add water 40% again according to above-mentioned weight of material meter, after fully mixing, again in 1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 40 minutes under pressure and 121 ℃ of conditions, connect 6% above-mentioned seeding tank bacterium liquid measure after the sterilization, cultivated 3-7 days down at temperature 30-37 ℃.At last temperature 30-40 ℃ dry 4-6 hour down, obtain the solid culture of above-mentioned bacterial strains, the adsorption conditions of solid culture and the false pseudomonas bacillus of above-mentioned bending etc. are identical.
Above-mentioned bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes mix according to weight ratio 16,12,12,6,8,6,10,10,10, obtain being referred to as the composite solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacteria, promptly described microbial inoculum (1).This microbial inoculum is loose, and moistening is Powdered, no mould, and no musty, water-content 35%, living bacteria count 2.6 * 10
8Individual/gram, assorted bacterium rate＜10%, pH value 6.8.Colloid bacillus cereus mixes with 6 according to weight ratio 14 with the solid culture of Bacillus circulans, obtains being referred to as the composite solid microbial inoculum of silicate bacteria, promptly described microbial inoculum (2).This microbial inoculum outward appearance chocolate or brown powder shape, moistening, loose, water-content 35%, living bacteria count 1.4 * 10
8Individual/gram, assorted bacterium rate＜15%, pH value 7.5.
Then, use and to select for use the previously described organic constituent back of pulverizing, sieve, sterilize, ferment to mix with the composite solid microbial inoculum, obtain containing the organic materials of bacteria agent, it is standby to take by weighing 23 kilograms of this organic materialss.
Then, take by weighing that 0.64 kilo sulfuric acid magnesium, 0.36 kilo sulfuric acid manganese, 0.13 kilo sulfuric acid are ferrous, 0.05 kilo sulfuric acid copper, 0.09 kilo sulfuric acid zinc, 0.21 kilogram of borax, 0.03 kilogram of ammonium molybdate and 6.8 kilograms of Repone K, 11 kilo sulfuric acid potassium, after mixing 15 minutes, add 25 kilograms of superfine calcium superphosphate again, 33 kg urea were carried out thorough mixing 20 minutes, obtained described mineral manure mixture.
Before the use, above-mentioned organic materials and described mineral manure mixture thorough mixing are obtained biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser of the present invention.
This fertilizer is used in the different areas Different Crop, all obtains ideal effect.Its effect can conclude following some:
1, use in nearly 800 mu of cotton fields and show that single-strain bell-forming rate and individual plant bell weight average are higher than contrast, amount of increase in production 14-24.4%, and the shedding rate is low, anti-blight, verticillium effect are obvious.
2, the test of big area wheat shows that wheat branch evil obviously increases, well developed root system, and root length can reach 21 centimetres; In addition, only apply fertilizer to the subsoil, spraying fertilizer not, the per mu yield wheat is very heavy excessively; Test also shows, put into practice rate of fertilizer application far below calculate according to soil nutrient and target output the amount that should apply fertilizer, it can be said that bright, the synergistic function of highly significant between each component of fertilizer of the present invention, this is unexpected.
3, the corn big area is used and is shown, on average increases production 12-22.5%, and the milpa early growth is fast, and rod is long, and is no bald, and the grain grain is full, demonstrates this fertilizer and discharges evenly, and fertilizer efficiency is long.
Embodiment 2
This embodiment and embodiment 1 the same operation only are to use bacillus megaterium ACC 10011; Cured shape genus bacillus AS1.173, bacillus pumilus AS1.1894, thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479; Crooked pseudomonas AS1.866, pseudomonas fluorescens AS1.33, Arthrobacter AS1.8, Alcaligenes As1.768; Colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10013, Bacillus circulans AS1.553; 0.77 kilo sulfuric acid magnesium, 0.44 kilo sulfuric acid manganese, 0.03 kilogram of ammonium molybdate, 0.15 kilo sulfuric acid are ferrous, 0.05 kilo sulfuric acid copper, 0.1 kilo sulfuric acid zinc, 0.26 kilogram of borax, 13 kilograms of Repone K, 17.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg urea and 42.75 kilo sulfuric acid ammoniums; 20.25 kilogram contains the organic materials of microbial inoculum, wherein the composite solid microbial inoculum is 4.25 kilograms.
This fertilizer is used in the different areas Different Crop, all obtains ideal effect.Its effect can conclude following some:
1, the test of big area apple shows, the fertilizer efficiency period comparison is according to being about 1.5-2 month, and disease and pest is few, the fruit uniform coloring, and tool wax shape gloss, one-level fruit rate reaches 97.5%, and sugar-acid ratio has raising, amount of increase in production 18-26%.
2, the garlic bolt test shows that the garlic bolt aspect ratio contrasts high 7 centimetres, can be up to 38 centimetres, and head of garlic mean diameter is more than 7 centimetres, and contrast generally is no more than 6 centimetres, and volume increase reaches more than 26%.
3, peanut test shows, vegetative period robust plant, sense aphid evil is slight, 77 of single pier results, comparison is according to many about 20, mu volume increase 25%.
4, the Chinese cabbage test shows that plant strain growth is fast, stalwartness, and the aphid evil is low, and the plant comparison increases production about 50% according to high about 15 centimetres.
5, the watermelon test shows that plant strain growth is fast, and stalwartness is disease-resistant obvious, the sugariness height, and volume increase can reach 37%.
Embodiment 3
This embodiment and embodiment 1 the same operation only are to use bacillus megaterium ACC 10010; Cured shape genus bacillus AS1.230, bacillus pumilus AS1.1937, thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479; Crooked pseudomonas AS1.866, pseudomonas fluorescens AS1.867, Arthrobacter AS1.8, Alcaligenes As1.768; Colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10014, Bacillus circulans AS1.554; 0.86 kilo sulfuric acid magnesium, 0.49 kilo sulfuric acid manganese, 0.03 kilogram of ammonium molybdate, 0.17 kilo sulfuric acid are ferrous, 0.06 kilo sulfuric acid copper, 0.11 kilo sulfuric acid zinc, 0.29 kilogram of borax, 25 kilograms of Repone K, 19 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates, 32.5 kg urea; 22 kilograms of organic materialss that contain microbial inoculum, wherein the composite solid microbial inoculum is 5 kilograms.
This fertilizer is used in the different areas Different Crop, all obtains ideal effect.Its effect can conclude following some:
1, cucumber test shows, plant strain growth is fast, stalwartness, and the average number of blade comparison of every strain is according to increasing by 17.65%, and the comparison of female flower number is shone high by 29.11%, amount of increase in production average 40%.
2, the capsicum test shows, it is less that blight is infected in the performance of test plant, and blight is infected up to 98% in the check plot, therefore illustrates that fertilizer of the present invention has extremely strong anti-capsicum blight effect.
3, the test of lichee and sweet orange shows, has successfully solved the dehiscent fruit phenomenon in lichee ripening stage, has improved the fruit grade, and pol increases.Sweet orange treelet growing way is powerful, and the tree crown skeleton forms fast and regular, carries setting the previous year, verticillium do not occur, and the etiolation of check plot is serious.
Embodiment 4
This embodiment and embodiment 3 the same operations only are to use that 0.64 kilo sulfuric acid magnesium, 0.36 kilo sulfuric acid manganese, 0.13 kilo sulfuric acid are ferrous, 0.05 kilo sulfuric acid copper, 0.09 kilo sulfuric acid zinc, 0.21 kilogram of borax, 0.03 kilogram of ammonium molybdate, 7 kilograms of Repone K, 9.5 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates, 54 kilo sulfuric acid ammoniums.Use 28 kilograms of described organic materialss in addition, wherein composite fungus agent is 4.5 kilograms.
This fertilizer is lower concentration, low-phosphorous, potassium type biological organic and inorganic fertilizer material, through test, all obtains ideal effect.Wheat test shows that root system is flourishing especially before surviving the winter, and divides evil generally more than 15-18, the back robust plant of surviving the winter, and heading back fringe is many, fringe is neat, full seed, effect resistant to lodging is obvious, and ripen in advance 5 days increases production 21%.
Embodiment 5
This embodiment and embodiment 3 the same operations only are to use that 0.64 kilo sulfuric acid magnesium, 0.36 kilo sulfuric acid manganese, 0.13 kilo sulfuric acid are ferrous, 0.05 kilo sulfuric acid copper, 0.09 kilo sulfuric acid zinc, 0.21 kilogram of borax, 0.03 kilogram of ammonium molybdate, 8.3 kilograms of Repone K, 14 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates, 53.1 kilo sulfuric acid ammoniums.Use 23.1 kilograms of described organic materialss in addition, wherein composite fungus agent is 4 kilograms.
Through field experiment, cottonizing can be increased production 17-20%, and watermelon can precocious 5-7 days, volume increase 22%; Peanut yield increasing 24%; Increasing production of rice 11-40%.
Embodiment 6
This embodiment and embodiment 3 the same operations only are to use that 0.64 kilo sulfuric acid magnesium, 0.36 kilo sulfuric acid manganese, 0.13 kilo sulfuric acid are ferrous, 0.05 kilo sulfuric acid copper, 0.09 kilo sulfuric acid zinc, 0.21 kilogram of borax, 0.03 kilogram of ammonium molybdate, 8 kilo sulfuric acid potassium, 22 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 40 kilo sulfuric acid ammoniums.Use 28.5 kilograms of described organic materialss in addition, 6 kilograms of wherein compound mix bacterium agents.
Through field experiment, food crop, comprising wheat, corn, paddy rice, millet, well developed root system divides evil many, amount of increase in production 13-21%.
Fruit tree kind, healthy and strong comprising tree bodies such as honey peach, apple, grape, oranges and tangerines, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, on average increases production 15-26%.
Greengrocery is generally increased production 15-40% comprising root vegetables, leaf vegetables, onion, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, capsicum, eggplant, tomato etc.
Proved absolutely that by above embodiment fertilizer of the present invention obtained unexpected effect, not only obtained to significantly improve in crop yield, and fruit quality also obtains obvious lifting, fertilizer utilization ratio is significantly improved, and environment also should effectively be improved.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser is characterized in that it is made up of microbial inoculum, organic constituent and mineral manure;
Described microbial inoculum is to contain bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megatherium); Cured shape genus bacillus (Bacillus cereus), AS1.126,1.173,1.229,1.230, bacillus pumilus (BacillusAS1.594,1.1894,1.937,1.940; Thiobacillus thiooxidans (Thiobacillus thioxidans), AS1.1479; Crooked pseudomonas (Pseudomonas geniculata), AS1.866; Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomons fluorescens), ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867; Arthrobacter (Arthrobacter sp.), AS1.8; Alcaligenes (Alcaligenes faecalis), As1.448,1.768; Colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus), ACCC10012,10013,10014; Bacillus circulans (Bacillus circulans), AS1.383,1.553,1.554 composite fungus agent,
Described organic constituent is one or more materials that are selected from cereal crop straw, agricultural byproducts waste matter, cavings, urban and rural domestic refuse, feces of livestock and poultry,
Described mineral manure is one or more fertilizer that are selected from nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and/or middle micronutrient fertiliser;
By weight, the ratio of described microbial inoculum, organic constituent and mineral manure is 0.1-10,15-25,84.9-65.
2, fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described microbial inoculum the content of bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus pumilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans, crooked pseudomonas, pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, colloid bacillus cereus and Bacillus circulans bacterial strain respectively is living bacteria count 〉=1.2 * 10
8Individual/gram.
3, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described microbial inoculum is made up of the 1-30 of bacillus megaterium agent by weight, cured shape genus bacillus agent 1-20, bacillus pumilus agent 1-20, thiobacillus thiooxidans agent 1-8, crooked pseudomonas agent 1-10, pseudomonas fluorescens agent 1-12, pole microbial inoculum 1-8, Alcaligenes agent 1-8, colloid bacillus cereus agent 1-30 and Bacillus circulans agent 1-20.
4, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more nitrogenous fertilizer that are selected from ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, urea and any other nitrogenous fertilizer.
5, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described phosphate fertilizer is that one or more are selected from monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, potassium primary phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer and any other contain the phosphate fertilizer of phosphatic manure.
6, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described potash fertilizer is that one or more are selected from Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, potassium silicate, potassium primary phosphate, potassium metaphosphate and any other and contain the potash fertilizer of potassic fertilizer.
7, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described middle micronutrient fertiliser is one or more middle micronutrient fertilisers that are selected from calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine or boron fertilizer; Described calcareous fertilisers are one or more calcareous fertilisers that are selected from fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, unslaked lime, white lime, ground phosphate rock and any other calcic fertilizer; Described fertiliser containing magnesium is that one or more are selected from sal epsom, magnesium chloride, magnesiumcarbonate, secondary magnesium phosphate and any other and contain the fertiliser containing magnesium of magnesium fertilizer; Described sulfur fertilizer is one or more sulfur fertilizers that are selected from SULPHUR POWDER, ammonium sulfate and any other sulfur-containing fertilizer; Described iron fertilizer is one or more iron fertilizers that are selected from ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium phosphate and any other iron content fertilizer; Described copper fertilizer is one or more copper fertilizer that are selected from copper sulfate, cupric chloride and any other cupric fertilizer; Described zinc fertilizer is that one or more are selected from zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and any other and contain the zinc fertilizer of zinc fertilizer material; Described manganese fertilizer is that one or more are selected from manganous sulfate, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate and any other and contain the manganese fertilizer of manganese fertilizer material; Described molydbenum fertilizer is that one or more are selected from ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate and any other and contain the molydbenum fertilizer of molydbenum fertilizer material; Described chlorine fertilizer is one or more chlorine fertilizer that are selected from Repone K and any other chloride fertilizer; Various villaumites; Described boron fertilizer is that one or more are selected from boric acid, borax and any other and contain the boron fertilizer of boron fertilizer.
8, fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described carrier is an organic carrier, described organic carrier is that one or more straws that are selected from corn, wheat, paddy rice, jowar, soybean, sesame, cotton, peanut, the peat composed of rotten mosses, domestic waste, manioc waste, filter mud of sugar refinery, bagasse, wine or vinegar are poor, the carrier of cavings, rice chaff, peanut hull meal, soya-bean oil cake, peanut oil cake, sesame oil cake, feces of livestock and poultry or above-mentioned refuse puff.
9, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is 15-40% that this fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total amount by weight, wherein nitrogen 4-25%, phosphorus 4-12%, potassium 4-20%; This fertilizer contains calcium 0-8%, magnesium 0-3%, sulphur 0-5%, iron 0-0.4%, copper 0-0.05%, zinc 0-0.4%, manganese 0-0.7%, molybdenum 0-0.07%, boron 0-0.25% and chlorine 0-0.13%.
10, a kind of production method of biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
At first, according to slant culture, secondary seed enlarged culturing, three grades of cultivations of seeding tank and solids manufacture cultivation order, preparation bacillus megaterium ACC 10008,10009,10010,10011, AS1.127; Cured shape genus bacillus AS1.126,1.173,1.229,1.230, bacillus pumilus AS1.594,1.1894,1.937,1.940; Thiobacillus thiooxidans AS1.1479; Crooked pseudomonas AS1.866; Pseudomonas fluorescens ACCC10040, AS1.33,1.55,1.867; Arthrobacter AS1.8; Alcaligenes As1.448,1.768 solid cultures; Mix with sorbent material after pulverizing sterilization again, make described microbial inoculum (1);
Secondly, according to slant culture, secondary seed enlarged culturing, three grades of cultivations of seeding tank and solids manufacture cultivation order, preparation colloid bacillus cereus ACCC10012,10013,10014, Bacillus circulans AS1.383,1.553,1.554 solid cultures; Mix with sorbent material after pulverizing sterilization again, make described microbial inoculum (2);
Then, described microbial inoculum (1) carries out thorough mixing with described microbial inoculum (2), obtains described composite fungus agent, and this microbial inoculum mixes the organic materials that contains microbial inoculum that obtains being referred to as with organic constituent;
In addition, get nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and one or more fertilizer that is selected from calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine or the boron fertilizer carries out thorough mixing, obtain described mineral manure;
Before the use, described organic materials and the described mineral manure thorough mixing that contains microbial inoculum obtains biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser of the present invention; Perhaps
Adopt fertilizer envelope agent to be coated with described mineral manure, obtain a kind of coated fertilizer, this fertilizer obtains biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser of the present invention with described organic materials thorough mixing again.
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