CN1484600A - 绝热饮料或食品容器 - Google Patents
绝热饮料或食品容器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1484600A CN1484600A CNA02803645XA CN02803645A CN1484600A CN 1484600 A CN1484600 A CN 1484600A CN A02803645X A CNA02803645X A CN A02803645XA CN 02803645 A CN02803645 A CN 02803645A CN 1484600 A CN1484600 A CN 1484600A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mentioned
- container
- shrinkage
- mer
- froth bed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
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Abstract
绝热饮料或食品容器或套由设置于纸原料内表面上的泡沫层制成。一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层设置在沿饮料容器内表面的一个位置。泡沫层夹在聚合物皱缩薄膜层与纸原料之间,减小饮料和使用者的手之间的能量传导,允许使用者在延长的一段时间内抓持容器,而不会导致使用者不舒服或者疼痛。聚合物皱缩薄膜层是由具有30%或更小的百分比皱缩,更特别地是5-10%的百分比皱缩的皱缩薄膜层生产的。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本发明人要求2001年6月18日提交的代理人案件记录编号为0011-0372P、名称为“绝热饮料或食品容器”的美国临时申请60/298386的优先权,其全部内容这里作为参考引入。本发明还要求2001年8月8日提交的代理人案件记录编号为0011-0377P、名称为“绝热饮料或食品容器”的美国非临时申请No.09/923332的优先权,其全部内容这里作为参考引入。
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及一种用于对容器和容器原材料进行绝热的装置和方法。特别地,本发明涉及一种具有改进的绝热性能的绝热、纸基饮料或食品容器或原材料,及生产这些绝热容器或原材料的方法。
背景技术的描述
目前的标准纸杯原料允许过多的热量穿过绝热饮料容器的壁传导。因此,当允许过多的热量穿过容器壁时使用者的手变得不舒服甚至有时会疼痛地热。这可能会由于容器内容物的过多热量而不得不放下容器,给使用者造成不便。因此这种容器的抓持时间较短。对于冷饮料可能会发生类似但相反的情形,其中热量从使用者的手快速传导到容器的内容物。
授予Ioka的美国专利No.4435344描述了一种用于生产具有一个本体元件和一个底部元件的绝热成分纸容器的方法。本体元件由涂覆或层压热塑合成树脂薄膜的纸制成。然后将本体元件的一个表面加热而在容器本体元件的内外表面上或者其中之一上形成一个发泡聚乙烯绝热层。然后将绝热本体元件连接到底部元件上。
授予Geddes等人的美国专利Nos.6030476和5840139描述了一种用于生产绝热饮料容器或杯、原材料的方法,以及由此方法制成的容器。原材料包括一个底层,一个形成在一部分底层上的绝热层,及粘贴到绝热层上的印刷图案/矿物油。绝热层是用热塑合成树脂薄膜制成的。另外,美国专利No.6030476描述了一种纸杯外表面上的聚乙烯泡沫。
欧洲专利申请EP 0940240 A2描述了一种绝热纸杯,在有印刷物的区域带有目标隔离。杯的本体元件在其外表面上涂覆有可发泡的合成树脂,在其内表面上有合成树脂夹层,以防止液体穿透。底板元件可选择地在其上表面涂覆有发泡或未发泡的合成树脂。在合成树脂发泡之前有水基油墨将印刷物设置在杯的外表面上。另外,通过蒸发纸原料中所含的水而将低密度聚乙烯发泡。
欧洲专利申请EP 1060879 A2中描述了一种具有一个本体元件的绝热纸杯,在本体元件的外表面上部分或全部涂覆有发泡的低密度聚乙烯,在其内表面上涂覆有未发泡的修正的低密度聚乙烯。
但本发明人已经确定,背景技术的装置和方法具有下面的缺点。其它的设计牺牲杯的外部可印刷性来提供绝热,或者不能提供充分的绝热性能。
背景技术还没有实现能够有效地阻止在容器内容物与外部之间热传导的绝热纸原料。此外,充分的绝热不是通过成本高效方式从背景技术实现的。
发明概述
本发明克服了与常规装置和方法相关的缺点,并实现了常规装置和方法没有实现的其它优点。
本发明的一个方面是提供一种绝热饮料容器、套或原材料,能够减小穿过容器壁的能量传导,并提供加强的功能性和有用性。
本发明的另一个方面是提供一种绝热饮料容器、套或原材料,具有超长的抓持时间,并预设高质量印刷和图案。
本发明部分认识到,需要生产可印刷/图案增强的坯料纸杯、套或原材料的能力。本发明可用标准制造过程生产超级绝热杯产品。
本发明的这些和其它方面是通过一种绝热容器原材料实现的,包括:一个纸原料层;一个沿该纸原料层的内表面设置的泡沫层;及一个具有30%或更小百分比皱缩的聚合物皱缩薄膜层。
本发明的这些和其它方面还通过一种绝热容器实现,包括:一个具有一个外表面和一个内表面的容器壁;一个沿其底侧部啮合上述容器壁的底部;一个沿上述容器壁的外表面设置的纸原料层;一个沿容器壁的内表面设置的泡沫层;及一个具有30%或更小百分比皱缩的聚合物皱缩薄膜层。
本发明的这些和其它方面还通过一种绝热容器实现,包括:一个具有一个外表面和一个内表面的容器壁;一个沿其底侧部啮合上述容器壁的底部;一个沿上述容器壁的外表面设置的纸原料层;一个沿容器壁的内表面设置的泡沫层;及一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层,上述泡沫层夹在上述聚合物皱缩薄膜与上述纸原料层之间。
本发明的这些和其它方面还通过一种绝热食品或饮料容器套实现,包括:一个具有一个内表面的纸原料层;一个沿该纸原料层的内表面设置的泡沫层;及一个具有30%或更小百分比皱缩的聚合物皱缩薄膜层,上述泡沫层夹在上述纸原料层与上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层之间。但皱缩薄膜层在本发明的全部实施例中不是必须的,如容器套不需要皱缩薄膜层。
本发明的这些和其它方面还通过一种生产绝热容器的方法实现,包括下列步骤:提供一个纸杯原料,该纸杯原料具有一个环绕内部空间的容器壁,一个底部,和一个沿上述容器壁的外表面设置的纸原料层;将起泡剂混合到可发泡聚合物层中;沿内部空间的内表面形成一个泡沫层;将一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层粘结到上述泡沫层上;及对容器进行热处理,从而在30%或更小的百分比皱缩范围内皱缩该聚合物皱缩薄膜层。
本发明的这些和其它方面还可通过一种生产绝热食品或饮料容器或套的方法实现,包括下列步骤:提供一个具有内部空间的绝热容器或套,上述内部空间包括一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层和一个沿其内表面的泡沫层;加热内表面以皱缩聚合物皱缩薄膜层;及在加热过程中沿泡沫和聚合物皱缩薄膜层去除皱褶,从而防止在内部空间中的起皱作用。
从下面给出的详细说明中,本发明的可用性的进一步范围将变得明白。但应当理解,尽管表示本发明的优选实施例,但详细描述和特定例子仅作为示意给出,因为根据详细描述,本领域技术人员将明白在本发明精神和范围内的各种改变和修改。
附图简介
本发明将从下面给出的详细说明和附图中得到更加全面的理解,附图仅作为示意而给出,因而对本发明不是限制性的,其中:
图1是根据本发明的绝热饮料或食品容器的侧部剖视图。
图2是根据本发明的绝热饮料容器壁或套的剖视图。
图3是根据本发明第一实施例的绝热饮料容器壁的剖视图。
图4是根据本发明第二实施例的绝热饮料容器壁的剖视图。
图5是根据本发明第三实施例的绝热饮料容器壁的剖视图。
图6是根据本发明第四实施例的绝热饮料容器壁的剖视图。
图7是代表对于本发明实施例和可购买产品的实际和比较抓持时间的实验数据的图表。
图8是根据本发明的绝热饮料容器套的剖视图。
图9是根据本发明第五实施例的绝热饮料容器壁或饮料容器套壁的剖视图。
图10是一个平面图,表示根据本发明的饮料容器或套壁的内部和外部。
图11是一个平面图,表示根据本发明的饮料容器或套壁的内部和外部。
优选实施例的详细说明
本发明涉及一种绝热饮料或食品容器、杯或套;容器原材料;及生产绝热饮料或食品容器或者原材料的方法,该方法使用挤压或层压到食品或饮料纸原料上的聚乙烯泡沫层。下面参照附图对本发明作更详细的说明。
图2至6是根据本发明各实施例的绝热饮料容器壁11的剖视图。本领域技术人员将理解,图1中所示的绝热容器10可以很容易地装上图2至6中所示的任一个饮料容器壁。尽管下面的说明是针对杯的,但本发明的技术可应用于任何数量的容器或表面,例如饮料容器、绝热饮料套或原材料可由附图中所示的任一实施例建造。
图1是根据本发明的绝热饮料容器10的侧视剖视图。绝热饮料容器包括一个容器壁1,该容器壁1具有一个上侧部7、一个下侧部8和一个底部9。在容器壁的上侧部7、下侧部8和底部9之间形成一个饮料容纳空间11。
如上所述,目前的标准纸杯原料允许多余的热量传导通过容器壁。这导致使用者的手在抓住热的或冷的容器时不舒服地有时甚至是疼痛地变热或变冷。对于纸原料承受饮料容纳空间与容器最外层表面之间的热传导的定量的测量经常称作抓持时间。可以理解,相对于现有技术,本发明显著提高了纸基原料饮料容器的抓持时间。
本发明使用粘附或有选择地粘附到纸原料表面上的气体容纳薄膜。气体容纳薄膜层提供了对于穿过容器壁1的热传导的阻力。本发明提供一种绝热容器结构及制造该结构的方法,能够减少穿过容器壁的能量传导,增强功能性和有用性。
图2是根据本发明第一实施例的绝热饮料容器壁或套1的剖视图。饮料容器壁或套1包括一个纸原料2和一个挤压或层压的泡沫层3。纸原料2提供结构刚度并形成容器10或一部分套壁的所需形状。挤压或层压的泡沫层3粘附到纸原料2的内表面(如面对饮料容纳空间11)上,并实现气体容纳薄膜层的功能。薄膜层3设计用来向容器提供绝热性能。
纸原料2是用于制造饮料杯和其它食品容器的标准纸。纸原料2的厚度可选择成向杯结构提供最佳的物理特性。重要的物理特性包括折叠强度、硬度、撕裂和拉伸强度。
所需的纸厚度选择成使产生的最终杯壁1的厚度不会对运送、搬运或最终的杯性能产生负面影响。用于饮料和食品容器的普通纸原料2在纸原料2的厚度上在10到40毫英寸范围内变化,更特别地,在本发明一个优选实施例中厚度为10到26毫英寸。在本发明应用于绝热饮料套的情况下,纸原料2的厚度可选择成提供适当的物理特性,如用于建造如图1中所示的环绕饮料容器10的套所需的强度。
重要的物理特性包括折叠强度、硬度、撕裂和拉伸强度。纸厚度选择成使产生的套和杯壁的厚度不会对搬运、分配产生负面影响,或者对最终使用者造成麻烦。影响纸原料选择的其它标准包括外观和成本。可选择平滑的漂白纸来增强印刷质量及杯的吸引力,或者为了省钱而选择棕色牛皮纸。在应用于绝热饮料套时适用于套原料的纸在2到10毫英寸范围内变化。
挤压或层压的泡沫层3作为挤压品或层压品而粘贴到纸原料2上。挤压或层压泡沫层3的作用是提供绝热性能来容纳液体。挤压或层压的泡沫层3还可用作对于潮气传导的隔层,并进一步有助于在容器建造过程中的接缝密封。在绝热饮料套的情况下,泡沫层3是一个气体容纳层,能够向穿过套壁的热传导提供阻力。
虽然没有限制于此,挤压或层压泡沫层3可以由下面的示例性材料中的任何一种制造:高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、取向聚丙烯(OPP),等等。在本发明的优选实施例中,HDPE和LDPE是期望的材料。虽然不是必须,但其它泡沫聚合物可包括和/或由在制造过程中不会张紧或拉伸的PEFSs、LDPEs或HDPEs制成。
还可包括填加剂来增强各种材料特性或者有助于制造过程。这些填加剂包括但不限于下面的示例性填加剂中的任何一个:乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)以及增塑剂。
泡沫层3在制造过程中均匀地粘附到纸原料上。收集在泡沫层3内部的气体赋予容器壁高水平的绝热性,气体容纳泡沫层3的一个重要方面在于提供了能量传导阻力。收集的气体量是可变的,取决于使容器外部对于普通使用者感到舒服的特定量。因此,所需的收集气体量一般根据容器的期望用途而变化。
例如,用于咖啡(通常是190°F)的容器需要比用于相对较冷的汤杯(通常是165°F)更大的能量流动阻力。对于绝热层的另一个优点在于,容器能够将食品或饮料保持在它的使用温度更长一段时间。
泡沫层3可以层压或挤压到纸原料2上。当泡沫层3层压到纸原料层2上时,可使用如由Sealed Air公司生产的CA-20或其它气体容纳薄膜。当薄膜挤压到纸原料2上时,起泡剂在挤压之前混合到聚合物中。加入的起泡剂在挤压过程中在薄膜中产生气穴。该挤压方法提供了在一个操作步骤中生产出产品的附加的优点。
绝热泡沫层3优选地在2到30磅/3300平方英尺,更优选地在5到15磅/3300平方英尺。薄膜的密度优选地在1.0到3.0磅/平方英尺。绝热气体容纳泡沫层3的厚度优选地在5到30毫英寸,更优选地在10到20毫英寸。泡沫层3可以是由连续单层或者薄膜和泡沫夹层制成的气体容纳薄膜层。
聚合物皱缩薄膜
图3是根据本发明第一实施例的容器壁的剖视图。如在容器10中饮料容纳空间11和泡沫容纳层3之间的一个位置将聚合物皱缩薄膜层4挤压、层压或者涂覆到泡沫容纳层3上。因此泡沫层3被夹在纸原料2与聚合物皱缩薄膜层4之间。下面将聚合物皱缩薄膜层4称作PE层4。PE层4可用作防潮气传递的隔层,且有助于在容器构造过程中的接缝密封。
在一个优选实施例中,首先形成泡沫层3,然后将它熔化挤压、层压或者熔化熔合到纸原料2的表面上。在相关技术中特征性依靠的原料2中保持的残留潮气,并没有被依靠来产生泡沫层3。泡沫还可以挤压到纸原料2上,但在每一种情况下发泡都是通过在挤压或泡沫产生之前将起泡剂混合到聚合物上而产生的。加入的起泡剂在挤压过程中在薄膜中产生气穴。该挤压方法提供了直接在一个操作步骤中生产出产品的优点。
还可以处理泡沫层3以接收或者适应各种印刷油墨。泡沫层3可通过产业中公知的多种手段来处理,例如但不限于:电晕处理,火焰处理,臭氧处理,涂覆等。
图4是根据本发明第二实施例的容器壁的剖视图。将PE层4挤压、层压或涂覆到夹在泡沫层3与纸原料2之间的一个位置。但PE层4也可用作防潮气传递的隔层,且有助于容器构造过程中的接缝密封。如图5中看到的,泡沫层3还可夹在两个PE层4之间,如在第三实施例中最内部PE层直接粘附到纸原料层2上。
尽管不限于,PE层4可由下面的示例性材料中的任一个制成:高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、取向聚丙烯(OPP)等。在本发明的优选实施例中HDPE和LDPE是期望的材料。一些附加和可用的可皱缩热塑材料是PVC、PTFE、FEP、PVDF、PET、LDPE、LLDPE、HDPE和聚烯烃,它们可以容易地加入所要求的本发明中。
PE层4可制造成产生一种称作形状记忆的性能。当PE层4在制造过程中受到轴向张力和拉伸或者在张力下被加热然后冷却时,PE层4产生形状记忆。形状记忆使PE层4皱缩,如重新加热后聚合物分子松弛到它们的原始形状。本发明人已经确定,特殊PE层的形状记忆可以有利地结合纸原材料使用,以生产出减少和/或消除了下面更详细描述的皱缩效果的聚合物皱缩薄膜层4。
还可包括填加剂来增强各种材料性能或者有助于制造过程。这些填加剂包括但不限于下面的示例性填加剂中的任一种:乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA),乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH),及增塑剂。
图6是根据本发明第四实施例的容器壁的剖视图。PE层4已经粘贴到外表面或内表面上,如相对于纸原料2与泡沫层3相对的一个表面上。PE层4可层压、挤压或涂覆到纸原料表面上。PE层4还用作对于置于容器中的饮料或食品的隔层,还可用作密封机构。可替换地,PE层4可作为如最接近饮料容纳空间11的最内层粘贴。另外,可根据需要将附加的PE层4和/或泡沫层3粘贴到容器壁1的内表面或外表面上,从而向液体增加附加隔层和/或热阻力,或者热密封在容器中(或从中挤出)。PE层4可直接粘贴到纸原料2上,或者经过泡沫3间接粘贴。
用于本发明的附加涂覆层的优选涂覆材料是膨胀泡沫。该膨胀泡沫材料是聚合外壳中的封装异丁烷。该膨胀泡沫胶囊以一个较小的,如未膨胀的直径填加到涂层上。在泡沫干燥并将热量提高到一定温度时,封装异丁烷从液体变成气体,聚合物外壳膨胀,并伴随适当的体积改变。
产生的膨胀球或凹坑具有一个非常低的密度和低的导热性。膨胀泡沫还具有产生粗糙表面的优点,这会进一步减小容器壁中层之间的接触面积,并因而减少热传导。涂覆到纸原料外部的膨胀泡沫的薄层对于变粗糙或者构造纹理特别有用,以有助于抓持容器。
优选的涂层是发泡涂层。发泡涂层是使用夹带空气的涂层。在涂层中扩散的空气提供了低涂层密度和低导热性。发泡涂层还接收并易于加工而实现表面修正。因而发泡涂层能够用压纹机、压力机或其它机械装置产生粗糙或穿孔表面。
根据最终使用者的应用和需要,发泡涂层还可用作单一涂层,或者同时用作绝热涂层和印刷涂层。
所选择的用于绝热涂层的涂层材料在一个水成系统中扩散,如必要填加附加成分,以易于加工和应用。可使用如硅、碳酸钙、粘土及合成颜料这样的颜料。
可包括粘结剂而将涂层粘结到纸基体上。普通粘结剂可从下面各项中选择但并不限于此:聚乙烯醇、SBR乳胶、淀粉、聚丙烯酸盐以及相关技术中公知的其它粘结剂。涂层中可包括其它填加剂以有助于扩散、流变和涂层处理。这些填加剂包括但不限于:去泡剂、扩散剂、加湿剂、导电聚合物、苯乙烯马来酐、增稠剂等。
可粘贴2到30磅/3300平方英尺,更优选地5到15磅/3300平方英尺的绝热涂层。绝热涂层的一个优选厚度是1到15毫英寸,最优选的是3到10毫英寸。
虽然涉及与本发明不同的绝热容器涂层和制造工艺,但授予Shih等人的美国专利Nos.5911904;授予Grischchenko等人的5993705;授予Sadlier的6085970大致描述了许多在纸杯/容器原料领域通常使用的制造涂覆、加热和装配工艺。这些涂覆、加热和装配工艺的全部细节这里作为参考在本申请中引入。
附图中所示的优选实施例涉及朝或沿容器内表面(如容器的饮料侧)粘贴泡沫层3。但本领域技术人员将理解,可沿容器的外表面粘贴泡沫层3来代替PE薄膜层4,或者与之一起粘贴。
本发明的发明人在对本发明的多种优选实施例进行测试时发现了非常受人欢迎且出乎意料的结果。例如,用具有图3中所示结构的容器壁1构造的饮料容器10已经显示出非凡的抓持时间、潮气阻止和蒸气传送阻力。另外,本发明的发明人已经显示,与在纸原料2外侧发泡的潮气泡沫层3,如Georgia PacificTM出售的PerfecTouchTM相比,图3中所示实施例的抓持时间显著增加。
如上所述,对纸原料耐受饮料容纳空间与容器最外层表面之间的热传导的能力的定量测量经常称作抓持时间。因而显著缩短了人能够舒服地抓持热容器10的时间,如抓持时间。
图3中所示的优选实施例显示能够最佳地阻止向纸原料2的热传导,从而通过在最内层表面提供潮湿蒸气传导隔层而减小了热传导,这防止了由于蒸气通过杯原料的大量传导而导致的加热。本发明优选实施例中的抓持时间显著增加。
图7是代表对于本发明实施例和可购买的产品之间实际和可比抓持时间的实验数据的图表,将在下面进一步讨论。图8是根据本发明的绝热饮料容器套12的剖视图。图8是根据本发明另一实施例的绝热饮料容器壁1或饮料容器套壁1的剖视图。
将会理解,绝热饮料容器套12可以容易地装入附图中所示的饮料容器原材料(容器壁)1的任一可用实施例。绝热饮料容器套12经常滑过如图1中所示的饮料容器的外表面。如图9中看到的,可在纸原料2与泡沫层3之间设置一个中间层5。该中间层5作为挤压品、层压品或涂层而粘贴到纸原料上。中间层5的用途是将气体容纳薄膜层3粘结到纸原料2上。
但中间层5也可用作潮气传导隔层,并有助于在套构造过程中的接缝密封。用于中间层5的普通材料包括但不限于:高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、取向聚丙烯(OPP);和粘结剂,如热熔粘结剂,水基粘结剂和溶剂基粘结剂等。
可以包括产业中公知的粘结剂,以增强某些性能,或者有助于加工,可包括但不限于:乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA),乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH),及增塑剂。外层4粘贴到纸原料上,以提供一个根据最终用途具有下面性能的表面,包括但不限于:接收高质量图像和印刷油墨的材料,提供触觉的材料,颜色随温度改变的材料,提供接缝密封能力的材料,以及提供更紧固抓持表面的材料,等等。套12结构可优选地取向成使泡沫材料3朝向杯11表面,而纸表面2、4面向外,如使用者能看到。但套结构也可颠倒,使泡沫位于外部,而纸表面2、4向内面朝杯/容器11壁。当图9中的实施例应用在容器10上时,如上所述的PE层还可沿容器内表面粘贴(图9未图示),如泡沫层3与饮料容纳空间11之间。
图7是代表对于本发明的实施例和可购买的产品的实际和比较抓持时间的实验数据的图表。图7中示出对于不同样本获得的实验抓持时间(以秒测量)。各种样本或饮料容器中加注大约230毫升温度为约90℃的水(194°F加注温度)。
表I中,样本S2是基本原料/空气/波纹/基本原料的份数比为15/15/15的产品/容器样本。样本S5、样本S6和样本S7是装有结构与图3中所示相似的容器壁1的本发明的测试样本。样本S5是一个10份泡沫18份基纸的夹层。S6是一个20份泡沫18份基纸的夹层。S7是一个30份泡沫18份基纸的夹层。样本S9是一个带有潮气起泡聚乙烯外层的纸原料,如可从Fort James购买的PerfecTouchTM。样本S12是一个18份基纸加20份聚乙烯泡沫的夹层。
对不同的样本进行测试,以确定在若干次反复测试之后的平均抓持时间。在许多测试结果中用一个控制测试人员来保持数据完整性。
在替换测试中,使用若干个不同的控制测试人员。
绝热杯抓持时间研究
倾倒温度-90℃
全部杯容纳230毫升H2O
以秒计的抓持时间
样本号 2 5 6 7 9 12
InsulairTM 10pt泡沫 CA-20 CA-30 产品样本 10ptw/
18pt基体 18pt基体
纸厚度 32.5 37 43.5 27.5
1/2千分之一英寸
抓持时间
平均: 53.5 85.1 73.1 94.1 29.6 55.8
最小控制: 45.0 76.6 64.6 85.6 21.1 47.3
最小最佳接触: 23.9 55.5 43.4 64.5 0.0 26.1
最小InsulairTM:0.0 31.6 19.6 40.6 -23.9 2.3
表I
表I提供了对于加注温度为90℃的大约230毫升水所作的绝热杯抓持时间研究的实验测试结果。表I涉及各种样本的测试结果。
抗皱作用
在制造后,纸原料基的夹层会在最终产品的最内层发生起皱或折痕。例如,沿内部使用泡沫层3的饮料容器11或套12会经历特别麻烦的起皱作用。在杯制造过程中,用于杯的坯料经常被模切然后环绕一个圆柱形心轴成形。因此,杯直径将随基体厚度或每层夹层的纸厚度、层数以及每层中所使用材料的类型而变化。因此可以根据下面的关系确定杯直径的变化ΔD,其中C是基体厚度或纸厚度,ΔD=2C。但如图1中看到的,直径还随测量的位置而变化,如沿上侧表面7的直径大于沿下侧表面8的直径。
因此,基体越厚,则最内层与最外层直径之差越大。由于基体的两个表面以相同的长度开始,直径差产生了一个应力作用下的系统。杯成形基体,如纸原料2,具有相对较大的纸厚度。沿内表面的泡沫层3相对软而易挠曲。因此沿内表面的泡沫特性结合直径的改变,导致在应力作用下产生适应相对较小直径的皱褶(承受应力的能力较差)。
图3中所示的剖视图是具有一个PE层4的容器10的示例,其中泡沫层3夹在纸原料层2与PE层4之间。图4中所示的剖视图是通过展示出上述起皱作用的PE层4粘结到泡沫层2上的绝热泡沫层3的示例。如图5中看到的,另一个实施例包括至少两个PE层4,其中使用该截面的容器的内表面同样具有一个最接近饮料容器空间11的PE层4。
图10是一个平面图,表示根据本发明另一实施例的饮料容器或套壁的内部或外部。图11是一个平面图,表示根据本发明另一实施例的饮料容器或套壁的内部或外部。这些皱褶20或折痕在最终的杯或套中变成不需要或者麻烦。皱褶20中的折线将饮料收集在杯中,导致产品污染或损失。起皱作用还降低了最终产品的美学价值。
图10-11还涉及一种制造饮料容器或套的方法,消除或极大降低了沿容器内部30发生的起皱量。图10和11表示根据本发明的一个实施例,在分别对聚合物皱缩薄膜层(PE层)4进行加热和皱缩之前和之后容器的内部杯表面30和外部杯表面40。图10中,泡沫层3已经在适应较小直径的应力下皱缩。在经历加热过程后,泡沫皱缩,产生图11中所示的拉紧和平滑的层。
在高速杯成形过程中,可环绕心轴卷绕模切纸而形成容器圆柱体。由于直径的相对改变,内表面30现在处于应力下。通过选择具有皱缩性能的泡沫层3,可通过施加热量而去除皱褶。具有皱缩内部的成形杯可暴露于热量,使泡沫皱缩并去除皱褶20。只要施加充足的热量使皱褶光滑,同时又不对薄膜进行过度加热而导致退化,则热量施加方法的具体细节就不重要。在一个理想实施例中,可将加热方法和/或设备加入到现有的杯制造设备中。
加热过程可包括局部加热或皱缩过程,如只有内表面经受加热过程,如被加热的过程空气完全沿内表面30前进。但本领域技术人员将理解,可使用整个容器或者各种受控加热比,如提高内表面加热速度与外表面加热速度之比,使内外比大致高于1∶1。
皱褶20的消除可通过加热和/或加入用于泡沫层3的聚合物及具有所需热皱缩性能的聚合物皱缩薄膜层4的任意结合而实现。可以加热用于运输和叠置最终杯的空气,可以加热成形心轴,可以通过管道加热器或其它装置来运输杯,和/或可被加热的空气流可流动穿过杯的内表面30。
皱缩薄膜可由范围很宽的可购买聚合物制造。表II中列出可在美国购买到的一些可用的薄膜。但本领域技术人员将理解,可以得到,或者现在正在开发其它可购买的薄膜。因此,对于本发明的任何具有所需皱缩薄膜性能的皱缩薄膜都在本发明的精神和范围内。所选择的聚合物以及聚合物加工历史是影响泡沫皱缩性能的两个主要因素。应当选择聚合物类型和加工方法,以产生所需的皱缩量,同时保持泡沫完整性。由Aaron L.Brody和Kenneth S.Marsh、John Wiley及Sons于1997年所著的《包装技术百科全书》中,描述了适当的皱缩薄膜及它们相关性能的附加例子,其全部内容这里作为参考引入。
表II:可购买的皱缩薄膜
皱缩薄膜 | 聚合物类型 | 可购买的产品 |
聚乙烯单层 | 聚烯烃 | 杜邦Clysar HP,LLP;及Cryovac D601 |
聚乙烯多层 | 聚烯烃 | Cryovac D955,D940,RD106,D959 |
聚丙烯/单层乙烯- | 聚烯烃 | 杜邦Clysar EHC,CHS,RSW;Okura Vanguard |
共聚物 | 100;及Gunze PSS | |
PP/EPC多层 | 聚烯烃 | Cryovac MPD2055,MPD2100,J960,J961;Okura Vanguard 501;Intertape Exlfilm IP-83;及杜邦Clysar EZ |
双轴取向 | 聚氯乙烯(PVC) | Reynolds Reynolon 1044,2044,3044,4044,5044;Allied Krystaltite T111,T122,T133,T144,T15,R11,R22,R44;及Gunze Fancywrap |
优先取向 | 聚氯乙烯(PVC) | Reynolds Reynolon 3023,4061,5032,7052;及Allied Krystaltite PT152 |
芳香和氧气隔层 | 专业薄膜 | Cryovac BDF2001,BDF2050 |
潮气隔层 | 专业薄膜 | Cryovac BDF1000 |
潮气、气体和芳香隔层 | 专业薄膜 | Cryovac BDF3000 |
对于本发明优选的皱缩薄膜,特别是聚乙烯和/或修正的聚乙烯薄膜,是由它们的性能和成本来确定的。对于本发明的泡沫层3的皱缩薄膜的具体例子是高密度聚乙烯或HDPE与线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)的混合,如重量不大于30%。皱缩薄膜是通过拉伸热薄膜并将保持在张力下同时冷却而产生的。然后将聚合物链锁定在应力状态。在接近皱缩薄膜的熔化点经受加热过程后,聚合物链松弛,薄膜皱缩。
在一个优选实施例中,相对于该类目中可购买的皱缩,所需要的“百分比”皱缩较低。如果没有约束,普通皱缩薄膜将在70-80%数量级上皱缩。本发明人已经确定,泡沫层3过多的皱缩将导致薄膜从容器壁11拉走和/或分层。另外,过多的皱缩将导致不期望的内部杯空间损失,并降低叠置效率。本发明人已经确定,具有0-30%百分比皱缩,更优选地是5-10%百分比皱缩的泡沫层3,将产生最佳结果。如果进行了其它考虑来控制容器的皱缩,如通过使用插入的心轴或其它物理上限制的装置来控制皱缩,则可使用具有较高皱缩速度的薄膜。
皱缩起始温度是优选皱缩薄膜的另一个关键属性。皱缩薄膜可设计成在190°F皱缩,如当热咖啡倒入容器中从而导致在张力下皱褶20拉出或变平滑。此外,可选择在190°F以上温度,如在相对较高的制造过程温度下皱缩的皱缩薄膜,从而在实际使用容器之前去除皱褶。如果起始温度较低,则皱缩总量必然同样较低。例如,如果起始温度为190°F,并将200°F咖啡倒入杯中,则皱缩必然较低,以避免杯体积损失以及当体积减小时热咖啡溢出。
生产封装容器的一个方法可包括下列步骤:提供一个纸杯原料,该纸杯原料具有一个环绕内部空间11的容器壁1,一个底部9,和一个沿容器壁1的外表面40设置的纸原料层2;将起泡剂混合到可发泡聚合物层3中;沿内部空间11的内表面30形成一个泡沫层3;将一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层4,如PE层4,粘结到泡沫层3上;对容器进行热处理,在30%或更小的百分比皱缩范围内对聚合物皱缩薄膜进行皱缩。直接,或者通过另一中间层5如附加PE层4,而间接地将泡沫层3粘结到纸杯原料2上。
上述生产绝热食品或饮料容器或套的方法,还可包括下列步骤:提供一个具有一个内部空间11的绝热容器或套,内部空间11包括一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层4和一个沿其内表面30的泡沫层4。对内表面30加热使聚合物皱缩薄膜层20皱缩,并在加热步骤中去除沿泡沫层3和聚合物皱缩薄膜层4的皱褶,从而防止在内部空间30中产生不期望的起皱作用。
在制造过程或产品使用过程中使用热处理加工,如热的咖啡杯产生所需的皱缩来皱缩泡沫层,从而在30%或更小的百分比皱缩范围内去除皱褶。热处理加工还可以是用于皱缩相关技术中可得到的聚合物皱缩薄膜的任何常规的热处理加工。这包括加热和冷却过程,包括其组合。由Aaron L.Brody和Kenneth S.Marsh、John Wiley及Sons于1997年所著的《包装技术百科全书》中,描述了用于实施皱缩薄膜的热处理过程,其全部内容这里作为参考引入。具体地,本发明可使用常规的热处理过程,如拉幅框架过程、起泡过程,及它们的组合和/或它们的等同物。
本发明是这样描述的,很明显,可以多种方式对其进行改变。这种变化并不认为是脱离了本发明的精神和范围,对于本领域技术人员明显的所有这些修改都将包括在下面权利要求的范围内。
Claims (29)
1.一种绝热容器原材料,包括:
一个纸原料层;
一个沿该纸原料层的内表面设置的泡沫层;及
一个具有30%或更小百分比皱缩的聚合物皱缩薄膜层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的绝热容器原材料,还包括一个附加聚合物薄膜层,上述泡沫层夹在上述附加聚合物薄膜层与上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的绝热容器原材料,上述泡沫层夹在上述纸原料层与上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的绝热容器原材料,其中上述纸原材料的厚度大于或等于10毫英寸且小于或等于26毫英寸,其中原材料用于食品或饮料容器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的绝热容器原材料,其中上述泡沫层是由高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、取向聚丙烯中的至少一个制成的层压或挤压皱缩薄膜泡沫。
6.根据权利要求1所述的绝热容器原材料,其中上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层是由高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、取向聚丙烯中的至少一个制成的层压或挤压皱缩薄膜聚合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的绝热容器原材料,其中上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层的上述百分比皱缩在大约5-10%范围内。
8.根据权利要求4所述的绝热容器原材料,其中上述泡沫层通过熔化挤压、层压或泡沫挤压粘结到上述纸原材料上。
9.根据权利要求6所述的绝热容器原材料,其中上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层的上述百分比皱缩在大约5-10%范围内。
10.一种绝热容器,包括:
一个具有一个外表面和一个内表面的容器壁;
一个沿其底侧部啮合上述容器壁的底部;
一个沿上述容器壁的外表面设置的纸原料层;
一个沿容器壁的内表面设置的泡沫层;及
一个具有30%或更小百分比皱缩的聚合物皱缩薄膜层。
11.一种绝热容器,包括:
一个具有一个外表面和一个内表面的容器壁;
一个沿其底侧部啮合上述容器壁的底部;
一个沿上述容器壁的外表面设置的纸原料层;
一个沿容器壁的内表面设置的泡沫层;及
一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层,上述泡沫层夹在上述聚合物皱缩薄膜与上述纸原料层之间。
12.根据权利要求11所述的绝热容器,其中上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层是由高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、取向聚丙烯中的至少一个制成的具有30%或更小百分比皱缩的层压、熔化或挤压泡沫聚合物。
13.根据权利要求11所述的绝热容器,还包括一个夹在上述泡沫层与上述纸原料层之间的绝热涂层,其中容器原料用于食品或饮料容器。
14.根据权利要求11所述的绝热容器,其中上述泡沫层是由高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、取向聚丙烯中的至少一个制成的层压、熔化或挤压泡沫聚合物。
15.根据权利要求12所述的绝热容器,其中上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层的上述百分比皱缩在大约5-10%范围内。
16.根据权利要求12所述的绝热容器,还包括一个夹在上述泡沫层与上述纸原料层之间的附加聚合物薄膜层。
17.一种绝热食品或饮料容器套,包括:
一个具有一个内表面的纸原料层;
一个沿该纸原料层的内表面设置的泡沫层;及
一个具有30%或更小百分比皱缩的聚合物皱缩薄膜层,上述泡沫层夹在上述纸原料层与上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层之间。
18.根据权利要求17所述的绝热食品或饮料容器套,还包括一个夹在上述纸原料层上述上述泡沫层之间的附加聚合物薄膜层。
19.一种生产绝热容器的方法,包括下列步骤:
提供一个纸杯原料,该纸杯原料具有一个环绕内部空间的容器壁,一个底部,和一个沿上述容器壁的外表面设置的纸原料层;
将起泡剂混合到可发泡聚合物层中;
沿内部空间的内表面形成一个泡沫层;
将一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层粘结到上述泡沫层上;及
对容器进行热处理,从而在30%或更小的百分比皱缩范围内皱缩该聚合物皱缩薄膜层。
20.根据权利要求19所述的生产绝热容器的方法,还包括下列步骤:在位于上述泡沫层与上述纸原料层之间的一个位置设置一个附加聚合物薄膜层。
21.根据权利要求19所述的生产绝热容器的方法,还包括下列步骤:在位于上述泡沫层与上述纸原料层之间的一个位置粘贴一个绝热涂层。
22.根据权利要求19所述的生产绝热容器的方法,其中上述百分比皱缩在5-10%范围内。
23.根据权利要求19所述的生产绝热容器的方法,其中上述泡沫层是由高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯或取向聚丙烯制成的层压、熔化或挤压泡沫,上述热处理步骤包括一个处理过程和一个冷却过程。
24.根据权利要求19所述的生产绝热容器的方法,还包括下列步骤:形成用于食品或饮料容器的容器,其中内部空间是食品或饮料容纳空间。
25.根据权利要求17所述的绝热食品或饮料容器套,其中上述聚合物皱缩薄膜层是由高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯或取向聚丙烯制成的层压或挤压聚合物。
26.根据权利要求23所述的绝热食品或饮料容器套,其中上述泡沫层通过熔化挤压、层压或泡沫挤压粘结到上述纸原料层上。
27.一种生产绝热食品或饮料容器或套的方法,包括下列步骤:
提供一个具有内部空间的绝热容器或套,上述内部空间包括一个聚合物皱缩薄膜层和一个沿其内表面的泡沫层;
加热内表面以皱缩聚合物皱缩薄膜层;及
在加热过程中沿泡沫和聚合物皱缩薄膜层去除皱褶,从而防止在内部空间中的起皱作用。
28.根据权利要求27所述的生产绝热食品或饮料容器套的方法,还包括下列步骤:在位于上述泡沫层与上述纸原料层之间的一个位置粘贴一个聚乙烯薄膜层。
29.根据权利要求27所述的生产绝热食品或饮料容器套的方法,其中加热步骤包括下列各步骤中的至少一个:加热空气供给以运输和叠置食品或饮料容器;加热一个用于食品或饮料容器的成形心轴;及运输食品或饮料容器通过一个管道加热器。
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CN102556513A (zh) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-07-11 | 梁仁宇 | 具隔冷热结构的容器 |
CN104172849A (zh) * | 2014-08-02 | 2014-12-03 | 江阴宇昊复合材料科技有限公司 | 可调式隔温容器套 |
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