CN1373674A - 易流动液体载体 - Google Patents
易流动液体载体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1373674A CN1373674A CN00812639A CN00812639A CN1373674A CN 1373674 A CN1373674 A CN 1373674A CN 00812639 A CN00812639 A CN 00812639A CN 00812639 A CN00812639 A CN 00812639A CN 1373674 A CN1373674 A CN 1373674A
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Abstract
本发明包括可与组合物、材料和物质联合的易流动液体载体。在这种易流动液体载体的优点中,组合物保留在湿润的表面上一段时间,足以使组合物、材料和物质在所述表面上起作用,抵抗侵蚀或从另外加上的水分流出。这种易流动液体载体具有许多实用性,包括但不限于清洁和处理物体和生物体或活的生命体,包括活的生物的表面。
Description
交叉引用
本申请根据美国法典119(e)35条要求1999年9月11日提交的美国临时申请号60/153,260的优先权。
技术领域
聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物的浓缩的水平用于掺入产品的载体,这些产品设计用于对湿润表面和水性环境传递组合物、材料和物质。在使用过程中获得水分时,载体从液体充分地转变成凝胶样的形式,对使用者提供了益处。例如,身体的粘膜表面含有足够的水,使含有浓缩水平的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物的易流动液体载体有效传递到所需位点,其中伴随的组合物、材料和物质与湿润表面牢固粘附,抵抗水或生物液的溶解或侵蚀。这些用途包括但不限于传递个人护理组合物、制剂和化合物,这些包括但不限于药物(OTC和处方药)、营养品等。
在药物组合物学科中有各式各样的剂型。例子包括用于口服给药的片剂、胶囊、酏剂、糖浆、充液胶囊、悬液、上糖衣的片剂或胶囊;口腔内给药的凝胶、嗽口液、牙粉、锭剂、喷雾、药用棒糖、充液胶囊;用于眼内或耳内给药的凝胶、悬液或溶液;用于直肠内或阴道内给药的栓剂和灌洗剂或灌肠剂;和用于皮肤和头皮外用的霜剂、油膏、凝胶、洗液和药物贴片;和针筒注射用的液态悬液或溶液、用特殊的涂药器或喷雾器鼻部给药的鼻部凝胶、溶液或悬液。
大部分这些组合物的物理形式是粘度范围从易流动液体到粘性凝胶的液体。易流动液体通常是优选的,因为它们是给药的最佳形式。例如,只有液体或可能低粘度凝胶能用针筒注射,或从瓶中倒到药杯中,或吸到针筒或药物滴管中,或从滴瓶挤到眼或耳中,或喷雾到鼻腔中。除了与药物给药装置和引入身体的形式的兼容性外,组合物常常需要容易的在给药后散播,而不需要手工或装置的帮助。例如滴眼组合物需要在眼睛表面散布,同样吞服的液体也需要布满喉咙、食管或胃。对于直肠灌肠剂或阴道灌洗组合物也是这样。
然而在许多情况下,易流动液体的药物剂型不一定是理想的,因为一旦给药,这些易流动液体容易从需要的治疗位点移开。在这种情况下,组合物的治疗优点将显著减少甚至完全丧失。因此,猜想为了保留在目标位点的目的,需要特定的药物组合物变得更粘,甚至成为不能轻易流动的凝胶形式是适合的。然而,向所需位点施用这样的粘性组合物,以达到最佳结果是困难的,甚至不可能实现。例如,当尝试用手指或更精巧的涂药器在人眼表面涂敷凝胶时,可能发生严重伤害。更大的问题在于胃里层的包覆,因为该位点用简单的自己给药用涂药器是不能达到的。
因此,需要一种“聪明的”药物组合物;即能以易流动液体形式施用,在给药后能转化或变形成具有足够粘度,能基本上停留在目标位点的载体。这样的组合物需要固有的化学的或物理的触发机制,在表面(包括身体)内或上给药后对条件作出响应。
发明背景
开发这种组合物的尝试已持续了相当的时间。这些组合物的例子包括Edsman,K.,Carlfors,J.,Petersson,R.泊洛沙姆作为眼用原位凝胶的流变学评估,European Journal of Pharmaceutics,第6卷,pp.105-112(1998)公开的眼内剂型,在此引入以供参考。这类组合物作为嵌段共聚物表面活性剂的主要水溶液受到了广泛的描述,也称为泊洛沙姆,是本领域公知的。当在水中,或用水和共溶剂配成浓缩液时,泊洛沙姆仍然是易流动液体。这类系统最常报道的例子包括浓度范围是水中的组合物重量约10%-35%的泊洛沙姆407。这些组合物在室温下作为液体施用。它们在达到体温后形成凝胶。因此触发这些组合物转化成凝胶的是体温。
基于泊洛沙姆的药物组合物被生物学触发原位胶凝化是本领域已知的。例如Kim,C.K.,Lee,S.W.,Choi,H.G.,Lee,M.K.,Gao,Z.G.,Kim,I.S.和Park,K.M.:人体中原位胶凝化和粘膜粘附性醋氨酚液态栓剂的尝试,International Journalof Pharmaceutics,174卷,pp.201-207(1998),在此引入以供参考。Kim等公开了增强疼痛和发热缓解药物醋氨酚吸收的液态栓剂。
Colgate Palmolive Company于1993年10月26日提交的美国专利2,256,396(在此引入以供参考)公开了含有特定浓度的泊洛沙姆407和水的类似组合物。其它利用生物触发剂的产品包括含有泊洛沙姆范围优选12%-17%的那些。当与药物活性剂联合时,在牙根和牙床之间的牙龈空间中注射这些组合物。
泊洛沙姆代表了一大类分子量和认为是疏水的嵌段共聚物的百分数或比例改变的聚合物。可以在某种程度上预测其它来自该家族的具有相似液体/胶凝化特征的泊洛沙姆,仅缺乏了解所需的泊洛沙姆浓度。虽然这些组合物有大量用途,它们都依赖于相同的温度诱导水性泊洛沙姆分散体胶凝化的一般机制。然而,已发现本领域已知的组合物是不够的,因为这种凝胶结构容易溶于含水环境。
发明简述
本发明包括用于将组合物、材料和物质传递到湿润表面和水性环境的易流动液态载体。用这些易流动液态载体配制的组合物的好处包括:组合物。材料和物质保留在湿润的表面上。这反过来使得作用于目标表面上的载体中所需的组合物、材料和物质能有效输送,在水性环境中抵抗侵蚀或或流失。这种易流动液体载体具有许多应用,将各种材料传递到(包括但不限于)物体以及生体或活体,包括活动物的需清洁和治疗的表面。
本发明的另一个目的是利用这种易流动液态载体,将个人护理组合物和材料与物质传递给活生物,具体是哺乳动物,最具体是人。本发明的另一个目的是开发一种有效传递个人护理产品、材料和物质的方法。
发明详述
定义
下文限定了本文使用的术语。另外在Schramm,胶体和界面科学的语言,American Chemical Society(1993)中也描述了本领域使用的术语和一般概念,在此引入以供参考。
本文所用的术语“易流动液体”指本发明组合物在形成凝胶前的物理状态。
本文所用的术语“湿润的表面”指任何在内部或表面具有足够水分,以触发易流动液体快速转化成凝胶的任何有生命或无生命的表面。
本文所用的术语“原位胶凝化”指易流动液体在指定位点或表面转化成凝胶。
本文所用的术语“凝胶”描述了易流动液体与水或大部分是水的体液混合得到的物质。凝胶足够粘,能在施用或最终靶向的位点保留一段时间,足够让凝胶中的组合物、材料和物质在它们传递到达的位点产生所需的结果。
本文所用的术语“触发装置”意味着组合物外部诱导易流动液体转化成凝胶的刺激。
本文所用的术语“剪切”指当受到机械剪切力时,流体变形的速率。在简单流体剪切中,流体的连续层互相相对移动,从而使任何一层的移位与其相对于参照层的距离成正比。任何两层之间的相对位移除以其彼此分离的距离称为“剪切力”或“剪切应变”。随时间的剪切改变率称为“剪切速率”。
需要某种作用力以产生流体的变形。对于流体中某个点周围的平面面积,和在逐渐减少的面积的限度内。单位面积上与平面平行作用的变形力的分量是“剪切应力”。
粘性物质的“粘度”也称为粘性指数,定义为加到物质上的剪切应力除以它所导致的剪切速率之比。粘度越高的物质对流动或引起流动的力的阻力比粘度低的物质大。本文列出的所有粘度除非另外说明,其剪切速率大约是每秒50。可在能以受控模式进行一些操作的受控速率或受控应力旋转粘度计,例如Haake GmbH,Karlsruhe,Germany的Haake RS 150;TA Instruments,New Castle,Delaware的Carrimed CSL 500受控应力流速计;和Rheometric Scientific,Piscataway,NJ的Rheometric SR5测量本文提出的所有流变学特征。
特别是,当在正常环境温度(约25℃)下受到恒定的每秒50的剪切速率时,本发明液态组合物具有小于7帕斯卡秒,优选小于约2帕斯卡秒,更优选小于1帕斯卡秒的粘度。
组合物的触发粘度比(“T”)值用于测定组合物显示上述胶凝化特征的程度。测定触发粘度比的公式和方法如下。
理想的是本发明的组合物显示至少约1.3,优选至少约2,更优选至少约5,最优选至少约10的触发粘度比,其中触发粘度比定义为下式:
T=ηg/ηf其中ηg=凝胶的粘度,
ηf=易流动液体的粘度
必须选择并配制本发明易流动液体载体,使得所述载体与身体或其它某些体内的流体接触和混合时,触发易流动液体转化成更粘的凝胶样混合物。这些流体的例子是唾液、胃液、小肠液、在皮下的皮下注射位点、或在肌肉组织内的肌肉内注射位点存在的胞外液、脑脊液、阴道液、从开放伤口或溃疡流出的液体、泪液、直肠液、或任何含有大量水的动物的其它体液。换言之,在易流动液体载体与体液接触后,易流动液体载体的粘度变得大于混合前的易流动液体载体本身或体液单独的粘度。
可由本领域熟练技术人员用合适的粘度测量仪器测定易流动液体载体的触发粘度比,例如下列方法。第一,用25℃,剪切速率为每秒50在流速计中测定易流动液体载体的粘度(ηf)。为了测定ηf,将1毫升易流动液体载体置于Haake RS150流速计的盘上。温度控制在典型室温,约25℃范围内。在测量系统上用一个盖子,提供溶剂饱和的气氛,以防止在试验过程中水分、乙醇或其它挥发性组分从样品中蒸发。将35毫米直径的平行盘测量系统降到样品上,之间留1毫米空隙,加每秒约10的平衡剪切10秒钟。然后施加每秒50的恒定剪切率30秒。在30秒时间点从仪器上读出粘度ηf。
为了测定ηg,用水制备易流动液体载体的两种稀释液。第一种稀释液是用含75%重量的易流动液体载体和25%重量的水制备的。第二种稀释液是用含50%重量的易流动液体载体和50%重量的水制备的。在小指管中混合易流动液体载体和水,密封,防止组分蒸发。通过重复离心,用不寻常的方式混合小指管内容物。由于一些组合是非常粘的凝胶,这是必需的。特别是,在3000rpm和25℃离心小指管(用例如Beckman GS-6R离心机,购自Beckman Instruments,Palo Alto,CA)至少4次。每次离心后,倒转小指管。在离心机中再进行离心,确保完全混合。然后将1毫升胶凝化的样品加到用于测量ηf所用的同一流速计的盘上,除了温度控制在正常人体温37℃。用测量ηf相同的流速计测量程序。从ηf和ηg用上述公式计算25%和50%样品稀释度的触发粘度因子。发现这两种稀释度能用于在标准化方法中测量本发明的易流动液体载体的胶凝化功能度,因为某些易流动液体载体可能需要或多或少的水,以触发胶凝化。用其它测定ηg从5%到约70%的水稀释度也可预期得到本发明独特的胶凝化的特征,但得到最大T值的稀释度变化由测试的易流动液体载体决定。
构成本发明的所有成分的百分数在此以其在整个易流动液体载体中的重量表示。
本发明是一种易流动液体载体,含有:
(a)约26%-100%的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(b)约0%-70%的二醇;和
(c)约0%-50%的水;其中所述载体用于对湿润表面和水性环境传递组合物、材料和物质,所述载体具有小于或等于7帕斯卡-秒的粘度,T值大于或等于约1.3。
聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物
本文称作“泊洛沙姆”的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物是环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷的非离子性嵌段共聚物,对应下列结构:其中x、y和x’具有的数值使其中所述载体的粘度具有小于或等于7帕斯卡-秒的粘度值ηf,T值大于等于约1.3。优选本发明中使用的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物包括x值为约1-130,y值约1-72和x’约等于0-130,其中所述共聚物的平均分子量为约3,000-15,000。更优选x等于37,y等于58,x’等于37,平均分子量为6500。最优选的是x等于100,y等于70,x’等于100,平均分子量约12,600;
聚(氧乙烯)区段是亲水的,聚(氧丙烯)区段是疏水的。本发明中有用的泊洛沙姆的水平范围是约26%-100%,优选约27.8%-95%,更优选约30%-90%重量易流动液体载体。换言之,如果泊洛沙姆具有上述临界粘度,可单独使用或与其它组合物、材料或物质混合使用。
可购得一类泊洛沙姆,其嵌段数、整个平均分子量和亲水分子百分数可变。嵌段指单个聚氧乙烯或聚氧丙烯区段。已描述了二嵌段或三嵌段聚合物。对于三嵌段聚合物而言,可以一个聚氧丙烯嵌段被2个聚氧乙烯嵌段包围的形式安排嵌段,这是最常见的泊洛沙姆结构,或一个聚氧乙烯嵌段被2个聚氧丙烯嵌段包围,后者有时称为反泊洛沙姆。泊洛沙姆能用商品名Lutrol、Monolan或pluronic购得。已描述了化学结构、合成和性质[(聚(氧乙烯)/聚(氧丙烯)]嵌段共聚物表面活性剂,Paschalis Alexandridis,Current Opinions in Colloid and InterfaceScience,Vol.2,pp.478-489(1997),在此引入以供参考。
为了用于健康护理领域,实现本发明的组合物使用一组特定的药物学可接受的嵌段共聚物或泊洛沙姆。这些泊洛沙姆选自Pluronic F127、P105、F108及其混合物,都购自BASF公司。
二醇
除了泊洛沙姆,在本发明的一些易流动液体载体中需要二醇和泊洛沙姆混合,以控制易流动液体载体的粘度。这些二醇使易流动液体载体维持易流动性,同时含有非常高水平的泊洛沙姆,使施用方便,或使组合物能容易的通过注射器的针孔或其它给药装置。另外,这些二醇能作为药物活性物质或其它组合物成分的溶剂。本发明中二醇的水平是易流动液体载体的约0%-70%,优选约10%-70%,最优选是约7%-62%。
二醇是低分子量单或多元醇,选自单糖,如葡萄糖(右旋糖)、果糖(左旋糖);二糖,如蔗糖、乳糖、甘露糖、纤维双糖和其它糖、核糖、甘油、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、肌醇、丙二醇、半乳糖、甘露糖、木糖、鼠李糖、戊二醛、转化糖、乙醇、蜂蜜、甘露醇、聚乙二醇、甘油及其混合物。优选二醇选自乙醇、甘油和丙二醇及其混合物。纯乙醇购自Asper Alcohol & Chemical Co.Shelbyville,KY。
水
除了泊洛沙姆和/或二元醇,本发明的某些易流动液体载体中还需要含有水。水在易流动液体载体约0%-50%,优选约1%-46%,最优选约2%-41%的水平下是有用的。
优选例
本发明的优选例利用泊洛沙姆、多元醇和水,包括如下:
1.约26%-65%的Pluronic F127、约22%-38%的乙醇、和约8%-45%的水。
2.约52%-60%的Pluronic F108、约20%-25%的乙醇、和约17%-27%的水。
3.约25%-50%的Pluronic P105、约45%-65%的丙二醇、和约5%-20%的水。
4.约37%-77%的Pluronic P105、约12%-28%的乙醇、和约10%-45%的水。
5.约26%-49%的Pluronic F127、约2%-12%的乙醇、约30%-68%的丙二醇和约7%-40%的水。
要传递的物质
如前所述,本发明的易流动液体载体用作传递载体,传递能分散入该载体的所需组合物、材料和物质。这可包括需要在施用位点保持一段时间,传递益处的组合物、材料和物质。例子包括清洁洗涤盆、便器和浴缸表面的抗菌药;身体伤口;牙龈和颊组织和牙表面口腔治疗;消除有害植物、动物、病毒、细菌、昆虫等的农业用途。
本发明特别用于传递个人护理组合物、材料和物质。这些物质包括饮食组合物,其范围从促进营养或或减肥药物有效量的药剂,这些药剂选自抗菌物质、抗组胺药、镇咳药、消炎药、祛痰剂/溶粘蛋白剂、肥大细胞稳定剂、白三烯拮抗剂、甲黄嘌呤、抗氧化剂、类固醇、支气管扩张药、抗病毒剂、生物制剂、镇痛药、麻醉药、关节炎治疗药、平喘药、尿道杀菌剂、抗凝剂、抗惊厥剂、抗抑郁剂、抗糖尿病药、抗肿瘤药、抗精神病药、降压药、肌肉松弛剂、抗原生物剂及其混合物。
本发明的优选例涉及含有药物可接受的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物和二醇,联合药物活性剂的组合物。可通过本发明的实施例施用的合适药物种类包括:
抗菌物质:例如β-内酰胺抗生素,例如头孢菌素、n-氨基甲酰基噻嗯霉素和其它噻嗯霉素衍生物、四环素、氯霉素、新霉素、短杆菌肽、杆菌肽素、磺胺药;氨基糖苷抗生素,如庆大霉素、卡那霉素、氨丁卡霉素、西苏霉素和托布拉霉素;萘啶酸及类似物,如氟哌酸和氟丙氨酸/戊胺唑酮的抗菌药组合;呋喃西林及其混合物。
抗组胺药,包括安泰乐、吡拉明、苯茚胺、右氯苯那敏、氯马斯汀可那敏、氨斯汀、阿伐斯汀、左卡巴斯汀、美喹他嗪、阿司咪唑、依巴斯汀、氯雷他定、西替利嗪、特非那定、普鲁米近、晕海宁、敏克静、去敏灵、卡比沙明、赛庚啶、阿扎他定、溴苯那敏、丙吡咯啶、赛克利嗪、桑西胺、苯吡胺及其混合物。
镇咳药,包括氢可酮、诺斯卡品、苯佐那酯、苯海拉明、敌退咳、氯丁替诺、福米诺苯、海罂粟碱、福尔可定、镇咳嗪、氢吗啡酮、维静宁、卡腊米芬、左旋丙氧吩、可待因、美沙芬及其混合物。
消炎药,优选非甾体消炎药(NSAIDS)包括酮洛芬、吲哚洛芬、消炎痛、苏灵大、二氟尼柳、酮咯酸、吡罗昔康、甲氯芬那酸、消炎灵、卡洛芬、双氯芬酸、依托度酸、芬布芬、非诺洛芬、氟比洛芬、扑湿痛、萘丁美酮、保泰松、吡咯洛、托美丁、布洛芬、萘普生、萘普生钠、阿司匹林及其混合物。
祛痰剂/溶粘蛋白剂,包括安溴素、必消痰、松油二醇、愈创木酚甘油醚、碘化钾、N-乙酰半胱氨酸及其混合物。
肥大细胞稳定剂,优选鼻内或口腔给药的肥大细胞稳定剂,包括色甘酸、奥沙美特、酮替芬、洛草氨酸、奈多罗米及其混合物。
白三烯拮抗剂,包括齐留酮(zileuton)等。
甲黄嘌呤,包括咖啡碱、茶碱、恩丙茶碱、己酮可可碱、氨茶碱、喘定及其混合物。
抗氧化剂或辐射抑制剂,包括抗坏血酸、生育酚、比精醇(pycnogenol)及其混合物。
类固醇,优选鼻内给药的类固醇,包括,倍氯米松、氟替卡松、布地缩松、莫米松、去炎松、地塞米松、氟尼缩松、强的松、氢化可的松及其混合物。
支气管扩张药,优选用于吸入,包括沙丁胺醇、肾上腺素、麻黄碱、奥西那林、特布他林、异他林(isoetharine)、吡布特罗、比托特罗、非诺特罗、利米特罗、异丙托铵及其混合物。
抗病毒药,包括金刚烷胺、金刚乙胺、恩韦肟、壬苯醇醚、阿昔洛韦、α-干扰素、β-干扰素及其混合物。
生物制剂,包括细胞因子和细胞粘着分子抑制剂、ICAM拮抗剂、白细胞介素激动剂或拮抗剂、激素、多肽、氨基酸、核苷酸、抗体及其混合物。
镇痛药,例如阿司匹林、醋氨酚、二氟尼柳及其混合物。
麻醉药,例如利多卡因、普鲁卡因、苯佐卡因、木卡因及其混合物。
关节炎治疗药,例如保泰松、消炎痛、苏灵大、地塞米松、布洛芬、别嘌醇、羟保泰松、丙磺舒及其混合物。
平喘药,例如茶碱、麻黄碱、倍氯米松、二丙酸酯、肾上腺素及其混合物。
尿道抗感染剂,例如新明磺、甲氧苄啶、呋喃妥英、诺氟沙星及其混合物。
抗凝剂,例如肝素、双羟基香豆素、华法林及其混合物。
抗惊厥剂,例如苯妥英、地西泮及其混合物。
抗抑郁药,例如阿米替林、利眠宁、奋乃静、普罗替林、丙米嗪、多虑平及其混合物。
抗糖尿病药,例如胰岛素、甲糖宁、妥拉磺脲、醋磺己脲、氯磺丙脲及其混合物。
抗肿瘤药,例如阿霉素、氟尿嘧啶、氨甲蝶呤、天冬酰胺酶及其混合物。
抗精神病药,例如丙氯拉嗪、碳酸锂、柠檬酸锂、硫利哒嗪、吗啉吲酮、氟非那嗪、三氟拉嗪、奋乃静、阿米替林、三氟丙嗪及其混合物。
降压药,例如螺内酯、爱道美、肼苯哒嗪、氯压定、氯噻嗪、地舍平、噻吗洛尔、普萘洛尔、美托洛尔、盐酸哌唑嗪、利血平及其混合物。
肌肉松弛药,例如美法仑、丹曲洛林、环苯扎林、美索巴莫、地西泮及其混合物。
抗原虫剂,例如氯胺苯醇、氯喹、甲氧苄啶、新明磺及其混合物。
为了治疗阴道和尿道需要抗真菌药、杀阿米巴药、杀毛滴虫药或止痒药的病况,可使用下列药物:聚氧乙烯壬基苯酚、磺酸烷芳酯、硫酸羟基喹啉、硝酸咪康唑、磺胺、杀念珠菌素、磺胺异噁唑、利霉菌素、克霉唑、灭滴灵及其混合物;止痒剂,例如氯胺苯醇、氯喹、甲氧苄啶、新明磺及其混合物;抗病毒有效的化合物,例如金刚烷胺和干扰素。可用杀精剂如壬苯醇醚。
实施例
实施例I:治疗咳嗽的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
美沙芬碱 | 1.47 |
载体1 | 98.18 |
糖精钠 | 0.3 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.05 |
香料和色素 | 香料和色素 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluronic F127 | 55.51%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 26.48% |
水 | 18.01% |
制备:
在洁净容器中加入美沙芬碱、糖精钠和甘草酸一铵(monoammoniumGlycerizinate)。加入乙醇然后加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至澄清和均匀。
实施例II:治疗咳嗽和减充血的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
美沙芬碱 | 1.47 |
马来酸氯苯亚胺 | 0.26 |
载体1 | 97.92 |
糖精钠 | 0.3 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.05 |
香料和色素 | 如所需 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluronic F127 | 55.66%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 26.55% |
水 | 17.79% |
制备:
研磨并过筛马来酸氯苯亚胺,减小产物粒径。在洁净容器中加入马来酸氯苯亚胺、美沙芬碱、糖精钠和甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate)。加入乙醇,然后加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至悬液均匀。
实施例III:治疗喉咙痛的润喉组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 96.845 |
薄荷醇 | 1.00 |
苯佐卡因 | 2.00 |
桉树油 | 0.005 |
糖精钠 | 0.10 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.05 |
香料和色素 | 如所需 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluronic F108 | 56.79%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 21.69% |
水 | 21.52% |
制备:
研磨并过筛薄荷醇和苯佐卡因,减小产物粒径。在洁净容器中加入薄荷醇、苯佐卡因、糖精钠和甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate)。在容器中加入桉树油、乙醇。然后在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至均匀。
实施例IV:直肠传递醋氨酚的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 95.0 |
醋氨酚 | 5.0 |
1.载体含有(w/w%)
Pluronic P105 | 44.21%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
丙二醇 | 52.63% |
水 | 3.16% |
制备:
研磨并过筛醋氨酚,减小产物粒径。在洁净容器中加入醋氨酚。在容器中加入丙二醇。然后在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至均匀。
实施例V:局部传递麻醉药的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 98.0 |
酮洛芬 | 2.0 |
香料 | 如所需 |
1.载体含有(w/w%)
Pluronic F127 | 56.12%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 30.61% |
水 | 13.27% |
制备:
过筛酮洛芬,减小产物粒径。在洁净容器中加入酮洛芬。在容器中加入乙醇。然后在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至均匀。
实施例VI:局部传递麻醉药的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 95.0 |
布洛芬 | 5.0 |
香料 | 如所需 |
1.载体含有(w/w%)
Pluronic P105 | 63.16%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 18.95% |
水 | 17.89% |
制备:
过筛布洛芬,减小产物粒径。在洁净容器中加入布洛芬。在容器中加入乙醇。然后在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至均匀。
实施例VII:传递口腔抗微生物药的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 98.57 |
一磷酸三氯生 | 0.28 |
薄荷醇 | 1.00 |
糖精钠 | 0.10 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.05 |
香料和色素 | 如所需 |
1.载体含有(w/w%)
Pluronic F108 | 55.80%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 21.30% |
水 | 22.90% |
制备:
研磨并过筛薄荷醇和一磷酸三氯生,减小产物粒径。在洁净容器中加入薄荷醇、一磷酸三氯生、糖精钠和甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate)。在容器中加入丙二醇。然后在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至均匀。
实施例VIII:鼻内传递减充血剂的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 99.32 |
盐酸羟甲唑啉 | 0.05 |
泰洛沙泊 | 0.15 |
磷酸二氢钠 | 0.04 |
磷酸一氢钾 | 0.13 |
苯扎氯铵 | 0.04 |
葡糖酸洗必泰 | 0.26 |
EDTA二钠盐 | 0.01 |
1.载体含有(w/w%)
Pluronic F127 | 40.27%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 26.18% |
水 | 33.55% |
制备:
在洁净容器中加入磷酸二氢钠、磷酸一氢钾、EDTA二钠盐、苯扎氯铵和盐酸羟甲唑啉。在容器中加入泰洛沙泊、葡糖酸洗必泰和乙醇。然后在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至均匀。
实施例X:阴道内传递激素置换治疗剂的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 99.99 |
β-雌二醇 | 0.01 |
香料 | 如所需 |
1.载体含有(w/w%)
Pluronic P105 | 45.00%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
丙二醇 | 48.00% |
水 | 7.00% |
制备:
在洁净容器中加入β-雌二醇和丙二醇。然后在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和水。混合至均匀。
实施例XI:直肠内传递止吐药的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 99.75 |
盐酸普鲁米近 | 0.25 |
1.载体含有100.0%(w/w%)的Pluronic L62(BASF Specialty Chemicals,MountOlive,N.J.)。
制备:
研磨和过筛盐酸普鲁米近减小粒径。在容器中加入泊洛沙姆和盐酸普鲁米近。混合至均匀。
实施例XII:直肠内传递止吐药的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
载体1 | 98.75 |
卡波姆 | 1.00 |
盐酸普鲁米近 | 0.25 |
1.载体含有100.0%(w/w%)的Pluronic L62(BASF Specialty Chemicals,MountOlive,N.J.)。
2.卡巴浦尔974购自B.F.Goodrich公司,Brecksville.Ohio
制备:
研磨盐酸普鲁米近减小粒径。过筛卡波姆和盐酸普鲁米近,加到洁净容器中。加入泊洛沙姆,混合至均匀。
实施例XIII:治疗咳嗽的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
美沙芬碱 | 2.20 |
载体1 | 95.15 |
偏亚硫酸氢钠 | 0.10 |
EDTA二钠 | 0.10 |
糖精钠 | 0.40 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.15 |
乙酰舒泛 | 0.50 |
香料 | 1.40 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluronic F127 | 33.56%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 10.51% |
水 | 13.42% |
丙二醇 | 42.51% |
制备:
在洁净容器(主要混合器)中加入丙二醇和泊洛沙姆。一边搅拌,一边适当加热混合物,使泊洛沙姆充分融化。当获得均匀溶液时,离开热源继续混合。在另一个容器(酒精预混合器)中加入酒精、美沙芬碱和甘草酸一铵(monoammoniumGlycerizinate),混合至均匀。在另一个容器中(水预混合器)加入水、EDTA、糖精钠、乙酰舒泛和偏亚硫酸氢钠。混合至所有物质溶解。
将含有酒精的预混合物加到含有泊洛沙姆的主要混合容器中。混合至均匀。一边搅拌,一边在主要容器中加入含有水的预混合物,继续混合至均匀。然后,加入所需的香味组分,混合至均匀。
制备物具有0.67帕斯卡秒的粘度(ηf),在用水稀释到50%时具有10.5的触发粘度比。
实施例XIV:治疗咳嗽的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
美沙芬碱 | 2.20 |
载体1 | 95.15 |
偏亚硫酸氢钠 | 0.10 |
EDTA二钠 | 0.10 |
糖精钠 | 0.40 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.15 |
乙酰舒泛 | 0.50 |
香料 | 1.40 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluronic F127 | 29.08%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 10.51% |
水 | 24.61% |
丙二醇 | 35.80% |
制备:
在洁净容器(主要混合器)中加入丙二醇和泊洛沙姆。一边搅拌,一边适当加热混合物,使泊洛沙姆充分融化。一旦获得均匀溶液,离开热源继续混合。在另一个容器(酒精预混合器)中加入酒精、美沙芬碱和甘草酸一铵(monoammoniumGlycerizinate),混合至均匀。在另一个容器中(水预混合器)加入水、EDTA、糖精钠、乙酰舒泛和偏亚硫酸氢钠。混合至所有物质溶解。
将含有酒精的预混合物加到含有泊洛沙姆的主要混合容器中。混合至均匀。一边搅拌,一边在主要容器中加入含有水的预混合物,继续混合至均匀。然后,加入所需的香味组分,混合至均匀。
制备物中泊洛沙姆∶甘油∶水的比例是29.08∶46.31∶24.61。
制备物具有0.97帕斯卡秒的粘度(ηf),和在用水稀释到50%时具有4.95的触发粘度比。
实施例XV:治疗咳嗽的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
美沙芬碱 | 2.20 |
载体1 | 95.15 |
偏亚硫酸氢钠 | 0.10 |
EDTA二钠 | 0.10 |
糖精钠 | 0.40 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.15 |
乙酰舒泛 | 0.50 |
香料 | 1.40 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluronic F127 | 40.27%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 10.51% |
水 | 13.42% |
丙二醇 | 35.80% |
制备:
在洁净容器(主要混合器)中加入丙二醇和泊洛沙姆。一边搅拌,一边适当加热混合物,使泊洛沙姆充分融化。当获得均匀溶液时,离开热源继续混合。在另一个容器(酒精预混合器)中加入酒精、美沙芬碱和甘草酸一铵(monoammoniumGlycerizinate),混合至均匀。在另一个容器中(水预混合器)加入水、EDTA、糖精钠、乙酰舒泛和偏亚硫酸氢钠。混合至所有物质溶解。
将含有酒精的预混合物加到含有泊洛沙姆的主要混合容器中。混合至均匀。一边搅拌,一边在主要容器中加入含有水的预混合物,继续混合至均匀。然后,加入所需的香味组分,混合至均匀。
制备物中泊洛沙姆∶甘油∶水的比例是40.27∶46.31∶13.42。
制备物具有2.14帕斯卡秒的粘度(ηf),在用水稀释到50%时具有6.05的触发粘度比。
实施例XVI:治疗咳嗽的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
美沙芬碱 | 2.20 |
载体1 | 97.8 |
香料 | 1.40 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluraflo 1220 | 40.90%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 10.22% |
丙二醇 | 46.83% |
无水甘油 | 2.05 |
制备:
在洁净容器中称入美沙芬,加入乙醇,开始混合。加入丙二醇直到混合至均匀和澄清。加入Pluraflo并混合。加入甘油混合至均匀。
在洁净容器中加入丙二醇和Pluraflo(主要混合器)。搅拌。适当加热混合物,使泊洛沙姆充分融化。当获得均匀溶液时,离开热源继续混合。在另一个容器(酒精预混合器)中加入酒精、美沙芬碱和甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate),混合至均匀。在另一个容器中(水预混合器)加入水、EDTA、糖精钠、乙酰舒泛和偏亚硫酸氢钠。混合至所有物质溶解。
将含有酒精的预混合物加到含有泊洛沙姆的主要混合容器中。混合至均匀。一边搅拌,一边在主要容器中加入含有水的预混合物,继续混合至均匀。然后,加入所需的香味组分,混合至均匀。
制备物中泊洛沙姆∶甘油∶水的比例是29.08∶46.31∶24.61。
实施例XVII:治疗耳炎的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
氧氟沙星 | 0.30 |
载体1 | 98.95 |
香料 | 0.75 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluraflo 1220 | 45.48%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 5.05% |
丙二醇 | 41.23% |
无水甘油 | 8.24% |
制备:
在洁净容器中加入丙二醇、Pluraflo、甘油和乙醇。一边搅拌,一边加入氧氟沙星。搅拌直到获得澄清溶液。然后加入香料并混合均匀。
实施例XVIII:治疗青光眼的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
马来酸噻吗洛尔 | 0.25 |
载体1 | 99.75 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluraflo 1220 | 0.25%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 2.11% |
无水甘油 | 5.16 |
制备:
在洁净容器中加入甘油、乙醇和Pluraflo。加入噻吗洛尔。轻微覆盖并搅拌直到获得澄清溶液。
实施例XIX:治疗溃疡的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
奥美拉唑(游离碱) | 2.00 |
载体1 | 95.89 |
偏亚硫酸氢钠 | 0.10 |
EDTA二钠 | 0.10 |
糖精钠 | 0.25 |
甘草酸一铵(monoammonium Glycerizinate) | 0.11 |
香料 | 1.20 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluronic F127 | 34.07%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
乙醇 | 10.43% |
水 | 13.32% |
丙二醇 | 42.18% |
制备:
在洁净容器(主要混合器)中加入丙二醇和泊洛沙姆。一边搅拌,一边适当加热混合物,使泊洛沙姆充分融化。当获得均匀溶液时,离开热源继续混合。在另一个容器(酒精预混合器)中加入酒精、奥美拉唑碱和甘草酸一铵(monoammoniumGlycerizinate),混合至均匀。在另一个容器中(水预混合器)加入水、EDTA、糖精钠、乙酰舒泛和偏亚硫酸氢钠。混合至所有物质溶解。
将含有酒精的预混合物加到含有泊洛沙姆的主要混合容器中。混合至均匀。一边搅拌,一边在主要容器中加入含有水的预混合物,继续混合至均匀。然后,加入所需的香味组分,混合至均匀。
实施例XX:食欲抑制药控释组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
苯丙醇胺 | 3.3 |
载体1 | 96.5 |
偏亚硫酸氢钠 | 0.10 |
EDTA二钠 | 0.10 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluraflo 1220 | 70.12%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
丙二醇 | 11.27 |
乙醇 | 2.26 |
无水甘油 | 16.35 |
制备:
在洁净容器中加入酒精、丙二醇和苯丙醇胺,开始搅拌。然后在容器中加入Pluraflo和二醇。混合至均匀。可将该液体填入硬明胶胶囊中,然后嵌带防止渗漏,或可用它作为软弹性明胶胶囊的填充物。
制备了一个含有0.75毫升液体的胶囊,每日服用3次,以控制苯丙醇胺活性的释放。吞服后,明胶壳在胃肠道中溶解,液体填充物立即转化为缓慢溶解的凝胶,提供了苯丙醇胺的控释。
实施例XXI:注射镇痛药的组合物
组分 | %(w/w) |
硫酸吗啡 | 1.0 |
载体1 | 99.0 |
1.载体含有(w/w%):
Pluraflo 1220 | 52.63%(BASF Specialty Chemicals,Mount Olive,N.J.) |
丙二醇 | 35.79% |
乙醇 | 3.16% |
制备:
在洁净容器中加入丙二醇、乙醇、甘油和硫酸吗啡,并开始混合。然后加入泊洛沙姆(Pluraflo),混合直到均匀。
当肌肉内注射1毫升时,组合物提供了缓解疼痛的作用。
Claims (21)
1.一种易流动液体载体,其特征在于,该载体含有:
(d)约26%-100%的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(e)约0%-70%二醇;和
(f)约0%-50%水;
其中所述载体用于对湿润表面和水性环境传递组合物、材料和物质,所述载体具有小于或等于7帕斯卡-秒的粘度值ηf和大于或等于约1.3的T值。
3.如权利要求2所述的载体,其特征在于,该载体含有约27.8%-95%的药物学上可接受的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物,其中所述载体具有小于或等于2帕斯卡-秒的粘度ηf和大于或等于2的T值。
4.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有约30%-90%的药物学上可接受的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物,其中所述载体具有小于或等于2帕斯卡-秒的粘度ηf和大于或等于5的T值。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有约10%-70%的二醇。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述二醇选自单糖、二糖、核糖、甘油、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、环己六醇、丙二醇、半乳糖、甘露糖、木糖、鼠李糖、戊二醛、转化糖、乙醇、蜂蜜、甘露醇、聚乙二醇、甘油及其混合物。
7.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有约1%-46%的水。
8.一种易流动液体载体,其特征在于,该载体含有:
(a)约26%-100%聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(b)约0%-70%甘醇;和
(c)约0%-50%水;
其中所述载体用于对湿润表面和水性环境传递药物活性物质,所述载体具有小于或等于7帕斯卡-秒的粘度ηf,和大于或等于约1.3的T值。
10.如权利要求9所述的载体,其特征在于,该载体含有约27.8%-95%的药物学上可接受的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物,其中所述载体具有小于或等于2帕斯卡-秒的粘度ηf和大于或等于2的T值。
11.如权利要求10所述的载体,其特征在于,该载体含有约30%-90%的药物学上可接受的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物,其中所述载体具有小于或等于2帕斯卡-秒的粘度ηf和大于或等于10的T值。
12.如权利要求9所述的载体,其特征在于,所述聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物中x值是约1-130,y值是约1-72,x’值是约0-130,其中所述共聚物的平均分子量是约3000-15,000。
13.如权利要求8所述的载体,其特征在于,该载体含有约7%-62%的二醇。
14.如权利要求13所述的载体,其特征在于,所述二醇选自单糖、二糖、核糖、甘油、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、环己六醇、丙二醇、半乳糖、甘露糖、木糖、鼠李糖、戊二醛、转化糖、乙醇、蜂蜜、甘露醇、聚乙二醇、甘油及其混合物。
15.如权利要求8所述的载体,其特征在于,该载体含有约2%-41%的水。
16.如权利要求8所述的载体,其特征在于:
(a)x值等于100,y等于70,x’等于100,平均分子量约12,600的约26%-65%的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(b)约2%-38%的乙醇;和
(c)约8%-45%的水。
17.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有:
(a)x值等于37,y等于58,x’等于37,平均分子量约6500的约25%-50%的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(b)约45%-65%的丙二醇;和
(c)约5%-20%的水。
18.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有:
(a)x值等于128,y等于58,x’等于128,平均分子量约14,600的约52%-60%的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(b)约2%-25%的乙醇;和
(c)约17%-27%的水。
19.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有:
(a)x值等于37,y等于58,x’等于37,平均分子量约6500的约37%-77%的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(b)约2%-28%的乙醇;和
(c)约10%-45%的水。
20.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有:
(a)x值等于100,y等于70,x’等于100,平均分子量约12,600的约26%-49%的聚氧化烯嵌段共聚物;
(b)约2%-12%的乙醇;
(c)约30%-68%的丙二醇;和
(d)约7%-40%的水。
21.一种对哺乳动物传递药物活性物质的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括对所述哺乳动物上或体内的湿润位点施用权利要求8所述的易流动液体载体,其中所述载体具有小于或等于7帕斯卡-秒的粘度ηf和大于或等于1.4的T值。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US15326099P | 1999-09-11 | 1999-09-11 | |
US60/153,260 | 1999-09-11 |
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CN1373674A true CN1373674A (zh) | 2002-10-09 |
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CN00812639A Pending CN1373674A (zh) | 1999-09-11 | 2000-09-11 | 易流动液体载体 |
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US (1) | US6503955B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1212091B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003509350A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1373674A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE355082T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU770516B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2383570C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60033671T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2282134T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA02002607A (zh) |
TR (1) | TR200200616T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001019329A2 (zh) |
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- 2000-09-11 JP JP2001522965A patent/JP2003509350A/ja active Pending
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- 2000-09-11 CA CA002383570A patent/CA2383570C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1311873C (zh) * | 2004-06-30 | 2007-04-25 | 上海复康医药科技发展有限公司 | 一种温度敏感的阴道用原位凝胶制剂 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1212091B1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
DE60033671D1 (de) | 2007-04-12 |
AU7128200A (en) | 2001-04-17 |
JP2003509350A (ja) | 2003-03-11 |
ES2282134T3 (es) | 2007-10-16 |
ATE355082T1 (de) | 2006-03-15 |
CA2383570C (en) | 2008-08-12 |
AU770516B2 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
WO2001019329A3 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
TR200200616T2 (tr) | 2002-06-21 |
WO2001019329A2 (en) | 2001-03-22 |
DE60033671T2 (de) | 2007-12-06 |
EP1212091A2 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
US6503955B1 (en) | 2003-01-07 |
MXPA02002607A (es) | 2002-07-30 |
CA2383570A1 (en) | 2001-03-22 |
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