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CN1233300C - 多功能手术解剖器 - Google Patents

多功能手术解剖器 Download PDF

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CN1233300C
CN1233300C CN03115446.8A CN03115446A CN1233300C CN 1233300 C CN1233300 C CN 1233300C CN 03115446 A CN03115446 A CN 03115446A CN 1233300 C CN1233300 C CN 1233300C
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CN1440728A (zh
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彭淑牖
苏英
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Zhejiang Shuyou Instrument And Equipment Co ltd
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B2218/00Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
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    • A61B2218/007Aspiration
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2218/00Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2218/001Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body having means for irrigation and/or aspiration of substances to and/or from the surgical site
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    • A61B2218/008Aspiration for smoke evacuation

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种手术解剖器,包括:一壳体,该壳体具有一第一端和一第二端,在所述第一端上形成有一吸引口;一设置在所述壳体内的电路板;一电凝开关;一电切开关;一设置于所述壳体内并从所述壳体的第二端伸出的管件,所述管件的伸出端具有一用于对手术部位进行吸引和/或钝切和/或刮扒和/或推剥的装置;一设置于所述壳体内并从所述壳体的第二端伸出的电刀,所述电刀电连通于所述电路板,从而具有所述的电凝和/或电切功能;以及一用于使所述管件和所述电刀作相对伸缩运动的伸缩装置。借助本发明的手术解剖器,可以额外提供钝切、刮扒和推剥等有利于手术进行的动作,另外,本发明手术解剖器的多用管还能随意转动,能符合不同使用习惯。

Description

多功能手术解剖器
技术领域
本发明总的涉及一种医疗器械,特别是涉及一种供外科手术用的解剖器械。
背景技术
传统的手术刀相比,电刀具有出血少、效率高的优点,因而已经成为很多外科医生的必选的器械。然而,在利用电刀进行切割分离(电切)和/或止血(电凝)的过程中,往往会产生烟雾,干扰手术视野。另外,手术过程中产生的血液和碎屑也会对手术造成影响。为清除这些烟雾、血液和碎屑,就需要用一吸引器跟随电刀同步地进行吸除。
起初,电刀和吸引器是分开的,但这样往往就要占用外科医生的两只手,或者需要两个人来进行操作,从而给手术带来麻烦。另外,使用分开的吸引器还会给手术的精确定位造成困难。因此,已经有人发明了将电刀和吸引器集为一体从而同时具有电切、电凝和吸引功能的手术解剖器,例如美国专利5,071,418、5,246,440、5,318,565和5,413,575就揭示了这样的手术解剖器。
然而,虽然上述美国专利所揭示的手术解剖器各不相同,但它们都具有结构复杂、笨重、使用不便的缺点。重要的是,这些现有的手术解剖器都包括一个电刀部分和一个吸引器部分,用电刀来实现电凝和电切,用吸引器来实现吸引。这样就僵硬地限制了电刀和吸引器的功能,没有对吸引器加以更好地利用。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明的目的在于,提供一种结构简单,使用方便,能同时进行电凝、电切和吸引的多功能手术解剖器。
本发明的另一个目的在于,提供一种具有钝切、刮扒和推剥功能的多功能手术解剖器。
发明的又一个目的在于,提供一种可随意转动、能符合不同使用习惯的多功能手术解剖器。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种手术解剖器,包括:一壳体,该壳体具有一第一端和一第二端,在所述第一端上形成有一吸引口;一设置在所述壳体内的电路板;一设置在所述壳体上、用于接通所述电路板的电凝功能的第一开关;一设置在所述壳体上、用于接通所述电路板的电切功能的第二开关;一设置于所述壳体内并从所述壳体的第二端伸出的管件,所述管件的伸出端具有一用于对手术部位进行吸引和/或钝切和/或刮扒和/或推剥的斜面;一设置于所述壳体内并从所述壳体的第二端伸出的电刀,所述电刀电连通于所述电路板,从而具有所述的电凝和/或电切功能,所述电刀的刀头呈片状,除刀头以外的部分是管状的,并形成一吸引通道;以及一用于使所述管件和所述电刀作相对伸缩运动的伸缩装置。
本发明的手术解剖器具有结构简单、使用方便的优点。特别是,借助本发明的手术解剖器,除了已有技术所具有的电凝、电切和吸引功能之外,还可以额外提供钝切、刮扒和推剥等有利于手术进行的动作。另外,本发明的手术解剖器的多用管还能随意转动,能符合不同使用习惯。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一较佳实施例的手术解剖器的立体图;
图2a是该手术解剖器的部分纵剖视图;
图2b是手术解剖器的电刀缩回的局部示意图;
图3是伸缩键及其周围结构的局部放大示意图;
图4是沿图3中的线4-4剖取的剖视图;
图5是根据另一实施例的伸缩键及其周围结构的局部放大示意图;
图6是沿图5中的线6-6剖取的剖视图;
图7a是根据本发明另一实施例的手术解剖器的前视剖视图,其中电刀处于伸出状态;
图7b是该手术解剖器的俯视剖视图,其中电刀处于被伸出的多用管覆盖的状态;
图8是示出该手术解剖器的多用管定位结构的局部示意图;以及
图9是沿图8中的箭头K方向看到的视图。
具体实施方式
首先请参见图1,根据本发明一较佳实施例的手术解剖器1包括一由上壳2和下壳3组成的细长壳体。在壳体的一端形成有一吸引口4,用以连接吸引软管(未图示),进而连接至真空吸引源。在壳体的一个侧面上形成有一电凝揿点5和一电切揿点6,用以切换电凝和电切的功能。在壳体的另一个侧面上形成有一滑槽7,一伸缩键8可滑动地设置于其中。一金属制的多用管9设置在壳体中,其一端连通于所述吸引口4,而另一端则从壳体的另一端伸出,该多用管的从壳体伸出的末端11成斜面状,斜面的角度可例如为大约45度。所谓“多用管”是指该管件不但具有原来吸引管的功能,而且还具有电凝、电切的作用,这里的电切动作不同于电刀的普通切割,而是利用斜面状末端11进行钝性切割(钝切)以及刮扒和推剥等动作,可在手术过程中起很大的作用。为安全起见,在多用管9的外周覆有一例如塑料制的绝缘管10。一金属制的电刀12可相对伸缩地设置在多用管9中,其伸缩结构将在下文中作详细说明。在该实施例中,电刀12的刀头呈片状,而除刀头以外的部分也是管状的,与多用管9形成导电接触,并形成一吸引通道。如果需要,也可以采用整个为片状的电刀,这时就直接由多用管9形成一吸引通道。为防止焦痂积聚,可以在多用管9和电刀12上涂敷防粘材料,例如聚四氟乙烯。另外,还可以另外配置通条(未图示),以起到通阻、防粘的作用。
参见图2a,其详细示出了手术解剖器1的内部结构。从该图中可以看出,电凝揿点5和电切揿点6通过弹簧片13作用于电路板14。电路板14通过电源线15电连接至电刀12,并通过电源线和插头16连接至专用的高频仪器(未图示)。多用管9和电刀12可作相对的伸缩运动,图2a示出了电刀12相对伸出的状态,而图2b示出了电刀12相对缩回的状态。重要的是,由于电刀12与多用管9形成导电接触,从而使多用管9也具有电凝和电切功能。因此,在手术过程中,除了可将多用管9用于持续吸引之外,末端11的尖端部分可放电,进行电凝和电切,而整个斜面可作刮扒、推剥之用。借助多用管9的这些功能,可形成一种新颖的“刮吸”手术方法,特别适用于肝、胆、胰等普通外科手术。
图3和4示出伸缩键8及其周围结构。伸缩键8包括一大致为半圆形的抱箍81,该抱箍套设在多用管9上,以带动多用管9前后移动。应注意的是,相对于伸缩键8而言,多用管9在前后方向上是固定不动的,但可沿周向转动,这又是本发明的一个新颖的特征。由于多用管9可转动,使用者可根据其意愿使末端11的斜面呈不同的取向,从而便于进行不同部位的吸引和电凝、电切工作。另外,在握持解剖器1时,不同的外科医生可能会有不同的使用习惯,例如有人习惯用大拇指揿压电凝和电切揿点,而另一些人则习惯用食指来揿压。由于多用管9可转动至不同的角度,因而能满足上述的不同的使用习惯。多用管9在前后方向上的相对固定可通过去除一部分绝缘管10而形成一凹槽,并使伸缩键8卡配在该凹槽中而实现。多用管9相对于伸缩键8的转动可以靠摩擦来定位,也可以采用以下将要描述的定位结构来实现定位。
图5和6示出了一种多用管定位结构。如图所示,可以沿抱箍81的圆周方向设置一凹口811,而在多用管9上设置一个止动凸点91(可以用例如焊接或冲压等手段来形成)。凹口811的深度可按需设置,一般可将其设定为有大约1/4圆周那么深。这样,当多用管9转动大约90度时,止动凸点91与凹口811的底部相接触,从而使多用管9不能再进一步的转动。
图7a和7b示出了根据另一实施例的手术解剖器,其具有另一种定位结构。如图所示,在多用管9的尾端设置有一大致为L形的凹口92,而在电刀12上设置有一止动凸点121。L形凹口92深度大致等于伸缩键8的行程。如图7a所示,当伸缩键8到达上止点位置时,止动凸点121与凹口92的底部相接触,多用管9完全缩回,使电刀12处于完全暴露状态。如图7b所示,当伸缩键8到达下止点位置时,多用管9完全伸出,使电刀12处于缩回状态。这时,止动凸点121到达L形凹口92的“L”形的竖边与横边的交界处,在此状态下即可转动多用管9,直到止动凸点121与“L”形的横边末端相接触。多用管9的转动角度也可按需设置,即只要适当地设定凹口92的“L”形横边的长度即可。在该实施例中,也是将“L”的横边长度设定为大约1/4圆周,从而使多用管的可转动角度约为90度。
图8和9更清楚地示出了上述定位结构的细节。在图8中,止动凸点121到达L形凹口92的“L”形的竖边与横边的交界处,在此状态下即可转动多用管9,使之呈现不同的角度。图9是沿图8中的箭头K方向的视图,从中可以清楚地看到止动凸点121与凹口92的配合情况。
下面将描述本发明的多功能手术解剖器的使用情况。
在手术过程中,外科医生可根据需要通过伸缩键8来切换电刀12和多用管9的使用。当要进行锐性切割时,可将伸缩键8向后,暴露出电刀12进行电凝和电切。与此同时,可利用多用管9并借助真空吸引源进行吸引,除去手术过程中所形成的血液、碎屑和烟雾。当要进行钝切、刮扒或推剥动作时,可将伸缩键8向前,使电刀12被多用管9覆盖,这样就能利用多用管9的斜面尖端进行电凝和电切,并利用整个斜面进行刮扒和推剥。与此同时,多用管9仍能进行吸引,以除去手术过程中出现的血液、碎屑和烟雾。此外,在需要时,可将多用管9转动一定的角度,以满足不同的操作需求,或迎合不同的使用习惯。
另外,为防止焦痂积聚,也可以用无毒塑料(例如ABS或聚丙烯)来制作多用管9。当然,由于不再导电,这时的多用管9就不具有电凝和电切的功能。然而,在具体操作时,只要将电刀12从多用管9略微伸出,就同样能进行电凝和电切。
以上虽然结合若干个较佳实施例对本发明进行了描述,但熟悉本领域的人员显然可以在以上描述的基础上作出各种等同的变换而不偏离本发明的保护范围。具体地说,与上述各实施例不同的是,可以将电刀12设置在多用管9外侧,并将伸缩键8连接于电刀12,使之作伸缩运动。另外,还可以将电刀12和多用管9并列地设置,并将伸缩键8连接于其中任何一个而使两者作相对的伸缩运动。还有,如果需要,也可以将电刀12设定成可转动,以满足不同的使用需求,这可以通过与上述类似的转动和定位结构(如果需要)来实现。因此,本发明的保护范围应由所附权利要求书而不是由以上具体描述的内容来限定。

Claims (9)

1.一种手术解剖器,包括:
一壳体,该壳体具有一第一端和一第二端,在所述第一端上形成有一吸引口;
一设置在所述壳体内的电路板;
一设置在所述壳体上、用于接通所述电路板的电凝功能的第一开关;
一设置在所述壳体上、用于接通所述电路板的电切功能的第二开关;
一设置于所述壳体内并从所述壳体的第二端伸出的管件,所述管件的伸出端具有一用于对手术部位进行吸引和/或钝切和/或刮扒和/或推剥的斜面;
一设置于所述壳体内并从所述壳体的第二端伸出的电刀,所述电刀电连通于所述电路板,从而具有所述的电凝和/或电切功能,所述电刀的刀头呈片状,除刀头以外的部分是管状的,并形成一吸引通道;以及
一用于使所述管件和所述电刀作相对伸缩运动的伸缩装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,所述管件电连通于所述电刀,从而具有所述的电凝和/或电切功能。
3.如权利要求1所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,所述电刀设置在所述管件内。
4.如权利要求3所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,所述伸缩装置连接于所述管件,藉以使所述管件相对于所述电刀作伸缩运动。
5.如权利要求1所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,还包括用于使所述管件转动的装置。
6.如权利要求3所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,所述伸缩装置包括一为半圆形的抱箍,所述抱箍套设在所述管件上。
7.如权利要求6所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,沿所述抱箍的圆周方向设置有一凹口,而在所述管件上设置有一止动凸点。
8.如权利要求6所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,在所述管件的内端设置有一为L形的凹口,而在所述电刀上设置有一止动凸点。
9.如权利要求1所述的手术解剖器,其特征在于,所述管件是用金属或塑料制成的。
CN03115446.8A 2003-02-19 2003-02-19 多功能手术解剖器 Expired - Lifetime CN1233300C (zh)

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