CN1283455C - 包含热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的仪表板 - Google Patents
包含热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的仪表板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1283455C CN1283455C CNB028253094A CN02825309A CN1283455C CN 1283455 C CN1283455 C CN 1283455C CN B028253094 A CNB028253094 A CN B028253094A CN 02825309 A CN02825309 A CN 02825309A CN 1283455 C CN1283455 C CN 1283455C
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- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFHBJXIEBWOOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-3,6-dioxabicyclo[6.2.2]dodeca-1(10),8,11-triene-2,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(C)COC(=O)C2=CC=C1C=C2 SFHBJXIEBWOOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical class C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K37/00—Dashboards
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G63/668—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/672—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/003—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/18—Slush casting, i.e. pouring moulding material into a hollow mould with excess material being poured off
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08L67/025—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds containing polyether sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
- B29L2031/3008—Instrument panels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Instrument Panels (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种仪表板,其包含热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层,该组合物包含至少一种共聚多醚酯作为其主要成分,该共聚多醚酯基本上由聚酯硬链段和聚醚柔性链段组成,该硬链段由来源于至少一种亚烷基二醇和至少一种芳香族二羧酸或其酯构成,柔性链段来源于聚(环氧丙烷)二醇。按照本发明的仪表板具有一个表层,其具有高均匀性、非常好的低温性能及较高的抗长期热老化性并显示出对其它材料的优良粘合性。
Description
本发明涉及一种包含热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的仪表板。
这样的仪表板已知在EAutomotive Engineering,May 1997,43-45页公开。
仪表板,例如汽车仪表板,也指前围板,通常是复合制品,其包含结构元件、泡沫层和表层或罩层。表层可以是实际的顶层或涂覆有例如漆层的层。多种热塑性材料可以用作这样的层。常用的材料是聚氯乙烯(PVC)组合物,其包括PVC/ABS共混物,这是因为其具有低价格和良好的加工特性。然而PVC组合物的使用也面临越来越大的阻力,这是因为环境的原因,其涉及很高的氯含量,还因为其性能问题,比如这些组合物所含的增塑剂导致的雾化现象和在低温下的脆性。已经证实了几种可替代的材料,比如热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)组合物(例如在EP 1033379 A2中),基于聚烯烃的热塑性流化橡胶(TPV;例如WO9821273 A2),基于烯烃和极性和/或功能性单体的共聚物的组合物(例如WO 0063286 A1),或基于共轭二烯烃和苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物的弹性体组合物(例如WO 9932558 A1)。这些材料没有一个看来可以提供所需的综合性质,但却不利地具有很高的成本、不足的抗冷冲击性能、较低的耐磨性及抗划伤性、不足的耐化学腐蚀性、低劣的长期热老化性或这些缺陷中的几种。鉴于关于例如头部碰撞及安全气囊门展开的更严格的标准,低温性能在材料选择上变得越来越具有决定性。最近的测试标准要求在-35℃时安全气囊的受控打开不会释放出小颗粒或破裂。如果希望安全气囊形成为仪表板整体的一部分并且从外观上实际看不出来,则后一方面甚至更为重要。在Automotive Engineering,May 1997所刊登的文献中,大都指出热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物作为仪表板中表层替代材料具有很高的潜力。
已知的包含一层热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物的仪表板的一个缺陷在于其或者不能满足关于冲击及安全气囊门展开的严格低温标准或者即便满足这一标准却损失了某些耐高温性能。
因此本发明的目的是提供一种不会产生所述性能问题的仪表板。
根据本发明该目的是这样实现的,即具有热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的仪表板,其组合物包含至少一种形成连续相的并基本上由聚酯硬链段和聚醚柔性链段组成的共聚多醚酯,聚酯硬链段由来源于至少一种亚烃基二醇和至少一种芳香族二羧酸或其酯的重复单元构成,聚醚柔性链段来源于环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种通过冷凝模塑制备热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的方法,其中该热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物包含至少一种共聚多醚酯,该共聚多醚酯形成连续相并基本上由聚酯硬链段和聚醚柔性链段组成,聚酯硬链段由来源于至少一种亚烷基二醇和至少一种芳族二羧酸或其酯的重复单元构成,所述聚醚柔性链段来源于环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇。
按照本发明的包含热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的仪表板在低温下甚至低于-35℃时显示出优良的性能,并且当经受长期高温(例如120℃)老化测试时仍能保持其物理特性。
按照本发明的仪表板的另一优点是其可以包含顶部翻转的(flip-top)或不可见的整体式安全气囊门。这种安全气囊门通过了在-35℃的展开测试,其可受控打开且不会释放小颗粒或破裂。根据本发明的仪表板的另一个优点是当经受长期高温(如120℃)比如当汽车暴晒于太阳下时其不会雾化。按照本发明的仪表板的另一优点在于热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层对多种其它材料显示出良好的粘合性,包括对涂覆于其上的涂料和油漆层,以及对聚氨酯泡沫材料,在聚氨酯泡沫材料上组合物层直接作为(表)层而不需粘合促进剂。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层是仪表板的表层。热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物可以以任何所需的颜色和色泽进行大规模着色,具有较高的热稳定性和颜色稳定性及优良的耐磨性。因此,不需要会增加面板成本价格的涂覆层。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方式中,仪表板是具有实际不可见的整体式安全气囊门的汽车仪表板。构成仪表板层的热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物具有卓越的低温性能,其使得仪表盘的美学设计成为可能,而不会牺牲在高温下的性能。这种具有整体式安全气囊门的仪表板在-35℃下通过了最严格的安全气囊展开测试,该气囊在-35℃受控打开并且不会释放小颗粒或破裂。
热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物应当理解为这样一种组合物,其包含至少一种共聚多酯弹性体作为主要组分。主要组分应当理解为至少一种共聚多酯弹性体形成该组合物的连续相或该组合物的基质。
热塑性共聚多酯弹性体也被称为链段共聚多酯(segmented copolyester)或嵌段共聚多酯(block copolyester)。这样的链段共聚多酯应当理解为是这样一种链段共聚物,其包含聚酯硬链段和弹性聚合物柔性链段;其基本上是一种非晶态聚合物,该聚合物具有低于0℃的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。柔性链段的例子是来源于脂肪族聚酯、聚碳酸酯或脂肪族聚醚的链段。后面的链段共聚多酯也被称为共聚多醚酯。
在共聚多酯弹性体组合物中的共聚多醚酯具有来源于聚(环氧丙烷)二醇的聚醚柔性链段,该组合物形成按照本发明仪表板的层。在聚(环氧丙烷)二醇中的二醇应当理解为聚(环氧丙烷)基本上以羟基基团作为端基;其具有大约1.7-2.3的羟基官能度。更低官能度将阻碍足够高摩尔量的共聚多醚酯的合成;更高的官能度将导致链支化的非理想增长或甚至导致共聚多醚酯的交联。因此羟基官能度的优选值为1.8-2.2,更优选1.9-2.1,尤其优选为约2。在当前应用的范畴内,聚(环氧丙烷)应当理解为指这样一种共聚物,其为环氧丙烷和任选的另外一种具有1-6个碳原子的环氧烷的共聚物,共聚物中的环氧丙烷的摩尔百分比至少为50%,优选至少为60%。适宜的环氧烷例如是环氧乙烷、四氢呋喃、四甲撑氧(tetramethylene oxide)或环氧新戊烷。优选四甲撑氧和/或环氧新戊烷用作与环氧丙烷在无规共聚物中的共聚单体。此类共聚物的优势是低Tg,并且导致包含这些共聚物作为柔性链段的共聚多醚酯具有优良的低温性能。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,共聚多酯弹性体组合物包含共聚多醚酯,该共聚多醚酯具有来源于以环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇的聚醚柔性链段。以环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇是指三嵌段共聚物,该三嵌段共聚物以如上限定的聚(环氧丙烷)为中心嵌段并以聚(环氧乙烷)为两个端嵌段。此类聚醚作为柔性链段的优势包括其在聚醚酯合成中的羟基官能度和优良的反应性及相容性。在柔性嵌段中环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷的质量比可以在很大的范围内变动,例如20∶1到1∶6,但是优选10∶1到1∶1。此类聚醚链段的优势包括聚醚酯在高温下更好的性能和更为容易的加工性能,例如中空模制制品的更好脱模。在不希望束缚于任何理论的情况下,发明人假定这涉及在共聚多醚酯中聚酯硬链段结晶性的更好保留。
优选地,聚醚链段的Tg低于-20℃,更优选低于-40℃,最优选低于-50℃。柔性链段的摩尔量可以在一个很大的范围内变动,但优选摩尔量在400-6000g/mol间选择,更优选500-4000g/mol,最优选750-3000g/mol。其优势是改善低温性能同时保留在高温下的性能。
在形成按照本发明仪表板的共聚多酯弹性体组合物中,至少一种共聚多醚酯包含硬链段,该链段由重复单元构成,所述重复单元来源于至少一种亚烃基二醇和至少一种芳香族二羧酸或其酯。亚烃基二醇通常包含2-6个碳原子,优选2-4个碳原子。其例子包括乙二醇、丙二醇和丁二醇。优选使用1,4-丁二醇。适宜的芳香族二羧酸例子包括对苯二酸、2,6-萘二羧酸、4,4’-联苯二羧酸或其组合。其优势在于最终聚酯通常是半结晶,其熔点在150℃以上,优选175℃以上,更优选190℃以上。硬链段可以任选进一步包括少量的单元,所述单元来源于其它二羧酸,例如间苯二甲酸,其通常降低聚酯的熔点。其它二羧酸的数量优选限定于不超过10%摩尔百分比,更优选不超过5%摩尔百分比,以此确保在其它情况下共聚多醚酯的结晶性能不受相反影响。硬链段优选由对苯二甲酸亚乙酯、对苯二甲酸亚丙酯(propylene terephthalate)构成,特别优选由对苯二甲酸亚丁酯(butylenes terephthalate)作为重复单元构成。这些易获得单元的优势包括有利的结晶性能和高熔点,形成具有优良加工性能和出色的耐热性和耐化学腐蚀性的共聚多醚酯。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方式中,聚醚酯中硬链段由重复单元构成,所述重复单元来源于乙二醇、4,4’-联苯二羧酸、对苯二酸和/或2-6萘二羧酸和任选的少量其它二酸和/或二醇。这些共聚多醚酯显示出高结晶熔点,和从熔融态一经冷却快速结晶。
形成仪表板层的组合物中的共聚多醚酯中的柔性链段与硬链段的比率可以在很大范围内变动,但是优选地被如此选择,以获得相对低硬度的共聚多醚酯。优选共聚多醚酯的硬度低于46Shore D,更优选低于40Shore D。共聚多醚酯更低的硬度通常导致按照本发明的仪表板改善的低温性能和更好的柔软手感或柔软触感。
共聚多醚酯可以进一步包含具有两个或以上官能团的化合物,该官能团可以与酸-或羟基基团反应,从而分别作为增链剂或链支化剂。适宜的增链剂例子包括羰基二内酰胺、二异氰酸盐和二环氧化物(bisepoxides)。适宜的链支化剂包括例如苯六(羧)酸、苯六(羧)酸酐和三羟甲基丙烷。选择增链剂或链支化剂的数量和种类以便获得理想熔融粘度的嵌段共聚多酯共聚物。通常,链支化剂的数量不会高于共聚多醚酯中存在的每100摩尔二羧酸6.0当量。
共聚多醚酯的例子和制备已经在Handbook of Thermoplastics,O.Olabishi编,17章,Marcel Dekker Inc.,New York 1997 ISBN 0-8247-9797-3,和ThermoplasticElastomers,第二版,8章,Carl Hanser Verlag(1996),ISBN 1-56990-205-4,和Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering,12卷,Wiley&Sons,New York(1998),ISBN 0-471-80944,75-117页,及其中所引用的参考文献中被阐述。
按照本发明形成仪表板层的共聚多酯弹性体组合物可以进一步包含另一种热塑性聚合物,优选一种相对弹性的聚合物如另一种热塑性弹性体。组合物例如可以包含另一种共聚多酯弹性体,比如不同硬度的共聚醚多酯,或柔性链段和/或硬链段的不同化学组成的共聚多酯。共聚多酯组合物也可以进一步包含TPU。其它适宜的聚合物包括苯乙烯和共轭二烯例如丁二烯的嵌段共聚物,如SBS,或更优选其基本上完全氢化的共聚物,如SEBS。此SEBS聚合物可以是已经用极性基团如酸或酐基团官能化的。其它适宜的热塑性弹性体是热塑性硫化橡胶,如那些基于聚丙烯和交联烯烃橡胶的共混物,如EPR橡胶或EPDM橡胶。烯烃共聚物也是适宜的,例如乙烯与至少一种极性共聚单体,如(甲基)丙烯酸盐,其任选具有羟基、羧基或环氧官能团。其例子是比如在WO 0063286A1中所给出的。如果至少一种共聚多醚酯和其它热塑性聚合物不能相容,优选组合物也包含适宜的配伍剂。选择包含共聚多醚酯和另一种聚合物的组合物作为仪表板层的优势在于可以转化多种性能以满足特定最终用途的要求,如材料硬度或表面光泽。
优选地,共聚多酯弹性体组合物进一步包含一种相对极性的聚合物,其与共聚多醚酯相容,因而省略了添加配伍剂的需要。
形成按照本发明仪表板层的共聚多酯弹性体组合物通常包含超过50%质量百分比的至少一种共聚多醚酯,该质量百分比基于组合物总质量计,优选超过60%质量百分比。这就确保了共聚多醚酯形成组合物的连续相,以使加工性能和性质比如耐化学腐蚀性和耐热性主要由共聚多醚酯所支配。
形成层的共聚多酯弹性体组合物优选作为仪表板的表层,优选具有低于46Shore D的硬度,更优选低于40Shore D的硬度。硬度越低,人接触板体就越有柔性触感。模制表面的柔性触感特性通常取决于表面纹理和材料所形成表面的硬度两个方面。
形成仪表板层的共聚多酯弹性体组合物可以进一步包含任何常用添加剂,如热稳定剂和紫外稳定剂,抗氧剂,着色剂,成核剂,加工助剂如脱膜剂或熔体流动增强剂,矿物填料或阻燃化合物。优选地,组合物包含一种有效的热稳定和紫外稳定剂的组合,以实现汽车内部应用的典型需求。优选地,组合物中存在成核剂和脱膜剂,从而进一步改善形成表层的模制性能。
共聚多酯弹性体组合物可以通过任何已知技术制造,如用单螺杆件熔融共混不同组分,或优选双螺杆挤出机。
按照本发明的仪表板的热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层可以由多种已知加工技术制造,包括薄膜挤塑、注射成型或冷凝模塑,与真空成型或热加工成型任意组合使用。
在优选实施方式中,通过冷凝模塑热塑性共聚多酯弹性体来制造所述层。冷凝模塑也称为粉末冷凝模塑或中空铸造,是一种类似于旋转模制的加工技术,其中待被创制制品的模具被预加热到设计温度以熔融待用的热塑性组合物。然后以粉末或通常尺寸小于1200微米的微球粒形式的热塑性组合物充满模具,当表层在模具内形成,移去多余材料。模具可以经历一后加热步骤,以完全形成均质表层。然后用水和/或空气冷却或骤冷模具,在此过程中,热塑性材料固化,然后将模制制品从模具中移去。模具可以具有特殊的纹理从而生产出具有纹理表面的制品,其对于仿制皮革应用是非常理想的,例如仪表板和其它汽车内部应用。冷凝模制制品可以进一步被加工或作为独立薄膜或片材被使用,或形成层状结构的部分例如表层。
如果使用例如双螺杆挤出机通过熔融共混不同组分制造共聚多酯弹性体组合物,组合物通常是毫米级尺寸范围的球粒形式。较小的球粒通过使用较小直径的熔融喷嘴并结合模面造粒机或高速运转的标准切割机来制造。可选择性地,球粒也可以机械方法再缩小其尺寸,例如通过低温研磨。优选在低于玻璃化转变温度或组合物中共聚物的玻璃化转变温度下进行研磨、碾磨、或粉碎组合物,为获得更为规整形式的粉末,温度可以低于-70℃,或甚至低于-90℃。
为进行冷凝模塑法加工,共聚多酯弹性体组合物通常为粉末形式或尺寸一般小于1200毫米的微球粒的形式。颗粒尺寸,即颗粒直径通常是采用标准筛目大小进行筛分测量的。颗粒尺寸主要由所需的最终用途来决定。例如,如果需要薄的平滑层,微粒尺寸应与用于制造厚的层或片材的颗粒尺寸相比相对小一些。在第一种情况下,粉末具有小于500微米的尺寸,优选小于400微米,更优选100-350微米;尽管另外给出的500-1000微米的颗粒尺寸也可以获得可以接受的结果。
粉末状共聚多酯弹性体组合物的流动特性可以通过用精细粉末涂覆于其上从而获得改善,该精细粉末例如通过用尺寸小于10微米的矿物比如氧化铝、二氧化硅或另一种无机氧化物干混获得。此类精细粉末的量通常是在0.1%到10%质量百分比之间(基于全部组合物)。
本发明通过参考下面的实施例将被进一步阐明。
实施例1
共聚多酯弹性体组合物包含共聚多醚酯作为其主要组分,该共聚多醚酯基本上由聚酯硬链段和柔性链段组成,聚酯硬链段由对苯二甲酸亚丁酯单元构成,而柔性链段来源于环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇,该聚(环氧丙烷)二醇的摩尔量(Mn)约为2300克/摩尔以及环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷的比率为约2/1,其硬度为38Shore D,并且进一步包含有效的热稳定和紫外稳定体系和炭黑,其相对溶液粘度(RSV,以1%质量百分比的共聚物的间甲酚溶液,在25℃下测定)为2.8,并使用液氮进行低温研磨然后筛成粒径大约100-350微米的粉末。
粉末共聚多酯弹性体组合物装入预热模具,该模具呈仪表板型,该组合物在30秒内沿表面散布,在这之后模具在烘箱内进一步被加热到大约245℃;接着将模具浸入水中以冷却模具和制品。约1毫米厚的冷凝模制片材可以从模具移去而不会产生任何问题,并且片材没有明显的变形。该片材适宜用作汽车仪表板的仪表板表层。
对比例A
一种热稳定和紫外稳定黑色共聚多酯弹性体组合物,其包含共聚多醚酯作为主要组分,该共聚多醚酯基本上由聚酯硬链段和柔性链段组成,聚酯硬链段由对苯二甲酸亚丁酯单元构成,而柔性链段来源于聚(四甲撑氧)二醇,该聚(四甲撑氧)二醇的Mn约为2000克/摩尔,其硬度约为40Shore D,其RSV为3.5,并进行低温研磨然后筛成粒径大约100-350微米的粉末。
粉末状共聚多酯弹性体组合物,其与按照本发明的方法所用的共聚多醚酯相比具有不同的化学组成,并类似于实施例1装入预热的模具,然后组合物在大约30秒内沿表面散布,在这之后模具在烘箱内被进一步加热到约245℃;接着将模具浸入水中以冷却模具和制品。大约1毫米厚的模制片材只能用过大的力从模具移出,从而导致不可逆的变形乃至毁坏片材;使其不适合进一步地使用。
Claims (9)
1.仪表板,其包含热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层,其中热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物包含至少一种共聚多醚酯,该共聚多醚酯形成连续相并基本上由聚酯硬链段和聚醚柔性链段组成,聚酯硬链段由来源于至少一种亚烷基二醇和至少一种芳族二羧酸或其酯的重复单元构成,其特征在于,所述聚醚柔性链段来源于环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇。
2.如权利要求1所述的仪表板,其中热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层为表层。
3.如权利要求1所述的仪表板,其为汽车仪表板,该汽车仪表板具有不可见的整体安全气囊门。
4.如权利要求1所述的仪表板,其中环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇包含质量比介于10到1之间的环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷。
5.如权利要求1-4任何一项所述的仪表板,其中聚酯硬链段由对苯二甲酸亚丁酯单元构成。
6.如权利要求5所述的仪表板,其中共聚多酯弹性体组合物具有低于46Shore D的硬度。
7.通过冷凝模塑制备热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的方法,其中所述热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物包含至少一种共聚多醚酯,该共聚多醚酯形成连续相并基本上由聚酯硬链段和聚醚柔性链段组成,聚酯硬链段由来源于至少一种亚烷基二醇和至少一种芳族二羧酸或其酯的重复单元构成,其特征在于,所述聚醚柔性链段来源于环氧乙烷封端的聚(环氧丙烷)二醇。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述层被进一步加工以形成层状结构的一部分。
9.如权利要求7或者8所述的方法,其中所述层状结构是仪表板,所述层是表层。
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EP01205220.5 | 2001-12-18 | ||
EP01205220A EP1321270A1 (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Process for making a slush-moulded article |
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CN1604859A CN1604859A (zh) | 2005-04-06 |
CN1283455C true CN1283455C (zh) | 2006-11-08 |
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CNB028253094A Expired - Fee Related CN1283455C (zh) | 2001-12-18 | 2002-12-17 | 包含热塑性共聚多酯弹性体组合物层的仪表板 |
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US (2) | US20050118357A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1321270A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005511402A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20040071210A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1283455C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE338654T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2002353660A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60214592T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2003051664A1 (zh) |
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EP1321490A1 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-06-25 | Dsm N.V. | Copolyether ester composition and air bag cover made therefrom |
US20060058435A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-16 | Szekely Peter L | Slush molded elastomeric layer |
WO2011092071A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | So.F.Ter.Spa | Thermofusible composition for slush moulding |
EP2377746A1 (de) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-19 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Querträgermodul für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
KR101405525B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-06-27 | 화인케미칼 주식회사 | 분말 슬러쉬 몰딩 조성물 |
CN110997318A (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-04-10 | 日东电工株式会社 | 多层膜、叠层体、安全气囊以及叠层体的制造方法 |
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-
2001
- 2001-12-18 EP EP01205220A patent/EP1321270A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-12-17 CN CNB028253094A patent/CN1283455C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-17 DE DE60214592T patent/DE60214592T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-17 KR KR10-2004-7009331A patent/KR20040071210A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-17 JP JP2003552566A patent/JP2005511402A/ja active Pending
- 2002-12-17 AT AT02789016T patent/ATE338654T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-12-17 AU AU2002353660A patent/AU2002353660A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-17 EP EP02789016A patent/EP1456052B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-17 US US10/498,871 patent/US20050118357A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-17 WO PCT/NL2002/000838 patent/WO2003051664A1/en active IP Right Grant
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2007
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20050118357A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
CN1604859A (zh) | 2005-04-06 |
EP1456052A1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
JP2005511402A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
EP1456052B1 (en) | 2006-09-06 |
US20070228595A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
AU2002353660A1 (en) | 2003-06-30 |
DE60214592T2 (de) | 2007-09-13 |
WO2003051664A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
ATE338654T1 (de) | 2006-09-15 |
DE60214592D1 (de) | 2006-10-19 |
KR20040071210A (ko) | 2004-08-11 |
EP1321270A1 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
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