CN1269340A

CN1269340A - Production of organic fertilizer with humic acid

Info

Publication number: CN1269340A
Application number: CN 99123731
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王双才; 刘来珍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-11-18
Filing date: 1999-11-18
Publication date: 2000-10-11

Abstract

A production method of humic organic fertilizer is characterized by using bone coal and danty as main raw materials and adding several chemical raw materials of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, triple superphosphate, potassium sulfate, sodium hyroxide, potassium permanganate, zinc sulfate, borax and ferrous sulfate. Said fertilizer contains more than 35% of organic matter necessary in soil, and contains 10-odd nutrient elements of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron and zinc, etc. necessary for plant growth. After said fertilizer is applied, it can improve soil, promote plant growth, raise adverse resistance of crops, improve product quality and raise yield.

Description

The manufacture method of humic acid organic fertilizer

The present invention is a kind of fertilizer of crops, specifically is the manufacture method of humic acid organic fertilizer.

Humic acids is the class material, is not pure substance, it is the mixture of a class macromole, organic monoacid, is the vegeto-animal residual body of nature, mainly is the residual body of plant.Through a series of processes of the decomposition of microorganism and conversion and the earth, physics, chemistry, form and accumulate natural, unformed, chemically stable organic high molecular compound gradually.Molecular weight is not of uniform size, does not wait to tens thousand of from hundreds of.Three fractions are arranged usually; Be yellow humic acid, hymatomalenic acid, pyrotomalenic acid.Yellow humic acid molecular weight minimum (hundreds of is to several thousand), hymatomalenic acid (several thousand to several ten thousand) pyrotomalenic acid (more than several ten thousand).The humic acids molecule all contains phenyl ring, condensed ring and various heterocycle (as pyrroles, furans, indoles etc.), is linked to each other by bridged bond between each aromatic ring, and various activity functional groups are arranged on the aromatic ring.As carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl group, methoxyl group, alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, carbonyl, quinonyl etc.

Because humic acids has very complicated molecular structure, it has colloidal property, and very strong adsorptive power is arranged,, complexing, sequestering power, ion-exchange capacity.So humic acids as agricultural fertilizer, is had five functional: 1, improve the soil; Can improve the saltings, the salinization of control soil, improvement sandy soil ground prevents and controls desertification, and improvement is slurry in vain, red soil.2, stimulate plant growth; Humic acids all has the effect of stimulation of bright aquatic foods to various crops, shows the promotion to root system development, and fast to the seedling root of hair, secondary root increases, and the root amount increases, and root elongation finally causes crop to absorb moisture content and nutrient ability.3, increase fertilizer efficiency; To nitrogenous fertilizer synergy percent 10 to 30, to phosphate fertilizer synergy percent 8 to 15, to potash fertilizer and little fertile synergy percent 3 to 13.(notebook data is 32 institutes's test big area results of Ministry of Agriculture's tissue).4, strengthen the crop anti-adversity energy; Can improve the drought resistance of crop, water-retaining effect, minimizing blade face moisture content transpiration strengthen cold performance, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, improve the immunizing power of crop.5, improve product quality; Can reduce chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals is to the toxicity of product.The grain starch content improves 8 percent to 15.The melon and fruit sugar degree increases by eight to 26 percentage points, and Vitamin C content increases by three to 42 percentage points.Humic acids can increase substantially the output of farm crop as the fertilizer of agricultural, has been well-known.But generally all exist the raw material sources deficiency, processing requirement height, production unit complexity cause problems such as production cost height, uncomfortable cooperation fertilizer.Some new method for formulatings of having reported for work in recent years, but all have some problem are introduced the method for producing humic acids with the alditol slag as CN88107216, limit because of being subjected to raw material, can't mass production; Through explained hereafter humic acidss such as acidifyings, its raw material and processing condition are restricted with papermaking wastewater in the production method introduction of CN92106094 humic acid liquid fertilizer; Reporting for work of also useful tangerine bar and ight soil processing humic acids, but all because of cost is too high can't be in batches, suitability for industrialized production.This method is owing to contain a large amount of humic acidss and the required nutritive element of various plants in the raw material, as long as modification just can make full use of, and the employed raw material of this method is huge at China's reserves, number is in trillion tons.

The present invention is owing to abundant raw material, content height, and processing unit is simple, energy consumption is low, fertilizer efficiency is high, cost is low, easy enforcement, so the present invention is the manufacture method of a kind of advanced person's humic acid organic fertilizer.

The solution of the present invention is: with bone coal and weathered coal is main raw material, makes with addition of the part industrial chemicals.(1) component and proportioning are weight ratio, bone coal 17-22 part, weathered coal 40-50 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 13-16 part, double superhosphate 6-9 part, vitriolate of tartar 5.6-6.5 part, hydrogen peroxide (liquid) 4-6 part, sodium hydroxide 1.6-2.4 part, borax 0.8-1.2 part, potassium permanganate 0.7-1 part, zinc sulfate 1-1.3 part, ferrous sulfate 0.8-1.2 part.(2) working method is: bone coal and weathered coal stir the back abrasive dust in the cooperation ratio, and fineness is more than 60 orders.Material and above-mentioned industrial chemicals that mill is good are poured in the agitator in proportion one by one, through stirring, granulation, oven dry, operations such as screening get the granular finished product of black of 1-4 mm particle size.

The function of above-mentioned raw materials: bone coal and weathered coal carbon containing about 70% (wherein total humic acid contains about 50%) also contain H, O, N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂Ten various plants such as O, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, B, Cu, Zn, Mo, the Si necessary nutritive element of growing also is the important component part of enzyme, VITAMIN, yield stimulant.Hydrogen peroxide, bicarbonate of ammonia, sodium hydroxide: double superhosphate, contain the required N of a large amount of plants, P ₂O ₅, K ₂A large amount of and moderate-element such as O, Ca, Mg, S, and cut bone coal and weathered coal are played efflorescence, oxidation, activation, free effect.Sulphur in potassium permanganate and the weathered coal bone coal plays sterilization, sterilization, the effect of prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and can improve the soil.Zinc sulfate: zinc is the necessary component and the activator of glutamate dehydrogenase, ethanol dehydrogenase, and can promote photosynthesis of plant, reconciles soil physical and chemical property.Borax; Boron promotes proteinic synthesizing in the transportation and the conversion of farming object confidential reference items and carbohydrate, and conciliation moisture content absorption and nutrient balance and redox processes, while are again the nutrients that blossoms and bears fruit, and the use of boron impels plant growth luxuriant, and a material is full.Ferrous sulfate; Iron is the composition of many enzymes, and iron is to the big effect of metabolic lifting of Yeast Nucleic Acid, and iron also has excellent function to photosynthesis and the nitrogen metabolism aspect of crop.

Above-mentioned industrial chemicals is chemicals commonly used, and the light company of various placesization all can buy.

Provided by the invention be rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and multiple in the humic acid organic fertilizer of trace element, can be used as the base fertilizer of farm crop, topdress, foliage fertilizer also is soil improvement agent, plant-growth mediator agent.It can be improved the soil, and drought resisting is cold-resistant, and prevention and elimination of disease and pests stimulates and reconciles plant growth, improves the Absorption and Utilization of Fertilizer rate, improves product quality, improves the output of agricultural byproducts.Be that technology is simple, abundant raw material, cost are low, the project of easy enforcement.

Embodiment 1:

Earlier bone coal and weathered coal are stirred in cooperation ratio (19 parts of bone coals, 45 parts of weathered coals), abrasive dust, thin giving up are to be base-material more than 60 orders then.Get 64 parts of base-materials, 16 parts in bicarbonate of ammonia, 9 parts of double superhosphate, 6 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 5 parts in hydrogen peroxide (liquid), 2 parts in sodium hydroxide, 1 part of borax, 0.8 part in potassium permanganate, 1.2 parts in zinc sulfate, 1 part in ferrous sulfate, then in order progressively example go in the agitator and granulate behind the thorough mixing, dry, screen the finished product fertilizer of 1-4mm granularity.

Embodiment 2:

Earlier with bone coal with more than weathered coal difference grinding to 60 order, get 20 parts of bone coals then, 44 parts of weathered coals, 14 parts in bicarbonate of ammonia, 9 parts of double superhosphate, 6.4 parts of 5 parts of (liquid) vitriolate of tartar of hydrogen peroxide, 2.1 parts in sodium hydroxide, 1.2 parts of boraxs, 0.9 part in potassium permanganate, 1.3 parts in zinc sulfate, 1.1 parts in ferrous sulfate.Working method is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3:

Bone coal and weathered coal be grinding to 60 order respectively.Get 17.5 parts of bone coals, 47 parts of weathered coals, 16.5 parts in bicarbonate of ammonia, 7.5 parts of double superhosphate, 5.8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 5 parts in hydrogen peroxide (liquid), 1.8 parts in sodium hydroxide, 0.9 part of borax, 1 part in potassium permanganate, 1.1 parts in zinc sulfate, 0.9 part in ferrous sulfate.Working method is with embodiment 1.

The present invention is put into production in batches, and through the clay fertilizer station, Shanxi Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Shanxi coal chemistry institute is repeatedly inspected chemical examination by random samples and met or exceeded data in the table 1.

Humic acid organic fertilizer provided by the present invention compare with other fertilizer (by fertilising of equal value according to), increase production data and see Table 2.

Measuring method is all taked GB or standard laid down by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government relevant regulations.(D) table 1

Project	Index	Reference to standard
Project	Index	Reference to standard	Organic C	≥35％	Organic mensuration in the GB1 1956-80 coal
Humic acids HA	≥18％	GB1 1957-89 carries out	Organic C	≥35％	Organic mensuration in the GB1 1956-80 coal
Humic acids HA	≥18％	GB1 1957-89 carries out	Nitrogen N	≥4％	GB/T8572-88 carries out
Phosphorus P ₂O ₅	≥4.5％	GB/T8573-88 carries out	Nitrogen N	≥4％	GB/T8572-88 carries out
Phosphorus P ₂O ₅	≥4.5％	GB/T8573-88 carries out	Potassium K ₂O	≥3.6％	GB/T8574-88 carries out
Middle trace element	≥15％	GB/T4634-84 measures	Potassium K ₂O	≥3.6％	GB/T8574-88 carries out
Middle trace element	≥15％	GB/T4634-84 measures	Moisture content	≤20％	HG1-1143-78 measures
PH value	6-8	Getting its 5% lysate at normal temperatures measures with acidometer	Moisture content	≤20％	HG1-1143-78 measures

Table 2

Kind	Amount of increase in production	Quality improves index
Kind	Amount of increase in production	Quality improves index	Paddy rice	12-26％	Starch content improves 8-15%
Melon and fruit	15-28％	Contain sugar and increase 8-26 percentage point of VC content increase 3-42%	Paddy rice	12-26％	Starch content improves 8-15%
Melon and fruit	15-28％		Vegetables	20-38％	Pure taste VC increases 5-54.8%
Cotton	10-16％		Vegetables	20-38％	Pure taste VC increases 5-54.8%

Claims

1. the manufacture method of humic acid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that: component and proportioning (weight ratio) are: bone coal 17-22 part, weathered coal 40-50 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 13-16 part, double superhosphate 6-9 part, vitriolate of tartar 5.6-6.5, hydrogen peroxide 4-6 part, sodium hydroxide 1.6-2.4, borax 0.8-1.2, potassium permanganate 0.7-1 part, zinc sulfate 1-1.3 part, ferrous sulfate 0.8-1.2 part.

2. working method is: earlier with bone coal and weathered coal abrasive dust or be mixed in proportion abrasive dust respectively, to be that 60 orders are above be base-material to fineness.Base-material and above-mentioned various industrial chemicals that mill is good are progressively poured stirrer into after the metering respectively in order, through fully stirring, granulate, dry, screening, get the granulated fertilizer of 1-4mm.