CN113854614A - Flue-cured tobacco baking method for improving Maillard reactant content of tobacco leaf raw material of heated cigarette - Google Patents
Flue-cured tobacco baking method for improving Maillard reactant content of tobacco leaf raw material of heated cigarette Download PDFInfo
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bioquercetin Natural products CC1OC(OCC(O)C2OC(OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IKGXIBQEEMLURG-BKUODXTLSA-N rutin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@@H]1OC[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 IKGXIBQEEMLURG-BKUODXTLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N rutin Natural products CC1OC(OCC2OC(O)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5 ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000005493 rutin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960004555 rutoside Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010005094 Advanced Glycation End Products Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007065 protein hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco baking, and particularly relates to a flue-cured tobacco baking method for improving the content of Maillard reactants of a tobacco leaf raw material of a heated cigarette; the method comprises the following steps: A. harvesting: harvesting fresh cured tobacco leaves; B. rod weaving and furnace charging: the collected tobacco leaves are woven into rods, and are loaded into a curing barn for curing; C. baking: baking the tobacco leaves after being charged into the furnace, and obtaining the baked tobacco leaves after a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period; the content of Maillard reactants of the tobacco leaves is obviously improved in the intensive baking, the aroma amount of the heated cigarette is obviously improved in the low-temperature heating process, the quality of the tobacco leaves of the heated cigarette is improved, and the method has great significance for ensuring the high-quality tobacco leaves of the heated cigarette.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco curing, and particularly relates to a flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants of tobacco leaf raw materials of heated cigarettes.
Background
The Maillard reaction product comprises carbonyl-containing compounds (reducing sugar, fructose, glucose, maltose and rutin) and ammonia-containing compounds (protein, free amino acid and proline), is also called as a carbonyl ammonia reaction and is a non-enzymatic browning reaction between the amino-containing compound and the carbonyl-containing compound under the conditions of high temperature or normal temperature, is considered as one of important processes for forming aroma components, can generate various substances with special aroma and smells, and has great influence on the flavor characteristics of tobacco leaves.
Because the heating temperature (lower than 300 ℃) of the heated cigarette is far lower than that of the traditional cigarette (higher than 800 ℃), the problem that the herbal fragrance of the cigarette of the current heated cigarette product is not outstanding is caused. The tobacco sheet used in current mainstream heated cigarette products depends largely on the tobacco material itself. In the tobacco leaf baking process, the yellowing stage is an important stage for improving the style characteristics of the tobacco leaves, and the yellowing stage is an important stage for degrading macromolecular substances and forming micromolecular substances of the tobacco leaves. Of these, 2 major chemical changes are proteolysis to form amino acids and starch hydrolysis to form sugars. In the baking technology, the baking process (temperature, humidity and time) is the dominant factor for the hydrolysis of proteins to form amino acids and the hydrolysis of starch to form sugars in tobacco leaves. Therefore, the method for improving the content of the Maillard reactant of the tobacco leaf raw material of the heated cigarette is developed, the content of the Maillard reactant of the tobacco leaf is obviously improved in the intensive baking, the aroma amount of the heated cigarette is obviously improved in the low-temperature heating process, the quality of the tobacco leaf raw material of the heated cigarette is improved, and the method has great significance for ensuring the supply of the tobacco leaf raw material of the high-quality heated cigarette.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flue-cured tobacco baking method for improving the content of Maillard reactants of tobacco leaf raw materials of heated cigarettes, which obviously improves the content of the Maillard reactants of the tobacco leaves in intensive baking, obviously improves the aroma amount of the heated cigarettes in the low-temperature heating process, improves the quality of the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes and has great significance for ensuring the supply of high-quality tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the Maillard reactant content of the tobacco leaf raw material of the heated cigarette comprises the following steps:
A. harvesting: harvesting fresh cured tobacco leaves;
B. rod weaving and furnace charging: the collected tobacco leaves are woven into rods, and are loaded into a curing barn for curing;
C. baking: and (4) baking the tobacco leaves after being charged into the furnace, and obtaining the baked tobacco leaves after a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period.
Preferably, the yellowing period comprises a pre-yellowing period, a middle yellowing period and a post-yellowing period, wherein the pre-yellowing period is a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/h, the dry bulb temperature is increased from 25-26 ℃ to 34-36 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted from 26-27 ℃ to 33-34 ℃, the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature are stabilized, and the baking is carried out for 22-24 h; in the middle yellowing stage, heating the dry balls to 38 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, adjusting the temperature of the wet balls to 36 ℃, stabilizing the dry balls and the wet balls, baking at the temperature, and baking to 7-8 yellow; in the later yellowing stage, the temperature of a dry bulb is increased to 41-42 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, the temperature of a wet bulb is adjusted to 36 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb are stabilized, and the dry bulb and the wet bulb are baked and fully yellowed;
the fixing period comprises a fixing early stage, a fixing middle stage and a fixing later stage, wherein the fixing early stage is to raise the dry bulb temperature to 46-49 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/1-2 h, adjust the wet bulb temperature to 36-37 ℃, stabilize the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature, bake for 22-24 h, and bake until the top platform tobacco leaves are completely yellow; then, entering a color fixing middle stage, raising the temperature of the dry balls to 54-56 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/1-2 h, adjusting the temperature of the wet balls to 38-39 ℃, and stabilizing the temperature of the dry balls and the wet balls for baking for 12-14 h until the tobacco leaves in the whole baking room are completely yellow; then, in the later stage of color fixing, at the heating rate of 1 ℃/1-2 h, the temperature of the dry bulb is increased to 59-62 ℃, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 38-42 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb are stabilized, and the tobacco leaves are baked for 15-17 h until the branches and the mesophyll of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn are dried;
in the stem drying period, the temperature of dry balls is increased to 67-68 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/h, the temperature of wet balls is adjusted to 40-42 ℃, and the dry and wet ball temperatures are stabilized until the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the full curing barn is dried.
Preferably, the fresh tobacco leaves in the step A are any one or more of flue-cured tobacco varieties of Honghuadajinyuan, K326, Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 85.
Preferably, the fresh tobacco leaves in the step A are any one or more of lower leaves, middle leaves and upper leaves of tobacco plants.
Preferably, the proper maturity in the step A is characterized in that the leaf color of the tobacco leaves is light yellow, the main veins are all white and bright, the branch veins are white, the leaf tips and the leaf margins are curled down, the leaf surfaces are wrinkled, mature spots exist, and most of fuzz falls off.
Preferably, the rod knitting principle in the step B is the same as that of the rod, and the same part is proper in density; the furnace charging principle is that the material is the same as the furnace, and the material is uniformly charged.
Preferably, the smoke density in the step B is 42-45 kg/m3And the tobacco is filled to more than 95 percent of the volume of the curing barn.
Preferably, the curing barn in the step B is an ascending type bulk curing barn.
Preferably, the yellowing medium stage in the step C, stabilizing the dry and wet bulb temperature, and baking for 20 h.
Preferably, the yellowing after-baking time in the step C is 20 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the method of the invention performs baking by controlling an optimized combination of temperature, humidity and baking time. Aims to improve the content of Maillard reactants of tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarette, and the Maillard reactants such as carbonyl-containing compounds and ammonia-containing compounds generate Maillard reaction in the low-temperature heating process (250-300 ℃), so as to generate a series of compounds with fragrance characteristics and improve the fragrance quality and the fragrance quantity of the heated tobacco leaf.
2. Compared with the prior art: and in the yellowing stage, the temperature is slowly increased, so that the conversion and accumulation of carbonyl compounds (reducing sugar, fructose, glucose, maltose and rutin) and ammonia-containing compounds (protein, free amino acid and proline) in the tobacco leaves are facilitated, the sensory evaluation quality of the heated cigarette tobacco leaves is improved, the quality is obviously improved under the slow temperature increase treatment, and the reducing sugar, the free amino acid and the rutin which are Maillard reactants positively act on the sensory evaluation quality of the heated cigarette tobacco leaves.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the Maillard reactant content of the tobacco leaf raw material of the heated cigarette comprises the following steps:
A. harvesting: harvesting fresh cured tobacco leaves;
B. rod weaving and furnace charging: the collected tobacco leaves are woven into rods, and are loaded into a curing barn for curing;
C. baking: baking the tobacco leaves after being charged in the furnace, and obtaining the baked tobacco leaves after a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period, wherein:
the yellowing stage comprises a yellowing early stage, a yellowing middle stage and a yellowing late stage, wherein the yellowing early stage is to heat the dry bulb from 25 ℃ to 34 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/h, adjust the wet bulb from 26 ℃ to 33 ℃, stabilize the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature and bake for 22 h; in the middle stage of yellowing, heating the dry balls to 38 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, adjusting the temperature of the wet balls to 36 ℃, stabilizing the dry balls and the wet balls, baking for 20h to 7 to yellow; in the later yellowing stage, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 41 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 36 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature are stabilized, and the mixture is baked for 20h to be fully yellowed.
The fixing period comprises a fixing early stage, a fixing middle stage and a fixing later stage, wherein the fixing early stage is to raise the temperature of a dry bulb to 46 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/1, adjust the temperature of a wet bulb to 36 ℃, stabilize the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb, bake for 22-24 hours, and bake until top table tobacco leaves are completely yellow; then, entering a color fixing middle period, raising the dry bulb temperature to 54 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/1, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 38 ℃, and stabilizing the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature to bake 12 till the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn become yellow completely; then, in the later stage of color fixing, the temperature of the dry bulb is increased to 59 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/1, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 38 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb are stabilized, and the tobacco leaves are baked for 15 hours until the veins and the mesophyll of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn are dried;
in the stem drying period, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 67 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/h, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 40 ℃, and the dry and wet bulb temperatures are stabilized until the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn are dried.
Example 2
The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the Maillard reactant content of the tobacco leaf raw material of the heated cigarette comprises the following steps:
A. harvesting: harvesting fresh cured tobacco leaves;
B. rod weaving and furnace charging: the collected tobacco leaves are woven into rods, and are loaded into a curing barn for curing;
C. baking: baking the tobacco leaves after being charged in the furnace, and obtaining the baked tobacco leaves after a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period, wherein:
the yellowing stage comprises a yellowing early stage, a yellowing middle stage and a yellowing late stage, wherein the yellowing early stage is to heat the dry bulb from 25 ℃ to 35 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/h, adjust the wet bulb from 26 ℃ to 33 ℃, stabilize the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature and bake for 23 h; in the middle stage of yellowing, heating the dry balls to 38 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, adjusting the temperature of the wet balls to 36 ℃, stabilizing the dry balls and the wet balls, baking for 20h to 7 to yellow; in the later yellowing stage, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 41 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 36 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature are stabilized, and the mixture is baked for 20h to be fully yellowed.
The fixing period comprises a fixing early stage, a fixing middle stage and a fixing later stage, wherein the fixing early stage is to raise the dry bulb temperature to 47 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/2h, adjust the wet bulb temperature to 37 ℃, stabilize the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature, bake for 23h, and bake until the top table tobacco leaves are completely yellow; then, entering a color fixing middle stage, raising the dry bulb temperature to 55 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/1.5h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 38 ℃, and stabilizing the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature for baking for 13h until the tobacco leaves in the whole baking room are completely yellow; then, in the later stage of color fixing, the temperature of the dry bulb is raised to 60 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/1h, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 40 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb are stabilized, and the tobacco leaves are baked for 16h until the veins and the mesophyll of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn are dried;
in the stem drying period, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 68 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/h, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 41 ℃, and the dry and wet bulb temperatures are stabilized until the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn is dried.
Example 3
The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the Maillard reactant content of the tobacco leaf raw material of the heated cigarette comprises the following steps:
A. harvesting: harvesting fresh cured tobacco leaves;
B. rod weaving and furnace charging: the collected tobacco leaves are woven into rods, and are loaded into a curing barn for curing;
C. baking: baking the tobacco leaves after being charged in the furnace, and obtaining the baked tobacco leaves after a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period, wherein:
the yellowing stage comprises a yellowing early stage, a yellowing middle stage and a yellowing late stage, wherein the yellowing early stage is to heat the dry bulb from 26 ℃ to 36 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/h, adjust the wet bulb from 27 ℃ to 34 ℃, stabilize the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature and bake for 24 h; in the middle stage of yellowing, heating the dry balls to 38 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, adjusting the temperature of the wet balls to 36 ℃, stabilizing the dry balls and the wet balls, baking for 20h to 8-degree yellow; in the later yellowing stage, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 42 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 36 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature are stabilized, and the mixture is baked for 20h to be fully yellowed.
The fixing period comprises a fixing early stage, a fixing middle stage and a fixing later stage, wherein the fixing early stage is to raise the dry bulb temperature to 49 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/2h, adjust the wet bulb temperature to 37 ℃, stabilize the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature, bake for 24h until the top table tobacco leaves are completely yellow; then, entering a color fixing middle stage, raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 56 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 1 ℃/2h, adjusting the temperature of the wet bulb to 39 ℃, and stabilizing the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb to bake for 14h until the tobacco leaves in the whole baking room are completely yellow; then, in the later stage of color fixing, the temperature of the dry bulb is increased to 62 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/2h, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 42 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb are stabilized, and the tobacco leaves are baked for 17h until the veins and the mesophyll of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn are dried;
in the stem drying period, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 68 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/h, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 42 ℃, and the dry and wet bulb temperatures are stabilized until the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn is dried.
Experimental analysis:
subject: test group 1 was conducted as in example 1, test group 2 was conducted as in example 2, test group 3 was conducted as in example 3, and the control group was conducted according to the local conventional cultivation and baking method;
the experimental results are as follows: the contents of the saccharides, the contents of the nitrogen substances and the contents of the aroma precursors of the roasted tobacco leaves are compared, and the test results are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3.
TABLE 1 saccharide content of Jiuxi town tobacco leaves in Jiang and Chuan of Yuxi City
| Treatment of | Starch/%) | Total sugar/% | Reducing sugar/%) | Glucose/%) | Fructose/%) | Maltose/%) |
| Example 1 | 8.60 | 28.22 | 22.25 | 2.43 | 1.65 | 0.84 |
| Control group 1 | 8.95 | 24.32 | 15.67 | 1.68 | 1.15 | 0.47 |
| Example 2 | 5.98 | 31.2 | 24.6 | 2.62 | 1.77 | 0.92 |
| Control group 2 | 7.36 | 22.89 | 18.39 | 1.65 | 1.34 | 0.62 |
| Example 3 | 6.95 | 26.97 | 23.58 | 2.37 | 1.58 | 0.89 |
| Control group 3 | 10.96 | 23.0 | 17.7 | 1.52 | 1.25 | 0.53 |
TABLE 2 Nitrogen content of Jiuxin Zhen tobacco leaves in Jiangxian district of Yuxi City
| Treatment of | Total nitrogen/%) | Nicotine/%) | Protein/%) | Free amino acids/%) | Proline/%) |
| Example 1 | 2.05 | 2.23 | 9.25 | 10.34 | 0.79 |
| Control group 1 | 2.03 | 2.03 | 9.52 | 9.32 | 0.61 |
| Example 2 | 2.21 | 2.22 | 8.33 | 11.29 | 0.88 |
| Control group 2 | 2.31 | 2.12 | 8.68 | 9.21 | 0.74 |
| Example 3 | 2.32 | 2.32 | 9.35 | 10.64 | 0.83 |
| Control group 3 | 2.14 | 2.27 | 11.76 | 7.36 | 0.55 |
TABLE 3 fragrance precursor content of Jiuxin town tobacco leaves in Jiang and Chuan area of Yuxi City
As is clear from tables 1, 2 and 3, the saccharide substances and nitrogen substances of examples 1 (test group 1), 2 (test group 2) and 3 (test group 3) according to the present invention, in which the temperature was slowly increased in the yellowing stage, were sufficiently converted and the content of the tobacco fragrance precursor was increased, as compared to the conventional baking of the control group.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the Maillard reactant content of the tobacco leaf raw material of the heated cigarette is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. harvesting: harvesting fresh cured tobacco leaves;
B. rod weaving and furnace charging: the collected tobacco leaves are woven into rods, and are loaded into a curing barn for curing;
C. baking: and (4) baking the tobacco leaves after being charged into the furnace, and obtaining the baked tobacco leaves after a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period.
2. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
the yellowing stage comprises a yellowing early stage, a yellowing middle stage and a yellowing later stage, wherein the yellowing early stage is to increase the temperature of dry balls from 25-26 ℃ to 34-36 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/h, adjust the temperature of wet balls from 26-27 ℃ to 33-34 ℃, stabilize the temperature of the dry balls and the temperature of the wet balls, and bake for 22-24 h; in the middle yellowing stage, heating the dry balls to 38 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, adjusting the temperature of the wet balls to 36 ℃, stabilizing the dry balls and the wet balls, baking at the temperature, and baking to 7-8 yellow; in the later yellowing stage, the temperature of a dry bulb is increased to 41-42 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/3h, the temperature of a wet bulb is adjusted to 36 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb are stabilized, and the dry bulb and the wet bulb are baked and fully yellowed;
the fixing period comprises a fixing early stage, a fixing middle stage and a fixing later stage, wherein the fixing early stage is to raise the dry bulb temperature to 46-49 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/1-2 h, adjust the wet bulb temperature to 36-37 ℃, stabilize the dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature, bake for 22-24 h, and bake until the top platform tobacco leaves are completely yellow; then, entering a color fixing middle stage, raising the temperature of the dry balls to 54-56 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/1-2 h, adjusting the temperature of the wet balls to 38-39 ℃, and stabilizing the temperature of the dry balls and the wet balls for baking for 12-14 h until the tobacco leaves in the whole baking room are completely yellow; then, in the later stage of color fixing, at the heating rate of 1 ℃/1-2 h, the temperature of the dry bulb is increased to 59-62 ℃, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 38-42 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb and the temperature of the wet bulb are stabilized, and the tobacco leaves are baked for 15-17 h until the branches and the mesophyll of the tobacco leaves in the whole curing barn are dried;
in the stem drying period, the temperature of dry balls is increased to 67-68 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/h, the temperature of wet balls is adjusted to 40-42 ℃, and the dry and wet ball temperatures are stabilized until the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the full curing barn is dried.
3. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the fresh tobacco leaves in the step A are any one or more of cured tobacco varieties of Honghuadajinyuan, K326, Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 85.
4. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the fresh tobacco leaves in the step A are any one or more of lower leaves, middle leaves and upper leaves of tobacco plants.
5. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the proper maturity in the step A is characterized in that the leaf color of the tobacco leaves is light yellow, the main veins are white and bright, the branch veins are white, the leaf tips and the leaf margins roll down, the leaf surfaces are wrinkled, mature spots exist, and most of fuzz falls off.
6. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the rod weaving principle in the step B is that the same rod is the same in quality and the same part is proper in density; the furnace charging principle is that the material is the same as the furnace, and the material is uniformly charged.
7. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the density of the cigarettes in the step B is 42-45 kg/m3And the tobacco is filled to more than 95 percent of the volume of the curing barn.
8. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: and the curing barn in the step B is an ascending type bulk curing barn.
9. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: and C, stabilizing the dry and wet bulb temperature in the yellowing middle stage in the step C, and baking for 20 hours.
10. The flue-cured tobacco curing method for improving the content of Maillard reactants in the tobacco leaf raw materials of the heated cigarettes according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: and C, baking for 20 hours at the later yellowing stage.
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