CN113755032A - 细化二氧化硅的方法、超细二氧化硅粉末和用途 - Google Patents
细化二氧化硅的方法、超细二氧化硅粉末和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113755032A CN113755032A CN202011489458.XA CN202011489458A CN113755032A CN 113755032 A CN113755032 A CN 113755032A CN 202011489458 A CN202011489458 A CN 202011489458A CN 113755032 A CN113755032 A CN 113755032A
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- silicon dioxide
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- silica
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AVBJHQDHVYGQLS-AWEZNQCLSA-N (2s)-2-(dodecanoylamino)pentanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O AVBJHQDHVYGQLS-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSFDBVJMDCMTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diamine;phosphoric acid Chemical compound NCCN.OP(O)(O)=O ZSFDBVJMDCMTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-monoglyceryl stearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYQRBKCKQCRYEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk1a7239 Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2N2CC=CC3=NC=CC1=C32 VYQRBKCKQCRYEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTPCFIHYWYONMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N decaethylene glycol Polymers OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO DTPCFIHYWYONMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940077386 sodium benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种细化二氧化硅的方法、超细二氧化硅粉末和用途,将二氧化硅配制成悬浮液,加入活化剂与表面活性剂,再加入碱调节pH,将上述悬浮液搅拌均匀后,经球磨机研磨处理,再经砂磨机研磨,得到二氧化硅分散液。二氧化硅分散液中加入改性剂,将物料混合均匀后分散液通入高压二流体喷雾干燥塔内,干燥得到二氧化硅粉末。干燥后的二氧化硅粉末,加入改性剂,在高速混合机中混合改性,得到超细二氧化硅粉末。本发明的方法能得到的粉末材料粒径超细且分布均匀,表面改性效果好,工艺设备成熟度高,易于工业化,产品可适用于涂料、油墨、橡胶制品、胶黏剂、硅橡胶制品等。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及精细化工应用技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种细化二氧化硅的方法、超细二氧化硅粉末和用途。
背景技术
超细二氧化硅属于精细化工应用领域,超细SiO2为无定形白色粉末(指其团聚体),是一种无毒、无味、无污染的无机非金属材料,比表面积大、密度小、分散性好,其应用领域较广,可应用于建筑业、医药、航天制品等领域,可适用于涂料、油墨、橡胶、塑料、隔热材料等制品,可作为消光剂、补强机、增稠剂、抗结剂等产品。
超细二氧化硅的制备方法有物理法和化学法。物理法一般指机械粉碎法;化学法包括气相沉淀法、沉淀法、溶胶-凝胶法和离子交换法等。气相法工艺复杂,设备投入大等问题,溶胶凝胶法产品品质较差。
目前,成本较低的超细二氧化硅大多采用沉淀法二氧化硅经机械粉碎得到,但其存在品种少、质量不稳定、空隙率小、粒径分布宽、表面改性效果差、产率低等问题。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明所提供的一种细化二氧化硅的方法,可以将二氧化硅颗粒细化至2-7μm,且得到的超细二氧化硅粉末具有颗粒小且粒径分布均匀、质量稳定、孔隙率小、产率高、表面改性效果好等优点。
为了实现本发明的上述目的,特采用以下技术方案:
一种细化二氧化硅的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)、在二氧化硅的悬浮液中加入活化剂和表面活性剂,调节所述悬浮液的pH=4-10,混匀;
其中,所述活化剂包括六偏磷酸钠、磷酸乙二胺、三聚磷酸钠、偏铝酸钠、焦磷酸钠和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种的组合;
所述表面活性剂包括直链烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、月桂醇硫酸钠、月桂酰基谷氨酸、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、二乙醇酰胺硬脂酸甘油单酯、木质素磺酸盐、重烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、扩散剂NNO、扩散剂MF、烷基聚醚和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或者几种的组合;
优选的,所述活化剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0.1%-5%,优选为2%-4%;
优选的,所述表面活性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0.1%-5%,优选为2%-4%;
优选的,所述二氧化硅的悬浮液的固含量为0.1%-55%;
(b)、研磨步骤(a)得到的悬浮液,得到粒径为0.03-2μm的二氧化硅分散液;
(c)、在所述分散液中加入改性剂并混匀,然后进行喷雾干燥,得到2-7μm的二氧化硅粉末,并干燥;
所述改性剂为有机硅烷改性剂;
优选的,所述有机硅烷改性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0-30%,优选的添加量0.01%-30%,更优选的添加量0.1%-15%,更优选的添加量1%-20%,更优选的添加量5%-25%;
优选的,所述喷雾干燥的温度为150-300℃,更优选的温度为200-250℃;
(d)、所述二氧化硅粉末与改性剂混合,并在70-200℃下进行改性;
所述改性剂为有机硅烷改性剂;
优选的,在混合机中进行所述混合和所述改性。
优选的,所述二氧化硅为沉淀法制得的白炭黑,更优选的,所述白炭黑包括粉末白炭黑、造粒白炭黑和白炭黑浆液中的一种或者几种的组合;
优选的,所述白炭黑的比表面积为50-500m2/g,更优选的为100-400m2/g。
优选的,在步骤(c)中,所述喷雾干燥采用二流体雾化器在二流体喷雾干燥塔内进行操作;
更优选的,所述二流体的气体包括空气、氧气、氮气和二氧化碳中的一种或者几种的组合;
更优选的,所述二流体的气流压力为0.05-3.5MP,更优选的气流压力为1-3MPa。
优选的,在步骤(c)和步骤(d)中,所述有机硅烷改性剂包括氨基硅烷偶联剂、硅氮烷、铝酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和钛酸酯偶联剂中的一种或者几种组合。
优选的,在步骤(b)中,所述研磨具体包括:先球磨再砂磨;
更优选的,所述球磨的时间为0.1-4h,处理温度为25-95℃,更优选的,所述球磨的时间为1-2h,处理温度为45-80℃;
更优选的,所述砂磨的时间为0.1-4h,更优选的时间为1-2h。
优选的,所述球磨的研磨介质为1-5mm的锆珠。
优选的,所述砂磨的研磨介质为0.01-0.1mm的锆珠。
优选的,在步骤(d)中,所述有机硅烷改性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量为0-20%,优选的添加量为0.01%-20%,更优选的添加量为0.1%-15%,更优选的添加量为1%-10%,更优选的添加量为5%-15%。
一种超细二氧化硅粉末,采用所述的细化二氧化硅的方法细化得到。
所述的超细二氧化硅粉末在制备涂料、油墨、橡胶、塑料、隔热材料中的用途。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明所提供的细化二氧化硅的方法,方便简单、易操作,可以将二氧化硅颗粒细化至2-7μm。
(2)本发明所提供的细化二氧化硅的方法,设备成熟度高,易于工业化,产品可适用于涂料、油墨、橡胶制品、胶黏剂、硅橡胶制品等生产领域。
(3)本发明所提供的超细二氧化硅粉末具有颗粒小且粒径分布均匀、质量稳定、孔隙率小、产率高、表面改性效果好等优点。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
本发明所提供的一种细化二氧化硅的方法,方法简单易操作,具体包括以下步骤:
(a)、在二氧化硅的悬浮液中加入活化剂和表面活性剂,调节所述悬浮液的pH=4-10(例如4、5、6、7、8、9、10),提高悬浮液的稳定性,混匀;
其中,活化剂的作用为降低悬浮液的黏度,所述活化剂包括六偏磷酸钠、磷酸乙二胺、三聚磷酸钠、偏铝酸钠、焦磷酸钠和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种的组合;
所述表面活性剂可以提高悬浮液的稳定性,同时将后面加入的改性剂乳化,与白炭黑充分接触,具体的,包括直链烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(AESA)、月桂醇硫酸钠(K12或SDS)、月桂酰基谷氨酸、壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚(TX-10)、二乙醇酰胺(6501)硬脂酸甘油单酯、木质素磺酸盐、重烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基磺酸盐(石油磺酸盐)、扩散剂NNO、扩散剂MF、烷基聚醚(PO-EO共聚物)和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或者几种的组合;
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述活化剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0.1%-5%(例如0.1%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、3.5%、4%、4.5%、5%),优选为2%-4%;
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述表面活性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0.1%-5%(例如0.1%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、3.5%、4%、4.5%、5%),优选为2%-4%;
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述二氧化硅的悬浮液的固含量为0.1%-55%(例如0.1%、1%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%);
(b)、研磨步骤(a)得到的悬浮液,得到粒径为0.03-2μm的二氧化硅分散液;
(c)、在步骤(b)得到的分散液中加入改性剂并混匀,然后进行喷雾干燥,得到2-7μm的二氧化硅粉末,并干燥;
所述改性剂为有机硅烷改性剂,包括氨基硅烷偶联剂、硅氮烷、铝酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和钛酸酯偶联剂中的一种或者几种组合;
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述喷雾干燥的温度为150-300℃(例如150、200、250、300℃),更优选的温度为200-250℃;
(d)、步骤(c)干燥后二氧化硅粉末与改性剂混合,并在70-200℃(例如70、100、150、200℃)下进行改性;
所述改性剂为有机硅烷改性剂,包括氨基硅烷偶联剂、硅氮烷、铝酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和钛酸酯偶联剂中的一种或者几种组合。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述有机硅烷改性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0-30%,优选的添加量为0.01%-30%,更优选的添加量为0.1%-15%,更优选的添加量为1%-20%,更优选的添加量为5%-25%;
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,在混合机中对所述干燥后二氧化硅粉末进行高速混合和改性。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述二氧化硅为沉淀法制得的白炭黑,更优选的,所述白炭黑包括粉末白炭黑、造粒白炭黑和白炭黑浆液中的一种或者几种的组合;
优选的,所述白炭黑的比表面积为50-500m2/g,更优选的为100-400m2/g。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,在步骤(c)中,所述喷雾干燥采用二流体雾化器在二流体喷雾干燥塔内进行操作;
更优选的,所述二流体的气体包括空气、氧气、氮气和二氧化碳中的一种或者几种的组合;
更优选的,所述二流体的气流压力为0.05-3.5MP,更优选为气流压力为1-3MPa。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,在步骤(c)和步骤(d)中,所述有机硅烷改性剂包括:。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,在步骤(b)中,所述研磨具体包括:先球磨再砂磨;
更优选的,所述球磨的时间为0.1-4h,处理温度为25-95℃,更优选的,所述球磨的时间为1-2h,处理温度为45-80℃;
更优选的,所述砂磨机的时间为0.1-4h,更优选的时间为1-2h。
优选的,所述球磨的研磨介质为1-5mm的锆珠。
优选的,所述砂磨的研磨介质为0.01-0.1mm的锆珠。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,在步骤(d)中,所述有机硅烷改性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0-20%,优选的添加量0.01%-20%,更优选的添加量0.1%-15%,更优选的添加量1%-10%,更优选的添加量5%-15%。
一种超细二氧化硅粉末,采用所述的细化二氧化硅的方法细化得到。该材料具有颗粒小且粒径分布均匀、质量稳定、孔隙率小、产率高、表面改性效果好等优点。
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1
(1)将沉二氧化硅配制成1%固含量的悬浮液,加入二氧化硅质量的0.1%六偏磷酸钠与0.1%直链烷基苯磺酸钠,再加入碱调节pH为4;
(2)将上述悬浮液搅拌均匀后,经球磨机研磨0.1h,球磨的研磨介质为1mm的锆珠,处理温度为25℃,再经砂磨机研磨0.1h,得到粒径为0.03-2μm的二氧化硅分散液;
(3)二氧化硅分散液中加入二氧化硅质量0.01%的有机硅烷改性剂,将物料混合均匀;
(4)将(3)中改性后分散液通入高压二流体喷雾干燥塔内,二流体所用气流压力为0.05-3.5MPa,分散液经150-300℃干燥得到粒径为2-7μm的二氧化硅粉末;
其中,二流体为空气;
(5)干燥后的二氧化硅粉末,加入0.01%改性剂,在高速混合机中混合改性,改性温度为70℃,得到超细二氧化硅粉末。
实施例2
(1)将沉二氧化硅配制成55%固含量的悬浮液,加入二氧化硅质量的5%磷酸乙二胺与5%月桂酰基谷氨酸,再加入碱调节pH为10;
其中,二氧化硅为沉淀法制得的白炭黑,比表面积为50m2/g;
(2)将上述悬浮液搅拌均匀后,经球磨机研磨4h,处理温度为95℃,球磨的研磨介质为5mm的锆珠,再经砂磨机研磨0.1-4h,砂磨的研磨介质0.1mm的锆珠,得到粒径为0.03-2μm的二氧化硅分散液;
(3)二氧化硅分散液中加入30%的有机硅烷改性剂,将物料混合均匀;
(4)将(3)中改性后分散液通入高压二流体喷雾干燥塔内,二流体所用气流压力为3.5MPa,分散液经300℃干燥得到粒径为2-7μm的二氧化硅粉末;其中,二流体为氧气;
(5)干燥后的二氧化硅粉末,加入20%有机硅烷改性剂,在高速混合机中混合改性,改性温度为200℃,得到超细二氧化硅粉末。
实施例3
(1)将沉二氧化硅配制成25%固含量的悬浮液,加入二氧化硅质量的1%焦磷酸钠与1%壬基酚聚氧乙烯,再加入碱调节pH为8;
其中,二氧化硅为沉淀法制得的造粒白炭黑,比表面积为500m2/g;
(2)将上述悬浮液搅拌均匀后,经球磨机研磨1h,处理温度为75℃,球磨的研磨介质为3mm的锆珠,再经砂磨机研磨2h,砂磨的研磨介质0.03mm的锆珠,得到粒径为0.03-2μm的二氧化硅分散液;
(3)二氧化硅分散液中加入20%的有机硅烷改性剂,将物料混合均匀;
(4)将(3)中改性后分散液通入高压二流体喷雾干燥塔内,二流体所用气流压力为1MPa,分散液经200℃干燥得到粒径为2-7μm的二氧化硅粉末;其中,二流体为氮气;
(5)干燥后的二氧化硅粉末,加入10%有机硅烷改性剂,在高速混合机中混合改性,改性温度为100℃,得到超细二氧化硅粉末。
实施例4
(1)将沉二氧化硅配制成15%固含量的悬浮液,加入二氧化硅质量的3%聚丙烯酸钠与3%扩散剂NNO,再加入碱调节pH为6;
其中,二氧化硅为沉淀法制得的造粒白炭黑,比表面积为200m2/g;
(2)将上述悬浮液搅拌均匀后,经球磨机研磨2h,处理温度为55℃,球磨的研磨介质为2mm的锆珠,再经砂磨机研磨3h,砂磨的研磨介质0.07mm的锆珠,得到粒径为0.03-2μm的二氧化硅分散液;
(3)二氧化硅分散液中加入7%的有机硅烷改性剂,将物料混合均匀;
(4)将(3)中改性后分散液通入高压二流体喷雾干燥塔内,二流体所用气流压力为2MPa,分散液经250℃干燥得到粒径为2-7μm的二氧化硅粉末;其中,二流体为CO2;
(5)干燥后的二氧化硅粉末,加入12%有机硅烷改性剂,在高速混合机中混合改性,改性温度为150℃,得到超细二氧化硅粉末。
尽管已用具体实施例来说明和描述了本发明,然而应意识到,以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围;因此,这意味着在所附权利要求中包括属于本发明范围内的所有这些替换和修改。
Claims (10)
1.一种细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(a)、在二氧化硅的悬浮液中加入活化剂和表面活性剂,调节所述悬浮液的pH=4-10,混匀;
其中,所述活化剂包括六偏磷酸钠、磷酸乙二胺、三聚磷酸钠、偏铝酸钠、焦磷酸钠和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种的组合;
所述表面活性剂包括直链烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、月桂醇硫酸钠、月桂酰基谷氨酸、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、二乙醇酰胺硬脂酸甘油单酯、木质素磺酸盐、重烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、扩散剂NNO、扩散剂MF、烷基聚醚和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或者几种的组合;
优选的,所述活化剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0.1%-5%,优选为2%-4%;
优选的,所述表面活性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0.1%-5%,优选为2%-4%;
优选的,所述二氧化硅的悬浮液的固含量为0.1%-55%;
(b)、研磨步骤(a)得到的悬浮液,得到粒径为0.03-2μm的二氧化硅分散液;
(c)、在所述分散液中加入改性剂并混匀,然后进行喷雾干燥,得到2-7μm的二氧化硅粉末;
所述改性剂为有机硅烷改性剂;
优选的,所述喷雾干燥的温度为150-300℃,更优选的温度为200-250℃;
优选的,所述有机硅烷改性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅质量的0-30%,优选的添加量0.01%-30%,更优选的添加量0.1%-15%,更优选的添加量1%-20%,更优选的添加量5%-25%;
(d)、所述二氧化硅粉末与改性剂混合,并在70-200℃下进行改性;
所述改性剂为有机硅烷改性剂;
优选的,在混合机中进行所述混合和所述改性。
2.根据权利要求1所述的细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,所述二氧化硅为沉淀法制得的白炭黑,优选的,所述白炭黑包括粉末白炭黑、造粒白炭黑和白炭黑浆液中的一种或者几种的组合;
优选的,所述白炭黑的比表面积为50-500m2/g,更优选的为100-400m2/g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(c)中,所述喷雾干燥采用二流体雾化器在二流体喷雾干燥塔内进行操作;
优选的,所述二流体的气体包括空气、氧气、氮气和二氧化碳中的一种或者几种的组合;
优选的,所述二流体的气流压力为0.05-3.5MP,更优选的气流压力为1-3MPa。
4.根据权利要求1所述的细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(c)和步骤(d)中,所述有机硅烷改性剂包括氨基硅烷偶联剂、硅氮烷、铝酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和钛酸酯偶联剂中的一种或者几种组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(b)中,所述研磨具体包括:先球磨再砂磨;
优选的,所述球磨的时间为0.1-4h,处理温度为25-95℃,更优选的,所述球磨的时间为1-2h,处理温度为45-80℃;
优选的,所述砂磨的时间为0.1-4h,更优选的时间为1-2h。
6.根据权利要求5所述的细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,所述球磨的研磨介质为1-5mm的锆珠。
7.根据权利要求5所述的细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,所述砂磨的研磨介质为0.01-0.1mm的锆珠。
8.根据权利要求1所述的细化二氧化硅的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(d)中,所述有机硅烷改性剂的添加量是所述二氧化硅粉末质量的0-20%,优选的添加量为0.01%-20%,更优选的添加量为0.1%-15%,更优选的添加量为1%-10%,更优选的添加量为5%-15%。
9.一种超细二氧化硅粉末,采用权利要求1-8任意一项所述的细化二氧化硅的方法细化得到。
10.根据权利要求9所述的超细二氧化硅粉末在制备涂料、油墨、橡胶、塑料、隔热材料中的用途。
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