CN113732818A - Method, device and equipment for calibrating rotating shaft of numerical control machine tool and storage medium - Google Patents
Method, device and equipment for calibrating rotating shaft of numerical control machine tool and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113732818A CN113732818A CN202010474656.2A CN202010474656A CN113732818A CN 113732818 A CN113732818 A CN 113732818A CN 202010474656 A CN202010474656 A CN 202010474656A CN 113732818 A CN113732818 A CN 113732818A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
- B23Q17/2233—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work for adjusting the tool relative to the workpiece
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining centers, and relates to a method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine, which comprises the following steps: calibrating the rotation radius of the shaft A by measuring and comparing the distance from the tool nose of the tool to the first vertical plate; calibrating the turning radius of the C axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side edge of each first frame cut on the horizontal plate member to a side edge located at the second frame; the A-axis and/or the C-axis are nulled by measuring and comparing the distance of the adjacent edges of the third and fourth boxes cut on the second upright plate. The embodiment of the invention also provides a numerical control machining device, equipment and a storage medium. According to the embodiment of the invention, the positions between the A shaft and the C shaft are changed by rotating the A shaft and the C shaft, and the distances between the plates at different positions are measured, or the distances between the plates at different positions after cutting are measured, so that the rotating radius and the zero position of the A shaft and the C shaft are calibrated.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining centers, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool.
Background
A five-axis numerical control machining center is provided with five linkage shafts which are X, Y, Z three linear shafts and C, A two rotating shafts respectively, wherein the shaft C rotates around the shaft Z, and the shaft A rotates around the shaft X. In the machining process of the five-axis numerical control machining center, the tool tip point of the tool may generate additional motion when the C axis and the A axis rotate, so that the control point of the numerical control system cannot coincide with the tool tip point, and at the moment, the control system needs to compensate the C axis and the A axis respectively to ensure that the tool tip point moves according to a track set by an instruction.
In order to ensure that the tool nose point moves according to a track set by a command, the C axis and the A axis both need to meet the coincidence of the tool nose point and a control point under the following two conditions: one is when the C-axis and the A-axis are in the initial positions, namely the calibration of the zero positions of the C-axis and the A-axis respectively; the other is the calibration of the C-axis and the A-axis during the revolution motion, namely the rotating radius of the C-axis and the A-axis.
In the existing tool setting method applied to a five-axis numerical control machining center, the required compensation amount is estimated basically by observing the relative position of a tool nose and an alignment point of a tool by naked eyes, so that not only is the energy and time consumed by workers greatly increased, but also the accurate compensation amount cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool, which are used for solving the technical problems that the required compensation amount is estimated by observing the relative position of a tool nose and an alignment point of a tool through naked eyes, the energy and time consumed by workers are greatly increased, and accurate compensation amount cannot be obtained.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine, which adopts the following technical solutions:
loading a first vertical plate on a processing platform, controlling an A shaft to drive a cutter to rotate to two sides of the first vertical plate, and calibrating the rotation radius of the A shaft by measuring and comparing the distance from the cutter point of the cutter to the first vertical plate;
loading a horizontal plate member on a processing platform, controlling a C shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate member, cutting at least two first frames and a second frame surrounding the first frames, and calibrating the rotation radius of the C shaft by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side edge of each first frame to one side edge of the second frame located near the side edge of each first frame;
loading a second vertical plate on the processing platform, controlling the A shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the second vertical plate, cutting a third frame and a fourth frame which can be arranged around the third frame, and performing zero calibration on the A shaft and/or the C shaft by measuring and comparing distances of close edges of the third frame and the fourth frame in the vertical direction of the second vertical plate and/or in the horizontal direction of the second vertical plate.
Further, the step of calibrating the turning radius of the a-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the nose of the tool to the first erected panel specifically comprises:
measuring the distances from the tool nose of the tool to the two sides of the first vertical plate respectively, and recording as m and n;
comparing the values of m and n;
if the values of m and n are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a deviation value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and supplementing the deviation value into a processing program so as to calibrate the rotating radius of the shaft A and obtain a target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A;
and if the values of m and n are equal or the difference value is within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current A-axis rotating radius, and taking the current A-axis rotating radius as the A-axis rotating radius target value.
Further, the step of calculating the deviation value of the rotational radius of the axis a specifically includes:
measuring the thickness of the first vertical plate, and acquiring a preset reference value, wherein the reference value is a preset distance from a tool nose of the tool to the first vertical plate;
and calculating the deviation value of the rotating radius of the shaft A according to the values of m and n, the thickness of the first vertical plate and the preset reference value.
Further, the step of controlling the a-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to the two sides of the first vertical plate specifically comprises:
controlling the A shaft to rotate by 90 degrees to enable the cutter to rotate to one side of the vertical plate; and controlling the A shaft to rotate by-90 degrees to enable the cutter to rotate to the other side of the upright plate.
Further, the step of controlling the C-axis to rotate to enable the tool to rotate to different positions on the same surface of a horizontal plate, and controlling the processing platform to move, so that the horizontal plate is moved to be cut into at least two first frames by the tool specifically includes:
and controlling the C shaft to rotate by 90 degrees to enable the cutter to rotate to a position corresponding to the surface of the horizontal plate piece and controlling the machining platform to move so that the horizontal plate piece moves to be cut into the next first frame by the cutter after each first frame is cut.
Further, the number of the first boxes is four, and the step of calibrating the turning radius of the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side of each first box to a side of the second box located near the side of each first box specifically includes:
measuring the distances between the second frame and the four first frames, and recording as a, b, c and d;
comparing the values of a, b, c and d;
if the values of a, b, C and d are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a C-axis rotating radius deviation value and supplementing the C-axis rotating radius deviation value into a system program so as to calibrate the rotating radius of the C-axis;
and if the values of a, b, C and d are equal or the difference value is within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current rotating radius of the C shaft.
Further, the step of calculating the deviation value of the C-axis turning radius specifically includes:
according to the values of a, b, c and d, calculating according to the following formula: and calculating the deviation value beta of the rotating radius of the C shaft according to the sum of beta (a-b) and (C-d) |/2.
Further, the step of performing zero calibration on the a axis by measuring and comparing distances of adjacent sides of the third and fourth boxes in the vertical direction of the second upright plate specifically includes:
measuring the distances, recorded as a 'and b', of the third and fourth frames from the near side in the vertical direction of the second upright plate;
comparing the values of a 'and b';
if the values of a 'and b' are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a zero deviation value of an axis A and supplementing the zero deviation value into a system program so as to perform zero calibration on the axis A;
if the values of a 'and b' are equal and/or within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current zero position of the A axis.
Further, the step of calculating the a-axis zero offset value specifically includes:
obtaining the target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and obtaining a preset vertical standard value;
and calculating the zero position deviation value of the shaft A according to the values of a 'and b', the target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and the preset vertical standard value.
Further, the step of performing zero calibration on the C-axis by measuring and comparing distances of close edges of the third and fourth frames in the horizontal direction of the second upright plate specifically includes:
measuring the distances, c 'and d', of the third square frame and the fourth square frame from the near side in the horizontal direction of the second upright plate;
comparing the values of c 'and d';
if the values of C 'and d' are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a zero position deviation value of the C axis and supplementing the zero position deviation value into a system program so as to perform zero position calibration on the C axis;
if the values of C 'and d' are equal and/or within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current zero position of the C axis.
Further, the step of calculating the C-axis zero offset value specifically includes:
obtaining the target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and obtaining a preset horizontal standard value;
and calculating the zero position deviation value of the C axis according to the values of C 'and d', the target value of the rotating radius of the A axis and the acquired preset horizontal standard value.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a numerical control machining apparatus, including:
the A-axis rotating radius calibration module is used for loading a first vertical plate on the processing platform, controlling the A-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the first vertical plate, and calibrating the rotating radius of the A-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the cutter point of the cutter to the first vertical plate;
the C-axis rotating radius calibration module is used for loading a horizontal plate piece on a processing platform, controlling a C-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate piece, cutting at least two first frames and a second frame surrounding the first frames, and calibrating the rotating radius of the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side edge of each first frame to one side edge of the second frame located near the side edge of each first frame;
and the zero calibration module is used for loading a second vertical plate on the processing platform, controlling the A shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the second vertical plate, cutting out a third frame and a fourth frame which can be arranged around the third frame, and performing zero calibration on the A shaft and/or the C shaft by measuring and comparing the distances of the close sides of the third frame and the fourth frame in the vertical direction of the second vertical plate and/or in the horizontal direction of the second vertical plate.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool as described above when executing the computer program.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerically controlled machine tool as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the method, the device, the equipment and the storage medium for calibrating the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine tool have the following beneficial effects: through rotating A axle and C axle, change and the plate between the position, through the distance of measuring different positions plate, perhaps through measuring the distance after the plate cutting of different positions department, to the radius of rotation calibration and the zero-position calibration of A axle and C axle of setting for, make the cutter succeed the tool setting, avoid the relative position of the knife tip of visual observation cutter and alignment point to predict required compensation volume, whole process's calibration easy operation, the method is high-efficient novel, and has higher precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram for one embodiment of step S100 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is one of the calibration schematics of one embodiment implemented according to FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a second calibration schematic according to one embodiment implemented in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram for one embodiment of step S200 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is one of the calibration schematics of one embodiment implemented according to FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a second calibration schematic according to one embodiment implemented in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of step S300 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of step S300 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is one of the calibration schematics of one embodiment implemented according to FIGS. 8 and 9;
FIG. 11 is a second calibration schematic of an embodiment implemented according to FIGS. 8 and 9;
FIG. 12 is one of the calibration schematics of one embodiment according to the implementation of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a second calibration schematic according to one embodiment implemented in FIG. 10;
FIG. 14 is a third calibration diagram according to one embodiment of the implementation of FIG. 10;
FIG. 15 is a fourth calibration diagram according to one embodiment of the implementation of FIG. 10.
Reference numerals:
1. a first upright plate; 11. hole site;
2. a horizontal plate member; 21. a first block; 22. a second block;
3. a second upright plate; 31. a third block; 32. a fourth block; 321. chamfering
4. A knife tip.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the present invention belong; the terminology used herein in the description of the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the invention; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of embodiments of the invention and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, or in the foregoing drawings, of embodiments of the invention are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
In order to make the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of fig. 1, 3 and 4, 6 and 7, and 10 and 11.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps:
again according to the flow chart of figure 1 and the illustrations of figures 3 and 4;
step S100, loading the first vertical plate 1 on a processing platform, controlling the A shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the first vertical plate 1, and calibrating the rotation radius of the A shaft by measuring and comparing the distance from the cutter point 4 of the cutter to the first vertical plate 1.
Specifically, this first board 1 of erectting is vertical to be set up on processing platform, and it is rotatory through A axle control module control A axle to the drive is connected and is changeed the both sides of first board 1 of erectting around the X axle in the epaxial cutter of A, and the first distance of erectting board 1 is measured and compared to the knife tip of cutter in first board 1 both sides of erectting respectively, carries out turning radius calibration to the A axle according to both sides distance comparison result.
Again according to the flow chart of figure 1 and the illustrations of figures 6 and 7;
step S200, loading the horizontal plate member 2 on the processing platform, controlling the C axis to drive the cutter to rotate to different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate member 2, cutting at least two first blocks 21 and a second block 22 surrounding the first blocks 21, and calibrating the rotation radius of the C axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side edge of each first block 21 to one side edge of the second block 22 near the side edge of each first block 21.
Specifically, the horizontal plate member 2 is loaded on the processing platform, i.e., the horizontal plate member 2 is horizontally disposed on the working platform. The C shaft is controlled to rotate by the C shaft control module, and the C shaft is connected to the A shaft, so that the C shaft drives the cutter on the A shaft to rotate around the Z shaft when rotating, and the cutter rotates around the Z shaft to different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate member 2. The machining platform is moved in the direction of the X-axis and/or Y-axis, so that the horizontal plate member 2 is moved in the direction of the X-axis and/or Y-axis and cut by the tool into at least two first boxes 21 and a second box 22 surrounding the first boxes 21. The turning radius calibration is performed on the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side of each first frame 21 to a side of the second frame 22 located near the side of each first frame 21, and then based on the comparison results of the frame distances.
Again according to the flow chart of figure 1 and the illustrations of figures 10 and 11;
step S300, loading the second vertical plate 3 on a processing platform, controlling the A shaft to drive a cutter to rotate to two sides of the second vertical plate 3, cutting out a third square frame 31 and a fourth square frame 32 which can be arranged around the third square frame 31, and performing zero position calibration on the A shaft and/or the C shaft by measuring and comparing the distances between the adjacent sides of the third square frame 31 and the fourth square frame 32 in the vertical direction of the second vertical plate 3 and/or in the horizontal direction of the second vertical plate 3.
Specifically, the second erected panel 3 is loaded on the processing platform, that is, the second erected panel 3 is vertically disposed on the processing platform. The rotation of the shaft A is controlled by the shaft A control module, so that the cutter is rotated to two sides of the second vertical plate 3. Since the a axis rotates around the X axis, the processing platform moves in the Y axis and/or X axis direction, so that the second vertical plate 3 moves in the Y axis and/or X axis direction and is cut by the cutter into the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 which can be enclosed in the third frame 31, respectively. By measuring and comparing the distance between the adjacent sides of the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 in the vertical direction of the second vertical plate 3, the axis A is subjected to zero position according to the vertical distance comparison result; and/or, by measuring and comparing the distance between the adjacent sides of the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 in the horizontal direction of the second vertical plate 3, and then performing zero position on the C axis according to the horizontal distance comparison result.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and may be performed in other orders unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flow chart of the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, which are not necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
Compared with the prior art, the method for calibrating the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine tool at least has the following beneficial effects: the method for calibrating the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine tool aims to provide a system program for calibrating the zero position of the C shaft and the A shaft and calibrating the rotating radius of the C shaft and the A shaft, and is embodied in the following steps:
the calibration of the rotation radius of the A shaft is realized by measuring and comparing the distances from the tool nose 4 of the tool to the first vertical plate 1 when the tool is positioned at the two sides of the first vertical plate 1, and calibrating the rotation radius of the A shaft according to the comparison result.
Calibrating the rotation radius of the C axis by rotating the C axis to make the cutter cut at least two first frames 21 and one second frame 22 at different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate member 2; and then measuring and comparing the distance from each first box 21 to the same side of the second box 22, and performing rotation radius compensation on the C axis according to the comparison result.
Zero calibration of the A axis and/or the C axis is realized by controlling the rotation of the A axis to enable a cutter to respectively cut a third square frame 31 and a fourth square frame 32 on two sides of the second vertical plate 3; and then measuring and comparing the distances of the adjacent edges at each position of the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32, and calibrating the zero position of the A axis and/or the C axis according to the comparison result.
In summary, it can be seen from the analysis that the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine, where a position between the rotating shaft and a plate is changed by rotating an a-axis and a C-axis, distances between the plate and the plate at different positions are measured, or distances between the plate and the plate at different positions after cutting are measured, and a set rotating radius calibration and zero calibration of the a-axis and the C-axis are performed, so that a tool is successfully set, and a phenomenon that a relative position between a tool nose of the tool and an alignment point is observed by naked eyes to estimate a required compensation amount is avoided.
In some alternative implementations of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the step of calibrating the turning radius of the a-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the nose 4 of the tool to the first erected panel 1 specifically comprises:
and S110, measuring the distances from the tool nose 4 of the tool to the two sides of the first vertical plate 1 respectively, and recording the distances as m and n.
And step S120, comparing the values of m and n.
Step S130, if the values of m and n are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a deviation value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and supplementing the deviation value into a processing program so as to calibrate the rotating radius of the shaft A when the shaft A drives the cutter to rotate during cutting processing, thereby obtaining a target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A.
Specifically, the calculated A-axis rotating radius deviation value is supplemented into a processing program, after the processing program obtains the A-axis rotating radius deviation value, the current A-axis rotating radius is supplemented according to the A-axis rotating radius deviation value, so that in the cutting process, when the A-axis drives the cutter to rotate, the cutter processes the workpiece on a correct processing track through the compensation of the A-axis rotating radius deviation value on the original A-axis rotating radius.
And step S140, if the values of m and n are equal or the difference value is within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current rotating radius of the shaft A when the A shaft drives the cutter to rotate during cutting processing, and taking the current rotating radius of the shaft A as the target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A.
Namely, in the next cutting process, when the A shaft drives the cutter to rotate, the current rotating radius of the A shaft does not need to be changed.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in some optional implementations of this embodiment, the step of calculating the deviation value of the rotation radius of the axis a specifically includes:
step S131, measuring the thickness t of the first vertical plate 1 and acquiring a preset reference value S.
And step S132, calculating the deviation value alpha of the rotating radius of the shaft A according to m, n, S and t. It should be noted that the predetermined reference value s is specifically the distance that the tip 4 of the tool should have from the standing plate 1.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in particular, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to better understand the calculation process of the deviation value of the rotation radius of the a-axis, the following formula is specifically illustrated:
alpha is obtained from the values of m, n, t and s. The formula for calculating the deviation value of the rotating radius of the shaft A is as follows:
α＝|m+n-2s-t|/2；
when m is larger than n, alpha is a positive value; conversely, when m < n, α is negative.
The value of alpha obtained by the formula can be supplemented into a processing program so as to calibrate the rotating radius of the shaft A when the shaft A drives the cutter to rotate in the cutting process and obtain a target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A.
According to fig. 3 and 4, in some alternative implementations of the present embodiment, the step of controlling the a-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to the two sides of the first vertical plate 1 specifically includes:
controlling the A shaft to rotate 90 degrees through the A shaft control template, and enabling the cutter to rotate to one side of the first vertical plate 1; the A shaft is controlled to rotate by-90 degrees through the A shaft control template, so that the cutter is rotated to the other side of the first vertical plate 1. It should be noted that the rotation of the a-axis by 90 ° or-90 ° is controlled based on the initial position of the a-axis, which is to ensure that the line between the two positions of the a-axis when rotated by 90 ° and-90 ° is perpendicular to the first upright plate 1.
According to fig. 3 or 4, in some optional implementation manners of this embodiment, a hole 11 may be formed in the first vertical plate 1, and in the step of controlling the shaft a to rotate so that the tool rotates to two sides of the first vertical plate 1, the shaft a is controlled to rotate so that the tool tip 4 of the tool is aligned with the hole 11, and when a vernier caliper is used to measure the distance from the tool tip 4 to the vertical plate 1, the hole 11 may play a role in avoiding a gap in the vernier caliper, so as to facilitate the measurement of the vernier caliper.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, a sensor may be placed on the nc machine tool near the tool for measuring the distance of the tip 4 of the tool to a measured object, for example, in this embodiment, the sensor may measure the tip 4 to the first upright plate 1.
In some alternative implementations of the present embodiment, the step of controlling the C-axis rotation to rotate the tool to different positions on the same surface of a horizontal plate 2 to cut out four first boxes 21 specifically includes:
after each first frame 21 is cut, the C-axis is controlled to rotate 90 ° to rotate the cutter to the corresponding position on the surface of the horizontal plate member 2, so as to cut the next first frame 21.
As can be understood from fig. 6 or 7, when the C-axis is in the initial state, i.e. the C-axis is rotated by 0 °, the cutter cuts a first square frame 21 at a corresponding position on the surface of the horizontal plate 2; controlling the C shaft to rotate 90 degrees on the basis of the initial position of the C shaft so that the cutter rotates to a position corresponding to the surface of the horizontal plate member 2 to cut a second first square frame 21; on the basis that the C shaft rotates by 90 degrees, controlling the C shaft to rotate by 90 degrees again, namely the C shaft rotates by 180 degrees in total, and then cutting a third first square frame 21 at a corresponding position on the surface of the horizontal plate member 2 by the cutter; on the basis of the 180 deg. rotation of the C-axis, the C-axis is controlled to rotate 90 deg. again, i.e. the C-axis rotates 270 deg. in total, and the fourth first frame 21 is cut by the cutter spindle at the corresponding position on the surface of the horizontal plate member 2.
It should be noted that the initial position of the C-axis only needs to ensure that no matter which position of the horizontal plate 2 the C-axis rotates to, there is enough position for the tool to cut the first boxes 21, and the first boxes 21 do not interfere with each other.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, in some alternative implementations of the present embodiment, the number of the first boxes 21 may be four, and the step of calibrating the rotation radius of the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side of each first box 21 to a side of the second box 22 located near the side of each first box 21 specifically includes:
in step S210, distances from the same side of each first frame 21 to a side of the second frame 22 located near the side of each first frame 21 are measured, which may be a, b, c, and d, respectively.
And step S220, comparing the values of a, b, c and d.
In step S230, if the values of a, b, C, and d are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, the C-axis turning radius deviation value needs to be calculated and added to the machining program to calibrate the turning radius of the C-axis.
Specifically, the calculated deviation value of the C-axis rotating radius is supplemented into a processing program, after the processing program obtains the deviation value of the C-axis rotating radius, the current C-axis rotating radius is interpolated according to the deviation value of the C-axis rotating radius, so that when the C-axis drives the cutter to rotate in the cutting process, the cutter processes the workpiece on a correct processing track through the compensation of the deviation value of the C-axis rotating radius on the original C-axis rotating radius.
And step S240, if the values of a, b, C and d are equal or the difference value is within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current C-axis rotating radius calibration.
Namely, in the next cutting process, when the C shaft drives the cutter to rotate, the current calibration of the rotating radius of the C shaft is maintained.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, in some alternative implementations of the present embodiment, the step of calculating the deviation value of the C-axis rotation radius specifically includes:
in step S231, the C-axis turning radius deviation β may be calculated from the values of a, b, C, and d.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in particular, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to better understand the calculation process of the C-axis turning radius deviation value, the following formula is used to explain the calculation process:
and calculating beta according to the values of a, b, c and d. The formula for calculating the deviation value of the rotating radius of the shaft C is as follows:
β＝|(a-b)+(c-d)|/2；
when a is more than b, beta is a positive value; conversely, when a < b, β is negative.
The value of beta obtained by the formula can be supplemented into a processing program so as to calibrate the rotating radius of the C shaft when the C shaft drives the cutter to rotate in the cutting process.
As shown in fig. 8, 10 to 13, in particular, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing zero calibration on the a-axis by measuring and comparing the distances between the adjacent sides of the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 in the vertical direction of the second upright plate 3 specifically includes:
step S310a, measuring the distance between the near sides of the third and fourth boxes 31 and 32 in the vertical direction of the second erected panel 3, can be written as a 'and b'.
Step 320a, compare the values of a 'and b'.
Step S330a, if the values of a 'and b' are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating the zero position deviation value of the a axis and adding the zero position deviation value into the machining program, so as to perform zero position calibration on the a axis.
Specifically, the calculated A-axis zero offset value is supplemented into a machining program, and after the machining program obtains the A-axis zero offset value, the current A-axis zero position is supplemented according to the A-axis zero offset value, so that when the cutter is driven to rotate by the A-axis in cutting machining, the cutter is enabled to machine the workpiece on a correct machining track through the compensation of the A-axis zero offset value on the original A-axis zero position.
Step S340a, if the values of a 'and b' are equal and within the allowable deviation range, the current zero position of the a axis is maintained during the cutting process and the a axis drives the cutter to rotate.
Namely, in the next cutting process, when the A shaft drives the cutter to rotate, the current zero position of the A shaft is maintained.
As shown in fig. 8 and 10 to 13, in some optional implementations of the present embodiment, the step of calculating the a-axis zero offset value specifically includes:
step S331a, obtaining the a-axis radius target value k, and obtaining a vertical standard value L1, which is a value that the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 should have when the distances a 'and b' of the near sides in the vertical direction of the second erected panel 3 are equal.
And S332a, calculating the zero offset value gamma of the A axis according to the values of a 'and b', k and L1.
Referring to fig. 8 and 10 to 13, in order to better understand the calculation process of the a-axis zero offset value, in an embodiment of the present invention, the following formula is used:
from the values of a ', b', L1 and k, γ was determined. The formula for calculating the zero offset value of the A axis is as follows:
when a 'is less than L1 and b' is greater than L1,
a`＝L1-2Sinγ，b`＝L1+2Sinγ，
derived, Sin γ ═ (a '-b')/4 k;
when a 'is more than b', gamma is a positive value; conversely, when a 'is less than b', gamma is negative.
The value of gamma obtained by the formula can be supplemented into a processing program so as to carry out zero calibration on the shaft A when the shaft A drives the cutter to rotate in the cutting process.
Note that fig. 10 shows a state where the zero position of the a axis has an offset and is not calibrated; fig. 11 shows a state in which the zero position of the a axis is calibrated.
As shown in fig. 9 to 11 and fig. 14 and 15, in particular, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing zero calibration on the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distances between the adjacent sides of the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 in the horizontal direction of the second upright plate 3 specifically includes:
step S310b, measure the distance between the near sides of the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 in the horizontal direction of the second erected panel 3, which can be written as c 'and d'.
Step S320b, comparing the values of c 'and d'.
Step S330b, if the values of C 'and d' are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a zero-position deviation value of the C-axis and adding the zero-position deviation value into the machining program, so as to perform zero-position calibration on the C-axis during cutting and when the C-axis drives the cutter to rotate.
Specifically, the calculated C-axis zero offset value is supplemented into a machining program, and after the machining program obtains the C-axis zero offset value, the current C-axis zero position is supplemented according to the C-axis zero offset value, so that when the cutter is driven to rotate by the C-axis in cutting machining, the cutter is enabled to machine the workpiece on a correct machining track through the compensation of the C-axis zero offset value on the original C-axis zero position.
Step S340b, if the values of C 'and d' are equal and within the allowable deviation range, the current C-axis zero position is maintained during the cutting process and the C-axis drives the cutter to rotate.
Namely, in the next cutting process, when the C shaft drives the cutter to rotate, the current zero position of the C shaft is maintained.
As shown in fig. 9 to 11 and fig. 14 and 15, in some optional implementations of the present embodiment, the step of calculating the C-axis zero offset value specifically includes:
step S331b, obtaining the a-axis radius target value k, and obtaining a horizontal standard value L2, where the horizontal standard value L2 is a value that the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 should have when the distances c ', d' of the horizontally adjacent sides of the second erected panel 3 are equal.
And S332b, calculating a zero position deviation value delta of the C axis according to the values of C 'and d', k and L2.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11 and fig. 14 and 15, in particular, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to better understand the calculation process of the C-axis zero offset value, the following formula is specifically illustrated:
from the values of c ', d', L2 and k, δ is determined. The formula for calculating the zero offset value of the C axis is as follows:
when c '< L2, d' > L2,
c`＝L1-2Sinδ，d`＝L1+2Sinδ，
derived, Sin δ ═ (c '-d') |/4 k;
when c 'is more than d', delta is a positive value; conversely, when c '< d', δ is negative.
The value of delta obtained by the formula can be supplemented into a machining program so as to carry out zero calibration on the C shaft when the C shaft drives the cutter to rotate in the cutting machining process.
Note that fig. 6 shows a state where the zero position of the C axis has an offset and is not calibrated; fig. 7 shows a state in which the zero position of the C axis is calibrated.
In some alternative implementations of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 or fig. 11, the fourth frame 32 may have a chamfer 321, and the chamfer 321 may be used to determine the cutting direction of the tool. That is, it is determined by the position of the chamfer 321 which two opposite sides of the fourth frame 32 are located in the vertical direction of the second erection plate 3 and which two opposite sides are located at the level of the erection plate 1. It will be understood that the third frame 31 and the fourth frame 32 are completely cut from the second erected plate 3, and a workpiece similar to the Chinese character 'hui' shape is obtained, and a chamfer is formed at one corner of the outer surface of the Chinese character 'hui', i.e. the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the Chinese character 'hui' shaped workpiece are respectively processed by the chamfer.
In some alternative implementations of the present embodiment, the allowable deviation range is ± 0.01 mm. Namely, the allowable deviation ranges of the calculated A-axis rotating radius deviation value, C-axis rotating radius deviation value, A-axis zero deviation value and/or C-axis zero deviation value are all +/-0.01 mm.
In some optional implementations of the present embodiment, the first standing plate 1, the horizontal plate 2, and the second standing plate 3 may be made of metal plates, that is, the first standing plate 1 and the second standing plate 3 are vertically placed metal plates, and the horizontal plate 2 is horizontally placed metal plates. The metal plate may be specifically a stainless steel plate, a carbon steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate, and a plate of a metal material other than those mentioned herein may be used.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a numerical control processing apparatus, including:
the A-axis rotating radius calibration module is used for loading the first vertical plate 1 on the processing platform, controlling the A-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the first vertical plate 1, and calibrating the rotating radius of the A-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the cutter point 4 of the cutter to the first vertical plate 1;
the C-axis rotating radius calibration module is used for loading the horizontal plate piece on the processing platform, controlling the C-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate piece 2, cutting out at least two first frames 21 and a second frame 22 surrounding the first frames 21, and calibrating the rotating radius of the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side edge of each first frame 21 to one side edge of the second frame 22 near the side edge of each first frame 21;
and the zero calibration module is used for loading the second vertical plate 3 on the processing platform, controlling the A shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the second vertical plate 3, cutting out a third square frame 31 and a fourth square frame 32 which can be arranged around the third square frame 31, and performing zero calibration on the A shaft and/or the C shaft by measuring and comparing the distances between the adjacent sides of the third square frame 31 and the fourth square frame 32 in the vertical direction of the second vertical plate 3 and/or in the horizontal direction of the second vertical plate 3.
The computer device comprises a memory, a processor and a network interface which are mutually connected through a system bus in a communication way. It should be noted that only a computer device having components is shown, but it should be understood that not all of the shown components are required to be implemented, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the computer device herein is a device capable of automatically performing numerical calculation and/or information processing according to a preset or stored instruction, and the hardware includes, but is not limited to, a microprocessor, an ApplicAtion Specific IntegrAted Circuit (ASIC), a ProgrAmmAble GAte ArrAy (FPGA), a DigitAl SignAl Processor (DSP), an embedded device, and the like.
The computer device can be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server and other computing devices. The computer equipment can carry out man-machine interaction with a user through a keyboard, a mouse, a remote controller, a touch panel or voice control equipment and the like.
The memory includes at least one type of readable storage medium including a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the storage may be an internal storage unit of the computer device, such as a hard disk or a memory of the computer device. In other embodiments, the memory may also be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk equipped on the computer device, a SmArt Memory CArd (SMC), a Secure DigitAl (SD) CArd, a FlAsh memory CArd (flaash cad), and the like. Of course, the memory may also include both internal and external storage devices of the computer device. In this embodiment, the memory is generally used for storing an operating system installed in the computer device and various types of application software, such as program codes of a method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool. In addition, the memory may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are to be output.
The processor may be a CentrAl Processing Unit (CPU), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other data Processing chip in some embodiments. The processor 62 is typically used to control the overall operation of the computer device. In this embodiment, the processor is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory or process data, for example, execute the program code of the calibration method for the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine.
The network interface may include a wireless network interface or a wired network interface, which is typically used to establish a communication connection between the computer device and other electronic devices.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program is executable by at least one processor, so as to cause the at least one processor to execute the steps of the method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a cnc machine as described above.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or portions thereof that contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, where the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (e.g., ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions for enabling a terminal device (which may be a computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, without limiting the scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein but rather should be construed as broadly as the present disclosure. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or equivalents may be substituted for some of the features. All equivalent structures made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A calibration method for a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
loading a first vertical plate on a processing platform, controlling an A shaft to drive a cutter to rotate to two sides of the first vertical plate, and calibrating the rotation radius of the A shaft by measuring and comparing the distance from the cutter point of the cutter to the first vertical plate;
loading a horizontal plate member on a processing platform, controlling a C shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate member, cutting at least two first frames and a second frame surrounding the first frames, and calibrating the rotation radius of the C shaft by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side edge of each first frame to one side edge of the second frame located near the side edge of each first frame;
loading a second vertical plate on the processing platform, controlling the A shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the second vertical plate, cutting a third frame and a fourth frame which can be arranged around the third frame, and performing zero calibration on the A shaft and/or the C shaft by measuring and comparing distances of close edges of the third frame and the fourth frame in the vertical direction of the second vertical plate and/or in the horizontal direction of the second vertical plate.
2. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the step of calibrating the turning radius of the a-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the tip of the tool to the first erected panel specifically comprises:
measuring the distances from the tool nose of the tool to the two sides of the first vertical plate respectively, and recording as m and n;
comparing the values of m and n;
if the values of m and n are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a deviation value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and supplementing the deviation value into a processing program so as to calibrate the rotating radius of the shaft A and obtain a target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A;
and if the values of m and n are equal or the difference value is within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current A-axis rotating radius, and taking the current A-axis rotating radius as the A-axis rotating radius target value.
3. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the deviation value of the radius of rotation of the a-axis specifically comprises:
measuring the thickness of the first vertical plate, and acquiring a preset reference value, wherein the reference value is a preset distance from a tool nose of the tool to the first vertical plate;
and calculating the deviation value of the rotating radius of the shaft A according to the values of m and n, the thickness of the first vertical plate and the preset reference value.
4. The method for calibrating the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the step of controlling the a shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to the two sides of the first vertical plate specifically comprises the steps of:
controlling the A shaft to rotate by 90 degrees to enable the cutter to rotate to one side of the vertical plate; and controlling the A shaft to rotate by-90 degrees to enable the cutter to rotate to the other side of the upright plate.
5. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein the step of controlling the rotation of the C-axis to rotate the tool to different positions on the same surface of a horizontal plate member and controlling the movement of the processing platform to move the horizontal plate member so that at least two first frames are cut by the tool specifically comprises:
and controlling the C shaft to rotate by 90 degrees to enable the cutter to rotate to a position corresponding to the surface of the horizontal plate piece and controlling the machining platform to move so that the horizontal plate piece moves to be cut into the next first frame by the cutter after each first frame is cut.
6. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 5, wherein the number of the first blocks is four, and the step of calibrating the turning radius of the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side of each of the first blocks to a side of the second block located in the vicinity of the side of each of the first blocks specifically comprises:
measuring the distances between the second frame and the four first frames, and recording as a, b, c and d;
comparing the values of a, b, c and d;
if the values of a, b, C and d are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a C-axis rotating radius deviation value and supplementing the C-axis rotating radius deviation value into a system program so as to calibrate the rotating radius of the C-axis;
and if the values of a, b, C and d are equal or the difference value is within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current rotating radius of the C shaft.
7. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 6, wherein the step of calculating the deviation value of the radius of rotation of the C-axis specifically comprises:
according to the values of a, b, c and d, calculating according to the following formula: and calculating the deviation value beta of the rotating radius of the C shaft according to the sum of beta (a-b) and (C-d) |/2.
8. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 2, wherein said step of performing zero calibration of said a-axis by measuring and comparing distances of adjacent sides of said third and fourth blocks in a vertical direction of said second erected plate comprises:
measuring the distances, recorded as a 'and b', of the third and fourth frames from the near side in the vertical direction of the second upright plate;
comparing the values of a 'and b';
if the values of a 'and b' are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a zero deviation value of an axis A and supplementing the zero deviation value into a system program so as to perform zero calibration on the axis A;
if the values of a 'and b' are equal and/or within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current zero position of the A axis.
9. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 8, wherein the step of calculating the zero offset value of the a axis specifically comprises:
obtaining the target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and obtaining a preset vertical standard value;
and calculating the zero position deviation value of the shaft A according to the values of a 'and b', the target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and the preset vertical standard value.
10. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 2, wherein said step of performing zero calibration of said C-axis by measuring and comparing distances of adjacent sides of said third and fourth blocks in a horizontal direction of said second erected plate comprises:
measuring the distances, c 'and d', of the third square frame and the fourth square frame from the near side in the horizontal direction of the second upright plate;
comparing the values of c 'and d';
if the values of C 'and d' are not equal and are outside the allowable deviation range, calculating a zero position deviation value of the C axis and supplementing the zero position deviation value into a system program so as to perform zero position calibration on the C axis;
if the values of C 'and d' are equal and/or within the allowable deviation range, maintaining the current zero position of the C axis.
11. The method for calibrating a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to claim 10, wherein the step of calculating the zero offset value of the C-axis specifically comprises:
obtaining the target value of the rotating radius of the shaft A and obtaining a preset horizontal standard value;
and calculating the zero position deviation value of the C axis according to the values of C 'and d', the target value of the rotating radius of the A axis and the acquired preset horizontal standard value.
12. A numerical control machining apparatus, characterized by comprising:
the A-axis rotating radius calibration module is used for loading a first vertical plate on the processing platform, controlling the A-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the first vertical plate, and calibrating the rotating radius of the A-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the cutter point of the cutter to the first vertical plate;
the C-axis rotating radius calibration module is used for loading a horizontal plate piece on a processing platform, controlling a C-axis to drive the cutter to rotate to different positions on the same surface of the horizontal plate piece, cutting at least two first frames and a second frame surrounding the first frames, and calibrating the rotating radius of the C-axis by measuring and comparing the distance from the same side edge of each first frame to one side edge of the second frame located near the side edge of each first frame;
and the zero calibration module is used for loading a second vertical plate on the processing platform, controlling the A shaft to drive the cutter to rotate to two sides of the second vertical plate, cutting out a third frame and a fourth frame which can be arranged around the third frame, and performing zero calibration on the A shaft and/or the C shaft by measuring and comparing the distances of the close sides of the third frame and the fourth frame in the vertical direction of the second vertical plate and/or in the horizontal direction of the second vertical plate.
13. A computer apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having a computer program stored therein, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the method for calibrating a rotational axis of a numerically controlled machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for calibrating a rotational axis of a numerically controlled machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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