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CN1133666A - 一套移动通信系统和一种通过移动通信网连接远程工作站和数据通信网的方法 - Google Patents

一套移动通信系统和一种通过移动通信网连接远程工作站和数据通信网的方法 Download PDF

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CN1133666A
CN1133666A CN94193901A CN94193901A CN1133666A CN 1133666 A CN1133666 A CN 1133666A CN 94193901 A CN94193901 A CN 94193901A CN 94193901 A CN94193901 A CN 94193901A CN 1133666 A CN1133666 A CN 1133666A
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马库斯·瓦尔斯塔
迪莫·约基亚霍
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04W76/00—Connection management
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
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Abstract

一套移动通信系统和一种通过移动通信网连接远程工作站和数据网的方法。本发明为了扩展对一目标数据网(24)的连接，通过利用专用的互连计算机(19)与移动交换台(10，15)相结合，使远程工作站(3，4)可以经由无线电路径更灵活地被连接起来。互连计算机(19)在应用移动通信网的远程工作站和它的本地数据网之间起总线的作用，对数据网(24)模拟远程工作站的操作并且维护实际的位于无线电路径后面的远程工作站(3，4)。当远程通信不需要无线电路径时，通过无线电路径建立起的数据连接可以断开，以便把广播时间减到最短，但是互连计算机(19)保持对数据网络的扩展连接有效。

Description

一套移动通信系统和一种通过移动通信网 连接远程工作站和数据通信网的方法
本发明涉及一套移动通信系统，该系统包括：一个移动数据单元，该单元通过一个移动通信网络在数据网中作为远程工作站；一个移动交换台以及在移动数据单元与移动交换台之间建立数据连接的装置。
人们离开他们的台式电话终端自由活动，但又想随时随地地使用他们的电话，这种需求推动了移动通信系统的开发。当自动化开始成为工作环境的一个整体部分时，走出办公室的人们希望在任何地方操作计算机，并且在任何地点与另一地点取得联系。移动通信系统在提供语音业务的同时向提供数据业务方向发展似乎是不可避免的。
计算机技术使生产具有增强的数据处理能力和存储量和用户界面友好的真正轻便的手提式设备成为可能。计算机的这种发展为活动着的人们提供了移动数据服务在技术上和经济上的可行性。在这种情况下，使用者更希望拥有一个移动电话终端来进行语音通信，因此提供数据通信的最好方法是通过移动电话系统来完成，正如利用调制解调器使用常规电话线来进行数据通信。
数字式移动通信系统，如泛欧移动无线电通信系统GSM的加入，意味着在普通的蜂窝网络中支持移动数据通信的一个突破。因为GSM是全部数字化并应用ISDN(综合业务数字网)的一般原理，它本身能够传送数据。从数据网的观点看，GSM并不代表一专用数据通信网，而是一数据存取网。换言之，经由GSM的数据通信是用来为真正的数据网提供通路的。
GSM网为用户提供了各种各样的服务。除了语音和紧急呼叫服务以外，GSM网支持目前远程通信中提供的所有各种低速数据通信服务。唯一的限制是由无线接口容量决定，它限制数据传输率在9.6Kbit/s。
这样，利用GSM系统把一远程工作站和一所需的数据通信网，例如局域网(LAN)连接起来也成为可能。远程工作站通常是一个常规工作站(PC)，它与一个移动单元(移动电话)的数据接口相连接。这样，远程终端就可以利用所配备的、与移动交换台相连的调制解调器通过无线电传播路径传输数据，并进而采取一种调制解调器连接的方法，例如通过带有与自身相连的第二数据调制解调器和数据终端设备的公共电话网络。第二调制解调器通常与一台连接于LAN网的计算机连接。这台计算机通常被用来完成对LAN网的远程数据存取。它通常被称作数据存取服务器(Access Server)。该数据存取服务器有几个数据通信口，调制解调器和一套可以实现一些远程数据存取的软件与这些口相连。相应地，远程工作站必须包括一套软件，以便它可以与存取服务器的软件通信。
可是，上述经由一移动通信系统连接远程工作站和数据网的方法有一些缺点。首先，例如，GSM无线电路径允许9.6Kbit/s的数据传输速率，并且有极低的误码率，约10-8。但是，通过经由一公共电话网转接的调制解调器连接，移动通信网与目标数据网的连接得到扩展。这种调制解调器连接的最大传输速率通常是2.4Kbit/s，并且它的误码率约是10-4到10-5。这样，整个连接将有相同的传输速率和误码率值，这将明显地低于例如GSM网可以提供的速率。第二，从无线电路径的观点来看，现有的技术方法不是十分有效率，因为在移动通信网中必须使用一个电路交换连接，并且，甚至在不存在任何通信的静默期间都要在整个局域网(LAN)上配给无线电资源。
本发明的目的是提供经由一移动通信系统连接远程工作站和数据网的方法，通过这种方法，上面提到的问题将会得到减轻或避免。
上述目的的实现是通过绪论中揭示的移动通信系统，依据本发明，其特点是：该装置还包括一个附加在移动交换台上的互连计算机，该互连计算机扩展连接并且对上述数据网模拟远程工作站。
本发明的另一方面是通过一移动通信网连接远程工作站和数据网的方法，该方法包括：从远程工作站启动一个对话；通过移动通信网中的无线电路径为数据对话建立一数据连接；并且在移动通信网和数据网之间扩展这种连接。依据本发明，该方法的特点是：在数据对话时暂时断开在移动通信网中的上述数据连接，并且当数据连接断开后：
a)上述对数据网的扩展连接被继续维持；
b)在移动通信网方面的被扩展的连接的末端的数据网上，远程工作站的运行被模拟；并且
c)从数据网向远程工作站的通信被监视，并且如果需要的话，就用非交换信号传输把一个通告通过无线电路径传输给远程工作站。
本发明的基本思想是推进更灵活的(从成本和无线电资源的观点来看更有效率的)经由无线电路径的连接，这种推进是利用使用一个专门的与移动交换台相联的互连计算机来实现对目标数据网的扩展连接。这样，该互连计算机在一使用移动通信网的远程工作站和它的本地数据网之间起网间连接器的作用；模拟远程工作站对数据网的运行；并且维护实际的远程工作站，该远程工作站存在于无线电路径后面。通过无线电路径建立起来的数据连接可以断开，以便在数据通信不需要无线电路径时把广播时间减少到最短，但是互连计算机使数据网的扩展连接保持运行状态。当需要与数据网进行数据通信时，该互连计算机应用非交换信息传输技术传输给远程工作站一个通告，因此远程工作站在无线电路径上可以开始重新建立数据连接。如果该远程工作站认为需要，它也可以自己开始数据连接的重新建立。远程工作站的应用视数据通信线路为运行状态，并且在扩展的连接的另一端的数据网也如此。这样本发明允许有在整个对话期保持的一个虚拟的连接；另一方面，只有在真正需要数据通信时才分配无线电资源。另外，互连计算机直接与相配的局域网或广域网连接，因此应用无线电路径的全数据传输速率和高误码率技术时，可以避免通过常规的电话网建立调制解调器连接。
下面将依据附图对本发明进行描述，其中：
图1是依据本发明的一套移动通信网和它与数据网连接的图解，
图2是图1所示的交换台MSC与互连计算机19连接的更详细的方框图。
本发明适用于所有将远程工作站和数据网连接起来的数字移动通信系统。本发明可以特别地，具有优势地应用于泛欧数字移动通信系统GSM和其它类似的数字系统，诸如DCS1800和PCN(个人通信网)。虽然本发明的最佳实施例将在下面根据GSM系统中的一个应用进行描述，但是本发明的应用绝不仅限于此。
ETSI GSM说明书和M.Moyly和M.B.Pautet所著GSMSystem Mobile Communications，Palaiseau，France，ISBN：2-9507190-0-7一书中涉及更详细的GSM系统的构造和功能。
图1以图解形式显示了GSM蜂窝式无线电话系统的一部分。在此蜂窝式无线电系统，系统所覆盖的区域被分成若干无线网孔(radio cell)。基站系统BSS(图中显示了一个系统)通过数字传输线路4(图中显示了一条线路)与移动交换台MSC10连接。每套基站系统BSS包括一个基站控制器BSC(未显示)，一个或更多的基站BTS(未显示)以类似方式通过数字传输线路与之相连。一个基站BTS的无线电覆盖区域典型地形成一个无线网孔。从基站BTS1到BTS4，每一基站都有一个预置数目的物理无线电信道。一个GSM信号(物理信道)由若干个TDMA帧组成，每一个TDMA帧最好包括8个时隙，逻辑信道在这8个时隙中传输。逻辑信道包含通信信道和控制信道，通信信道供与存在于网孔中的移动无线电台MS建立的呼叫(语音和数据)使用，控制信道是为了与存在于网孔之中的移动无线电台MS(移动单元)传输信令用的。在通信信道中可以建立语音连接、V.100-rated 64-Kbit/s全双工数据连接或9.6/4.8/2.4Kbit/s的数据连接。在数据连接的两端典型地需要一个专门的适配器用来适配对终端设备和/或其它通信线路/通信系统的数据连接。与移动单元相关联的适配器通常被称为终端适配器，在网端的适配器被称为网络终端IWF。在GSM移动无线电网中，这类网络终端置于与移动交换台MSC相连接。
为了清楚，图2只显示了一个交换域11和移动交换台MSC10的呼叫控制；在这种情况下，呼叫控制是一个分散式计算机系统，它包括计算机12、13和互连信息总线14。实际上，MSC可以包含很多不同的设备。交换域11可以是一套模拟的或数字的交换设备，它有选择地对由基站系统BSS经内传输线4进入的语音和数字连接和由移动交换台经传输线5进入的语音和数字连接进行转接。作为这种数字交换台的一个例子，Nokia的DX 200 MSC值得一提。
一个网络终端单元15(IWF)并联地与交换域11连接。一个或更多网络终端单元可以类似地并联地与交换域11连接。该网络终端单元15包括一个在端口P1的一侧的传输单元COCA 24。该CO-CA维护交换台MSC和基站BTS之间的传输连接所需的功能，例如多路传输。在这种情况下，传输连接是一个2-Mbit/s的PCM连接，在其上传输30个信道。对于每个信道提供一个数据通信服务适配器DASA17，COCA24把它与信道相连并且它在GSM数据连接和一个V.24接口18之间提供匹配。对于经由一公共交换电话网PSTN已建立的常规的调制解调器连接，网络终端单元15包括一个由三个不同类型的调制解调器组成的调制解调器组16。调制解调器的控制接口与V.24接口18相连，它的线路或调制解调器接口与交换域11相连。
在图1中，远程工作站设备包括一个移动无线电台3(MS)和一台与移动无线电台3相连的远程工作站4(例如一台个人计算机PC)。为了数据通信，在一逻辑通信信道上，借助于移动无线电台3(移动电话)与基站系统BSS之间的无线电线路建立起了从远程工作站3、4到交换台MSC10的上述的数据连接。
关于图2，借助于调制解调器交换域11向网络终端单元15为常规数据通信(的方式)交换一个数据连接。在网络终端单元，DASAs17中的一个转接数据连接至V.24接口18，并通过它转接至数据调制解调器16。数据调制解调器16的线路接口(调制解调器接口)与一常规的线路的连接相连，该常规的线路的连接在这种特殊情况下举例来说经由公共交换电话网PSTN与另外一个数据调制解调器(未显示)连接。各调制解调器用正常的方式在它们之间已建立起来的通道上收发信号。远程工作站3、4经由GSM数据连接依次控制数据调制解调器16的运行，并分别传输数据到数据调制解调器16，且接收从调制解调器16传输来的数据。
在图1中所示的本发明的最佳实施例中，一台互连计算机19为与其它数据网例如LAN网连接而附连在交换台MSC上。该互连计算机在下文中将被称作中介19，在远程工作站4和所需LAN之间建立一总线。网络终端单元15有DASAs 17中的至少一个用于使一9.6Kbit/S GSM数据连接与V.24接口相互连接，V.24接口与中介计算机19连接。换言之，中介计算机19是作为一种PAD(数据包装配拆卸Packet Assembly/Disassembly)连接到MSC上的，对这种连接GSM推荐标准中已定义了专门的接口。不需要任何调制解调器。
中介计算机19最好是一台典型地运行OS/22.X，WindowsNT或UNIX操作系统的商用计算机。图1中所示的本发明的最佳实施例中，GSM操作员有自己本地的LAN线路20来用于与MSC、中介计算机19和一些用户局域网互连。中介计算机19直接与该本地的局域网线路20相连。
在本发明的最佳实施例中，应用于公用数据网的协议是TCP/IP(传输控制协议/互连网协议)。换言之，依据本发明的解决方法为移动通信网的远程工作站提供了IP服务。远程工作站4和中介计算机19之间的协议是虚拟信道协议(VCP)，该协议是由Nokia公司提出并开发的。VCP比IP层更低。远程工作站4在它可能的本地IP地址外还有一专用的GSM/IP地址。GSM/IP地址由GSM/数据网操作员分配，并且一个与用户的本地LAN例如公用Internet网22相连的路由器21被配置用来处理这个GSM/IP地址。另外，移动通信网有专门的GSM/ARP(GSM specific Address ResolutionProtocolGSM专用地址转化协议)和GSM/RARP(GSM specificReverse Address Resolution Protocol GSM专用反向地址转化协议)协议。GSM/ARP用于确定来自IP地址的GSM电话号码，同时，GSM/RARP用于确定来自GSM电话号码的IP地址。
远程工作站4如希望开启一数据对话就拨为中介计算机19预定的电话号码，并开始在移动单元MS3和交换台MSC10之间建立一GSM数据连接，这样，交换域11向网络终端单元15发送数据呼叫指令，中介计算机19与该网络终端15相连。中介计算机19包括一数据库，该数据库中保存有授权使用该数据业务的用户信息。该中介计算机19核对用户权限并生成一个中介处理程序来为此新的连接服务。中介计算机19随后通过路由器23向一用户LAN24扩展该连接。中介计算机19模拟远程工作站对位于扩展连接另一端的用户局域网24的操作。
当远程工作站4的用户希望打开/断开(free/release)无线电连接时，他/她通知中介计算机19：MS3和远程工作站4从现在开始将要进入手动开启(manual release)状态。中介计算机19维持扩展连接并继续在用户—局域网中通过监视与远程工作站的通信情况来充当远程工作站的角色。如果在用户—局域网中出现与远程工作站有关的事情(例如电子邮件)，中介计算机19借助于非交换信息传输(技术)经由无线电路径通知远程工作站4，例如GSM短信息业务(SMS)。这样用户有责任采取某种手段(例如阅读电子邮件)重新建立与中介计算机19的GSM数据连接。
另一种选择是采用GSM数据连接的自动断开。当一段足够长时间的中断，即一段预置的时间出现在数据通信中时，远程工作站4的数据通信软件自动地断开连接。中断时间的长短会在每一连接建立之初协商好。中介计算机19维持扩展连接并继续对用户LAN24模拟一远程工作站的运行。如果该远程工作站4有数据向用户LAN传输，远程通信软件就对中介计算机19建立一数据连接。如果用户LAN24有数据向远程工作站4传输，中介计算机19向远程工作站4的远程通信软件传输一短信息，该软件即重新建立数据连接。因为中介计算机19已经在运行，并且对LAN24的扩展连接已经建立起来，对中介计算机19的数据连接的建立是全部所需要的，因此重新建立连接所需要的时间就相当地短。
可以将图中所示的GSM操作员的本地LAN线路20省略，将中介计算机19和路由器23集成一体，并将集成后的单元直接与远程通信网22连接。
同样，在其它方面，与本发明有关的图和描述只是为了以图解的形式解释本发明。在本文所附的权利要求书的范围内，本发明的具体实现有多种方案。

Claims (11)

1.移动通信系统包括：
一个移动数据单元(3，4)，该单元通过一个移动通信网在数据网(24)中作为远程工作站；
一个移动交换台(10，15)；
在移动数据单元(3，4)和移动交换台(10，15)之间建立数据连接的装置；
其特征是该装置还包括一台连接在移动交换台(10，15)上的互连计算机(19)，该互连计算机用于扩展连接并对上述数据网(24)模拟远程工作站(3，4)的运行。
2.根据权利要求1所述的移动通信系统，其特征是：移动交换台(10，15)建立一数据连接，并将它传给互连计算机(19)以响应一个由移动数据单元(3，4)拨出的互连计算机的预置数。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的移动通信系统，其特征是：在对话期间当移动数据单元和移动交换台之间的数据连接暂时断开时，互连计算机对上述数据网维持扩展连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的移动通信系统，其特征是：上述数据网(24)是一个局域网(LAN)，最好是一个TCP/IP网。
5.根据权利要求1所述的移动通信系统系统，其特征是：该系统包括一个互连计算机(19)与之相连的局域网(20)。
6.经由一个移动通信网连接远程工作站和数据网的方法，该方法包括：
从远程工作站开启一对话；
为数据对话在移动通信网中通过无线电路径建立一个数据连接；
扩展移动通信网和数据网之间的连接；
其特征是：在数据对话期间暂时地断开移动通信网中的上述数据连接，当数据连接断开后：
a)继续维持上述对数据网的扩展连接；
b)在移动通信网方面的被扩展的连接的末端的数据网上，远程工作站的运行被模拟；
c)从数据网向远程工作站的通信被监视，并且如果需要，就用非交换信息传输把一个通告通过无线电路径传输给远程工作站。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征是：在移动通信网中，在对话期间远程工作站主动重新建立上述数据连接。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征是：上述数据连接的断开被远程工作站的用户手动地开启。
9.根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征是：在数据连接中的上次通信过程后，经过一段预置的时间间隔，上述数据连接的断开被自动地开启。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征是：上述预定时间在每次数据对话之初可以协商好。
11.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征是：上述非交换信息传输被作为短信息传输来执行。
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US5896369A (en) 1999-04-20
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