CN113348205A - 稳定无卤热塑性回收物的方法、塑料组合物、稳定剂组合物及稳定剂组合物的用途 - Google Patents
稳定无卤热塑性回收物的方法、塑料组合物、稳定剂组合物及稳定剂组合物的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113348205A CN113348205A CN202080010932.8A CN202080010932A CN113348205A CN 113348205 A CN113348205 A CN 113348205A CN 202080010932 A CN202080010932 A CN 202080010932A CN 113348205 A CN113348205 A CN 113348205A
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- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及稳定无卤热塑性回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解的方法。本发明还涉及相应稳定的塑料组合物、用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物的稳定剂组合物及其用途。
Description
本发明涉及用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解的方法。本发明的主题同样是相应稳定的塑料组合物、用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物的稳定剂组合物及其用途。
塑料回收物是一个不断增长的市场,也是自然资源回收管理的重要元素,理想情况下,回收物旨在替代具有相同或至少相当的性质概况的新塑料。然而,对于来自塑料件的制备的回收物(所谓的“后工业”回收物),尤其是废塑料(所谓的“消费后”回收物),由于在最初加工步骤(例如混配、注塑)和使用过程中许多年不可逆的机械化学、化学或光诱导过程,导致聚合物链经常变化(参见例如R.Pfaendner等人,Angew.Makromol.Chemie 1995,232,193-227;J.Pospisil等人,Pol.Degr.Stab.1995,48,351-358)。新的化学基团在聚合物链中产生和/或聚合物的组成在氧存在下通过自由基反应在分子水平上发生变化,通常称为自氧化。老化过程中产生的基团在此通常是羰基、醛基或酸基,特别是在聚烯烃例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯的情况下。这些新形成的基团的浓度随着使用时间的长短和使用面积(紫外线、高温、接触介质)而增加。回收物的结构不均匀性影响塑料性能,例如机械性能。此外,回收物或预损伤的塑料比作为新材料对氧化更敏感,因为降解产物作为进一步氧化的引发剂位点或作为促降解剂(A.S.Maxwell,Pol.Eng.Sci.2008,381-385;I.H.Craig,J.R.White,J.Mater.Sci.2006,41,993-1006)。使用选定的稳定剂(如抗氧化剂)进行后稳定是实现塑料回收物质量改进的重要方法。使用的稳定剂保护回收物免受进一步氧化(或光氧化)损害或至少延迟该损害。由于描述的回收物和新产品的结构差异,优化的用于回收物的稳定剂组合物也与新产品的稳定组合物不同(参见例如R.Pfaendner,KunststoffeInternational 12/2015,41-44)。
由于现在认识到的新塑料产品和塑料回收物之间的差异,特殊回收物稳定剂组合物已广为人知,并且也可作为商业产品得到(例如BYK-Chemie GmbH,Bensheim的Recyclostab产品)。考虑到回收物需求的已知的技术稳定解决方案例如:在以下专利/专利申请中所述:
由酚类抗氧化剂、亚磷酸盐、和脂肪酸盐组成的稳定组合物(EP 0662101)。
由酚类抗氧化剂、亚磷酸盐、和金属氧化物例如氧化钙组成的稳定组合物(US6525158,US 6251972)。
由酚类抗氧化剂和多官能环氧化物组成的稳定组合物(EP 0702704)。
通过大环哌啶来稳定(US 5789470)。
由芳香族仲胺和多官能环氧化物组成的稳定组合物(WO 97/30112)。
羟胺对受损害的聚烯烃的变色(EP 0470048)。
用于回收薄膜的抗氧化剂、润滑剂、抗粘连剂、UV稳定剂和抗静电剂的混合物(DD288161)。
用于由酚类抗氧化剂和亚磷酸酯/亚膦酸酯组成的混合塑料的稳定组合物(EP0506614)。
尽管有用于回收物后稳定化的已知解决方案,但仍然需要用于用根据本发明的组合物获得的回收物的特别高性能、环保并且便宜的稳定剂组合物。
以前的回收物稳定剂(见上文)是用于新塑料稳定剂的修改;提到的组合均不能与老化/氧化时经常产生的羰基相互作用或反应。因此,本发明表现了稳定塑料回收物的新方法。
WO 97/30112描述了由芳香族仲胺和多官能环氧化物组成的稳定组合物。然而,它们是(半)芳香族胺而不是脂肪族胺。此外还有EP 0470048(参见附录,羟胺对受损害聚烯烃的变色)。此处提到的羟胺具有游离的OH基团,因此在结构上不同于提到的包括游离氨基的羟胺醚或羟胺酯。
因此,本发明的目的是提供稳定无卤热塑性回收物的手段和途径。
该目的通过如下来实现:关于权利要求1的特征的稳定方法;关于权利要求11的特征的稳定塑料回收物组合物;关于权利要求20的特征的稳定剂组合物;和关于权利要求24的特征的稳定剂组合物的使用目的。相应的从属权利要求代表有利的进一步发展。
因此,本发明的主题进入第一方面:用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解的方法,其中
(A)至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,
组合
(B)至少一种主抗氧化剂和/或
(C)至少一种次抗氧化剂,
被引入无卤热塑性回收物中,而不使用糖醇或环醇。
令人惊奇的是,可发现能够与塑料回收物中存在的羰基反应的化合物具有有效保护相应塑料回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解的高潜力。
根据一个优选的实施方案,至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物选自脂肪族伯胺、脂肪族仲胺、硫醇、羟胺醚、羟胺酯、肼、低聚物,或具有与脂肪族碳键合的醇基的聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇及其与乙酸乙烯酯的共聚物或多羟基(甲基)丙烯酸酯和乙内酰脲或乙内酰硫脲。
具有与脂族碳键合的醇基团的示例性低聚物/聚合物是例如具有如下所示结构的化合物:
与上述化合物相关的指数n优选表示1至10。
引入至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,其特别有利地选自月桂胺、硬脂胺、六亚甲基二胺、癸二胺、十二烷二胺、二月桂胺、二硬脂胺、1-十二烷硫醇、1-十六烷硫醇、聚己内酯-四-3-巯基丙酸酯、重均分子量为1000克/摩尔至50000克/摩尔的聚乙烯醇、重均分子量为1000克/摩尔至50000克/摩尔的多羟基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、咪唑烷-2-4-二酮和具有以下结构的化合物:
根据本发明,塑料回收物理解为根据标准DIN EN 15347:2007的术语定义的回收物。此外,存在对于多种塑料回收物的相关国际标准。例如DIN EN 15353:2007与PET塑料回收物相关。PS回收物更详细地描述于DIN EN 15342:2008中。PE回收物按照DIN EN 15344:2008进行处理。PP回收物在DIN EN 15345:2008中进行了表征。为了相应的具体塑料回收物的目的,本发明结合了这些国际标准的定义。
与新塑料不同,塑料回收物通常具有预损伤,即通过氧化或(光)氧化过程在聚合物链上产生新的化学基团。对于聚烯烃,这些是例如在新产品中不存在或仅以高度从属的程度存在的羰基。因此,羰基的浓度同时是聚合物预损伤的量度。羰基浓度可以根据已知分析方法确定,所述分析方法例如红外光谱,例如描述于E.Richaud等人,Pol.Degr.Stab.2009,94,410-420。在这种情况下,测量1720cm-1区域内的羰基振动的吸收。
根据本发明,“无卤素”应理解为使得热塑性塑料包含小于1%的卤化聚合物,例如PVC或PVDC。无卤热塑性塑料优选包含小于0.5%、特别优选小于0.1%的卤化聚合物。非常特别优选不含卤素的热塑性塑料根本不包含任何卤化聚合物。
在根据本发明的方法中,将至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(成分(A))组合至少一种主抗氧化剂(成分(B))和/或至少一种次抗氧化剂(成分(C))引入无卤热塑性回收物中。成分(A)至(C)在此可单独或彼此分开引入塑料回收物。或者,可以将成分(A)至(C)以包含成分(A)至(C)的组合物形式或以由成分(A)至(C)组成的组合物形式一起引入塑料回收物中。
在使用至少一种主抗氧化剂和至少一种次抗氧化剂的情况下,它们也可以单独或彼此分开或一起以混合物的形式引入塑料回收物中。
根据本发明使用的成分(A)组合除成分(A)以外使用的成分(B)和/或化合物(C)一起充当无卤热塑性回收物的稳定剂,其中抑制或防止无卤热塑性回收物的氧化、热和/或光化降解。换言之,通过将成分(A)和任选另外的成分(B)引入无卤热塑性回收物来稳定塑料以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解。
根据本发明的方法中使用的无卤热塑性回收物优选为聚烯烃回收物,例如聚丙烯回收物或聚乙烯回收物。
此外,根据本发明的组合物特别适于稳定预损伤的回收物、特别是聚烯烃回收物,其羰基含量通过红外光谱吸收测定为至少0.01摩尔/千克,优选大于0.02摩尔/千克,特别优选大于0.05摩尔/千克。
在一个优选的实施方案中,至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)选自酚类抗氧化剂、胺类、内酯类,及其混合物。
例如,如下物质可以用作酚类抗氧化剂:
烷基化单酚,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2,6-二-叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚、2,6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚、2-(α-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二十八烷基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三环己基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚,直链或支链壬基酚,例如2,6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十一烷-1'-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十七烷)-1'-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十三烷-1'-基)苯酚及其混合物;
烷硫基甲基苯酚,例如2,4-二辛硫甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚、2,4-二辛硫甲基-6-甲基苯酚、2,4-二辛硫甲基-6-乙基苯酚、2,6-二十二烷基硫甲基-4-壬基苯酚;
氢醌和烷基化氢醌,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚、2,5-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔戊基氢醌、2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基硬脂酸酯、双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)己二酸酯;
生育酚,例如α-生育酚、β-生育酚、γ-生育酚、δ-生育酚及其混合物(维生素E);
羟基化硫代二苯醚,例如2,2'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-硫代双(4-辛基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代双(3,6-二仲戊基苯酚)、4,4'-双(2,6-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)二硫化物;
烷基化双酚,例如2,2'-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基环己基)苯酚]、2,2'-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双(6-壬基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亚乙基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亚乙基双(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双[6-(α-甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]、2,2'-亚甲基双[6-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]、4,4'-亚甲基双(2,6-二-叔丁基苯酚)、4,4'-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、2,6-双(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚、1,1,3-三(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、1,1-双(5-叔-丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、乙二醇-双[3,3-双(3'-叔丁基-4'-羟基苯基)丁酸酯]、双(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)二环戊二烯、双[2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苄基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基]对苯二甲酸酯、1,1-双-(3,5-二甲基-2-羟基苯基)丁烷、2,2-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、1,1,5,5-四(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷;
O-、N-和S-苄基化合物,例如3,5,3',5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-二羟基二苄基醚、4-羟基-3,5-二甲基苄基巯基乙酸十八烷基酯、4-羟基-3,5-二-叔丁基苄基巯基乙酸十三烷基酯、三(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)胺、双(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)二硫代对苯二甲酸酯、双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫化物、3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基乙酸异辛基酯;
羟基苄基化丙二酸酯,例如2,2-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-2-羟基苄基)丙二酸二十八烷基酯、2-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苄基)丙二酸二十八烷基酯、2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸双十二烷基巯基乙酯、双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯;
芳香族羟基苄基化合物,例如1,3,5-三(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯、1,4-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,3,5,6-四甲基苯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯酚;
三嗪化合物,例如2,4-双(辛基巯基)-6-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛基巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛基巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,2,3-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯乙基)-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯;
苄基膦酸酯,例如二甲基-2,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯、二乙基-3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯、二(十八烷基)-3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯、二(十八烷基)-5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苄基膦酸酯、3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯的钙盐;
酰基氨基苯酚,例如4-羟基月桂酰苯胺、4-羟基硬脂酰苯胺、N-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)氨基甲酸辛酯;
β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,所述一元或多元醇例如甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷酸-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷;
β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,所述一元或多元醇例如甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷酸-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷、3,9-双[2-{3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酰氧基}-1,1-二甲基乙基]-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷;
β-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,一元或多元醇例如甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷酸-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷;
β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)乙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,所述一元或多元醇例如甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷酸-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷;
β-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸的酰胺,例如N,N'-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二酰胺、N,N'-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二酰胺、N,N'-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二酰胺、N,N'-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)酰肼、N,N'-双[2-(3-[3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基]丙酰氧基)乙基]草酰胺(XL-1,由Addivant出售);
抗坏血酸(维生素C)。
特别优选的酚类抗氧化剂具有以下结构:
非常特别优选的酚类抗氧化剂是3-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基酯和季戊四醇四(3-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯)。
进一步优选的酚类抗氧化剂是基于可持续自然资源的酚类抗氧化剂,例如生育酚(维生素E)、生育三烯酚、生育单烯酚、类胡萝卜素、羟基酪醇、黄酮醇如白杨素、槲皮素、橙皮苷、橘皮苷、柚皮苷、桑色素、樟脑油、非瑟酮、花青素如飞燕草素和锦葵素、姜黄素、鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚、迷迭香酸、单宁和白藜芦醇。
非常特别优选使用酚类抗氧化剂季戊四醇-四[3-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯或3-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基酯作为主抗氧化剂。
例如,以下物质可用作胺类抗氧化剂:
N,N'-二异丙基-对苯二胺、N,N'-二仲丁基-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1,4-二甲基戊基)-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1-乙基-3-甲基戊基)-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1-甲基庚基)-对苯二胺、N,N'-二环己基-对苯二胺、N,N'-二苯基-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(2-萘基)-对苯二胺、N-异丙基-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1-甲基庚基)-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-环己基-N'-苯基-对苯二胺,4-(对甲苯氨磺酰基)二苯胺、N,N'-二甲基-N,N'-二仲丁基-对苯二胺、二苯胺、N-烯丙基二苯胺、4-异丙氧基二苯胺、N-苯基-1-萘胺、N-(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-萘胺、N-苯基-2-萘胺、辛基化二苯胺,例如对,对'-二叔辛基二苯胺、4-正丁基氨基苯酚、4-丁氨基苯酚、4-壬酰氨基苯酚、4-十二酰氨基苯酚、4-十八酰氨基苯酚、双(4-甲氧基苯基)胺、2,6-二叔丁基-4-二甲氨基甲基苯酚、2,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、1,2-双[(2-甲基-苯基)氨基]乙烷、1,2-双(苯基氨基)丙烷、(邻甲苯基)双胍、双[4-(1',3'-二甲基丁基)苯基]胺、叔辛基化N-苯基-1-萘胺、单烷基化和二烷基化叔丁基/叔辛基二苯胺的混合物、单烷基化和二烷基化壬基二苯胺的混合物、单烷基化和二烷基化十二烷基二苯胺的混合物、单烷基化和二烷基化异丙基/异己基二苯胺的混合物、单烷基化和二烷基化叔丁基二苯胺的混合物、2,3-二氢-3,3-二甲基-4H-1,4-苯并噻嗪、吩噻嗪、单烷基化和二烷基化叔丁基/叔辛基吩噻嗪的混合物、单烷基化和二烷基化叔辛基吩噻嗪的混合物、N-烯丙基吩噻嗪、N,N,N',N'-四苯基-1,4-二氨基丁-2-烯及其混合物或组合。
优选的胺类抗氧化剂是:
N,N'-二异丙基-对苯二胺、N,N'-二仲丁基-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1,4-二甲基戊基)-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1-乙基-3-甲基戊基)-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1-甲基庚基)-对苯二胺、N,N'-二环己基-对苯二胺、N,N'-二苯基-对苯二胺、N,N'-双(2-萘基)-对苯二胺、N-异丙基-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1-甲基庚基)-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-环己基-N'-苯基-对苯二胺。
进一步优选的胺类抗氧化剂是羟胺或N-氧化物(硝酮),例如N,N-二烷基羟胺、N,N-二苄基羟胺、N,N-二月桂基羟胺、N,N-二硬脂基羟胺、N-苄基-α苯基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十六烷基硝酮和根据下式的Genox EP(由Addivant销售):
R1、R2=C14-C24烷基。
优选的内酯是:
苯并呋喃酮和吲哚酮,例如3-(4-(2-乙酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃-2-酮、5,7-二叔丁基-3-[4-(2-硬脂酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]苯并呋喃-2-酮、3,3'-双[5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-(2-羟基乙氧基]苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮)、5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-乙氧基苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(4-乙酰氧基-3,5-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(3,5-二甲基-4-新戊酰氧基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(2,3-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃-2-酮以及另外含有亚磷酸酯基团的内酯,例如
另一组合适的抗氧化剂是异吲哚酚[2,1-A]chinazoniles,例如
根据本发明的方法的另一优选变体的特征在于,至少一种次抗氧化剂选自磷化合物、特别是亚磷酸酯和亚膦酸酯,有机硫化合物、特别是硫化物和二硫化物,及其混合物。
例如,以下物质可用作亚磷酸酯或亚膦酸酯:
亚磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸二苯基烷基酯、亚磷酸苯基二烷基酯、亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯、亚磷酸三月桂酯、亚磷酸三(十八烷基)酯、二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、三-(2,4-二-叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯、二异癸基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二-叔丁基-丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二枯基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,6-二-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、二异癸氧基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二-叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4,6-三(叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、三硬脂基山梨醇三亚磷酸酯、四(2,4-二-叔丁基苯基)-4,4'-联苯二亚磷酸酯、6-异辛氧基-2,4,8,10-四-叔丁基-12H-二苯并[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧膦酸、双(2,4-二-叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)甲基亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)乙基亚磷酸酯、6-氟-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基-12-甲基-二苯并[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧膦酸、2,2'2”-腈基[三乙基三(3,3”,5,5'-四叔丁基-1,1'-联苯-2,2'-二基)亚磷酸酯]、2-乙基己基(3,3',5,5'-四叔丁基-1,1'-联苯-2,2'-二基))亚磷酸酯、5-丁基-5-乙基-2-(2,4,6-三-叔丁基苯氧基)-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂环丙烷。
特别优选的亚磷酸酯/亚膦酸酯是:
亚磷酸酯三(2,4-d-叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯特别优选用作次抗氧化剂。
优选的硫化合物是:
硫代二丙酸二硬脂酯、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯;二硫代丙酸二(十三烷基)酯、硫代二丙酸二(十四烷基)酯、3-(十二烷基硫代)-1,1'-[2,2-双[[3-(十二烷基硫代)-1-氧代丙氧基]甲基]-1,3-丙二基]丙酸酯。
特别优选使用具有以下结构的硫化合物。
在方法中使用主抗氧化剂和次抗氧化剂两者的情况下,如果成分(B)(主抗氧化剂)是酚类抗氧化剂和成分(C)(次抗氧化剂)是亚磷酸酯或亚膦酸酯,则是优选的。
在一个进一步优选的实施方案中,成分(B)和(C)包含可持续的自然资源。
根据本发明方法的一个进一步优选变体,将成分(A)以与成分(B)和/或成分(C)为90:10至10:90、优选80:20至20:80、特别优选60:40至40:60的重量比引入无卤热塑性回收物中。
此外,有利的是,在每种情况下,相对于塑料回收物与成分(A)至(C)的重量总和,将0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.10重量%至0.30重量%的至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A),和0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的至少一种主抗氧化剂(B),和/或0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)引入无卤热塑性回收物中。
成分(A)和(B)和/或(C)可由此引入无卤热塑性回收物中,使得作为固体存在的成分(A)和(B)和/或(C)与作为固体存在的无卤热塑性回收物混合,并且将由此产生的混合物熔化和随后冷却,或作为固体存在的成分(A)和(B)和/或(C)和由此产生的熔体引入无卤热塑性回收物的熔体中。
可以压实粉末、颗粒、溶液或薄片形式存在的成分(A)、(B)和/或(C)优选与待稳定的聚合物混合,将聚合物基质转移到熔体中并且随后冷却。作为替代,同样可以将添加剂引入熔融状态的聚合物熔体中。
无卤热塑性回收物优选选自a)回收的烯烃或二烯烃的聚合物,例如聚乙烯、特别是LDPE、LLDPE、VLDPE、ULDPE、MDPE、HDPE和UHMWPE、茂金属PE(m-PE)、聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚-4-甲基-戊烯-1、聚丁二烯、聚异戊二烯、聚环辛烯、聚亚烷基-一氧化碳共聚物,以及相应的统计或嵌段结构形式的共聚物,例如聚丙烯-聚乙烯(EP)、EPM或EPDM、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、乙烯-丙烯酸酯例如乙烯丙烯酸丁酯、乙烯-丙烯酸丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,以及相应的接枝聚合物,例如聚丙烯马来酸酐、聚丙烯-接枝-丙烯酸和聚乙烯-接枝-丙烯酸,
b)回收的聚苯乙烯、聚甲基苯乙烯、聚乙烯基萘、苯乙烯丁二烯(SB)、苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯(SBS)、苯乙烯乙烯丁烯苯乙烯(SEBS)、苯乙烯乙烯丙烯苯乙烯、苯乙烯异戊二烯、苯乙烯异戊二烯苯乙烯(SIS)、苯乙烯丁二烯丙烯腈(ABS)、苯乙烯丙烯腈丙烯酸酯(ASA)、苯乙烯乙烯、苯乙烯马来酸酐聚合物,包括相应的接枝共聚物,例如丁二烯上的苯乙烯、SBS或SEBS上的马来酸酐,和甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯丁二烯和ABS(MABS)的接枝共聚物,
c)回收的不饱和酯的聚合物,例如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯,例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚丙烯酸丁酯、聚丙烯酸月桂酯、聚丙烯酸硬脂酯、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酰胺,共聚物,例如聚丙烯腈-聚丙烯酸烷基酯,
d)回收的不饱和醇的聚合物及其衍生物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛,
e)回收的聚乙酸酯,例如聚甲醛(POM),和相应的共聚物,例如与丁醛的共聚物,
f)回收的聚苯醚以及与聚苯乙烯或聚酰胺的共混物,
g)回收的环醚的聚合物,例如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚环氧乙烷、聚环氧丙烷,
h)回收的羟基封端聚醚或聚酯和芳香族或脂肪族异氰酸酯的聚氨酯,特别是线性聚氨酯、聚脲,
i)回收的聚酰胺,例如聚酰胺6、6.6、6.10、4.6、4.10、6.12、12.12、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12和(半)芳香族聚酰胺,例如聚邻苯二甲酰胺,例如由对苯二甲酸和/或间苯二甲酸与脂肪族二胺或由脂肪族二羧酸如己二酸或癸二酸与芳香族二胺如1,4-或1,3-二氨基苯制备,
j)回收的聚酰胺、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酯酰亚胺、聚(醚)酮、聚砜、聚醚砜、聚芳砜、聚苯硫醚、聚苯并咪唑、聚乙内酰脲,
k)回收的脂肪族或芳香族二元羧酸和二醇的聚酯或羟基羧酸的聚酯,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸1,4-二甲基环己烷酯、多羟基苯甲酸酯、多羟基萘甲酸酯、聚乳酸,
l)回收的聚碳酸酯、聚酯碳酸酯及其共混物,例如PC/ABS、PC/PBT、PC/PET/PBT,
m)回收的纤维素衍生物,例如硝酸纤维素、乙酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素、丁酸纤维素,
n)以及两种或多于两种上述聚合物的混合物、组合或共混物。
对于无卤热塑性回收物中添加其他成分的情况,它们可以分别以液体、粉末、颗粒或压实产品的形式混合到聚合物中,或者与根据本发明的添加剂组合物一起混合到聚合物中,如上所述。
至少一种添加剂可优选另外引入无卤热塑性回收物,所述至少一种添加剂选自UV吸收剂、光稳定剂、金属减活剂、填料减活剂、抗臭氧剂、成核剂、抗成核剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、流变改性剂、触变剂、扩链剂、荧光增白剂、抗菌活性剂(例如杀生物剂)、抗静电剂、滑爽剂、抗粘连剂、偶联剂、交联剂、支化剂、抗交联剂、亲水剂、疏水剂、粘合剂、分散剂、增容剂、除氧剂、除酸剂、膨胀剂、降解添加剂、消泡剂、除臭味剂、标记剂、防雾剂、增加导电性和/或导热性的添加剂、红外线吸收剂或红外线反射剂、光泽改进剂、消光剂、防水剂、填料、增强材料及其混合物。
还优选至少一种添加剂另外引入无卤热塑性回收物,至少一种添加剂选自包含如下物质的组
a)除酸剂,优选硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸铝、硬脂酸钙、乳酸钙、硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙、水滑石,特别是基于铝、镁和锌的合成水滑石,水铝钙石,沸石,碱土金属氧化物、特别是氧化钙和氧化镁,碱土金属碳酸盐、特别是碳酸钙、碳酸镁和白云石,和氢氧化物、特别是水镁石,
b)光稳定剂、特别是选自受阻胺类的光稳定剂,光稳定剂可同时作为长期热稳定剂,
c)分散剂,
d)填料减活剂,和
其混合物。
合适的光稳定剂是例如基于2-(2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-羟基二苯甲酮、苯甲酸酯、丙烯酸酯、草酰胺和2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪的化合物。
合适的2-(2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑是例如,2-(2'-羟基-5'甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(5'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羟基-5'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-仲丁基-5'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羟基-4'-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二叔戊基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2'-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-十二烷基)-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基苯并三唑、2,2'-亚甲基双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并三唑-2-基苯酚];2-[3'-叔丁基-5'-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)-2'-羟基苯基]-2H-苯并三唑与聚乙二醇300的酯交换产物;[R-CH2CH2-COO-CH2CH2-]-2,其中R=3'-叔丁基-4'-羟基-5'-2H-苯并三唑-2-基苯基,2-[2'-羟基-3'-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-5'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]苯并三唑,2-[2'-羟基-3'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-5'-(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]苯并三唑。
合适的2-羟基二苯甲酮是例如,4-羟基-、4-甲氧基-、4-辛氧基-、4-癸氧基-4-十二烷氧基、4-苄氧基、4,2',4'-三羟基-和2-羟基二苯甲酮的2'-羟基-4,4'-二甲氧基衍生物。
合适的丙烯酸酯是例如,乙基-α-氰基β,β-二苯基丙烯酸酯、异辛基-α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸酯、甲基-α-甲氧羰基肉桂酸酯、甲基-α-氰基-β-甲基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、丁基-α-氰基-β-甲基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、甲基-α-甲氧羰基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯和N-(β-甲氧羰基-β-氰乙烯基)-2-甲基吲哚啉。
合适的苯甲酸酯是例如,水杨酸-4-叔丁基苯酯、水杨酸苯酯、水杨酸辛基苯酯、二苯甲酰基间苯二酚、双(4-叔丁基苯甲酰基)间苯二酚、苯甲酰基间苯二酚、2,4-二叔丁基苯基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸酯、3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十六烷基酯、3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十八烷基酯、2-甲基-4,6-二叔丁基苯基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸酯。
合适的草酰胺是例如,4,4'-二辛氧基草酰苯胺、2,2'-二乙氧基草酰苯胺、2,2'-二辛氧基-5,5'-二叔丁酰苯胺、2,2’-二十二烷氧基-5,5’-二叔丁酰苯胺、2-乙氧基-2’-乙氧苯胺、N,N’-双(3-二甲氨基丙基)草酰胺、2-乙氧基-5-叔丁基-2’-乙氧苯胺及其与2-乙氧基-2’-乙基-5,4’-二叔丁酰苯胺的混合物、邻和对甲氧基-二取代草酰苯胺的混合物以及邻和对乙氧基-二取代草酰苯胺的混合物。
合适的2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪是例如,2,4,6-三(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(2-羟基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(4-甲基苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁氧基丙氧基)-苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[4-(十二烷氧基/十三烷氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-己氧基)苯基-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-甲三苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三[2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基]-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-{2-羟基-4-[3-(2-乙基己基-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙氧基]苯基}-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基-1,3,5-三嗪。
合适的金属减活剂是例如,N,N’-二苯基草酰胺、N-水杨酰-N'-水杨酰肼、N,N'-双(水杨酰)肼、N,N’-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰)肼、3-水杨酰氨基-1,2,4-三唑、双(亚苄基)草酰二酰肼、草酰苯胺、间苯二甲酰肼、癸二酰-二苯基酰肼、N,N'-二乙酰己二酰二酰肼、N,N'-双(水杨酰)邻二甲苯二酰肼、N,N’-双(水杨酰)硫代丙酰二酰肼。
可以同时充当长期稳定剂的合适的受阻胺是例如,1,1-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)琥珀酸酯、双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、双(1-辛酸-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1-环己氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-十八基氨基哌啶、双(1-酰基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)癸二酸酯、1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙氧基)-4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙氧基)-4-氧代-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)琥珀酸酯、N,N'-双甲酰基-N,N'-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)己二胺、(33a)双(1-十一烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)碳酸酯、1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-氨基哌啶、2-十一烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代-螺[4,5]癸烷-三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)次氮基三乙酸酯、1,1'-(1,2-乙烷二基)-双(3,3,5,5-四甲基哌嗪酮)、3-正辛基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-2,4-二酮、8-乙酰基-3-十二烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-2,4-二酮、3-十二烷基-1-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮、3-十二烷基-1-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮、双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)-正丁基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基丙二酸酯、1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶和琥珀酸的缩合产物、N,N'-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)己二胺和4-叔辛基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环状缩合产物、三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)次氮基三乙酸酯、四(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、1,1'-(1,2-乙烷二基)-双(3,3,5,5-四甲基哌嗪酮)、4-苯甲酰-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、4-硬脂氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、N,N'-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)己二胺和4-吗啉代-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环状缩合产物、7,7,9,9-四甲基-2-环十一烷基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代螺-[4,5]癸烷和表氯醇的反应产物。
空间位阻的N-H、N-烷基例如N-甲基或N-辛基、N-烷氧基衍生物例如N-甲氧基或N-辛氧基、环烷基衍生物例如N-环己氧基和N-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙氧基)类似物也各自包括在此处上述给出的结构中。
优选的受阻胺还具有以下结构:
优选的低聚和聚合受阻胺具有以下结构:
上述化合物中,n在每种情况下均指3至100。
合适的分散剂是例如:
聚丙烯酸酯,例如具有长链侧基的共聚物,聚丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物,烷基酰胺:例如N,N'-1,2-乙烷二基双十八酰胺脱水山梨糖醇酯,例如单硬脂基脱水山梨糖醇酯、钛酸酯和锆酸酯,具有官能团的反应性共聚物,例如聚丙烯-共聚-丙烯酸、聚丙烯-共聚-马来酸酐、聚乙烯-共聚-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、聚苯乙烯-交替-马来酸酐-聚硅氧烷:例如二甲基硅烷二醇-氧化乙烯共聚物、聚苯基硅氧烷共聚物、两亲性共聚物:例如聚乙烯-嵌段-聚氧化乙烯,树枝状聚合物,例如含有羟基的树枝状聚合物。
合适的成核剂是例如,滑石,单官能和多官能羧酸例如苯甲酸、丁二酸、己二酸的碱金属盐或碱土金属盐,例如苯甲酸钠、甘油酸锌、羟基-双(4-叔丁基)苯甲酸铝,亚苄基山梨糖醇例如1,3:2,4-双(亚苄基)山梨糖醇、1,3:2,4-双(4-甲基亚苄基)山梨糖醇,2,2′-亚甲基-双(4,6-二丁基苯基)磷酸酯,以及三酰胺和二酰胺例如均苯三甲酸三环己基酰胺、均苯三甲酸三(4-甲基环己酰胺)、均苯三甲酸三(叔丁基酰胺)、N,N′,N″-1,3,5-苯并三基三(2,2-二甲基-丙酰胺)或2,6-萘二甲酸-环己酰胺。
合适的抗成核剂是例如吖嗪染料,例如苯胺黑、离子液体和/或锂盐。
合适的阻燃剂是例如:
a)无机阻燃剂例如Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2、AilO(OH)、MgCO3,片状硅酸盐例如蒙脱石或海泡石,未改性或有机改性的复盐例如Mg-Al硅酸盐、POSS(多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷)复合物、碳酸钙镁石、水菱镁矿或埃洛石,和Sb2O3、Sb2O5、MoO3、锡酸锌、羟基锡酸锌,
b)含氮阻燃剂,例如三聚氰胺、蜜勒胺、蜜白胺、甜瓜、三聚氰胺衍生物、三聚氰胺缩合产物或三聚氰胺盐、苯并胍胺、聚异氰脲酸酯、尿囊素、磷烯(phosphacenes),特别是氰尿酸三聚氰胺、磷酸三聚氰胺、磷酸二(三聚氰胺)、焦磷酸三聚氰胺、聚磷酸三聚氰胺,三聚氰胺金属磷酸盐例如三聚氰胺磷酸铝、三聚氰胺磷酸锌、三聚氰胺磷酸镁以及相应的焦磷酸盐和聚磷酸盐、聚-[2,4-(哌嗪-1,4-基)-6-(吗啉-4-基)-1,3,5-三嗪]、聚磷酸铵、硼酸三聚氰胺、三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐,
c)自由基形成剂,例如烷氧基胺、羟基胺酯、偶氮化合物、亚磺酰胺、亚磺酰亚胺、二枯基或聚枯基、羟基酰亚胺及其衍生物,例如羟基酰亚胺酯或羟基酰亚胺醚,
d)含磷阻燃剂,例如红磷、磷酸酯例如间苯二酚二磷酸酯、双酚-A-二磷酯及其低聚物,磷酸三苯酯、亚乙基二胺磷酸酯、次膦酸盐例如次磷酸及其衍生物例如烷基次膦酸盐,如二乙基次膦酸铝或二乙基次膦酸锌或次膦酸铝、亚磷酸铝、磷酸铝、膦酸酯、甲烷膦酸的低聚物和聚合物衍生物、9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)及其取代化合物,
e)基于氯和溴的卤化阻燃剂,例如多溴二苯基氧化物,例如十溴二苯基氧化物、三(3-溴-2,2-双(溴甲基)丙基磷酸酯、三(三溴新戊基)磷酸酯、四溴邻苯二甲酸、1,2-双(三溴苯氧基)乙烷、六溴环烷癸烷、溴化二苯基乙烷、三-(2,3-二溴丙基)异氰脲酸酯、亚乙基-双(四溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺)、四溴双酚A、溴化聚苯乙烯、溴化聚丁二烯或聚苯乙烯溴化聚丁二烯共聚物、溴化聚苯醚、溴化环氧树脂、聚丙烯酸五溴苄酯,任选地与Sb2O3和/或Sb2O5组合,
f)硼酸盐,例如硼酸锌或硼酸钙,任选地在载体材料例如二氧化硅上,
g)含硫化合物,例如单质硫、二硫化物和多硫化物、硫化秋兰姆、二硫代氨基甲酸酯、巯基苯并噻唑和亚磺酰胺,
h)防滴剂,例如聚四氟乙烯,
i)含硅化合物,例如聚苯基硅氧烷,
j)碳改性,例如碳纳米管(CNT)、可膨胀石墨或石墨烯,
k)以及它们的组合或混合物。
合适的增塑剂是例如,邻苯二甲酸酯、己二酸酯、柠檬酸酯、1,2-环己烷二羧酸酯、偏苯三酸酯、异山梨酯、磷酸酯、环氧化物例如环氧化大豆油或脂肪族聚酯。
合适的填料和增强材料是例如,合成或天然材料,例如碳酸钙、硅酸盐、玻璃纤维、玻璃球(实心或空心)、滑石、白云石、微晶石(micra)、长石、高岭土、石英、硅灰石、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、金刚砂、金属氧化物和金属氢氧化物、硅酸铝、硅酸碳、硅酸锆、黑炭、石墨、碳纳米管、石墨烯、木粉或天然产品的纤维例如纤维素或合成纤维。进一步合适的填料是水滑石或沸石或层状硅酸盐例如蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、蛭石、三八面体伊利石、麦羟硅钠石(magadite)、伊利石、高岭石、硅灰石、凹凸棒石。
合适的颜料可以具有无机或有机性质。无机颜料是例如,二氧化钛、氧化锌、硫化锌、氧化铁、群青、黑炭;有机颜料是例如,蒽醌类、蒽酮类、苯并咪唑酮类、喹吖啶酮(chinacridones)、喹诺酞酮(chinophthalones)、二酮吡咯并吡咯、二嗪、靛蒽醌、异吲哚啉、异吲哚啉酮、偶氮化合物、芘酮、苝、酞菁或芘蒽酮。其他合适的颜料包括金属基效果颜料或金属氧化物基珠光颜料。
用于缩聚聚合物例如聚酯或聚酰胺的线性分子量结构的合适的扩链剂是例如,双环氧化物、双唑啉、双唑酮、双嗪、二异氰酸酯、二酐、双酰基内酰胺、双马来酰亚胺、二氰酸酯、碳二亚胺。进一步合适的扩链剂包括聚合物化合物,例如聚苯乙烯聚丙烯酸酯聚(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物、聚苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物和聚乙烯马来酸酐共聚物。
合适的填料减活剂是例如,聚硅氧烷、聚丙烯酸酯,特别是嵌段共聚物,例如聚甲基丙烯酸聚氧化烯或聚(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯及其共聚物,例如与苯乙烯和例如以下结构的环氧化物的共聚物:
合适的抗静电剂是例如,乙丙酯化烷基胺、脂肪酸、烷基磺酸盐和聚合物例如聚醚酰胺。
合适的抗臭氧剂是上述胺,例如N,N’-二异丙基-对苯二胺、N,N’-二仲丁基-对苯二胺、N,N’-双(1,4-二甲基苯基)-对苯二胺、N,N’-二环己基-对苯二胺、N-异丙基-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1-甲基庚基)N'-苯基-对苯二胺、N-环己基-N'-苯基-对苯二胺。
合适的增加导电性的添加剂是例如,提到的静电抑制剂、黑炭和碳化合物例如碳纳米管和石墨烯、金属粉末例如铜粉和导电聚合物例如聚吡咯、聚苯胺、和聚噻吩。合适的增加导热性的添加剂是例如,氮化铝和氮化硼。
合适的脱模剂是例如,硅氧烷、皂和蜡例如褐煤蜡。
将成分(A)和(B)和任选的其他添加剂加入塑料回收物是通过典型的加工方法进行的,其中将聚合物熔化并且与根据本发明的添加剂组合物和任选的其他添加剂优选通过混合机、捏合机和挤出机混合。挤出机例如单螺杆挤出机、双螺杆挤出机、行星齿轮挤出机、环形挤出机、共捏合机是优选的加工机器并且优选配备有真空脱气装置。该加工可以在空气中发生或任选地在惰性气体条件下例如在氮气下发生。
成分(A)、(B)和/或(C)可以进一步以所谓母料或浓缩物的形式包括在聚合物中、在聚合物中制造和引入聚合物中,所述母料或浓缩物例如包含10-90%的含有成分(A)、(B)和/或(C)的稳定剂组合物。
在第二方面,本发明涉及塑料组合物,其包含如下物质或由如下物质组成:
(A)至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,
组合
(B)至少一种主抗氧化剂和/或
(C)至少一种次抗氧化剂,
在无卤热塑性回收物中,其中塑料组合物不含糖醇和环醇。
结合根据本发明的方法命名的所有先前提出的优选实施方案和方面也适用于而不限于先前描述的塑料组合物。
一个优选实施方案提供,成分(A)以与成分(B)和/或成分(C)为90:10至10:90、优选80:20至20:80、特别优选60:40至40:60的重量比包含在塑料组合物中。
此外,有利的是在每种情况下,相对于塑料回收物与成分(A)至(C)的重量总和为0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.10重量%至0.30重量%的至少一种化合物(A)能够与羰基反应,和0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)和/或0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)包含在无卤热塑性回收物中。
如果包含至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A)、至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)和至少一种次抗氧化剂(C),则是其另一益处。
至少一种无卤热塑性回收物特别是聚烯烃回收物、特别地聚丙烯回收物或聚乙烯回收物。
先前提出的塑料组合物可以特别地使用根据本发明最初描述的方法制造。
本发明另外涉及可由前述塑料组合物制造的模塑料或模制品。模塑料或模制品的优选实施方案提供注塑件、薄片、薄膜、漆、涂料、泡沫、纤维、缆线、管、型材、空心体、带状物、膜例如土工膜、润滑剂、着色剂和/或粘合剂,其通过挤出、注塑、吹塑、压延、压制工艺、旋压工艺和/或滚塑工艺来制造,例如用于电气行业、建筑行业、运输行业、医疗应用、家用电器、汽车零件、消费品、包装、家具和/或纺织品。
本发明还涉及用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解的稳定剂组合物,其由如下物质组成
(A)至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,
组合
(B)至少一种主抗氧化剂和/或
(C)至少一种次抗氧化剂,
其中稳定剂组合物不含糖醇和环醇。
与稳定剂组合物相关的一个优选实施方案提供,成分(A)以与成分(B)和/或成分(C)的如下重量比包含在所述塑料组合物中:90:10至10:90、优选80:20至20:80、特别优选60:40至40:60。
稳定剂组合物特别地由至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A)、至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)和至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)组成。
此外,有利的是稳定剂组合物由如下物质组成
(A)90.00重量%至10.00重量%或80.00重量%至20.00重量%、优选60.00重量%至40.00重量%的至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,其中除糖醇和环醇以外,
组合
(B)10.00重量%至90.00重量%、优选20.00重量%至30.00重量%的至少一种主抗氧化剂,和/或
(C)10.00重量%至90.00重量%、优选20.00重量%至30.00重量%的至少一种次抗氧化剂。
本发明另外涉及前述稳定剂组合物在用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解中的用途。
优选选择合适的化合物(C),使得它们在聚合物的典型加工温度下不挥发或仅少量挥发。优选的聚烯烃回收物的典型加工温度是例如180℃至250℃。
将参考以下实施例来解释本发明,但本发明不限于所示的特定参数。
来自蓄能箱磨料(供应商:BSB Braubach)的消耗后聚丙烯回收物与表中给出的添加剂一起在双螺杆微挤出机(MC 5,制造商DSM)中在210℃的熔体中以每分钟90转的连续模式进行循环输送30分钟,以检查根据本发明的稳定剂组合物的效果。在每种情况下,在10、20和30分钟之后测量力吸收。力是熔体韧性的量度,并且因此是分子量的量度。剩余力越高(2分钟的熔化时间之后=100%),聚合物的降解越小。
表1:聚丙烯回收物的稳定
AO-1:季戊四醇-四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯
P-1:三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯
根据本发明的协同组合已在本试验中证明优于AO-1和P-1的合成商业协同组合(对比例1),因为在实验时间内聚合物的降解较小。
表2:聚丙烯回收物的稳定
使用的聚(乙烯醇-共聚-乙酸乙烯酯)包含80%的聚乙烯醇并且分子量为9000至10000。
根据本发明的组合物显示出聚合物的降解较小(残余力较高),因此聚合物的稳定性得到改善。
Claims (24)
1.一种用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解的方法,其中
(A)至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,
以及
(B)至少一种主抗氧化剂和/或
(C)至少一种次抗氧化剂,
被引入无卤热塑性回收物中,而不使用糖醇或环醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物选自脂肪族伯胺、脂肪族仲胺、硫醇、羟胺醚、羟胺酯、肼、低聚物,或具有与脂肪族碳键合的醇基的聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇及其与乙酸乙烯酯的共聚物或多羟基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙内酰脲和乙内酰硫脲。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)选自酚类抗氧化剂、胺、内酯、羟胺及其混合物。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)选自磷化合物、特别是亚磷酸酯和亚膦酸酯,有机硫化合物、特别是硫化物和二硫化物,以及其混合物。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,将至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A)、至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)和至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)引入所述无卤热塑性回收物中。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,将成分(A)与成分(B)和/或成分(C)以如下重量比引入所述无卤热塑性回收物中:90:10至10:90、优选80:20至20:80、特别优选60:40至40:60。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在每种情况下,将相对于塑料回收物和成分(A)至(C)的重量总和
0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.10重量%至0.30重量%的所述至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A),和
0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的所述至少一种主抗氧化剂(B),和/或
0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的所述至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)
引入所述无卤热塑性回收物中。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,将成分(A)和(B)和/或(C)引入所述无卤热塑性回收物使得
以固体形式存在的成分(A)和(B)和(C)与以固体形式存在的所述无卤热塑性回收物混合并且由此产生的混合物熔化和随后冷却;或者
以固体形式存在的成分(A)和(B)和/或(C)熔化并且将由此产生的熔体引入所述无卤塑料回收物的熔体中。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述无卤热塑性回收物选自
a)回收的烯烃或二烯烃的聚合物,例如聚乙烯、特别是LDPE、LLDPE、VLDPE、ULDPE、MDPE、HDPE和UHMWPE、茂金属PE(m-PE)、聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚-4-甲基-戊烯-1、聚丁二烯、聚异戊二烯、聚环辛烯、聚亚烷基-一氧化碳共聚物,以及相应的统计或嵌段结构形式的共聚物,例如聚丙烯-聚乙烯(EP)、EPM或EPDM、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、乙烯-丙烯酸酯例如乙烯丙烯酸丁酯、乙烯-丙烯酸丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,以及相应的接枝聚合物,例如聚丙烯马来酸酐、聚丙烯-接枝-丙烯酸和聚乙烯-接枝-丙烯酸,
b)回收的聚苯乙烯、聚甲基苯乙烯、聚乙烯基萘、苯乙烯丁二烯(SB)、苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯(SBS)、苯乙烯乙烯丁烯苯乙烯(SEBS)、苯乙烯乙烯丙烯苯乙烯、苯乙烯异戊二烯、苯乙烯异戊二烯苯乙烯(SIS)、苯乙烯丁二烯丙烯腈(ABS)、苯乙烯丙烯腈丙烯酸酯(ASA)、苯乙烯乙烯、苯乙烯马来酸酐聚合物,包括相应的接枝共聚物,例如丁二烯上的苯乙烯、SBS或SEBS上的马来酸酐,和甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯丁二烯和ABS(MABS)的接枝共聚物,
c)回收的不饱和酯的聚合物,例如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯,例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚丙烯酸丁酯、聚丙烯酸月桂酯、聚丙烯酸硬脂酯、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酰胺,共聚物例如聚丙烯腈-聚丙烯酸烷基酯,
d)回收的不饱和醇的聚合物及衍生物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛,
e)回收的聚乙酸酯,例如聚甲醛(POM),和相应的共聚物,例如与丁醛的共聚物,
f)回收的聚苯醚以及与聚苯乙烯或聚酰胺的共混物,
g)回收的环醚的聚合物,例如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚环氧乙烷、聚环氧丙烷,
h)回收的羟基封端的聚醚或聚酯和芳香族或脂肪族异氰酸酯的聚氨酯,特别是线性聚氨酯、聚脲,
i)回收的聚酰胺,例如聚酰胺6、6.6、6.10、4.6、4.10、6.12、12.12、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12和(半)芳香族聚酰胺,例如聚邻苯二甲酰胺,其例如由对苯二甲酸和/或间苯二甲酸与脂肪族二胺或由脂肪族二羧酸如己二酸或癸二酸与芳香族二胺如1,4-二氨基苯或1,3-二氨基苯制备,
j)回收的聚酰胺、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酯酰亚胺、聚(醚)酮、聚砜、聚醚砜、聚芳砜、聚苯硫醚、聚苯并咪唑、聚乙内酰脲,
k)回收的脂肪族或芳香族二元羧酸和二醇的聚酯或羟基羧酸的聚酯,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸1,4-二甲基环己烷酯、聚羟基苯甲酸酯、聚羟基萘甲酸酯、聚乳酸,
l)回收的聚碳酸酯、聚酯碳酸酯及其共混物,例如PC/ABS、PC/PBT、PC/PET/PBT,
m)回收的纤维素衍生物,例如硝酸纤维素、乙酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素、丁酸纤维素,
n)以及两种或多于两种上述聚合物的混合物、组合或共混物。
11.一种塑料组合物,其在无卤热塑性回收物中包含如下物质或由如下物质组成:
(A)至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,
以及
(B)至少一种主抗氧化剂和/或
(C)至少一种次抗氧化剂,
其中所述塑料组合物不含糖醇和环醇。
12.根据前述权利要求的塑料组合物,其特征在于,成分(A)与成分(B)和/或成分(C)以如下重量比包含在所述塑料组合物中:90:10至10:90、优选80:20至20:80、优选60:40至40:60。
13.根据权利要求11至12中任一项所述的塑料组合物,其特征在于,在每种情况下,包含相对于塑料回收物和成分(A)至(C)的重量总和,
0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.10重量%至0.30重量%的所述至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A),和
0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的所述至少一种主抗氧化剂(B),和/或
0.02重量%至3.00重量%、优选0.03重量%至1.00重量%、特别优选0.02重量%至0.50重量%、特别是0.05重量%至0.20重量%的所述至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)。
14.根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的塑料组合物,其特征在于,包含至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A)、至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)和至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)。
15.根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的塑料组合物,其特征在于,所述塑料组合物另外包含至少一种添加剂,其选自UV吸收剂、光稳定剂、金属减活剂、填料减活剂、抗臭氧剂、成核剂、抗成核剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、流变改性剂、触变剂、扩链剂、荧光增白剂、抗菌活性剂(例如杀生物剂)、抗静电剂、滑爽剂、抗粘连剂、偶联剂、交联剂、支化剂、抗交联剂、亲水剂、疏水剂、粘合剂、分散剂、增容剂、除氧剂、除酸剂、膨胀剂、降解添加剂、消泡剂、除臭味剂、标记剂、防雾剂、增加导电性和/或导热性的添加剂、红外线吸收剂或红外线反射剂、光泽改进剂、消光剂、防水剂、填料、增强材料及其混合物。
16.根据权利要求11至15中任一项所述的塑料组合物,其特征在于,塑料组合物另外包含至少一种添加剂,其选自
a)除酸剂,优选硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸铝、硬脂酸钙、乳酸钙、硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙、水滑石,特别是基于铝、镁和锌的合成水滑石,水铝钙石,沸石,碱土金属氧化物、特别是氧化钙和氧化镁,碱土金属碳酸盐、特别是碳酸钙、碳酸镁和白云石,和氢氧化物、特别是水镁石,
b)光稳定剂,优选选自受阻胺类的光稳定剂,
c)分散剂,
d)填料减活剂,和
e)其混合物。
17.根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的塑料组合物,其特征在于,所述至少一种无卤热塑性回收物是聚烯烃回收物,特别是聚丙烯回收物或聚乙烯回收物。
18.根据权利要求11至17中任一项所述的塑料组合物,其特征在于,所述塑料组合物能够通过根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法制备。
19.一种由根据权利要求11至18中任一项所述的塑料组合物制造的模塑料或模制品,其特别是注塑件、薄片、薄膜、漆、涂料、泡沫、纤维、缆线、管、型材、空心体、带状物、膜例如土工膜、润滑剂、着色剂和/或粘合剂的形式,通过挤出、注塑、吹塑、压延、压制工艺、旋压工艺和/或滚塑工艺来制造,例如用于电气行业、建筑行业、运输行业、医疗应用、家用电器、汽车零件、消费品、包装、家具和纺织品。
20.一种用于稳定无卤热塑性回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解的稳定剂组合物,其由如下物质组成:
(A)至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,
以及
(B)至少一种主抗氧化剂和/或
(C)至少一种次抗氧化剂,
其中所述稳定剂组合物不含糖醇和环醇。
21.根据前述权利要求所述的稳定剂组合物,其特征在于,成分(A)与成分(B)和/或成分(C)以如下重量比包含在塑料组合物中:90:10至10:90、优选80:20至20:80、特别优选60:40至40:60。
22.根据两项前述权利要求之一所述的稳定剂组合物,其特征在于,其包含至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物(A)、至少一种主抗氧化剂(B)和至少一种次抗氧化剂(C)。
23.根据权利要求21至23之一所述的稳定剂组合物,其特征在于,其由如下物质组成:
(A)90.00重量%至10.00重量%或80.00重量%至20.00重量%、优选60.00重量%至40.00重量%的至少一种能够与羰基反应的化合物,其中除糖醇和环醇之外,
以及
(B)10.00重量%至90.00重量%、优选20.00重量%至30.00重量%的至少一种主抗氧化剂,和/或
(C)10.00重量%至90.00重量%、优选20.00重量%至30.00重量%的至少一种次抗氧化剂。
24.根据权利要求21至23之一所述的稳定剂组合物在用于稳定无卤热塑性塑料回收物以抵抗氧化、热和/或光化降解中的用途。
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DE102021202103A1 (de) | 2021-03-04 | 2022-09-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Verwendung einer Stabilisatorzusammensetzung zur Stabilisierung von halogenfreien thermoplastischen Kunststoff-Recyclaten, eine Stabilisatorzusammensetzung, ein Masterbatch oder Konzentrat, eine stabilisierte Kunststoffzusammensetzung, hier ein Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von halogenfreien thermoplastischen Kunststoff-Recyclaten sowie Verwendung von Zusammensetzungen |
DE102021202508A1 (de) | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-15 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Verwendung einer Stabilisatorzusammensetzung zur Stabilisierung von Polyolefin-Recyclaten, Stabilisatorzusammensetzung, Masterbatchkonzentrat, Kunststoffzusammensetzung, Formmasse oder Formteil, Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Polyolefin-Recyclats sowie Verwendung einer Kunststoffzusammensetzung |
DE102021205168A1 (de) | 2021-05-20 | 2022-11-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Verwendung mindestens einer Schwefel enthaltenden Aminosäure zur Stabilisierung von thermoplastischen Kunststoff-Recyclaten, stabilisiertes thermo-plastisches Kunststoffrecyclat, Stabilisatorzusammensetzung, Masterbatch sowie Formmasse bzw. Formteil |
KR102557878B1 (ko) * | 2023-01-12 | 2023-07-21 | (주)코리아마그네슘 | 재활용 플라스틱을 포함하는 바이오 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 장치 |
KR102541617B1 (ko) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-13 | 주식회사 케이리사이클링 | 생활계 폐플라스틱을 활용한 재생 플라스틱 조성물 및 이를 이용한 재생 플라스틱 제조방법 |
KR102590114B1 (ko) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-10-17 | 주식회사 서후 | 우수한 항균성과 낮은 산소투과율을 가지는 식품용플라스틱 소재 용기 제조용 복합소재 조성물 및 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 사용하여 식품용 플라스틱 소재 용기를 제조하는 방법 |
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