CN113276632A - Fuel cell waste heat utilization system - Google Patents
Fuel cell waste heat utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113276632A CN113276632A CN202010101244.4A CN202010101244A CN113276632A CN 113276632 A CN113276632 A CN 113276632A CN 202010101244 A CN202010101244 A CN 202010101244A CN 113276632 A CN113276632 A CN 113276632A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell waste heat utilization system, which comprises a galvanic pile, a heat dissipation component, a warm air component and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat dissipation component comprises a first pipeline, a first three-way valve, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a second three-way valve, a fourth pipeline, a radiator, a four-way pipeline, a liquid pump and a fifth pipeline, the first end of first three-way valve is through first pipeline and pile intercommunication, the second end of first three-way valve is through the first end intercommunication of second pipeline and heat exchanger, the second end of heat exchanger is through the first end intercommunication of third pipeline and second three-way valve, the second end of second three-way valve is through the one end intercommunication of fourth pipeline and radiator, the other end of radiator and the first end intercommunication of four-way pipeline, the second end of four-way pipeline and the third end intercommunication of second three-way valve, the third end of four-way pipeline and the third end intercommunication of first three-way valve, the fourth end of four-way pipeline passes through liquid pump and fifth pipeline and pile intercommunication. The system has the advantage of fully utilizing the heat generated by the electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell waste heat utilization system, in particular to a fuel cell waste heat utilization system.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device which directly converts chemical energy generated by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, has the advantages of high power generation efficiency, small environmental pollution and the like, and is widely applied to the field of automobiles. The fuel cell generates a large amount of heat during operation, so that heat dissipation is required for the stack, but excessive heat dissipation causes the stack temperature to be too low, which affects the operating efficiency of the stack, and therefore, the heat dissipation system of the fuel cell needs to maintain the temperature of the fuel cell within a proper range. Meanwhile, in order to accommodate use in cold regions, the passenger compartment of the fuel cell vehicle is also required to have a heating system.
In the prior art, the whole vehicle is heated by adopting a scheme of waste heat utilization, so that the power consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced, and the economical efficiency of the whole vehicle is improved. Because the heat dissipating capacity of the existing waste heat utilization radiator body is large, when the output power of the fuel cell is low, the heat generated by the fuel cell is less, if the heat generated by the fuel cell is less than the heat dissipating capacity of the radiator, the waste heat utilization function of the whole vehicle cannot be used, and the waste heat utilization efficiency is low.
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a fuel cell waste heat utilization system that overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a fuel cell waste heat utilization system that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell waste heat utilization system, wherein the fuel cell waste heat utilization system comprises a stack, a heat dissipation assembly, a warm air assembly and a heat exchanger, the heat dissipation assembly comprises a first pipeline, a first three-way valve, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a second three-way valve, a fourth pipeline, a radiator, a four-way pipeline, a liquid pump and a fifth pipeline, a first end of the first three-way valve is communicated with a water outlet of the stack through the first pipeline, a second end of the first three-way valve is communicated with a first end of the heat exchanger through the second pipeline, a second end of the heat exchanger is communicated with a first end of the second three-way valve through the third pipeline, a second end of the second three-way valve is communicated with one end of the radiator through the fourth pipeline, the other end of the radiator is communicated with the first end of the four-way pipeline, a second end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with a third end of the second three-way valve, the third end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with the third end of the first three-way valve, the fourth end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with the liquid pump, and the liquid pump is communicated with the water inlet of the electric pile through a fifth pipeline.
According to the fuel cell residual heat utilization system provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, the opening degree of each end of the second three-way valve is controllable.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the warm air assembly includes a sixth pipeline, a heating component and a seventh pipeline, one end of the heating component is communicated with the third end of the heat exchanger through the sixth pipeline, and the other end of the heating component is communicated with the fourth end of the heat exchanger through the seventh pipeline.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the invention, when the output power of the fuel cell is lower than the preset first power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve are opened and the third end is closed, the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve are opened and the second end is completely closed, the cooling liquid leaving the stack enters the heat exchanger through the first pipeline, the first three-way valve and the second pipeline, the cooling liquid conducts heat to the warm air assembly in the heat exchanger, and the cooling liquid leaves the heat exchanger and then returns to the stack through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve, the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, when the output power of the fuel cell is greater than or equal to the preset first power and less than the preset second power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve are opened, the third end is closed, the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve are opened, the second end of the second three-way valve is partially opened, cooling liquid leaving the electric pile enters the heat exchanger through the first pipeline, the first three-way valve and the second pipeline, the cooling liquid conducts heat to the warm air assembly in the heat exchanger, part of the cooling liquid leaves the heat exchanger and returns to the electric pile through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve, the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline, the rest of the cooling liquid enters the radiator through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve and the fourth pipeline for heat dissipation and returns to the electric pile through the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline after heat dissipation, and the second power is larger than the first power.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the invention, when the output power of the fuel cell is greater than or equal to the preset second power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve are opened, the third end is closed, the first end and the second end of the second three-way valve are opened, the third end is closed, the cooling liquid leaving the stack enters the heat exchanger through the first pipeline, the first three-way valve and the second pipeline, the cooling liquid conducts heat to the warm air assembly in the heat exchanger, the cooling liquid enters the radiator through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve and the fourth pipeline to dissipate heat, and after dissipating heat, the cooling liquid returns to the stack through the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell waste heat utilization system, wherein the fuel cell waste heat utilization system comprises a stack, a heat dissipation assembly, a warm air assembly and a heat exchanger, the heat dissipation assembly comprises a first pipeline, a first three-way valve, a second pipeline, a three-way pipeline, an electric proportional valve, a radiator, a four-way pipeline, a liquid pump and a third pipeline, a first end of the first three-way valve is communicated with a water outlet of the stack through the first pipeline, a second end of the first three-way valve is communicated with a first end of the heat exchanger through the second pipeline, a second end of the heat exchanger is connected with the first end of the three-way pipeline, the second end of the three-way pipeline is connected with one end of the electric proportional valve, a third end of the three-way pipeline is communicated with one end of the radiator, the other end of the radiator is communicated with the first end of the four-way pipeline, the second end of the four-way pipeline is connected with the other end of the electric proportional valve, the third end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with the third end of the first three-way valve, the fourth end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with the liquid pump, and the liquid pump is communicated with the water inlet of the galvanic pile through the third pipeline.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the warm air assembly includes a fourth pipeline, a heating component and a fifth pipeline, one end of the heating component is communicated with the third end of the heat exchanger through the fourth pipeline, and the other end of the heating component is communicated with the fourth end of the heat exchanger through the fifth pipeline.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the opening degree of the electric proportional valve is in inverse proportion to the output power of the fuel cell, and the opening degree of the electric proportional valve is smaller as the output power of the fuel cell is larger.
The fuel cell waste heat utilization system has the advantages that: the waste heat utilization system of the fuel cell can be used when the output power of the fuel cell is low, heat generated when a pile of the fuel cell vehicle runs is fully utilized, the power consumption of a warm air system is reduced, the energy utilization rate of the system is improved, and the use cost of the vehicle is reduced.
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The disclosure of the present invention will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. As is readily understood by those skilled in the art: these drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the figure:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1-2 and the following description depict alternative embodiments of the invention to teach those skilled in the art how to make and reproduce the invention. Some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted for the purpose of teaching the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that variations or substitutions from these embodiments will fall within the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the following alternative embodiments, but is only limited by the claims and their equivalents.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell residual heat utilization system includes a stack 10, a heat dissipation assembly 11, a warm air assembly 12, and a heat exchanger 13, where the heat dissipation assembly 11 includes a first pipeline 11a, a first three-way valve 11b, a second pipeline 11c, a third pipeline 11d, a second three-way valve 11e, a fourth pipeline 11f, a radiator 11g, a four-way pipeline 11h, a liquid pump 11i, and a fifth pipeline 11j, a first end of the first three-way valve 11b is communicated with a water outlet of the stack 10 through the first pipeline 11a, a second end of the first three-way valve 11b is communicated with a first end of the heat exchanger 13 through the second pipeline 11c, a second end of the heat exchanger 13 is communicated with a first end of the second three-way valve 11e through the third pipeline 11d, a second end of the second three-way valve 11e is communicated with one end of the radiator 11g through the fourth pipeline 11f, and the other end of the radiator 11g is communicated with a first end of the four-way pipeline 11h, the second end of the four-way pipeline 11h is communicated with the third end of the second three-way valve 11e, the third end of the four-way pipeline 11h is communicated with the third end of the first three-way valve 11b, the fourth end of the four-way pipeline 11h is communicated with the liquid pump 11i, and the liquid pump 11i is communicated with the water inlet of the electric pile 10 through the fifth pipeline 11 j. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system adjusts the flow rate of the cooling liquid entering the heat dissipation assembly 11 when the fuel cell runs at low power by controlling the opening of the second three-way valve 11e, so that the heat dissipation assembly 11 is prevented from excessively dissipating heat of the cooling liquid, and the warm air assembly 12 can fully utilize the waste heat generated when the fuel cell runs.
According to the fuel cell residual heat utilization system provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, the opening degree of each end of the second three-way valve 11e is controllable.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the heater module 12 includes a sixth pipeline 12a, a heating component 12b and a seventh pipeline 12c, one end of the heating component 12b is communicated with the third end of the heat exchanger 13 through the sixth pipeline 11j, and the other end of the heating component is communicated with the fourth end of the heat exchanger 13 through the seventh pipeline 12 c.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, when the output power of the fuel cell is lower than the preset first power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve 11b are opened and the third end is closed, the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve 11e are opened and the second end is completely closed, the cooling liquid leaving the stack 10 enters the heat exchanger 13 through the first pipeline 11a, the first three-way valve 11b and the second pipeline 11c, the cooling liquid conducts heat to the warm air assembly 12 in the heat exchanger 13, and the cooling liquid leaves the heat exchanger 13 and returns to the stack 10 through the third pipeline 11d, the second three-way valve 11e, the four-way pipeline 11h, the liquid pump 11i and the fifth pipeline 11 j.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, when the output power of the fuel cell is greater than or equal to the preset first power and less than the preset second power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve 11b are opened and the third end is closed, the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve 11e are opened and the second end is partially opened, the cooling liquid leaving the stack 10 enters the heat exchanger 13 through the first pipeline 11a, the first three-way valve 11b and the second pipeline 11c, the cooling liquid conducts heat to the warm air assembly 12 in the heat exchanger 13, part of the cooling liquid leaves the heat exchanger 13 and returns to the stack 10 through the third pipeline 11d, the second three-way valve 11e, the four-way pipeline 11h, the liquid pump 11i and the fifth pipeline 11j, and the rest of the cooling liquid enters the radiator 11g through the third pipeline 11d, the second three-way valve 11e and the fourth pipeline 11f to dissipate heat and then passes through the four-way pipeline 11h, The liquid pump 11i and the fifth pipeline 11j return to the stack 10, and the second power is greater than the first power.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, when the output power of the fuel cell is greater than or equal to the preset second power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve 11b are opened and the third end is closed, the first end and the second end of the second three-way valve 11e are opened and the third end is closed, the cooling liquid leaving the stack 10 enters the heat exchanger 13 through the first pipeline 11a, the first three-way valve 11b and the second pipeline 11c, the cooling liquid conducts heat to the warm air assembly 12 in the heat exchanger 13, and the cooling liquid enters the radiator 11g through the third pipeline 11d, the second three-way valve 11e and the fourth pipeline 11f to dissipate heat and returns to the stack 10 through the four-way pipeline 11h, the liquid pump 11i and the fifth pipeline 11j after dissipating heat.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell residual heat utilization system includes a stack 20, a heat dissipation assembly 21, a warm air assembly 22 and a heat exchanger 23, the heat dissipation assembly 21 includes a first pipeline 21a, a first three-way valve 21b, a second pipeline 21c, a three-way pipeline 21d, an electric proportional valve 21e, a radiator 21f, a four-way pipeline 21g, a liquid pump 21h and a third pipeline 21i, a first end of the first three-way valve 21b is communicated with a water outlet of the stack 20 through the first pipeline 21a, a second end of the first three-way valve 21b is communicated with a first end of the heat exchanger 23 through the second pipeline 21c, a second end of the heat exchanger 23 is connected with a first end of the three-way pipeline 21d, a second end of the three-way pipeline 21d is connected with one end of the electric proportional valve 21e, a third end of the three-way pipeline 21d is communicated with one end of the radiator 21f, and the other end of the radiator 21f is communicated with a first end of the four-way pipeline 21g, the second end of the four-way pipeline 21g is connected with the other end of the electric proportional valve 21e, the third end of the four-way pipeline 21g is communicated with the third end of the first three-way valve 21b, the fourth end of the four-way pipeline 21g is communicated with the liquid pump 21h, and the liquid pump 21h is communicated with the water inlet of the electric pile 20 through the third pipeline 21 i.
According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the heater module 22 includes a fourth pipeline 22a, a heating component 22b and a fifth pipeline 22c, one end of the heating component 22b is communicated with the third end of the heat exchanger 23 through the fourth pipeline 22a, and the other end of the heating component 22b is communicated with the fourth end of the heat exchanger 23 through the fifth pipeline 22 c.
According to the fuel cell residual heat utilization system provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, the opening degree of the electric proportional valve 21e is in inverse proportion to the output power of the fuel cell, and the opening degree of the electric proportional valve 21e is smaller as the output power of the fuel cell is larger.
The fuel cell waste heat utilization system has the advantages that: the waste heat utilization system of the fuel cell can be used when the output power of the fuel cell is low, heat generated when a pile of the fuel cell vehicle runs is fully utilized, the power consumption of a warm air system is reduced, the energy utilization rate of the system is improved, and the use cost of the vehicle is reduced.
It will of course be realised that whilst the foregoing has been given by way of illustrative example of this invention, all such and other modifications and variations thereto as would be apparent to persons skilled in the art are deemed to fall within the broad scope and ambit of this invention as is herein set forth. Therefore, while this invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended that the novel apparatus be limited thereby, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the broad scope of the above disclosure and the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell waste heat utilization system comprises a galvanic pile, a heat dissipation component, a warm air component and a heat exchanger, and is characterized in that the heat dissipation component comprises a first pipeline, a first three-way valve, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a second three-way valve, a fourth pipeline, a radiator, a four-way pipeline, a liquid pump and a fifth pipeline, wherein the first end of the first three-way valve is communicated with a water outlet of the galvanic pile through the first pipeline, the second end of the first three-way valve is communicated with the first end of the heat exchanger through the second pipeline, the second end of the heat exchanger is communicated with the first end of the second three-way valve through the third pipeline, the second end of the second three-way valve is communicated with one end of the radiator through the fourth pipeline, the other end of the radiator is communicated with the first end of the four-way pipeline, the second end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with the third end of the second three-way valve, and the third end, the fourth end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with a liquid pump, and the liquid pump is communicated with a water inlet of the galvanic pile through a fifth pipeline.
2. The fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein an opening degree of each end of the second three-way valve is controllable.
3. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the heater assembly includes a sixth pipeline, a heating component and a seventh pipeline, one end of the heating component is communicated with the third end of the heat exchanger through the sixth pipeline, and the other end of the heating component is communicated with the fourth end of the heat exchanger through the seventh pipeline.
4. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to claim 2, wherein when the output power of the fuel cell is lower than a preset first power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve are opened and the third end is closed, the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve are opened and the second end is completely closed, the coolant leaving the stack enters the heat exchanger through the first pipeline, the first three-way valve and the second pipeline, the coolant conducts heat to the warm air assembly in the heat exchanger, and the coolant leaves the heat exchanger and then returns to the stack through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve, the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline.
5. The fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to claim 4, wherein when the output power of the fuel cell is greater than or equal to a preset first power and less than a preset second power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve are opened, the third end is closed, the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve are opened, the second end of the second three-way valve is partially opened, cooling liquid leaving the electric pile enters the heat exchanger through the first pipeline, the first three-way valve and the second pipeline, the cooling liquid conducts heat to the warm air assembly in the heat exchanger, part of the cooling liquid leaves the heat exchanger and returns to the electric pile through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve, the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline, the rest of the cooling liquid enters the radiator through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve and the fourth pipeline for heat dissipation and returns to the electric pile through the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline after heat dissipation, and the second power is larger than the first power.
6. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to claim 5, wherein when the output power of the fuel cell is equal to or greater than a preset second power, the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve are opened and the third end is closed, the first end and the second end of the second three-way valve are opened and the third end is closed, the coolant leaving the stack enters the heat exchanger through the first pipeline, the first three-way valve and the second pipeline, the coolant conducts heat to the warm air assembly in the heat exchanger, and the coolant enters the radiator through the third pipeline, the second three-way valve and the fourth pipeline to dissipate heat and returns to the stack through the four-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the fifth pipeline after dissipating heat.
7. A fuel cell waste heat utilization system comprises a galvanic pile, a heat dissipation component, a warm air component and a heat exchanger, and is characterized in that the heat dissipation component comprises a first pipeline, a first three-way valve, a second pipeline, a three-way pipeline, an electric proportional valve, a radiator, a four-way pipeline, a liquid pump and a third pipeline, wherein the first end of the first three-way valve is communicated with a water outlet of the galvanic pile through the first pipeline, the second end of the first three-way valve is communicated with the first end of the heat exchanger through the second pipeline, the second end of the heat exchanger is connected with the first end of the three-way pipeline, the second end of the three-way pipeline is connected with one end of the electric proportional valve, the third end of the three-way pipeline is communicated with one end of the radiator, the other end of the radiator is communicated with the first end of the four-way pipeline, the second end of the four-way pipeline is connected with the other end of the electric, the fourth end of the four-way pipeline is communicated with a liquid pump, and the liquid pump is communicated with a water inlet of the galvanic pile through a third pipeline.
8. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to claim 7, wherein the heater assembly includes a fourth pipeline, a heating component and a fifth pipeline, one end of the heating component is communicated with the third end of the heat exchanger through the fourth pipeline, and the other end of the heating component is communicated with the fourth end of the heat exchanger through the fifth pipeline.
9. The fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to claim 7, wherein the opening degree of the electric proportional valve is in inverse proportion to the output power of the fuel cell, and the opening degree of the electric proportional valve is smaller as the output power of the fuel cell is larger.
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| CN202010101244.4A CN113276632A (en) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Fuel cell waste heat utilization system |
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| CN202010101244.4A CN113276632A (en) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Fuel cell waste heat utilization system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101318455A (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2008-12-10 | 清华大学 | Exhaust heat heating system of fuel cell vehicle |
| US20120118988A1 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-17 | Kia Motors Corporation | Heating system for fuel cell vehicle |
| CN106799969A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-06 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Cogeneration system and thermal car |
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