CN113198083B - 一种输尿管支架及制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明在医疗器械领域,为有效减少输尿管支架失去导流作用的情况,公开了一种输尿管支架,包括:内层结构;外层结构,套设在内层结构上;外层结构为管状结构,且外层结构由第一丝线编成;应用上述输尿管支架,能够有效减少输尿管支架失去导流作用的情况,本发明还给出一种输尿管支架的制造方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,特别涉及一种输尿管支架及制造方法。
背景技术
在人体遇到肿瘤、腹膜后纤维化、输尿管狭窄等疾病导致输尿管梗阻、肾积水等问题时,通常需要进行侵入性手术,在输尿管内置入输尿管支架对输尿管进行支撑,以防止输尿管狭窄和黏连堵塞,并将尿液从肾盂引导至膀胱。
医院常用的输尿管支架,俗称“猪尾巴管”,一般由聚氨酯制成,其径向强度大,不易变形,而且“猪尾巴管”的侧壁设有多个通孔,使其导流性能更好,但是,长时间使用时,该通孔容易被增生组织堵塞,导致“猪尾巴管”失去导流作用。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种输尿管支架,能够有效减少输尿管支架失去导流作用的情况。
本发明第一方面的输尿管支架,包括:内层结构;外层结构,套设在内层结构上;外层结构为管状结构,且外层结构由第一丝线编成。
根据本发明的一些实施例,第一丝线为弹性丝线。
根据本发明的一些实施例,第一丝线为记忆合金丝线。
根据本发明的一些实施例,第一丝线弯曲成线圈并相互串套形成外层结构。
根据本发明的一些实施例,第一丝线沿第一方向和第二方向交错形成外层结构,第一方向与第二方向相互垂直。
根据本发明的一些实施例,内层结构由至少一股第二丝线编成,被编织的第二丝线之间形成有用于导流的导流间隙。
根据本发明的一些实施例,输尿管支架的两端均弯曲,且输尿管支架的两端的弯曲方向相反。
本发明第二方面的输尿管支架的制造方法,用于制造上述输尿管支架,包括如下步骤:用第一丝线,编织成外层结构,然后将外层结构套设于内层结构上。
根据本发明的一些实施例,采用针织法,将第一丝线弯曲成线圈并相互串套形成外层结构。
根据本发明的一些实施例,采用梭织法,将第一丝线朝第一方向和第二方向交错形成外层结构,第一方向和第二方向垂直。
应用本发明的输尿管支架,在使用时,可以将管状的外层沿径向压缩后,通过植入装置放入到尿道当中,在尿道当中形成支撑,由于外层结构内部有内层结构的支撑,当外层结构变形时,在内层结构的支撑下外层结构不会变形至完全折叠,同时尿液还能够顺着外层的第一丝线形成的间隙之间流动,使得外层结构仍然能够起到导尿的作用;有效减少了输尿管支架失去导流作用的情况发生。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1为本发明实施例中输尿管支架组件当中内层结构和外层结构的装配轴侧图;
图2为本发明实施例中输尿管支架组件当中内层结构和外层结构的装配俯视图;
图3为本发明实施例中一种外层结构的轴测图;
图4为图3中A处的放大图;
图5为本发明实施例中另一种外层结构的轴测图;
图6为图5中B处的放大图;
图7为本发明实施例中第一种内层结构的示意图;
图8为本发明实施例中第二种内层结构的示意图;
图9为图8中C处的放大图;
图10为本发明实施例在第三种内层结构的示意图;
图11为本发明实施例中第四种内层结构的示意图;
上述附图包含以下附图标记。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,涉及到方位描述,例如上、下、前、后、左、右等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中,若干的含义是一个或者多个,多个的含义是两个及两个以上,大于、小于、超过等理解为不包括本数,以上、以下、以内等理解为包括本数。如果有描述到第一、第二只是用于区分技术特征为目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的先后关系。
本发明的描述中,除非另有明确的限定,设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解,所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本发明中的具体含义。
参照图1、图2,本实施例第一方面的输尿管支架,包括:内层结构200;外层结构100,套设在内层结构200上;外层结构100为管状结构,且外层结构100由第一丝线110编成。
应用本实施例第一方面的输尿管支架,在使用时,可以将管状的外层沿径向压缩后,通过植入装置放入到尿道当中,在尿道当中形成支撑,由于外层结构100内部有内层结构200的支撑,当外层结构100变形时,在内层结构200的支撑下外层结构100不会变形至完全折叠,同时尿液还能够顺着外层的第一丝线110形成的间隙之间流动,使得外层结构100仍然能够起到导尿的作用;有效减少了输尿管支架失去导流作用的情况发生。
另一方面,当外层结构100为第一丝线110紧密编成的结构时,第一丝线110之间能够形成导流间隙,用于导流,同时紧密编织的结构能够给阻止增生组织生长进入管道之中,堵塞输尿管道。
其中,为了增强输尿管支架的变形能力,使得外层结构100在被压缩后仍然能对尿道起到支撑作用,可以采用弹性丝线制作第一丝线110;其中弹性形丝线可以根据需要采用具有超弹性的形状记忆合金材料制成,例如镍钛合金等;也可以采用具有高弹性的高分子材料制成。
如图3、图4所示,可以采用针织法编织外层结构100,也即第一丝线110弯曲成线圈并相互串套形成外层结构100。
如图5、图6所示,也可以采用梭织法编织外层结构100,也即第一丝线110沿第一方向和第二方向交错形成外层结构100,第一方向与第二方向相互垂直。
如图7至图11所示,内层结构200由至少一股第二丝线210编成,被编织的第二丝线210之间形成有用于导流的导流间隙;其中,尿液能够通过第二丝线210之间的导流间隙,从肾盂逐渐流道膀胱内;使得外层结构100被压缩时也能够起到良好的导尿效果。
在本实施例当中,输尿管支架的两端均弯曲,且输尿管支架的两端的弯曲方向相反;此时输尿管支架的外形可以参考现有技术当中常见的用于导尿的猪尾巴管的外形,有效防止输尿管支架在输尿管当中迁移。
本实施例第一方面还涉及一种输尿管支架的制造方法,用于制造上述输尿管支架,包括如下步骤:用第一丝线110,编织成外层结构100,然后将外层结构100套设于内层结构200上。
其中,外层结构100可以采用针织法,将第一丝线110弯曲成线圈并相互串套形成外层结构100;也可以采用梭织法,将第一丝线110朝第一方向和第二方向交错形成外层结构100,其中第一方向和第二方向垂直;在梭织法当中,第一方向编织的第一丝线110为经线,第二方向编织的第一丝线110为纬线。
本实施例第二方面,也给出一种输尿管支架,包括:内层结构200;外层结构100,套设在内层结构200上;内层结构200上开设有导流间隙,尿液能够在导流间隙当中流动。
应用本实施例第二方面的输尿管支架,在使用时,可以将管状的外层压缩后,通过植入装置放入到尿道当中,在尿道当中形成导尿通道,当外层结构100被最大压缩至紧贴内层后,尿液仍可以顺着内层结构200上开设的导流间隙导出;有效减少了输尿管支架失去导流作用的情况发生。
如图7至图11所示,内层结构200为第二丝线210编成的绳状结构,被编织的第二丝线210之间形成导流间隙;由于内层结构200为绳状结构,其径向不可压缩,当外层结构100被压缩时能够起到有效的导流作用;同时,编织后第二丝线210之间能够形成导流间隙,用于尿液导流,使得输尿管支架被压缩后仍然能够起到较好的导流作用;
与第一丝线110类似,也可以采用弹性丝线制作第二丝线210;其中弹性形丝线可以根据需要采用具有超弹性的形状记忆合金材料制成,例如镍钛合金等;也可以采用具有高弹性的高分子材料。
如图8至图11所示,第二丝线210能够通过多种方式编织成内层结构200,具体如下。
如图7所示,内层结构200由四股第二丝线210相互交错穿插形成。
如图8、图9所示,内层结构200由四股丝线组相互交错穿插形成,每一股丝线组由两根第二丝线210缠绕形成。
当然,内层结构200也可以由四股第二丝线210顺时针缠绕形成。
如图10所示,内层结构200由四股丝线组顺时针缠绕形成,每股丝线组由两根第二丝线210缠绕形成。
如图11所示,内层结构200由八根第二丝线210沿第一方向缠绕形成,相邻两根第二丝线210沿第二方向缠绕,第一方向和第二方向相反。
为了增强输尿管支架的支撑作用,外层结构100的内壁抵接内层结构200的外壁;此时内层结构200能够对外层结构100起到更好的支撑作用,当内外两层均用丝线编成时,尿液可以从外层结构100的外壁与内层结构200的内壁间的间隙之间部分流通,也可以从内外层的丝线交织的夹缝之间渗透。
值得注意的是,本实施例各个方面的输尿管支架,均可以综合运用,成为一个性能优异的输尿管支架。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (5)
1.一种输尿管支架,其特征在于,包括:
内层结构(200),由四股丝线组顺时针缠绕编织成径向不可压缩的绳状结构,每股所述丝线组由两根第二丝线(210)缠绕形成,所述第二丝线(210)采用形状记忆合金材料制成,被编织的所述第二丝线(210)之间形成有用于导流的导流间隙;
外层结构(100),套设在所述内层结构(200)上;
所述外层结构(100)为管状结构,且所述外层结构(100)由第一丝线(110)编成,所述第一丝线(110)弯曲成线圈并相互串套形成所述外层结构(100),所述第一丝线(110)之间能够形成用于导流的导流间隙,所述外层结构(100)的内壁抵接所述内层结构(200)的外壁,以使尿液可以从所述外层结构(100)的外壁与所述内层结构(200)的内壁间的间隙之间部分流通,也可以从所述第一丝线(110)和所述第二丝线(210)交织的夹缝之间渗透。
2.根据权利要求1所述的输尿管支架,其特征在于,所述第一丝线(110)为弹性丝线。
3.根据权利要求2所述的输尿管支架,其特征在于,所述第一丝线(110)为记忆合金丝线。
4.根据权利要求1所述的输尿管支架,其特征在于,所述输尿管支架的两端均弯曲,且所述输尿管支架的两端的弯曲方向相反。
5.一种输尿管支架的制造方法,用于制造权利要求1所述的输尿管支架,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
用两根第二丝线(210)缠绕形成丝线组,由四股丝线组顺时针缠绕编织成绳状结构以形成内层结构(200),所述第二丝线(210)采用形状记忆合金材料制成,被编织的所述第二丝线(210)之间形成有用于导流的导流间隙;
用第一丝线(110),采用针织法,将第一丝线(110)弯曲成线圈并相互串套形成外层结构(100),所述第一丝线(110)之间能够形成用于导流的导流间隙,然后将外层结构(100)套设于内层结构(200)上,使所述外层结构(100)的内壁抵接所述内层结构(200)的外壁,以使尿液可以从所述外层结构(100)的外壁与所述内层结构(200)的内壁间的间隙之间部分流通,也可以从所述第一丝线(110)和所述第二丝线(210)交织的夹缝之间渗透。
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US18/278,843 US20240226513A9 (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2022-03-25 | Ureteral stent and manufacturing method thereof |
KR1020237032111A KR20230148218A (ko) | 2021-04-19 | 2022-03-25 | 요관 스텐트 및 제조 방법 |
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