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CN113075058A - Underwater root soil complex in-situ shearing device - Google Patents

Underwater root soil complex in-situ shearing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113075058A
CN113075058A CN202110211668.0A CN202110211668A CN113075058A CN 113075058 A CN113075058 A CN 113075058A CN 202110211668 A CN202110211668 A CN 202110211668A CN 113075058 A CN113075058 A CN 113075058A
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base
soil
shearing device
underwater
situ
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Inventor
陈立畅
方雪峰
陈洁
段青松
张立芸
杨彦鑫
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Yunnan Agricultural University
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Yunnan Agricultural University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003Steady
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025Shearing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048Hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Immunology (AREA)
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  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,属于水土保持设备技术领域,所述的水下根土复合体原位剪切装置包括底座、剪切盒、液压缸、位移传感器、压力传感器,剪切盒为上下两面通透的方形框体,剪切盒滑动安装在底座上,剪切盒后侧设置有压力传感器,液压缸安装在底座上,液压缸伸缩端与压力传感器连接,底座上通过横向板安装有能够检测剪切盒位移量的位移传感器,位移传感器和压力传感器输出信号连接至外侧数据采集系统,液压泵设置在底座外侧,液压缸通过液压泵提供动力。本发明能够实现植物根土复合体和土体的水下原位剪切试验,保证水下剪切试验进给匀速,保障了试验的准确性,对于不同环境条件适应性更强。

Figure 202110211668

The invention discloses an underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device, belonging to the technical field of water and soil conservation equipment. The underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device comprises a base, a shearing box, a hydraulic cylinder, a displacement Sensor, pressure sensor, the shear box is a square frame with transparent upper and lower sides, the shear box is slidably installed on the base, a pressure sensor is arranged on the rear side of the shear box, the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the base, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pressure The sensor is connected. A displacement sensor capable of detecting the displacement of the shear box is installed on the base through the transverse plate. The output signals of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the external data acquisition system. The hydraulic pump is arranged outside the base, and the hydraulic cylinder is powered by the hydraulic pump. The invention can realize the underwater in-situ shear test of the plant root-soil complex and the soil body, ensure the uniform feeding speed of the underwater shear test, ensure the accuracy of the test, and be more adaptable to different environmental conditions.

Figure 202110211668

Description

Underwater root soil complex in-situ shearing device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation equipment, in particular to an in-situ shearing device for an underwater root-soil complex, which is used for measuring the soil fixation capacity of an underwater root system.
Background
The water level of the submerged land around the reservoir, lake and river rises and falls due to seasonal or artificial factors, and periodically emerges on the water surface to form a hydro-fluctuation belt. The hydro-fluctuation belt is developed from an original terrestrial ecosystem to a seasonal wetland ecosystem, species, particularly plant species, originally adapting to terrestrial environment growth gradually die, and species adapting to aquatic environment growth are exposed out of the water surface seasonally to cause the hydro-fluctuation belt to be bare, cause serious water and soil loss, form an ecological fragile belt, and recover vegetation to become important content for ecological environment treatment of the hydro-fluctuation belt.
In China, many researches on vegetation recovery of hydro-fluctuation belts are made, the researches mainly focus on the aspects of plant flooding resistance, plant growth characters after flooding, physiological and biochemical aspects and the like, and the researches also have some researches on the soil-fixing and corrosion-resisting capability of plant roots. The research on the soil-fixing capacity of the root system mainly focuses on the exposed state of the root system soil, the underwater soil is in a saturated state, and the soil-fixing and corrosion-resisting capacity of the root system is the weakest, but the research on the soil-fixing capacity of the underwater root system is not reported yet.
The method for measuring the soil-fixing capacity of the root system mainly comprises a field land in-situ shear test, an indoor direct shear test and a triaxial shear test, and the soil-fixing capacity of the underwater root system is difficult to measure.
In conclusion, an underwater in-situ shearing device capable of being applied to measuring the soil fixing force of underwater plant roots is urgently needed, and the technical blank is made up.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background art, the invention provides an in-situ shearing device for an underwater root-soil complex, which can realize an in-situ shearing test for the underwater root-soil complex, and has stronger adaptability to different environmental conditions and higher accuracy of test data.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the underwater root-soil complex in-situ shearing device comprises a base, a shearing box, a hydraulic cylinder, a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the shearing box is a square frame body with two penetrating upper and lower surfaces, the shearing box is slidably mounted on the base, the rear side of the shearing box is provided with the pressure sensor, the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the base, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor capable of detecting the displacement of the shearing box is mounted on the base through a transverse plate, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor output signal are connected to an outside data acquisition system, the hydraulic pump is arranged outside the base, and the hydraulic cylinder provides power through the hydraulic pump.
Preferably, the sampling box further comprises a sampling frame, the sampling frame is a square frame body matched with the shearing box in shape, a water-permeable opening is formed in the side wall of the sampling frame, and a water-permeable net piece is arranged in the water-permeable opening.
Preferably, the sampling frame can be split into two parts along the diagonal line, and the seam of the two parts is mutually clamped and connected through the clamping groove and the clamping block.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the sampling frame is arranged as a cutting edge.
Preferably, the lifting frame and the vertical supports are further included, four corners of the lifting frame are fixed on the base through the vertical supports respectively, the base and the lifting frame are provided with mounting holes which are coaxial with each other respectively, and the base and the lifting frame are provided with fixing anchor rods through the mounting holes.
As preferred, vertical braces includes end telescope tube, top telescopic link and retaining member, and top telescopic link top is connected with the frame of putting of carrying, and the bottom is inserted and is established in end telescope tube, is provided with the retaining member on the end telescope tube.
Preferably, the base is further provided with a guide plate, a support hole is formed in the middle of the guide plate, and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the support hole.
Preferably, the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition case and a data terminal upper computer, output signals of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are both connected to the data acquisition case, and the data acquisition case is connected with the data terminal upper computer.
Preferably, guide rails are respectively arranged on two sides of the base, sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the shearing box, and the sliding blocks are arranged on the guide rails.
Preferably, the displacement sensor is a waterproof pull rope displacement sensor, and the pressure sensor is a waterproof S-shaped high-precision tension-compression sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is suitable for measuring the in-situ soil-fixing force of the root system of herbs, shrubs, arbors and the like under water and on land, is also suitable for plain soil in-situ shear tests under water and on land, and is used for measuring the in-situ shear strength of soil bodies under water and on land. The underwater in-situ shear test of the plant root-soil complex and the soil body can be realized, the feeding of the underwater shear test is ensured to be uniform, the test accuracy is ensured, the adaptability to different environmental conditions is stronger, the soaking effect of the plant root-soil complex and the integrity of the soaked root-soil complex are ensured, the precision of test data is further improved, and the measured data can be automatically recorded and stored in real time and can automatically draw a displacement-pressure relation curve. In addition, the device is convenient to mount and fix, wading operation is basically not needed, the working strength of personnel is reduced, and the test accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the lifting frame, the vertical support and the base of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a sampling frame of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a top view of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 7.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition system.
In the figure: 1-base, 2-shear box, 3-transverse plate, 4-hydraulic pump, 5-hydraulic cylinder, 6-guide plate, 7-displacement sensor, 8-pressure sensor, 9-guide rail, 10-data acquisition case, 11-data terminal upper computer, 12-sampling frame, 13-slide block, 14-lifting frame, 15-mounting hole, 16-fixed anchor rod, 17-bottom telescopic sleeve, 18-top telescopic rod, 19-locking piece, 20-water permeable opening, 21-water permeable net piece, 22-cutting edge, 23-clamping groove, 24-clamping block, 25-supporting hole and 26-vertical support.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings for the convenience of the skilled person.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the root soil complex body normal position shearing mechanism under water include base 1, cut box 2, pneumatic cylinder 5, displacement sensor 7, pressure sensor 8, cut box 2 is the penetrating square frame body in upper and lower two sides, cut 2 slidable mounting of box on base 1, cut 2 rear sides of box and be provided with pressure sensor 8, pneumatic cylinder 5 is installed on base 1, the flexible end of pneumatic cylinder 5 is connected with pressure sensor 8, install the displacement sensor 7 that can detect the 2 displacement volume of cutting box through horizontal plate 3 on the base 1, displacement sensor 7 and 8 output signal of pressure sensor are connected to outside data acquisition system, hydraulic pump 4 sets up in the base 1 outside, pneumatic cylinder 5 provides power through hydraulic pump 4. Still be provided with deflector 6 on the base 1, 6 middle parts trompils of deflector, 5 end fixing of pneumatic cylinder are on 6 middle part trompils of deflector. Play stable guide effect to pneumatic cylinder 5's flexible action, simultaneously, 2 bilateral symmetry of shearing box set up slider 13, and slider 13 slidable mounting plays location guide effect to shearing box 2 on guide rail 9, and is stronger to different environmental condition adaptability, guarantees that 2 shearing pull atress of shearing box are accurate, improves experimental accuracy nature. Wherein, slider 13 passes through demountable installation modes such as screw installation and installs in shearing box 2 both sides, and it has connecting hole 19 to open on the 2 trailing flank of shearing box, and pneumatic cylinder 5 is flexible to hold flange and is connected with connecting hole 19, can easy dismounting when guaranteeing to connect firmly, and it is more convenient to use. Meanwhile, the hydraulic pump 4 is a small-sized hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump 4 supplies oil to the hydraulic cylinder 5 through an oil pipe to realize driving.
As shown in fig. 9, the data acquisition system includes a data acquisition case 10 and a data terminal upper computer 11, signals output by the displacement sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 8 are both connected to the data acquisition case 10, and the data acquisition case 10 is connected to the data terminal upper computer 11. The data acquisition system comprises a data terminal upper computer 11, a 485 communication module, a pressure transmitter, a pressure sensor 8, a displacement transmitter and a displacement sensor 7, wherein output signals of the displacement sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 8 are connected to a data acquisition case 10, and the data acquisition case 10 is connected with the data terminal upper computer 11. The data terminal upper computer 11 is used for calculating and recording the collected pressure and displacement data and drawing a displacement-pressure curve, the pressure transmitter and the displacement transmitter are used for converting the data of the pressure sensor 8 and the displacement sensor 7, and the 485 communication module is used for sending the data converted by the pressure transmitter and the displacement transmitter to the data terminal upper computer 11. In the example, the displacement sensor adopts a displacement sensor of a waterproof pull rope with WFX model, 1000mm measuring range and 0.1mm precision; the pressure sensor adopts a customized waterproof S-shaped tension-compression sensor with a DYLY-103 model, a 0-3T range and a 2.0mV/V sensitivity, and has high precision, good stability and good output symmetry. The displacement transmitter adopts a displacement display table RS485 output by WF600 model and 220V-4-20 MA; the pressure transmitter adopts a transmitter with DY500 model, current of 4-20mA, voltage of 0-10V and 485 communication. A variable frequency motor is used as a driving motor of a hydraulic pump in the hydraulic system, and a gear pump with 220V voltage, 1.2ml/r discharge capacity and 8MPa pressure is adopted. The hydraulic cylinder adopts a V7GBlg model, a cylinder diameter of 50mm and a rear flange hydraulic cylinder with a stroke of 300 mm.
The invention also comprises a sampling frame 12, wherein the sampling frame 12 is a square frame body matched with the shape of the shear box 2, the side wall of the sampling frame 12 is provided with a water permeable opening 20, and a water permeable net piece 21 is arranged in the water permeable opening 20. Sample frame 12 can play protection and positioning action to the sample plant root soil complex body, and the opening 20 that permeates water can play the effect of permeating water at the root soil complex body in-process that soaks, improves the root soil complex body efficiency of soaking, improves experimental efficiency. Meanwhile, the water-permeable net piece 21 can ensure that the integrity of soil in the root-soil complex is kept on the premise of realizing water permeability, the soil loss in the soaking process is reduced, the actual state of the root-soil complex close to the root-soil complex of the underwater plant to the maximum extent is ensured, and the test precision is ensured. Further, sample frame 12 is for can prolonging the diagonal split and be two parts, and two parts seam crossing passes through draw-in groove 23 and the mutual card of fixture block 24 and inserts the connection for sample frame 12 operates more in a flexible way when the installation is taken a sample, and two parts form mutual location when sample frame 12 is beaten and is established the installation, and simple to operate is quick, has ensured sample frame 12's structural stability simultaneously, can not be guaranteeing the in-process or be convenient for shear box 2's cover and establish the installation and drop. Further, sample frame 12 bottom surface sets up to blade 22, does benefit to sample frame 12 and can squeeze into ground fast and form fixedly to sample trunk root soil complex.
The invention also comprises a lifting frame 14 and vertical supports 26, wherein four corners of the lifting frame 14 are respectively fixed on the base 1 through the vertical supports 26, the base 1 and the lifting frame 14 are respectively provided with a mounting hole 15 which are coaxial with each other, and the mounting holes 15 on the base 1 and the lifting frame 14 are provided with a fixed anchor rod 16. After the soil pit excavation shaping around the sample, top support frame 14 is fixed in the soil pit top outside, soaks at the sample trunk and reaches the requirement after, can be fast accurate through putting frame 14 and establish 2 covers with the shearing box on the sample trunk root soil complex body, and will put frame 14 and base 1 through fixed stock 16 and fix, convenient operation is swift, need not personnel and wade and install and experimental operation, reduces working strength, promotes test efficiency. Wherein, vertical braces 26 include end telescope tube 17, top telescopic link 18 and retaining member 19, and top telescopic link 18 top is connected with putting frame 14, and the bottom is inserted and is established in end telescope tube 17, is provided with retaining member 19 on the end telescope tube 17. The height of relative flexible adjustment can be carried out to top telescopic link 18 and end telescopic sleeve 17 promptly, is convenient for adjust the height of transferring of shearing box 2 according to experimental actual conditions.
The main technical indexes of the shearing device are as follows: the base has the overall dimension of length multiplied by width multiplied by height of 1300 multiplied by 590 multiplied by 100mm, the cutting box has the dimension of length multiplied by width multiplied by height of 300 multiplied by 100mm, the pressure range is 0-15000N, the pressure precision is +/-0.03% N, the displacement range is 0-300mm, the displacement precision is 0.1mm, the feeding speed is 2-10mm/s, the weight of the whole machine is 32kg, and the length of the fixed anchor rod is 1.2 meters and the diameter is 20 mm.
The working process of the invention is as follows: a plant with good growth vigor is selected as a plant for a test sample in a test field, a sampling frame 12 is driven into the ground to surround a root soil complex of the plant for the test sample, and a soil body outside the sampling frame 12 is dug into a rectangular pit. Then, water is pumped into the pit by a water pump to submerge the root-soil complex in the sampling frame 12, water in the soil pit rapidly enters the root-soil complex through the water permeable opening 20 to rapidly soak the root-soil complex, and meanwhile, the water permeable net piece 21 keeps the integrity of the root-soil complex. After soaking for 24 hours, the installation of each part on the base 1 is finished, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected with the hydraulic pump 4, and the displacement sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 8 are connected with the outer data acquisition case 10 and the data terminal upper computer 11. And then the shearing box 2 is sleeved outside the sampling frame 12 through the lifting frame 14, and the lifting frame 14 and the base 1 are fixed in the soil in the pit through the fixing anchor rods 16. And then, the power supply of the data acquisition case 10 and the data terminal upper computer 11 is connected, software is started, the switch of the hydraulic pump 4 is turned on, and parameters are set. And then the sampling frame 12 is drawn out, the shearing box 2 is driven by a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 to carry out shearing action on the root soil complex of the test specimen, and a loading test is started, the shearing box 2 is driven by a hydraulic system to feed at a constant speed, the feeding speed is 2-10mm/s, and the feeding speed can be adjusted by a frequency converter according to actual requirements. In the process, the displacement sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 8 collect data of the displacement amount and the applied shearing force of the shearing box 2 until the root system of the test specimen plant is damaged. After the test is finished, the switch of the hydraulic pump 4 is closed, and the upper computer 11 of the data terminal directly presents a displacement-pressure relation curve in the test on a panel of the upper computer through software.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1.一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:包括底座(1)、剪切盒(2)、液压缸(5)、位移传感器(7)、压力传感器(8),剪切盒(2)为上下两面通透的方形框体,剪切盒(2)滑动安装在底座(1)上,剪切盒(2)后侧设置有压力传感器(8),液压缸(5)安装在底座(1)上,液压缸(5)伸缩端与压力传感器(8)连接,底座(1)上通过横向板(3)安装有能够检测剪切盒(2)位移量的位移传感器(7),位移传感器(7)和压力传感器(8)输出信号连接至外侧数据采集系统,液压泵(4)设置在底座(1)外侧,液压缸(5)通过液压泵(4)提供动力。1. An underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device, characterized in that: comprising a base (1), a shearing box (2), a hydraulic cylinder (5), a displacement sensor (7), and a pressure sensor (8) , the shear box (2) is a square frame with transparent upper and lower sides, the shear box (2) is slidably installed on the base (1), the rear side of the shear box (2) is provided with a pressure sensor (8), a hydraulic cylinder (5) Installed on the base (1), the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is connected with the pressure sensor (8), and the base (1) is installed with a transverse plate (3) capable of detecting the displacement of the shear box (2). The output signals of the displacement sensor (7), the displacement sensor (7) and the pressure sensor (8) are connected to the outside data acquisition system, the hydraulic pump (4) is arranged on the outside of the base (1), and the hydraulic cylinder (5) passes through the hydraulic pump (4) Provide power. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:还包括取样框(12),取样框(12)为与剪切盒(2)形状匹配的方形框体,取样框(12)侧壁上开有透水开口(20),透水开口(20)内设置有透水网片(21)。2. An underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a sampling frame (12), and the sampling frame (12) is shaped to match the shearing box (2). The square frame body of the sampling frame (12) is provided with a water-permeable opening (20) on the side wall, and a water-permeable mesh sheet (21) is arranged in the water-permeable opening (20). 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:取样框(12)为能够延对角线拆分为两部分,两部分接缝处通过卡槽(23)和卡块(24)相互卡插连接。3 . The in-situ shearing device for an underwater root-soil complex according to claim 2 , wherein the sampling frame ( 12 ) can be split into two parts along a diagonal line, and the joints of the two parts pass through the joint of the two parts. 4 . The card slot (23) and the card block (24) are connected to each other by card insertion. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:4. a kind of underwater root-soil complex in-situ shearing device according to claim 3, is characterized in that: 取样框(12)底面设置为刃口(22)。The bottom surface of the sampling frame (12) is set as a cutting edge (22). 5.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:还包括提放框架(14)和竖向支撑(26),提放框架(14)四角分别通过竖向支撑(26)固定在底座(1)上,底座(1)和提放框架(14)上分别开有相互同轴的安装孔(15),底座(1)和提放框架(14)上安装孔(15)设置有固定锚杆(16)。5. An underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: further comprising a lifting frame (14) and a vertical support (26), the lifting frame (14) ) The four corners are respectively fixed on the base (1) by the vertical support (26). The base (1) and the lifting frame (14) are respectively provided with mutually coaxial mounting holes (15). The mounting hole (15) on the frame (14) is provided with a fixed anchor rod (16). 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:竖向支撑(26)包括底伸缩套(17)、顶伸缩杆(18)及锁紧件(19),顶伸缩杆(18)顶端与提放框架(14)连接,底端插设在底伸缩套(17)内,底伸缩套(17)上设置有锁紧件(19)。6 . The in-situ shearing device for an underwater root-soil complex according to claim 5 , wherein the vertical support ( 26 ) comprises a bottom telescopic sleeve ( 17 ), a top telescopic rod ( 18 ) and a locking The top end of the top telescopic rod (18) is connected to the lifting frame (14), the bottom end is inserted into the bottom telescopic sleeve (17), and the bottom telescopic sleeve (17) is provided with a locking piece (19). 7.根据权利要求1、4或6所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:底座(1)上还设置有导向板(6),导向板(6)中部开支撑孔(25),液压缸(5)缸体固定在支撑孔(25)上。7. An underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device according to claim 1, 4 or 6, characterized in that: the base (1) is further provided with a guide plate (6), the guide plate (6) A support hole (25) is opened in the middle, and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixed on the support hole (25). 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:数据采集系统包括数据采集机箱(10)和数据终端上位机(11),位移传感器(7)和压力传感器(8)输出信号均连接至数据采集机箱(10),数据采集机箱(10)连接数据终端上位机(11)。8. An underwater root-soil complex in-situ shearing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition chassis (10), a data terminal host computer (11), a displacement sensor (7) ) and the output signals of the pressure sensor (8) are connected to the data acquisition chassis (10), and the data acquisition chassis (10) is connected to the data terminal host computer (11). 9.根据权利要求1、4、7或8所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:底座(1)两侧分别设置有导轨(9),剪切盒(2)两侧对称设置滑块(13),滑块(13)安装在导轨(9)上。9. An underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device according to claim 1, 4, 7 or 8, characterized in that: guide rails (9) are respectively provided on both sides of the base (1), and a shearing box (2) The sliders (13) are arranged symmetrically on both sides, and the sliders (13) are installed on the guide rails (9). 10.根据权利要求9所述的一种水下根土复合体原位剪切装置,其特征在于:位移传感器(7)采用防水拉绳位移传感器,压力传感器(8)采用防水S型高精度拉压传感器。10. An underwater root-soil composite in-situ shearing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: the displacement sensor (7) adopts a waterproof pull-rope displacement sensor, and the pressure sensor (8) adopts a waterproof S-type high-precision Pull pressure sensor.
CN202110211668.0A 2021-02-25 2021-02-25 Underwater root soil complex in-situ shearing device Pending CN113075058A (en)

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