CN106124341A - The field direct shear test sample preparation of a kind of Tu Yan interface and assay device - Google Patents
The field direct shear test sample preparation of a kind of Tu Yan interface and assay device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124341A CN106124341A CN201610442139.0A CN201610442139A CN106124341A CN 106124341 A CN106124341 A CN 106124341A CN 201610442139 A CN201610442139 A CN 201610442139A CN 106124341 A CN106124341 A CN 106124341A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The field direct shear test sample preparation of a kind of Tu Yan interface and assay device, it includes two guide rail brackets being parallel to each other, guide rail bracket is provided with spider, spider top is provided with sleeve, and sleeve upper end connects expansion link, and expansion link is connected with top board by sleeve, hydraulic jack vertically it is provided with below top board, hydraulic jack is connected with force transmission rack, and force transmission rack lower end is connected with shear box, and shear box is the square framework surrounded by the side of surrounding.The invention provides the collection sample preparation of a kind of self-stabilization, loading and Tu Yan interface scene straight shear device and the using method thereof being cut into one.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-the-spot Soil Direct Shear test sample preparation and charger, specifically, relate to rock power
Learn the preparation facilities to Tu Yan interface slide strips direct shear test sample in test field and direct shear test charger, it is adaptable to base
The shearing strength test of rock and soil body contact interface.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology, in civil engineering field, only consider safety and the stability of superstructure
Being insufficient for needs, ground, underground engineering, slope project etc. are the most gradually furtherd investigate.And these scientific researches
Be unableing to do without soil and rock, meanwhile, soil and the destruction of rock and deformation the most all cause due to failure by shear, the mistake of Geotechnical Engineering
Surely with destruction all along with the development of shear displacemant.Meanwhile, in Practical Project, a lot of talus slides are along
The slip that soil rock contact surface occurs, therefore, it is necessary to carry out experimental study to the shear behavior of soil rock contact surface.
Direct shear test is divided into on-the-spot in-situ direct shear test and indoor direct shear test two kinds, and laboratory test condition is good, border
Condition is easily controlled, simultaneously during sampling, transport, sample preparation, test, and the shape such as the integrity of sample, structural, moisture content
State is easily subject to disturbance, and result of the test is the most inaccurate, and laboratory test sampling size is the least simultaneously, have impact on to a certain extent
The verity of result of the test and representativeness, namely dimensional effect, so its scope of application is restricted.And test in situ
Can well avoid the disturbance to Rock And Soil, specimen size is relatively big, can the heterogeneity of the preferable Control Assay shadow to result
Ringing, therefore, its result of the test can reflect the shearing strength feature of soil rock contact surface more really, therefore, carries out Tu Yan contact
The on-the-spot in-situ direct shear test in face has obtained popularization and application in a lot of important engineerings.
Owing to the test of scene, Tu Yan interface presently, there are more test difficult point, wherein, the preparation of standard scissors sample is exactly
First difficult problem, the size that on-the-spot Soil Direct Shear test sample typically uses is: length × width × height=500mm × 500mm ×
280mm.When testing, general first in the test site excavation preparation one chosen, compared with bulk specimen base sample, (length is equal
More than 500mm), then use the manual samples of preparing of instrument such as cutting soil cutter, but prepare the physical dimension of sample, angle by hand
Degree, flatness are the most nonstandard, are extremely difficult to the requirement of test specification, and then directly result in the discreteness of result of the test, impact
The order of accuarcy of result of the test；Second, the Normal stress of field direct shear test applies often unstable, adds it is to enter on the slope
Row test, if use the form loading of preloading by normal conditions, is manually difficult to operate, and danger can be greatly increased, and works simultaneously
Amount is very big, and time and cost of labor are the highest.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of self-stabilization provided
Collect sample preparation, loading and be cut into Tu Yan interface scene straight shear device and the using method thereof of one.
The purpose of invention is achieved in that
The field direct shear test sample preparation of a kind of Tu Yan interface and assay device, it includes two guide rail brackets being parallel to each other, leads
Rail gantry is provided with spider, and spider top is provided with sleeve, and sleeve upper end connects expansion link, and expansion link passes through another sleeve
Being connected with top board, be vertically provided with hydraulic jack below top board, hydraulic jack is connected with force transmission rack, force transmission rack lower end and shearing
Box connects, and shear box is the square framework surrounded by the side of surrounding.
Be provided with in shear box lower end detachable cut soil cutter.
It is provided with horizontal addload framework two guide rail brackets being parallel to each other are added, is perpendicular to horizontal addload framework and is positioned at water
Plane is provided with horizontal hydraulic pressure jack.
Be equipped with rolling guide box in shear box both sides, the wheel on rolling guide box is located at the roller track on guide rail bracket
In.
Shear box is provided with lower pressure transmission plate, is arranged over uploading pressing plate at lower pressure transmission plate, in lower pressure transmission plate and lower pressure transmission
Roller bearing row it is provided with between plate.
Upper force transmitting board is placed with apparatus for measuring vertical displacement Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge.
Shear box side is placed with horizontal displacement measurement apparatus Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge.
Expansion link is provided with handle.
A kind of prepare with above-mentioned Tu Yan interface field direct shear test sample and assay device carries out side prepared by soil body sample
Method, comprises the following steps:
1) at the test site hand excavation's annular heatable adobe sleeping platform chosen, middle reserved base sample does not digs, then stays at heatable adobe sleeping platform partial center
Soil block manual amendment base sample；
2) before guide rail is installed in the preparation of the both sides of base sample, first carry out unwrapping wire according to the position of guide rails assembling, determine that earth anchor punches
Position, after drill bit para-position, utilize diesel engine rig to hole, then earth anchor squeezed into along the aperture that guide rail is reserved
Earth anchor hole forms rock anchor, with fixing guide rail；Every side rails needs to consolidate with an earth anchorage, with provide vertical counter-force with
Horizontal reacting force；
3) bolt is utilized to connect triangle-frame and guide rail, then will be flexible by the sleeve on crossbeam and on triangle-frame
Vertical rod couples together so that it is form vertical loading frame, and adjusts the height of Extensible upright rod, provides vertical by this framework
Counter-force；Install the most successively and cut soil cutter, shear box, force transmission rack, normal direction hydraulic jack, jack is withstood on crossbeam
On, and spirit level is installed on crossbeam, and by the spirit level on horizontal gird, determine that crossbeam is horizontal；
4) after said system arranges stable safety, apply thrust straight down by jack, by force transmission rack, power is passed
It is delivered on the cutter of shear box, vertically by base sample cut growth cube, pulls down and cut soil cutter；Again with shear box upper surface as standard, edge
Shear box upper surface and scabble to by upper surface with cutting soil cutter, be fabricated to standard specimen size.
A kind of prepare with above-mentioned Tu Yan interface field direct shear test sample and assay device carries out the side of direct shear test loading
Method, comprises the following steps:
1) after prepared by sample, being taken off by the soil cutter of cutting on shear box, by jack blood pressure lowering backhaul, first coarse adjustment is vertically stretched
The height of vertical rod, installs shear box, lower force transmitting board, roller bearing row, upper force transmitting board, normal direction hydraulic jack the most successively, and
Jack is withstood on crossbeam, more carefully jack and crossbeam are aligned compression by adjustment Extensible upright rod height, then pacify on crossbeam
Dress spirit level, and it is in level by spirit level adjustment crossbeam；Again by rolling guide box by rolling guide box bolt even
Receive on shear box, and place it in roller track and fix；Horizontal addload framework and guide rail bracket profit are joined with bolts, make
It forms horizontal addload system, and is arranged on by horizontal hydraulic pressure jack in the middle of shear box and jack fixed mount；By level thousand
Jin top fixed mount and guide rail profit are joined with bolts so that it is form horizontal addload framework, and installed by horizontal hydraulic pressure jack
In the middle of shear box and jack fixed mount；
2) vertically and horizontally displacement dial gauge is utilized respectively Magnetic gauge stand to be arranged on vertical cruciform bracing and on shear box；
3) apply Normal stress by normal direction jack and reach the test value of regulation；
4) etc. normal direction jack apply vertical pressure stable after, apply horizontal loading by level to jack, make shear box water
Translation is dynamic carries out slide strips soil body shearing, stops test, and record test related data after shear displacemant reaches code requirement, and
Draw shear load and vertical load relation curve.
The present invention can bring techniques below effect:
1. an on-the-spot Tu Yan interface slide strips field direct shear test sample preparation and the preparation of charger collection sample and direct shear test are
Integrally, it is to avoid manually repair the error of belt transect；
When testing the most at the scene, whole pilot system is constituted a self-stabilization system closed centered by guide rail, passes through guide rail
Normal stress and horizontal loading can be converted into the internal force of whole device, it is only necessary to ensure that earth anchorage stably can ensure whole
Stablizing of system；
3. during test under shear box on be provided with roller so that it is the most freely roll, it is to avoid shear box and bedrock surface
Contact, simultaneously can make shear box the most freely roll, decrease the frictional force that shear box brings, make horizontal shear force closer to
In truly；
4. be provided with on shear box upper and lower force transmitting board and between roller bearing row, it is ensured that normal pressure act on all the time sample center
Between, decrease the wobbler action that Normal stress applies；
5. the preparation of on-the-spot Soil Direct Shear test sample and charger, simple in construction, all parts are bolted, on-the-spot
Easy installation and removal, it is simple to transport, it is adaptable to the produced on-site at Tu Yan interface and teaching test.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3.
Detailed description of the invention
The preparation of embodiment 1: Tu Yan interface field direct shear test sample and assay device, it include two be parallel to each other lead
Rail gantry 1, guide rail bracket 1 is provided with spider 2, and spider 2 top is provided with sleeve 3, and sleeve 3 upper end connects expansion link 4, expansion link
4 are connected with top board 6 by sleeve 5, are vertically provided with hydraulic jack 7 below top board 6, and hydraulic jack 7 is connected with force transmission rack 8,
Force transmission rack 8 lower end is connected with shear box 9, and shear box 9 is the square framework surrounded by the side of surrounding.
Be provided with in shear box 9 lower end detachable cut soil cutter 10.
Expansion link 4 is provided with handle 19.
Carry out soil body sample when preparing, comprise the following steps:
1) at the test site hand excavation's annular heatable adobe sleeping platform chosen, middle reserved base sample does not digs, and the size of heatable adobe sleeping platform is about
1200mm × 1500mm, then stay soil block manual amendment base sample at heatable adobe sleeping platform partial center, make wall side, base sample distance hole away from
From about 700mm, work for level jack, base sample is trimmed to length, width and height and is respectively 540mm × 540mm × 300mm's
Sun-dried mud brick sample is stand-by；
2) before guide rail is installed in the preparation of the both sides of base sample, first carry out unwrapping wire according to the position of guide rails assembling, determine that earth anchor punches
Position, after drill bit para-position, utilize diesel engine rig to hole, then earth anchor squeezed into along the aperture that guide rail is reserved
Earth anchor hole forms rock anchor, with fixing guide rail.Every side rails needs to consolidate with an earth anchorage, with provide vertical counter-force with
Horizontal reacting force；
3) bolt is utilized to connect triangle-frame and guide rail, then will be flexible by the sleeve on crossbeam and on triangle-frame
Vertical rod couples together so that it is form vertical loading frame, and adjusts the height of Extensible upright rod, provides vertical by this framework
Counter-force；Install the most successively and cut soil cutter, shear box, force transmission rack, normal direction hydraulic jack, jack is withstood on crossbeam
On, and spirit level is installed on crossbeam, and by the spirit level on horizontal gird, determine that crossbeam is horizontal；
4) after said system arranges stable safety, apply thrust straight down by jack, by force transmission rack, power is passed
It is delivered on the cutter of shear box, vertically by the cuboid of base sample cut growth × wide=500mm × 500mm, pulls down and cut soil cutter；Again with
Shear box upper surface is standard, scabbles to by upper surface with cutting soil cutter along shear box upper surface, is fabricated to standard specimen size
I.e. length × width × height=500mm × 500mm × 280mm.
Embodiment 2: be provided with horizontal addload framework 11 two guide rail brackets being parallel to each other 1 are added, be perpendicular to horizontal addload
Framework 11 and be positioned at horizontal plane and be provided with level jack 12.
Being equipped with rolling guide box 13 in shear box 9 both sides, the wheel 14 on rolling guide box is located at the rolling on guide rail bracket 1
In wheel track.
Shear box 9 is provided with lower pressure transmission plate 15, is arranged over uploading pressing plate 17 at lower pressure transmission plate 15, at lower pressure transmission plate 15
And between lower pressure transmission plate 17, it is provided with roller bearing row 16.
Upper force transmitting board 17 is placed with apparatus for measuring vertical displacement Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge 18.
The method carrying out direct shear test loading, comprises the following steps:
1) after prepared by sample, being taken off by the soil cutter of cutting on shear box, by jack blood pressure lowering backhaul, first coarse adjustment is vertically stretched
The height of vertical rod, installs shear box, lower force transmitting board, roller bearing row, upper force transmitting board, normal direction hydraulic jack the most successively, and
Jack is withstood on crossbeam, more carefully jack and crossbeam are aligned compression by adjustment, then spirit level is installed on crossbeam, and lead to
Cross spirit level adjustment crossbeam and be in level.Again rolling guide box is bolted on shear box by rolling guide box,
And place it in roller track and fix.Horizontal addload framework and guide rail bracket profit are joined with bolts so that it is formation level adds
Loading system, and horizontal hydraulic pressure jack is arranged in the middle of shear box and jack fixed mount；By level jack fixed mount and
Guide rail profit is joined with bolts so that it is form horizontal addload framework, and horizontal hydraulic pressure jack is arranged on shear box and thousand
In the middle of the fixed mount of jin top；
2) vertically and horizontally displacement dial gauge is utilized respectively Magnetic gauge stand to be arranged on vertical cruciform bracing and on shear box；
3) apply Normal stress by normal direction jack and reach the test value of regulation；
4) etc. normal direction jack apply vertical pressure stable after, apply horizontal loading by level to jack, make shear box water
Translation is dynamic carries out slide strips soil body shearing, stops test, and record test related data after shear displacemant reaches code requirement, and
Draw shear load and vertical load relation curve.
Using said structure, during use, patent of the present invention is instrument based on Coulomb block effect test soil shear strength test
Device, mainly reaches to shear sample by generation horizontal displacement between shear box and basement rock.During test, sample is loaded into be cut
Cutting in box, shear box and guide rail bracket are connected by rolling guide box, convenient shearing, reduce the friction between shear box and guide rail
Power；The top of shear box is put upper and lower force transmitting board, and roller bearing row.It is placed with apparatus for measuring vertical displacement on upper force transmitting board
Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge.Horizontal displacement measurement apparatus Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge it is placed with on shear box.Shear box can be at water
Put down level slip between roller track and rolling guide box under the driving of hydraulic jack, thus reach to shear the effect of sample
Really.Horizontal thrust can be read by the Pressure gauge being connected on jack, and horizontal displacement is by the magnetic being placed in shear box rear end
Gauge stand and dial gauge record；Normal pressure can be read by the Pressure gauge that is connected in normal direction hydraulic jack, Normal Displacement by
It is arranged on the dial gauge uploading on pressing plate to read.In whole process of the test, record dial gauge (or displacement transducer) and thousand
The data of jin pressure on top surface table, till the relative displacement between shear box up and down reaches code requirement, now off-test.
Claims (9)
1. a Tu Yan interface field direct shear test sample preparation and assay device, it is characterised in that: it includes that two are mutually put down
The guide rail bracket (1) of row, guide rail bracket (1) is provided with spider (2), and spider (2) top is provided with sleeve (3), and sleeve (3) upper end is even
Being connected to expansion link (4), expansion link (4) is connected with top board (6) by sleeve (5), and top board (6) lower section is vertically provided with hydraulic jack
(7), hydraulic jack (7) is connected with force transmission rack (8), and force transmission rack (8) lower end is connected with shear box (9), and shear box (9) is by four
The square framework that the side in week surrounds.
A kind of Tu Yan interface the most according to claim 1 field direct shear test sample preparation and assay device, its feature exists
In: be provided with in shear box (9) lower end detachable cut soil cutter (10).
A kind of Tu Yan interface the most according to claim 1 field direct shear test sample preparation and assay device, its feature exists
In: be provided with horizontal addload framework (11) two guide rail brackets being parallel to each other (1) are added, be perpendicular to horizontal addload framework (11) and
It is positioned at horizontal plane and is provided with level jack (12).
A kind of Tu Yan interface the most according to claim 3 field direct shear test sample preparation and assay device, its feature exists
In: being equipped with rolling guide box (13) in shear box (9) both sides, the wheel (14) on rolling guide box is located on guide rail bracket (1)
Roller track in.
A kind of Tu Yan interface the most according to claim 4 field direct shear test sample preparation and assay device, its feature exists
In: on shear box (9), it is provided with lower pressure transmission plate (15), is arranged over uploading pressing plate (17), in lower pressure transmission lower pressure transmission plate (15)
Roller bearing row (16) it is provided with between plate (15) and lower pressure transmission plate (17).
A kind of Tu Yan interface the most according to claim 5 field direct shear test sample preparation and assay device, its feature exists
In: on upper force transmitting board (17), it is placed with apparatus for measuring vertical displacement Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge (18).
A kind of Tu Yan interface the most according to claim 1 field direct shear test sample preparation and assay device, its feature exists
In: on expansion link (4), it is provided with handle (19).
8. one kind with described in claim 2, prepared by Tu Yan interface field direct shear test sample and assay device carries out soil body sample system
Standby method, comprises the following steps:
At the test site hand excavation's annular heatable adobe sleeping platform chosen, middle reserved base sample does not digs, then stays soil at heatable adobe sleeping platform partial center
Block manual amendment base sample；
Before guide rail is installed in the preparation of the both sides of base sample, first carry out unwrapping wire according to the position of guide rails assembling, determine what earth anchor punched
Position, after drill bit para-position, utilizes diesel engine rig to hole, and is then squeezed on ground along the aperture that guide rail is reserved by earth anchor
Anchor hole hole forms rock anchor, with fixing guide rail；Every side rails needs to consolidate with an earth anchorage, to provide vertical counter-force and water
Redress power；
Bolt is utilized to connect triangle-frame and guide rail, then by the sleeve on crossbeam and on triangle-frame by Extensible upright rod
Couple together so that it is form vertical loading frame, and adjust the height of Extensible upright rod, provide vertical anti-by this framework
Power；Install the most successively and cut soil cutter, shear box, force transmission rack, normal direction hydraulic jack, jack is withstood on crossbeam,
And spirit level is installed on crossbeam, and by the spirit level on horizontal gird, determine that crossbeam is horizontal；
After said system arranges stable safety, apply thrust straight down by jack, by force transmission rack, power is transmitted
On the cutter of shear box, vertically by base sample cut growth cube, pull down and cut soil cutter；Again with shear box upper surface as standard, along
Shear box upper surface scabbles to by upper surface with cutting soil cutter, is fabricated to standard specimen size.
9. prepare with Tu Yan interface field direct shear test sample described in claim 3 and assay device carries out direct shear test and adds for one kind
The method carried, comprises the following steps:
After prepared by sample, the soil cutter of cutting on shear box is taken off, by jack blood pressure lowering backhaul, the first vertical telescopic vertical of coarse adjustment
The height of bar, installs shear box, lower force transmitting board, roller bearing row, upper force transmitting board, normal direction hydraulic jack the most successively, and will
Jack withstands on crossbeam, more carefully jack and crossbeam are aligned compression by the vertical Extensible upright rod height of adjustment, then on crossbeam
Spirit level is installed, and is in level by spirit level adjustment crossbeam；Again by rolling guide box by rolling guide box bolt
It is connected on shear box, and places it in roller track and fix；Horizontal addload framework and guide rail bracket profit are joined with bolts,
Form it into horizontal addload system, and horizontal hydraulic pressure jack is arranged in the middle of shear box and jack fixed mount；By level
Jack fixed mount and guide rail profit are joined with bolts so that it is form horizontal addload framework, and pacified by horizontal hydraulic pressure jack
It is contained in the middle of shear box and jack fixed mount；
Vertically and horizontally displacement dial gauge is utilized respectively Magnetic gauge stand be arranged on vertical cruciform bracing and on shear box；
Apply Normal stress by normal direction jack and reach the test value of regulation；
4) etc. normal direction jack apply vertical pressure stable after, apply horizontal loading by level to jack, make shear box water
Translation is dynamic carries out slide strips soil body shearing, stops test, and record test related data after shear displacemant reaches code requirement, and
Draw shear load and vertical load relation curve.
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| CN201610442139.0A CN106124341B (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | A kind of preparation of the interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610442139.0A CN106124341B (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | A kind of preparation of the interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig |
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| CN106124341B CN106124341B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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| CN108106949A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-01 | 深圳大学 | Method and symmetrical direct shear apparatus for stake Soil Interface shearing strength in-situ test |
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| CN114354388A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁建新疆京新高速公路有限公司 | Soil mass structure concrete dynamic shear creep experimental apparatus |
| CN114858621A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-08-05 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Mud rock on-site direct shear test method and equipment |
| CN116593320A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-08-15 | 广东有色工程勘察设计院 | Experimental system for acquiring shear strength parameters of rock and soil mass and application method thereof |
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