CN112868496B - Optimized cultivation layer with excellent hardness, traction and elasticity for natural football field lawn - Google Patents
Optimized cultivation layer with excellent hardness, traction and elasticity for natural football field lawn Download PDFInfo
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- CN112868496B CN112868496B CN202110134259.5A CN202110134259A CN112868496B CN 112868496 B CN112868496 B CN 112868496B CN 202110134259 A CN202110134259 A CN 202110134259A CN 112868496 B CN112868496 B CN 112868496B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001520823 Zoysia Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000052363 Cynodon dactylon Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optimized plough layer of a natural football field lawn and a preparation method thereof, wherein the optimized plough layer comprises 50-75% of medium coarse sand or fine sand, 10-20% of vermiculite, 10-20% of perlite and 5-10% of organic fertilizer according to volume ratio. The optimized cultivation layer of the natural football field lawn has the advantages of moderate hardness, good water retention and permeability, moderate horizontal traction force, good elasticity and the like. Not only meets the requirements of sports on the surface of the field, but also meets the requirements of lawn grass on normal growth, and meets or approaches the national standard. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, easy to realize, low in cost and suitable for actual production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lawn cultivation layer, in particular to a natural lawn optimization cultivation layer suitable for a football field, a tennis court, an olive court or a golf course green.
Background
The lawn bed is the whole body of soil for lawn grass to grow, is a carrier and a growing medium of the lawn grass and comprises a plough layer and the following various draining layers. The plough layer is the foundation of lawn grass, and influences the quality and durability of the lawn. The ideal plough layer should have good permeability, good elasticity, good water retention and moderate fertility. The requirements of sports on the field surface are met, and the normal growth requirements of lawn grass are met, so that balance is achieved between the requirements.
In the prior art, Chinese patent CN107258513A discloses a planting substrate, but the substrate is mainly peat soil, the peat soil is soft, and the substrate for gardening flowers still meets the requirements, but the mechanical property of the lawn itself in the field of sports lawns such as football fields or golf courses has higher requirements, and the requirements of the strength, horizontal traction force, elasticity and the like of the lawn are high, so the substrate can not meet the requirements of the sports lawns.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide an optimized cultivation layer of a natural football field lawn, which has moderate hardness, good water retention and permeability, moderate horizontal traction force and good elasticity; the second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the football field lawn optimizing plough layer.
The technical scheme is as follows: the optimized cultivation layer of the natural football field lawn comprises 50-75% of medium coarse sand or fine sand, 10-20% of vermiculite, 10-20% of perlite and 5-10% of organic fertilizer according to volume ratio.
Furthermore, the medium coarse sand comprises 0.5-0.6% of sand grains with the particle size of 2-5mm, 0.9-1.0% of sand grains with the particle size of 1-2mm, 25.3-25.7% of sand grains with the particle size of 0.5-1mm, 49.3-50.3% of sand grains with the particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 22.5-23.5% of sand grains with the particle size of 0-0.25mm according to the particle size specification.
Furthermore, the fine sand comprises 0.4-0.6% of sand grains with the particle size of 2-5mm, 0.1-0.3% of sand grains with the particle size of 1-2mm, 0.8-1.0% of sand grains with the particle size of 0.5-1mm, 47.5-49.6% of sand grains with the particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 48.7-50.8% of sand grains with the particle size of 0-0.25mm according to the particle size specification.
Further, the vermiculite comprises 3.2% -3.6% of 2-5mm vermiculite, 12.0% -15.2% of 1-2mm vermiculite, 44.6% -45.5% of 0.5-1mm vermiculite, 21.5% -22.0% of 0.25-0.5mm vermiculite and 14.1% -18.3% of 0-0.25mm vermiculite according to the particle size specification.
Furthermore, the perlite comprises 0.4% -0.6% of perlite with the particle size of 2-5mm, 32.1% -34.1% of perlite with the particle size of 1-2mm, 51.5% -52.9% of perlite with the particle size of 0.5-1mm, 6.8% -8.8% of perlite with the particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 5.6% -7.1% of perlite with the particle size of 0-0.25 mm.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an optimized plough layer of a natural football field lawn, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively sieving vermiculite, perlite, medium coarse sand or fine sand, and sieving to remove the part with the particle size of more than 5 mm;
(2) mixing the screened vermiculite, perlite, medium coarse sand or fine sand with the pure natural granular bio-organic fertilizer according to a ratio, and uniformly stirring;
(3) and spreading the mixed matrix on a football field lawn bed, layering and spreading, rolling, leveling, irrigating and settling to obtain an optimized cultivation layer of the natural football field lawn.
Furthermore, the layered paving is firstly paved to 80% -90% of the designed thickness by a loader, and then is filled to 100% after leveling and rolling.
Further, the roller pressing is uniformly performed by using a roller press with 800-.
Furthermore, the leveling adopts a satellite grader.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the optimized cultivation layer of the natural football field lawn has the advantages of moderate hardness, good water retention and permeability, moderate horizontal traction force, good elasticity and the like. Not only meets the requirements of sports on the surface of the field, but also meets the requirements of lawn grass on normal growth, and meets or approaches the national standard.
(2) The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, easy to realize, low in cost and suitable for actual production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the hardness of the surface of the lawn bed before and after the cultivation of the lawn in the natural soccer field of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the water penetration rate of the lawn bed before and after the lawn cultivation layer of the natural soccer field is trampled and damaged;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a lawn bed traction force after the lawn cultivation layer of the natural football field is trampled and damaged;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the ball bounce condition after the lawn cultivation layer of the natural football field is trampled and damaged.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
Examples
And (3) experimental design: in the test, 5 kinds of matrixes such as medium-coarse sand, fine sand, garden soil, vermiculite, perlite and the like are designed and combined to be used as treatment, random block arrangement is adopted, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, the area of a cell is 2m multiplied by 2m, a planting box made of wood laths or iron laths is used as a planting cell, and the depth of the box is 30 cm; the test grass seeds adopt common bermudagrass in football fields, the substrates are uniformly mixed according to the proportion before planting, the mixture is flatly paved in a planting box, the stem segments of the bermudagrass are adopted for broadcasting, and the substrates with the length of 0.5cm are covered after the broadcasting is finished; after the finished lawn reaches the standard of the use of the football field, the finished lawn is uniformly and consistently trampled according to the use convention of the football field until the partially treated lawn is damaged and destroyed and then is recovered.
The following matrix combinations were designed: each combination contained 10% organic fertilizer.
Wherein the texture of the raw materials involved is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 1, the qualified value of the national standard surface hardness is 10 to 100, and the optimal value is 20 to 80; in the test, the surface hardness of the five treatments of ZCS + ZZY, ZCS + ZS + ZZY, XS + ZS + ZZY meets the national standard, wherein the surface hardness is sequentially ZCS + ZS + ZZY (79.6) → XS + ZS + ZZY (86.7) → XS + ZS (89.5) → ZCS + ZS (91.0) → ZCS + ZZY (99.0) from the optimal value to the qualified value.
As shown in FIG. 2, the national standard qualified value of the water penetration rate of the terrace bed is 0.4 to 1.2, and the optimal value is 0.6 to 1.0 mm/min; in the test, only two treatments of ZCS + ZS + ZZY (1.06) and XS + ZS + ZZY (0.61) meet the national standard, wherein XS + ZS + ZZY meets the best requirement.
As shown in FIG. 3, the national standard qualified value of the traction coefficient is 1.0-1.8, and the optimal value is 1.2-1.4; in this test, only the two treatments ZCS + ZS + ZZY (1.77) and XS + ZS + ZZY (1.77) have traction coefficients meeting the national standards.
As shown in fig. 4, the national standard qualified value of the ball rebound rate is 15% -55%, and the optimal value is 20% -50%; the rebound coefficient of all 12 treatments in the test is between 39 and 48, and all the rebound coefficients meet the optimum value range of the national standard.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, the content ratio of coarse sand, vermiculite, perlite and organic fertilizer is 40%, 25% and 10%, and other steps are the same as the examples. The results show that: the surface hardness of the terrace of the comparative example 1 is qualified, the water seepage rate is qualified, but the traction coefficient is 0.89, the ball rebound rate is 13%, and the terrace does not meet the requirements of national standards.
Comparative example 2
In the comparative example, the content ratio of coarse sand, vermiculite, perlite and organic fertilizer is 80%, 5% and 10%, and other steps are the same as the examples. The results show that: the plateau bed surface hardness of comparative example 2, 118, was too hard; the water seepage rate is 2.3, and the water seepage is too fast; the traction coefficient is 1.85, and the requirements of national standards are not met.
Comparative example 3
In the comparative example, the content ratio of fine sand, vermiculite, perlite and organic fertilizer is 40%, 25% and 10%, and other steps are the same as the examples. The results show that: the surface hardness of the terrace of the comparative example 3 is qualified, but the water seepage rate is 0.3, but the traction coefficient is 0.83, and the ball rebound rate is 12%, which do not meet the requirements of national standard.
Comparative example 4
In the comparative example, the content ratio of fine sand, vermiculite, perlite and organic fertilizer is 80%, 5% and 10%, and other steps are the same as the examples. The results show that: the apron surface hardness of comparative example 4, 111, was too hard; the water seepage rate is 1.6, and the water seepage is too fast; the traction coefficient is 1.81, and the requirements of national standards are not met.
Comparative example 5
In the comparative example, the content ratio of coarse sand, vermiculite and perlite is 60%, 15% and 15%, but the coarse sand, the vermiculite and the perlite are not sieved, and the particle size is larger than 5 mm. The results show that: the sand grains with the grain diameter larger than 5mm in the sand and impurities influence the uniformity of the texture of the plough layer, so that the quality of different places is uneven, the surface hardness of the terrace bed of the comparative example 5 is 79.6-106.5, the water seepage rate is 1.06-2.3, the traction coefficient is 1.77-3.05, the ball rebound rate is 39.1-42.7%, and the quality of the terrace bed of the football field is not in line with the quality standard of the terrace bed of the football field.
In conclusion, the optimized plough layer of the natural football field lawn has the advantages that the hardness and the hardness of a lawn bed formed by a matrix formed by compounding medium coarse sand, vermiculite, perlite and an organic fertilizer and a matrix formed by compounding fine sand, vermiculite, perlite and an organic fertilizer are moderate, the water retention and permeability are good, the horizontal traction force is moderate, the elasticity is good, the requirements of national standards are met, and the optimized plough layer is suitable for the use standard of sports fields.
Claims (3)
1. An optimized cultivation layer of natural football field lawn with good hardness, traction and elasticity is characterized in that the optimized cultivation layer comprises 50% -75% of medium and coarse sand or fine sand, 10% -20% of vermiculite, 10% -20% of perlite and 5% -10% of organic fertilizer according to volume ratio;
the medium coarse sand comprises 0.5 to 0.6 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 2 to 5mm, 0.9 to 1.0 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 1 to 2mm, 25.3 to 25.7 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 0.5 to 1mm, 49.3 to 50.3 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 0.25 to 0.5mm and 22.5 to 23.5 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 0 to 0.25mm according to the particle size specification;
the fine sand comprises 0.4 to 0.6 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 2 to 5mm, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 1 to 2mm, 0.8 to 1.0 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 0.5 to 1mm, 47.5 to 49.6 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 0.25 to 0.5mm and 48.7 to 50.8 percent of sand grains with the particle size of 0 to 0.25mm according to the particle size specification;
the preparation method of the optimized plough layer of the natural football court lawn comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively sieving vermiculite, perlite, medium coarse sand or fine sand, and sieving to remove the part with the particle size of more than 5 mm;
(2) mixing the screened vermiculite, perlite, medium coarse sand or fine sand with the pure natural granular bio-organic fertilizer according to a ratio, and uniformly stirring;
(3) spreading the mixed matrix on a football field lawn bed, layering and spreading, combining rolling, leveling, irrigating and settling to obtain an optimized cultivation layer of the natural football field lawn; the layered paving is carried out by firstly paving 80-90% of the designed thickness by adopting a loader and then filling to 100% after leveling and rolling;
the vermiculite comprises 3.2-3.6% of 2-5mm vermiculite, 12.0-15.2% of 1-2mm vermiculite, 44.6-45.5% of 0.5-1mm vermiculite, 21.5-22.0% of 0.25-0.5mm vermiculite and 14.1-18.3% of 0-0.25mm vermiculite according to the particle size specification;
the perlite comprises 0.4-0.6% of perlite with the particle size of 2-5mm, 32.1-34.1% of perlite with the particle size of 1-2mm, 51.5-52.9% of perlite with the particle size of 0.5-1mm, 6.8-8.8% of perlite with the particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 5.6-7.1% of perlite with the particle size of 0-0.25 mm.
2. The optimized cultivation layer for natural football court lawn with excellent hardness, traction force and elasticity as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the roller pressing is performed uniformly by using a roller press with 800-1000 kg.
3. The optimized cultivation layer for natural football court lawn with good hardness, traction and elasticity as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the leveling is performed by using a satellite grader.
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| CN202110134259.5A CN112868496B (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Optimized cultivation layer with excellent hardness, traction and elasticity for natural football field lawn |
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| CN202110134259.5A CN112868496B (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Optimized cultivation layer with excellent hardness, traction and elasticity for natural football field lawn |
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| CN112868496B true CN112868496B (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007176766A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Shinso Green:Kk | Fertilizer for raising lawn and method for raising lawn |
| CN102715068A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-10 | 雷文东 | Water-retention soilless culture medium |
| CN104145669A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Lawn produced from municipal sludge compost mixed matrixes and preparation method thereof |
| CN109006043A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-18 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of the Football Field Turf level ground bed structure and its construction method of adaptation to local conditions |
| CN111335112A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-26 | 闫宝生 | Environment-friendly sponge artificial lawn and construction method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-01-29 CN CN202110134259.5A patent/CN112868496B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007176766A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Shinso Green:Kk | Fertilizer for raising lawn and method for raising lawn |
| CN102715068A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-10 | 雷文东 | Water-retention soilless culture medium |
| CN104145669A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Lawn produced from municipal sludge compost mixed matrixes and preparation method thereof |
| CN109006043A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-18 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of the Football Field Turf level ground bed structure and its construction method of adaptation to local conditions |
| CN111335112A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-26 | 闫宝生 | Environment-friendly sponge artificial lawn and construction method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 不同坪床配比对‘阳江’狗牙根草坪耐践踏性的影响;李丹丹等;《草业学报》;20190815;第28卷(第8期);第72-83页 * |
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