CN112804115B - Method, device and equipment for detecting abnormity of virtual network function - Google Patents
Method, device and equipment for detecting abnormity of virtual network function Download PDFInfo
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- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
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- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
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- H04L43/10—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route
- H04L43/106—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route using time related information in packets, e.g. by adding timestamps
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device and equipment for detecting the abnormity of a virtual network function, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card, wherein the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor with a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp of the available index can represent the latest updating time of the available index; and calculating the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time, so as to determine whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not according to the time difference. Through the time stamp of the available index, whether the available index is not updated for a long time can be determined, so that whether the available index is not updated due to the fact that the virtual network function is abnormal can be determined, and the abnormal virtual network function can be quickly detected.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of anomaly detection technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a device for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function.
Background
A Virtual Network Function (VNF) may be operated as a software running instance in a specific virtual environment on a specific server, and is increasingly valued and applied by various operators. The VNF and other virtual devices such as the vruter may complete message transmission through a virtual network interface card (vNIC).
The vNIC may be divided into a front-end device and a back-end device according to a message transmission direction, and the message is transmitted from the back-end device to the front-end device. The front-end device may be a VNF side, and the back-end device may be a vRouter interacting with the VNF side. In practical application, VRouter may serve as a deployment base on which a large number of VNF network elements may be carried, and the VNF and the VRouter may be directly connected through a vNIC virtualized by the VRouter.
However, when the number of VNF network elements deployed on a VRouter is large, there is often a case that a failed VNF network element cannot be detected in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device and equipment for detecting the abnormity of a virtual network function, so that when a VNF network element is in abnormity such as failure, the VNF network element can be detected in time.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function, where the method includes: acquiring a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card, wherein the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor with a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp represents the latest updating time of the available index; calculating the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time; and determining whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not according to the time difference. In this embodiment, because, in a normal case, the virtual network function allocates a new available packet storage address to the descriptor that is newly marked as an idle state after receiving the packet, so that the available index is updated frequently, if a time difference between a timestamp of the available index and the current time is large, it indicates that the available index is not updated for a long time, that is, it indicates that the front-end device does not allocate an available packet storage address to the descriptor ring for a long time, which is likely to be because the front-end device does not receive the packet for a long time, and the available index is not updated for a long time, and it can be considered that the virtual network function is abnormal. In addition, in practical application, the update interval of the available index is usually much smaller than the period of sending the BFD control message by the back-end device, so that when the virtual network function is determined to be abnormal according to the duration of the available index which is not updated continuously, the required detection duration is smaller than the period of sending the BFD control message by the back-end device, and the abnormal virtual network function can be detected in time.
In some possible embodiments, the determining, according to the time difference, whether an exception exists in a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card includes: and when the time difference is larger than a first preset threshold value, determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal. In this embodiment, it may specifically be determined whether there is an abnormality in the virtual network function according to a size between the time difference and the first preset threshold. It can be understood that when the time difference is greater than the first preset threshold, it indicates that the time during which the available index is not updated is longer, that is, it is characterized that the virtual network function does not receive the packet continuously for a longer time, so that it can be determined that the virtual network function is likely to have an abnormality such as a failure. Of course, when the time difference is greater than the first preset threshold, it may be determined that there is no abnormality in the virtual network function temporarily.
In some possible embodiments, the determining, according to the time difference, whether an exception exists in a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card includes: when the time difference is larger than a first preset threshold value, monitoring the duration of the available index which is not updated; when the duration is greater than a second preset threshold, determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal; when the duration is not greater than the second preset threshold, determining that no abnormality exists in the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card; wherein the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold. In this embodiment, in a part of application scenarios of the actual application, it is also possible that the available index is not updated for a long time due to a slow data processing rate, and therefore, to further provide the detection accuracy, the backend device may perform secondary verification on the virtual network function. Specifically, when the time difference is greater than a first preset threshold, the time difference is compared with a second preset threshold that is greater than the first preset threshold, so that when the duration is greater than the second preset threshold, the backend device may determine that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal, and when the duration is not greater than the second preset threshold, the backend device may temporarily determine that the virtual network function is not abnormal.
In a possible implementation manner, the first preset threshold is determined according to a descriptor ring size of the virtual network interface card and a current packet sending rate of the virtual network interface card.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises: acquiring the current message sending rate of the virtual network interface card; and calculating the message sending time length by using the size of the descriptor ring and the current message sending rate, and taking the message sending time length as the first preset threshold value. In this embodiment, the message sending duration calculated according to the size of the descriptor ring and the current message sending rate may represent a total duration required by each descriptor in the descriptor ring to complete one update under the condition that the back-end device sends the message at the current message sending rate, and in this period, if the virtual network function does not fail, the virtual network function receives the message at least once and completes one update of the available index. Therefore, the back-end device may use the message sending duration as a first preset threshold, so as to determine whether the virtual network function is abnormal based on a magnitude relationship between the first preset threshold and the time difference.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and reporting the virtual network function abnormity when the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is determined to be abnormal. In this embodiment, by reporting the abnormal virtual network function, the relevant technical personnel can perform corresponding maintenance on the virtual network function based on the reporting condition. Meanwhile, the backend device may switch the service (flow) of the virtual network function to another virtual network function, for example, the backend device may switch the service of the abnormal virtual network function to another virtual network function according to a principle of load balancing, or may simply switch the service of the abnormal virtual network function to another virtual network function having the same service processing capability, so that the service of the failed virtual network function may be continuously executed on the other virtual network function.
In some possible embodiments, the method further comprises: when determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is not abnormal, calculating the number of idle descriptors between the available index and a current index corresponding to the virtual network interface card, wherein the current index indicates a tail address of a descriptor marked as an occupied state on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card; and when the number of the idle descriptors is larger than the preset number, sending a message to the virtual network function. In this embodiment, when the back-end device determines that the virtual network function is not abnormal, the back-end device may send a message to the virtual network function according to a normal message sending flow.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function, where the apparatus includes: a first obtaining module, configured to obtain a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card, where the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor having a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp represents a time when the available index is updated last time; the first calculation module is used for calculating the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time; and the determining module is used for determining whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not according to the time difference.
In some possible embodiments, the determining module is specifically configured to determine that a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal when the time difference is greater than a first preset threshold.
In some possible embodiments, the determining module includes: the detection unit is used for monitoring the duration time of the available index which is not updated when the time difference is greater than a first preset threshold value; the first determining unit is used for determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal when the duration is greater than a second preset threshold; a second determining unit, configured to determine that there is no exception in a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card when the duration is not greater than the second preset threshold; wherein the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold.
In some possible embodiments, the first preset threshold is determined according to a descriptor ring size of the virtual network interface card and a current packet sending rate of the virtual network interface card.
In some possible embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the current message sending rate of the virtual network interface card; and the second calculation module is used for calculating the message sending time length by using the size of the descriptor ring and the current message sending rate, and taking the message sending time length as the first preset threshold value.
In some possible embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:
and the reporting module is used for reporting the virtual network function abnormity when the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is determined to be abnormal.
In some possible embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:
a third calculating module, configured to calculate, when it is determined that there is no exception in a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card, a number of idle descriptors between the available index and a current index corresponding to the virtual network interface card, where the current index indicates a tail address of a descriptor marked as an occupied state on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card; and the sending module is used for sending a message to the virtual network function when the number of the idle descriptors is larger than the preset number.
Since the apparatus for detecting an abnormality of a virtual network function according to the second aspect corresponds to the method for detecting an abnormality of a virtual network function according to the first aspect, various possible embodiments of the apparatus for detecting an abnormality of a virtual network function according to the second aspect may refer to various possible embodiments of the method for detecting an abnormality of a virtual network function according to the first aspect.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus, which includes a processor and a memory, where the processor is coupled with the memory; the memory is for storing a computer program or instructions; the processor is configured to execute the computer program or the instructions, so that the method for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function according to any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect is performed.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions, when executed on a computer, to cause the computer to perform the method for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function according to any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions to implement the method for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function according to any one of the possible implementation manners in the first aspect, and the interface circuit is configured to communicate with another module outside the chip. Alternatively, the chip may be located in a back-end device or a separately provided device (e.g., a controller, etc.).
In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a program for implementing the method for detecting an abnormality of a virtual network function according to any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect. For example, when the program runs in a backend device, the backend device is caused to execute the abnormality detection method for the virtual network function according to any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect.
In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, where the computer program product includes a program, and when the program is executed, the method for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function according to any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect is executed.
In the foregoing implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card may be obtained, where the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor having a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp of the available index may represent a time when the available index is updated last time; then, the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time can be calculated, so that whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not can be determined according to the time difference. It can be understood that, in a general case, after receiving a packet, the virtual network function allocates a new available packet storage address to the descriptor that is newly marked as an idle state, so that the available index is updated frequently, and if a time difference between a timestamp of the available index and a current time is large, it indicates that the available index is not updated for a long time, that is, it indicates that the front-end device does not allocate an available packet storage address to the descriptor ring for a long time, which is likely to be because the front-end device does not receive a packet for a long time, so that the available index is not updated for a long time, and it can be considered that the virtual network function is abnormal. In addition, in practical application, the update interval of the available index is usually much smaller than the period of sending the BFD control message by the back-end device, so that when the virtual network function is determined to be abnormal according to the duration of the available index which is not updated continuously, the required detection duration is smaller than the period of sending the BFD control message by the back-end device, and the abnormal virtual network function can be detected in time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary virtual network interface card in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of VNFs deployed on a vruter;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method for a virtual network function according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anomaly detection apparatus for virtual network functions in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an apparatus in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the virtual network interface card may be divided into a front-end device and a back-end device. The front-end device may specifically be a VNF side, the candidate may specifically be a vruter, and the front-end device and the back-end device may interact with each other in a manner of a shared descriptor Ring (Desc Ring), where the Desc Ring stores a descriptor. Each descriptor may indicate a memory address where a packet sent by the backend device may be recorded, a length of the packet, a state identifier, and the like, where the state identifier may be used to indicate whether a descriptor corresponding to the state identifier is in an occupied state or an idle state.
When the back-end device sends a message, the message may be cached in a storage area corresponding to a memory address according to the next memory address recorded in the idle descriptor, where the memory address is indicated by a current index (current index)1 corresponding to the back-end device, and the length of the message is filled in the idle descriptor. The terminal may then mark the descriptor as occupied and move the current index 1 to the descriptor marked as occupied. Wherein the current index 1 indicates the tail address of the descriptor marked as busy on the descriptor ring.
Correspondingly, when the front-end device receives the message, it may first determine whether a next descriptor indicated by the current index 2 corresponding to the front-end device has been marked in an occupied state, and if the descriptor has been marked in the occupied state, may read the memory address of the message recorded in the descriptor, so that the front-end device reads the message from the storage area indicated by the memory address, and according to the length of the message recorded in the descriptor, caches the message in its own storage space that is not less than the length of the message, thereby completing the message reception. The front-end device may then mark the descriptor as idle and move the current index 2 to the descriptor marked as idle. Wherein the current index 2 indicates the first address of the descriptor marked as busy on the descriptor ring.
Further, after receiving the message, the front-end device may allocate a memory address of the message to the descriptor that is newly marked as an idle state, so that when the back-end device sends the message, the back-end device may cache the message in the memory address recorded by the descriptor, so that the subsequent front-end device can receive the message at the memory address. Wherein, the available index (available index) may be used to indicate the tail address of the descriptor having the packet storage address on the descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and in the counterclockwise direction of the descriptor ring as shown in fig. 1, the descriptor between the available index and the current index 1 is an idle descriptor having the packet storage address, and the descriptor between the available index and the current index 2 is an idle descriptor having no packet storage address.
In practical applications, as shown in fig. 2, the vruter may serve as a deployment base, and a large number of VNF network elements may be carried thereon (in fig. 2, three VNFs, i.e., VNF1, VNF2, and VNF3, are taken as examples for illustration). The vruter and each VNF may be connected through a virtual network interface card (vNIC) virtually provided by the vruter.
In general, a Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) method may be used between the vruter and the VNF to detect whether the VNF connected to the vruter has a failure. Specifically, the front-end device VNF and the back-end device vRouter may send BFD control packets to each other periodically, and when none of the two messages receives a BFD control packet sent by the other, the session state between the vRouter and the VNF is considered to be Down, and the vRouter may consider that the VNF fails, so that the session state between the vRouter and the VNF changes.
However, the inventor has found through research that, when the number of VNF network elements carried by the vruter is too large, the number of BFD control packets sent by the vruter to the VNF is also too large, so that in the process that the vruter sequentially sends BFD control packets, there is a portion of BFD control packets corresponding to the VNF that are not sent in a fixed period because the vruter waits for the other VNF to send BFD control packets corresponding to the VNF, that is, a failure detection period between the VNF and the vruter is increased because the BFD control packets are sent with a delay, so that a failure detection interval of the VNF is increased, and particularly when a VNF network element fails, the vruter cannot timely detect the failed VNF network element.
Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides an anomaly detection method for a VNF, which aims to determine whether an anomaly occurs in the VNF through a timestamp of an available index on a descriptor ring. Specifically, a timestamp of an available index of the virtual network interface card may be obtained, where the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor having a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp of the available index may represent a time when the available index is updated last time; then, a time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time may be calculated, so that whether an exception exists in the VNF corresponding to the virtual network interface card may be determined according to the time difference. It can be understood that, in a general case, after receiving a packet, a VNF (virtual network interface card front-end device) allocates a new available packet storage address to a descriptor that is newly marked in an idle state, so that an available index is updated frequently, and if a time difference between a timestamp of the available index and a current time is large, it indicates that the available index is not updated for a long time, that is, it indicates that the front-end device does not allocate an available packet storage address to a descriptor ring for a long time, which is likely to cause that the available index is not updated for a long time because the front-end device does not receive the packet for a long time, and thus it can be considered that the VNF is abnormal. In addition, in practical application, the update interval of the available index is usually much smaller than the period of sending the BFD control packet by the back-end device, so that when the VNF is determined to be abnormal according to the duration of the available index that is not updated continuously, the required detection duration is smaller than the period of sending the BFD control packet by the back-end device, and the VNF with the abnormality can be detected in time.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application may be applied to any applicable scenario, and are not limited to the scenario of communication between a VNF and a vruter described above.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, various non-limiting embodiments accompanying the present application examples are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function according to an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to the backend device, that is, the backend device detects whether the virtual network function is abnormal, or to a device which is set independently. In this embodiment, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is exemplarily described by implementing the method by backend equipment, but is not limited thereto. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s301: the back-end equipment acquires a timestamp of an available index of the virtual network interface card, wherein the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor with a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp represents the latest updating completion time of the available index.
In this embodiment, the virtual network interface card has a corresponding descriptor ring, and is shared by the front-end device and the back-end device of the virtual network interface card. The front-end equipment and the back-end equipment can finish the sending and receiving of the message through the descriptor ring. As shown in fig. 1, according to the counterclockwise direction of the descriptor ring, the descriptor ring respectively includes a descriptor having a packet storage address and being marked as an occupied state between the current index 2 and the current index 1, a descriptor having a packet storage address but being marked as an idle state between the current index 1 and the available index, and a descriptor having no packet storage address and being marked as an idle state between the available index and the current index 1.
In general, when a back-end device sends a packet to a front-end device, the back-end device usually fills the length of the packet to be sent in a next idle descriptor indicated by a current index 1, stores the packet in a corresponding memory address according to a packet storage address recorded in the idle descriptor, marks the idle descriptor in an occupied state, and moves the current index 1 to the descriptor marked in the occupied state, that is, moves the current index 1 counterclockwise by the position of one descriptor. When the front-end equipment receives the message, the descriptor which is marked as the occupied state next indicated by the front-end equipment is determined according to the current index 2 corresponding to the front-end equipment, the message to be received is read from the storage area corresponding to the message storage address recorded in the descriptor, and the message is stored in the storage area corresponding to the front-end equipment according to the message length recorded in the descriptor. The head-end device may then mark the descriptor as idle from the occupied state and move the current index 2 to the descriptor that is newly marked as idle, i.e. move the current index 2 counterclockwise by the position of one descriptor.
Meanwhile, after the front-end device completes the reception of the message, it may reallocate the message storage address that can be used for the back-end device to cache the message when sending the message for the next descriptor (counterclockwise direction) indicated by the available index on the descriptor ring, and at the same time, the front-end device may move the available index to the descriptor of the allocated message storage address, that is, the location where the available index is moved by one descriptor in the counterclockwise direction.
Therefore, the update condition of the available index in a period of time can indirectly reflect the receiving condition of the front-end equipment for the message in the period of time. Correspondingly, if the available index is not updated for a long time, it is likely that the front-end device does not receive the message for a long time because the front-end device has an abnormality.
Based on this, in the present embodiment, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in the virtual network function (front-end device) by monitoring the available update time. Specifically, the backend device may first obtain a timestamp of the available index of the virtual network interface card, where the timestamp represents a time when the available index is updated last time. In practical applications, if the available index does not originally carry a timestamp, a timestamp indicating the update time may be added to the available index each time the available index is updated. Then, based on the time stamp, by performing the steps of steps S302 and S303, it is possible to determine whether there is an abnormality in the virtual network function using the time stamp.
S302: the back-end device calculates the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time.
In this embodiment, determining whether the available index is not updated for a long time may specifically be performed by calculating a time difference between a time represented by the timestamp and a current time, where the larger the value of the time difference is, the longer the time represented by the timestamp is from the last update of the available index, that is, the longer the time during which the available index is not updated, and the smaller the value of the time difference is, the shorter the time represented by the timestamp is from the last update of the available index is, that is, the shorter the time during which the available index is not updated, so that based on the size of the time difference, whether the virtual network function corresponding to the available index is abnormal may be further determined.
S303: and the back-end equipment determines whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not according to the time difference.
In general, if the time difference is large, it indicates that the time during which the available index is not updated is longer, so that it can be characterized that the time during which the virtual network function continues to receive no packet is longer. For this reason, in this embodiment, a threshold value for the decision may be set, and whether the virtual network function is abnormal or not may be determined by comparing the time difference with the threshold value.
In an exemplary embodiment, the time difference may be determined to be greater than a first preset threshold, and when the time difference is greater than the first preset threshold, it is determined that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal.
In some application scenarios of actual application, the virtual network function at the front end may not be updated for a long time due to a slow data processing rate, and therefore, the back-end device may perform secondary verification on the virtual network function to further provide the detection accuracy. In another exemplary embodiment, after calculating the time difference, the back-end device may compare the time difference with a first preset threshold, and when the time difference is greater than the first preset threshold, the back-end device may continue to monitor a duration that the available index is not updated, for example, when the back-end device may start timing at this time, the duration that the available index is not updated is the sum of the current timing duration and the time difference. Then, the backend device may compare whether the duration is greater than a second preset threshold in real time, and when the duration is greater than the second preset threshold, the backend device may determine that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal, and when the duration is not greater than the second preset threshold, the backend device may temporarily determine that the virtual network function is not abnormal, of course, when the time difference is not greater than the first preset threshold, since the available index is updated within the time period defined by the first preset threshold, the virtual network function may be considered as being abnormal. Wherein the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold.
Further, in this embodiment, the first preset threshold may be obtained by the backend through real-time calculation according to the size of the descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card and the current message sending rate of the virtual network interface card. Specifically, the backend device may obtain the current message sending rate of the virtual network interface card in real time during the process of setting the first preset threshold, and then may calculate the message sending duration by using the size of the descriptor ring and the current message sending rate. Wherein the messaging rate corresponds to a descriptor update rate in a descriptor ring. The calculated message sending duration can represent the total duration required by each descriptor in the descriptor ring to complete one update under the condition that the back-end equipment sends the message at the current message sending rate, and in the period, if the virtual network function does not fail, the virtual network function receives the message at least once and completes one update of the available index. Therefore, the back-end device may use the message sending duration as a first preset threshold, so as to determine whether the virtual network function is abnormal based on a magnitude relationship between the first preset threshold and the time difference.
In this embodiment, when it is determined that the virtual network function is abnormal, the back-end device may report a detection result of the abnormal virtual network function, so that a relevant technician performs corresponding maintenance on the virtual network function based on the report result. Meanwhile, the backend device may switch the service (flow) of the virtual network function to other virtual network functions, for example, the backend device may switch the service of the abnormal virtual network function to other virtual network functions according to a load balancing principle, or may simply switch the service of the abnormal virtual network function to other virtual network functions having the same service processing capability.
When the backend device determines that there is no abnormality in the virtual network function, the backend device may calculate the number of idle descriptors between the available index and a current index corresponding to the virtual network interface card, where the idle descriptors are descriptors with packet storage addresses, and the current index indicates a tail address of a descriptor marked as an occupied state on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card (that is, the current index is a current index corresponding to the backend device, such as current index 1 in fig. 1). When the number of the idle descriptors is greater than a preset number (e.g., 1, 2, etc.), the backend device may send a message to the virtual network function, specifically, the message may be cached in a storage area corresponding to a message storage address recorded by a next idle descriptor indicated by the current index, and the length of the message is filled in the descriptor, and meanwhile, the descriptor may be marked as an occupied state from the idle state, and correspondingly, the current index may be moved to a descriptor position marked as the occupied state.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the method is exemplarily described as being implemented by the backend device, and in other possible implementations, the method may be implemented by a separately established device, or the backend device and the separately established device cooperate to implement the above-described scheme.
In the present embodiment, it is intended to determine whether an abnormality occurs in the virtual network function by the time stamp of the available index on the descriptor ring. Specifically, a timestamp of an available index of the virtual network interface card may be obtained, where the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor having a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp of the available index may represent a time when the available index is updated last time; then, the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time can be calculated, so that whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not can be determined according to the time difference. It can be understood that, in a general case, after receiving a packet, the virtual network function allocates a new available packet storage address to the descriptor that is newly marked as an idle state, so that the available index is updated frequently, and if a time difference between a timestamp of the available index and a current time is large, it indicates that the available index is not updated for a long time, that is, it indicates that the front-end device does not allocate an available packet storage address to the descriptor ring for a long time, which is likely to be because the front-end device does not receive a packet for a long time, so that the available index is not updated for a long time, and it can be considered that the virtual network function is abnormal. In addition, in practical application, the update interval of the available index is usually much smaller than the period of sending the BFD control message by the back-end device, so that when the virtual network function is determined to be abnormal according to the duration of the available index which is not updated continuously, the required detection duration is smaller than the period of sending the BFD control message by the back-end device, and the abnormal virtual network function can be detected in time.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides an abnormality detection device for the virtual network function. Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows an apparatus for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function in an embodiment of the present application, where the apparatus 400 includes:
a first obtaining module 401, configured to obtain a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card, where the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor having a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp represents a time when the available index is updated last time;
a first calculating module 402, configured to calculate a time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time;
a determining module 403, configured to determine whether a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal according to the time difference.
In some possible embodiments, the determining module 403 is specifically configured to determine that there is an abnormality in a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card when the time difference is greater than a first preset threshold.
In some possible embodiments, the determining module 403 includes:
the detection unit is used for monitoring the duration time of the available index which is not updated when the time difference is greater than a first preset threshold value;
the first determining unit is used for determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal when the duration is greater than a second preset threshold;
a second determining unit, configured to determine that there is no exception in a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card when the duration is not greater than the second preset threshold;
wherein the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold.
In some possible embodiments, the first preset threshold is determined according to a descriptor ring size of the virtual network interface card and a current packet sending rate of the virtual network interface card.
In some possible embodiments, the apparatus 400 further comprises:
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the current message sending rate of the virtual network interface card;
and the second calculation module is used for calculating the message sending time length by using the size of the descriptor ring and the current message sending rate, and taking the message sending time length as the first preset threshold value.
In some possible embodiments, the apparatus 400 further comprises:
and the reporting module is used for reporting the virtual network function abnormity when the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is determined to be abnormal.
In some possible embodiments, the apparatus 400 further comprises:
a third calculating module, configured to calculate, when it is determined that there is no exception in a virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card, a number of idle descriptors between the available index and a current index corresponding to the virtual network interface card, where the current index indicates a tail address of a descriptor marked as an occupied state on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card;
and the sending module is used for sending a message to the virtual network function when the number of the idle descriptors is larger than the preset number.
It should be noted that, for the information interaction, execution process, and other contents between the modules/units of the apparatus, since the same concept is based on the method embodiment in the embodiment of the present application, the technical effect brought by the information interaction, execution process, and other contents is the same as the method embodiment in the embodiment of the present application, and specific contents may refer to the description in the foregoing method embodiment in the embodiment of the present application, and are not described herein again.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides equipment. Wherein the device may be applied to the backend device mentioned in the above method embodiments.
The apparatus may include a processor coupled with a memory;
the memory is for storing a computer program or instructions;
the processor is configured to execute the computer program or the instructions, so that the method for detecting an anomaly of a virtual network function performed by the backend device in the above method embodiment is implemented.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a device, which may be applied to a backend device in the embodiment of the present application. The device comprises at least one processor 111, at least one memory 112 and at least one network interface 113. The processor 111 and the memory 112 are connected to the network interface 113, for example, through a bus, and in this embodiment of the present application, the connection may include various interfaces, transmission lines, or buses, which is not limited in this embodiment. The network interface 113 is used to enable the device to connect to other communication devices via a communication link.
The processor 111 shown in fig. 5 may specifically complete the actions processed by the backend device in the method, the memory 112 may complete the actions stored in the method, and the network interface 113 may complete the actions interacted with other devices in the method, which is described below by taking the device shown in fig. 5 as the backend device as an example:
the processor 111 may obtain a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card, the available index indicating a tail address of a descriptor having a packet storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, the timestamp characterizing a time when the available index was last updated; calculating the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time; and determining whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not according to the time difference. The memory 112 may store the time stamp, the time difference, and the like.
In some possible embodiments, the processor 111 may specifically determine that there is an exception in the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card when the time difference is greater than a first preset threshold.
In some possible embodiments, the processor 111 may specifically be configured to monitor a duration of time during which no update of the available index occurs when the time difference is greater than a first preset threshold; when the duration is greater than a second preset threshold, determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal; when the duration is not greater than the second preset threshold, determining that no abnormality exists in the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card; wherein the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold. The memory 112 may store the calculated duration.
In some possible embodiments, the first preset threshold is determined according to a descriptor ring size of the virtual network interface card and a current packet sending rate of the virtual network interface card. The memory may store the descriptor ring size and the messaging rate
In some possible embodiments, the processor 111 may further obtain a current packet sending rate of the virtual network interface card; and calculating the message sending time length by using the size of the descriptor ring and the current message sending rate, and taking the message sending time length as the first preset threshold value. The memory 112 may store the obtained current messaging rate and the calculated messaging duration.
In some possible embodiments, the processor 111 may further report the virtual network function exception when it is determined that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal.
In some possible embodiments, the processor 111 may further calculate, when it is determined that there is no exception in the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card, the number of idle descriptors between the available index and a current index corresponding to the virtual network interface card, where the current index indicates a tail address of a descriptor marked as an occupied state on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card; and when the number of the idle descriptors is larger than the preset number, sending a message to the virtual network function.
The processor in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the processor 111, may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: various computing devices that run software, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Microcontroller (MCU), or an artificial intelligence processor, may each include one or more cores for executing software instructions to perform operations or processing. The processor may be a single semiconductor chip or integrated with other circuits to form a semiconductor chip, for example, an SoC (system on chip) with other circuits (such as a codec circuit, a hardware acceleration circuit, or various buses and interface circuits), or may be integrated in the ASIC as a built-in processor of the ASIC, which may be packaged separately or together with other circuits. The processor may further include necessary hardware accelerators such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), PLDs (programmable logic devices), or logic circuits implementing dedicated logic operations, in addition to cores for executing software instructions to perform operations or processes.
The memory in the embodiment of the present application may include at least one of the following types: read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static memory devices that may store static information and instructions, Random Access Memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic memory devices that may store information and instructions, and Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). In some scenarios, the memory may also be, but is not limited to, a compact disk-read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (including compact disk, laser disk, optical disk, digital versatile disk, blu-ray disk, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
The memory 112 may be separate and coupled to the processor 111. Alternatively, the memory 112 may be integrated with the processor 111, for example, within one chip. The memory 112 can store program codes for executing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and the processor 111 controls the execution of the program codes, and various executed computer program codes can also be regarded as drivers of the processor 111. For example, the processor 111 is configured to execute the computer program code stored in the memory 112, so as to implement the technical solution in the embodiment of the present application.
In the above embodiments, the instructions stored by the memory for execution by the processor may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product may be written in the memory in advance or may be downloaded in the form of software and installed in the memory.
The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. The procedures or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are all or partially generated when the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, e.g., the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. A computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device including one or more available media integrated servers, data centers, and the like. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium. The methods described in the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media may include computer storage media and communication media, and may include any medium that can communicate a computer program from one place to another. A storage medium may be any target medium that can be accessed by a computer.
As an alternative design, a computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that is targeted for carriage or stores desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that is accessible by a computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes Compact Disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
It should be noted that "of, corresponding to" and "corresponding" may be sometimes used in combination in the present application, and it should be noted that the intended meaning is consistent when the difference is not emphasized.
It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
In the present application, "at least one" means one or more. "plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or multiple. In addition, in order to facilitate clear description of technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," etc. do not denote any order or quantity, nor do the terms "first," "second," etc. denote any order or importance.
As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the above embodiment methods can be implemented by software plus a general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM)/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a router) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, it is relatively simple to describe, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiment for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting an abnormality of a virtual network function, the method comprising:
acquiring a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card, wherein the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor with a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp represents the latest updating time of the available index;
calculating the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time;
and determining whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not according to the time difference.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal according to the time difference comprises:
and when the time difference is larger than a first preset threshold value, determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal according to the time difference comprises:
when the time difference is larger than a first preset threshold value, monitoring the duration of the available index which is not updated;
when the duration is greater than a second preset threshold, determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal;
when the duration is not greater than the second preset threshold, determining that no abnormality exists in the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card;
wherein the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold.
4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first predetermined threshold is determined according to the descriptor ring size of the virtual network interface card and the current messaging rate of the virtual network interface card.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
acquiring the current message sending rate of the virtual network interface card;
and calculating the message sending time length by using the size of the descriptor ring and the current message sending rate, and taking the message sending time length as the first preset threshold value.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and reporting the virtual network function abnormity when the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is determined to be abnormal.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when determining that the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is not abnormal, calculating the number of idle descriptors between the available index and a current index corresponding to the virtual network interface card, wherein the current index indicates a tail address of a descriptor marked as an occupied state on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card;
and when the number of the idle descriptors is larger than the preset number, sending a message to the virtual network function.
8. An apparatus for detecting an abnormality of a virtual network function, the apparatus comprising:
a first obtaining module, configured to obtain a timestamp of an available index of a virtual network interface card, where the available index indicates a tail address of a descriptor having a message storage address on a descriptor ring of the virtual network interface card, and the timestamp represents a time when the available index is updated last time;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the time difference between the time represented by the timestamp and the current time;
and the determining module is used for determining whether the virtual network function corresponding to the virtual network interface card is abnormal or not according to the time difference.
9. An apparatus comprising a processor and a memory, the processor coupled with the memory;
the memory is for storing a computer program or instructions;
the processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions such that the method according to any of claims 1 to 7 is performed.
10. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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