CN112768947A - Single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of Ka frequency band - Google Patents
Single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of Ka frequency band Download PDFInfo
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- CN112768947A CN112768947A CN202011621523.XA CN202011621523A CN112768947A CN 112768947 A CN112768947 A CN 112768947A CN 202011621523 A CN202011621523 A CN 202011621523A CN 112768947 A CN112768947 A CN 112768947A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of a Ka frequency band, which is characterized by comprising three layers of structures which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a double-layer dielectric substrate is arranged between the three layers of structures, and the working bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are widened through the two layers of dielectric substrates; the first layer structure comprises a parasitic patch and a decoupling frame, the radiating patch is arranged in the middle above the upper-layer dielectric substrate and used for expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna, and the decoupling frame is arranged on the periphery above the upper-layer dielectric substrate and used for preventing mutual interference among all antenna units when the unit antennas form an array; the second layer structure comprises a radiation patch, the radiation patch is arranged between an upper layer dielectric substrate and a lower layer dielectric substrate, a feed probe is connected to the radiation patch, and the feed probe is used for conducting electromagnetic waves to the radiation patch; the third layer structure comprises a floor, wherein the floor is arranged at the lower layer of the lower layer dielectric substrate and is used for reflecting electromagnetic waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antenna, in particular to a single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of a Ka frequency band.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, spectrum resources are becoming increasingly strained nowadays, especially below the X-band. In addition, the requirements of the modern society on information transmission rate, transmission stability and the like become higher and higher, which results in that the application of the wireless communication system to the millimeter wave frequency band becomes wider and wider, especially to the Ka frequency band. The requirements of the millimeter wave band for the antenna are more stringent than for the lower frequency band. Therefore, in order to effectively improve the performance of the millimeter wave band wireless communication system, a large number of researchers have started to research the antenna of Ka band. Different communication scenarios have different requirements on the working performance, quality and even shape of the antenna. Although the antenna of the linear polarization operation mode is still used by most wireless communication systems at present, the circularly polarized antenna has the advantages of multipath reflection resistance and the like, so that the circularly polarized antenna replaces the linearly polarized antenna in the scenes of military communication, satellite navigation, satellite communication and the like. The circular polarization technology must be applied to more wireless communication application scenes in the future, which makes the circular polarization antenna a current research hotspot.
The method for realizing circular polarization is to generate linear polarization components which are equal in amplitude, 90-degree in phase difference and orthogonal in space, and can be applied to a single feed method, a multi-element method, a traveling wave method and the like to realize circular polarization. Currently, common circular polarization antennas include a horn antenna, a helical antenna, a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, and the like. Compared with a horn antenna, a spiral antenna and a vibrator antenna, the patch antenna has the advantages of low section, easiness in processing, low cost and the like. But for patch antennas the bandwidth is narrow, typically less than 5% relative bandwidth, around 3%.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the bandwidth of the existing circularly polarized antenna is narrow, the invention provides a single-feed-point circularly polarized antenna of a Ka frequency band.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a single-feed-point circular polarization antenna with a Ka frequency band is characterized by comprising three layers of structures which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a double-layer dielectric substrate is arranged between the three layers of structures and comprises an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate; broadening the working bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna through two layers of dielectric substrates;
the first layer structure comprises a parasitic patch and a decoupling frame, the radiating patch is arranged in the middle above the upper-layer dielectric substrate and used for expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna, and the decoupling frame is arranged on the periphery above the upper-layer dielectric substrate and used for preventing mutual interference among all antenna units when the unit antennas form an array;
the second layer structure comprises a radiation patch, the radiation patch is arranged between an upper layer dielectric substrate and a lower layer dielectric substrate, a feed probe is connected to the radiation patch, and the feed probe is used for conducting electromagnetic waves to the radiation patch;
the third layer structure comprises a floor, wherein the floor is arranged at the lower layer of the lower layer dielectric substrate and is used for reflecting electromagnetic waves.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
the decoupling frame in the first layer structure and the floor in the third layer structure are connected through a plurality of metalized through holes, the metalized through holes penetrate through the upper layer dielectric substrate and the lower layer dielectric substrate, and the metalized through holes are used for further preventing mutual interference among the antenna units when the unit antennas form an array.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
the radiation patch further comprises a rectangular patch and two rectangular perturbation elements, wherein the two rectangular perturbation elements are respectively positioned on two opposite angles of the rectangular patch, and the circular polarization is realized by adjusting the size of the rectangular perturbation elements.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
one side of the rectangular patch is connected with a feed network, and one end of the feed network is connected with a feed probe.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
the rectangular patches in the parasitic patch and the radiating patch are in an up-and-down opposite relation.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
the floor is provided with a circular through hole, the circle center of the circular through hole is positioned on the axis of the feed probe, the diameter of the circular through hole is larger than that of the cross section of the feed probe, and the feed probe penetrates through the lower-layer dielectric substrate.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
the parasitic patch, the radiation patch, the feed probe, the decoupling frame and the floor are all made of metal materials.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate is between 0.6mm and 0.8mm, and the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate is between 0.3mm and 0.5 mm.
The metalized through holes are distributed along the edge position of the upper-layer dielectric substrate, the distance between every two adjacent metalized through holes is 0.4-0.8 mm, and the perimeter of the cross section of each metalized through hole is 0.4-0.6 mm.
The cross-sectional radius of the feed probe is between 0.06mm and 0.14 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention realizes the broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna by using the single feed point, and solves the problem of narrower bandwidth of the traditional patch circularly polarized antenna by widening the working bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna through the two layers of dielectric substrates.
2. The structure of the radiation patch is designed into a rectangular patch and two rectangular perturbation elements, and the circular polarization of the antenna is realized by adjusting the size of the rectangular perturbation elements.
3. The coupling between the units is reduced by embedding the metallized through holes around the antenna and arranging the decoupling frame around the parasitic patch layer.
4. The structure of the invention realizes the miniaturization and the light weight of the microstrip antenna.
Drawings
A further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention may be obtained from the following claims of the invention and the following description of the preferred embodiments when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Individual features of the different embodiments shown in the figures may be combined in any desired manner in this case without going beyond the scope of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a disassembled view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right hand circularly polarized pattern of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates return loss of an embodiment of an antenna;
FIG. 5 is an antenna axial ratio of an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a dimension calibration chart of the decoupling bezel and parasitic patch of the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a dimension calibration chart of the lower dielectric substrate and the radiating patch of the embodiment;
fig. 8 is a dimensional calibration drawing of the floor of the embodiment.
Description of reference numerals: parasitic patch 1, radiation patch 2, upper dielectric substrate 3, lower dielectric substrate 4, decoupling frame 5, metalized via hole 6, feed probe 7, floor 8, rectangular perturbation element 9 and rectangular patch 10.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a single-feed-point circular polarization antenna in a Ka frequency band includes three layers of structures arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and a double-layer dielectric substrate is further disposed between the three layers of structures as shown in fig. 2, where the double-layer dielectric substrate includes an upper dielectric substrate 3 and a lower dielectric substrate 4; broadening the working bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna through two layers of dielectric substrates;
the first layer structure comprises a parasitic patch 1 and a decoupling frame 5, wherein the radiating patch 2 is arranged in the middle above the upper-layer dielectric substrate 3 and used for expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna, and the decoupling frame 5 is arranged on the periphery above the upper-layer dielectric substrate 3 and used for preventing mutual interference among antenna units when the unit antennas form an array; as shown in fig. 6, the decoupling frame 5 is a rectangular ring with a side length of 5.75mm, the frame is 0.50mm thick, and the parasitic patch 1 is a rectangle with a side length of 1.88 mm.
The second layer structure comprises a radiation patch 2, the radiation patch 2 is arranged between an upper layer dielectric substrate 3 and a lower layer dielectric substrate 4, a feed probe 7 is connected to the radiation patch 2, and the feed probe 7 is used for conducting electromagnetic waves to the radiation patch 2; as shown in fig. 7, the side length of the lower dielectric substrate 4 is 6 mm.
The third layer structure comprises a floor 8, wherein the floor 8 is arranged at the lower layer of the lower layer dielectric substrate 4 and is used for reflecting electromagnetic waves;
the decoupling frame 5 in the first layer structure and the floor 8 in the third layer structure are connected through a plurality of metalized through holes 6, the metalized through holes 6 penetrate through the upper dielectric substrate 3 and the lower dielectric substrate 4, and the metalized through holes 6 are used for further preventing mutual interference among the antenna units when the unit antennas form an array.
The radiation patch 2 further comprises a rectangular patch 10 and two rectangular perturbation elements 9, wherein the two rectangular perturbation elements 9 are respectively positioned on two opposite angles of the rectangular patch 10, and the circular polarization is realized by adjusting the size of the rectangular perturbation elements 9; as shown in FIG. 7, the rectangular patch 10 has a side of 1.82mm and the rectangular perturbation element 9 has a side of 0.7 mm.
One side of the rectangular patch 10 is connected with a feed network, and one end of the feed network is connected with the feed probe 7.
The rectangular patches 10 in the parasitic patch 1 and the radiation patch 2 are in an up-down opposite relationship.
A circular through hole is formed in the floor 8, the circle center of the circular through hole is located on the axis of the feed probe 7, the diameter of the circular through hole is larger than that of the cross section of the feed probe 7, and the feed probe 7 penetrates through the lower-layer dielectric substrate 4; as shown in FIG. 8, the floor panel 8 has a side length of 6mm and a circular through-hole having a radius of 0.47 mm.
The parasitic patch 1, the radiation patch 2, the feed probe 7, the decoupling frame 5 and the floor 8 are all made of metal materials.
The thickness of the upper dielectric substrate 3 is 0.635mm, and the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate 4 is 0.381 mm.
As shown in fig. 7, the metalized vias 6 are arranged along the edge of the upper dielectric substrate 3, the distance between adjacent metalized vias 6 is 0.525mm, and the radius of the cross section of each metalized via 6 is 0.15 mm.
The cross-sectional radius of the feed probe 7 is 0.1 mm.
As shown in fig. 3, the antenna pattern and right hand circularly polarized pattern are almost the same at 28.5GHz, where the total gain and right hand circularly polarized gain are 6.5dBi and 6.4dBi, respectively;
as shown in FIG. 4, the frequency below-10 dB is 26.8GHz-32.3GHz, and the working bandwidth reaches 18.6%;
as shown in fig. 5, the axial ratio bandwidth of the embodiment of the present invention reaches 8.7%.
The embodiment is combined to show that the broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna is realized by using a single feed point, and the problem that the bandwidth of the conventional patch circularly polarized antenna is narrow is solved by widening the working bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna through two layers of dielectric substrates; the structure of the radiation patch 2 is designed into a rectangular patch 10 and two rectangular perturbation elements 9, and the circular polarization of the antenna is realized by adjusting the size of the rectangular perturbation elements 9; the coupling between units is reduced by embedding the metallized through holes 6 around the antenna and arranging the decoupling frame 5 around the parasitic patch 1 layer; the structure of the invention realizes the miniaturization and the light weight of the microstrip antenna.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes that are changed from the content of the present specification and the drawings, or are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single-feed-point circular polarization antenna with a Ka frequency band is characterized by comprising three layers of structures which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a double-layer dielectric substrate is arranged between the three layers of structures and comprises an upper dielectric substrate (3) and a lower dielectric substrate (4);
the first layer structure comprises a parasitic patch (1) and a decoupling frame (5), the radiation patch (2) is arranged in the middle above the upper-layer dielectric substrate (3), and the decoupling frame (5) is arranged on the periphery above the upper-layer dielectric substrate (3);
the second layer structure comprises a radiation patch (2), the radiation patch (2) is arranged between an upper layer dielectric substrate (3) and a lower layer dielectric substrate (4), and a feed probe (7) is connected to the radiation patch (2);
the third layer structure comprises a floor (8), wherein the floor (8) is arranged on the lower layer of the lower layer medium substrate (4).
2. The Ka-band single-feed-point circularly polarized antenna is characterized in that a decoupling frame (5) in the first layer structure and a floor (8) in the third layer structure are connected through a plurality of metalized through holes (6), and the metalized through holes (6) penetrate through the upper dielectric substrate (3) and the lower dielectric substrate (4).
3. The single-feed circular polarization antenna in the Ka band as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radiating patch (2) further comprises a rectangular patch (10) and two rectangular perturbation elements (9), and the two rectangular perturbation elements (9) are respectively located on two opposite corners of the rectangular patch (10).
4. A single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of Ka band as claimed in claim 3, wherein one side of the rectangular patch (10) is connected with a feed network, and one end of the feed network is connected with a feed probe (7).
5. A single-feed-point circular polarized antenna of Ka band as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rectangular patches (10) of the parasitic patch (1) and the radiating patch (2) are in an up-down facing relationship.
6. The single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of the Ka frequency band according to claim 1, wherein a circular through hole is formed in the floor (8), the center of the circular through hole is located on the axis of the feed probe (7), the diameter of the circular through hole is larger than that of the cross section of the feed probe (7), and the feed probe (7) penetrates through the lower dielectric substrate (4).
7. The Ka-band single-feed-point circularly polarized antenna is characterized in that the parasitic patch (1), the radiation patch (2), the feed probe (7), the decoupling frame (5) and the floor (8) are all made of metal.
8. The Ka-band single-feed-point circularly polarized antenna is characterized in that the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate (3) is 0.6-0.8 mm, and the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate (4) is 0.3-0.5 mm.
9. The Ka-band single-feed-point circularly polarized antenna is characterized in that the metalized through holes (6) are arranged along the edge position of the upper dielectric substrate (3), the distance between every two adjacent metalized through holes (6) is 0.4-0.8 mm, and the circumference of the cross section of each metalized through hole (6) is 0.4-0.6 mm.
10. A single feed point circularly polarized antenna of Ka band according to claim 1 or 4 or 6, characterized in that the cross section radius of the feed probe (7) is between 0.06mm-0.14 mm.
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| CN202011621523.XA CN112768947A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of Ka frequency band |
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| CN202011621523.XA CN112768947A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Single-feed-point circular polarization antenna of Ka frequency band |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113871880A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-31 | 西安电子科技大学 | Coaxial feed microstrip antenna based on strip line |
| CN114284711A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 湖北三江航天险峰电子信息有限公司 | Circularly polarized antenna element |
| CN114336026A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | Millimeter wave antenna |
| CN114552221A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 南京邮电大学 | Circularly polarized cavity antenna capable of improving directivity |
| CN117578079A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-02-20 | 广州程星通信科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized phased array antenna with coupled and grounded isolation wall and communication equipment |
| CN118315802A (en) * | 2024-06-05 | 2024-07-09 | 广东云湃科技有限责任公司 | Double-layer conformal antenna with vertical radiation characteristic |
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| CN114552221B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-12-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Circular polarization cavity antenna capable of improving directivity |
| CN117578079A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-02-20 | 广州程星通信科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized phased array antenna with coupled and grounded isolation wall and communication equipment |
| CN117578079B (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-05-17 | 广州程星通信科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized phased array antenna with coupled and grounded isolation wall and communication equipment |
| CN118315802A (en) * | 2024-06-05 | 2024-07-09 | 广东云湃科技有限责任公司 | Double-layer conformal antenna with vertical radiation characteristic |
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Application publication date: 20210507 |