CN112442014A - Pdgfr激酶抑制剂及其用途 - Google Patents
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- CN112442014A CN112442014A CN202010816805.9A CN202010816805A CN112442014A CN 112442014 A CN112442014 A CN 112442014A CN 202010816805 A CN202010816805 A CN 202010816805A CN 112442014 A CN112442014 A CN 112442014A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种新型的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,其包括式(I)的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物、或前药。本发明还提供式(I)的化合物用于预防或治疗与PDGFR激酶活性相关的病症的用途和方法,特别是预防或治疗与PDGFRα和/或PDGFRβ激酶活性相关的病症的用途和方法。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及一种作为选择性PDGFR激酶抑制剂的化合物、以及使用这样的化合物抑制PDGFR激酶活性及治疗与抑制PDGFR激酶活性相关的疾病的方法和用途。
背景技术
血小板衍生生长因子(platelet derived growth factor,PDGF)是针对几乎所有间充质源(mesenchyme-derived)细胞的有效促细胞分裂原的家族。有四种PDGF亚型(isoform)——A、B、C和D,它们形成五种不同的通过二硫化物连接的二体蛋白——PDGF-AA、-BB、-AB、 -CC和-DD。这些生长因子通过两种结构相关的酪氨酸激酶受体——PDGF受体α(PDGFRα)和PDGF受体β(PDGFRβ)来发挥其细胞作用(Sandy,J.R.(1998)Br.J.Orthod.25:269-74;Betsholtz,C.等人(2001)BioEssays 23:494-507)。
PDGFRα与PDGFRβ结构相似,并能形成异源二聚体和同源二聚体。PDGF-BB和PDGF-DD是ββ同源二聚体的主要激活子。PDGF-AA 仅活化αα受体二聚体,而PDGF-AB、PDGF-BB和PDGF-CC活化αα和αβ受体二聚体。二聚体配体分子与两种受体蛋白同时结合,并且诱导受体二聚化、受体胞质结构域内的特定残基的自身磷酸化和细胞信号传导。
肺血管构形重建(structural remodeling)是慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压的病理形态学基础,主要表现为中膜平滑肌细胞增殖及迁移,而平滑肌细胞的增殖依赖于多种生长因子的作用,尤其是血小板衍生生长因子PDGF,生长因子的作用是通过与生长因子受体结合,激活受体内酪氨酸蛋白激酶(tyrosine protein kinase,TPK)使其磷酸化而调节细胞的增殖。Schermuly等人在2005年JCI上报道了伊马替尼作为PDGFR 抑制剂能够显著改善肺动脉高压的症状(Schermuly,R.T.,et al.2005. Reversal of experimental pulmonaryhypertension by PDGF inhibition.J. Clin.Invest.115:2811–2821.doi:10.1172/JCI24838.),作者还检测了正在进行肺移植的肺动脉高压患者的肺组织,发现在肺动脉高压患者中 PDGF表达量显著增加。作者认为PDGFR抑制剂可能是临床中治疗肺动脉高压的新治疗方法。
此外,慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病(Chronic eosinophilic leukemia, CEL)是高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征(hypereosinophilic syndrome,HES) 的一种,慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病是一种少见的、原因不明的嗜酸性粒细胞持续增高并伴有多脏器损害的血液系统疾病,2001年Schaller 等首次报道甲磺酸伊马替尼(商品名:格列卫,一种ABL、KIT及PDGFR 酪氨酸激酶小分子抑制剂)治疗1例HES患者,疗效显著,故提出HES 可能存在ABL、KIT、PDGFR或其他不明靶基因的固有激活(Schaller, J.L.,&Burkland,G.A.(2001).Case report:rapid and complete control of idiopathic hypereosinophilia with imatinibmesylate.MedGenMed.,3(5), 9)。2003年,Cools等分别在HES患者及体外培养的EOL-1细胞(慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞系)中检测到FIP1L1-PDGFRα融合基因,不仅确定了格列卫治疗HES的分子靶,为HES的诊断及治疗提供了有力的分子标志,而且从分子水平揭示HES是一种造血系统恶性克隆性疾病的本质(Cools J.,DeAngelo D.J.,Gotlib J.,A tyrosinekinase created by fusion of the PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutictarget of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilicsyndrome.N.Engl.J.Med.2003, 348(13):1201-14)。Cools等的研究证明,转录活化因子5(STAT5) 是FIP1L1-PDGFRα融合基因作用的下游靶标,STAT5的激活有助于嗜酸粒细胞增殖。
目前报道的针对PDGFRα和PDGFRβ二者的选择性抑制剂的例子包括CP-673451(CAS号343787-29-1;分子量:417.5)和伊马替尼(CAS 号152459-95-5;分子量:493.60),但选择性均不够好,它们除了对 PDGFRα、β有抑制作用外还对cKIT、BCR-ABL等有抑制作用。因此,有必要提供一种选择性的PDGFR抑制剂,以便为精准靶向治疗提供研究基础。
本发明的发明人经过实验,发现了一种选择性PDGFR抑制剂,该抑制剂在小鼠EOL-1细胞肿瘤移植模型中能够明显抑制肿瘤的生长,在大鼠的肺动脉高压模型上也能够显著改善大鼠的生存状况,降低肺动脉高压的情况。
发明内容
本发明提供一种选择性PDGFR激酶抑制剂,包括式(I)的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药:
其中,
A环为吡啶环;
Z选自N和CH;
R1选自杂环烷基、杂环烷基氧基、杂环烷基C1-6烷氧基、杂环烷胺基、杂螺环烷基、杂螺环烷胺基、C3-6环烷基C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基氧基,其中所述杂环烷基为4至8元含氧和/或氮原子的杂环烷基,且所述杂环烷基任选地被C1-6烷基取代;
R2选自卤素和C1-6卤代烷基;
R3选自C1-6烷基和卤素。
优选地,上文所述的“杂环烷基”为4至6元含氧和/或氮原子的杂环烷基,例如吡咯烷基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、四氢吡喃基、四氢呋喃基、氧杂环丁烷基、氮杂环丁烷基等,且这些杂环烷基中的氮原子可任选地被C1-6烷基取代。另一方面,上文所述的“杂螺环烷基”可选自包括氧和/或氮杂原子的6-10元螺环烷基。
在另外优选的实施方式中,R3选自甲基、氟和氯。
在一个方面,本发明提供一种选择性PDGFR激酶抑制剂,包括式 (Ia)的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药:
其中,
R1选自杂环烷基、杂环烷基氧基、杂环烷基C1-6烷氧基、杂环烷胺基、杂螺环烷基、杂螺环烷胺基、C3-6环烷基C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基氧基,其中所述杂环烷基为4至6元含氧和/或氮原子的杂环烷基,且所述杂环烷基中的氮原子任选地被C1-6烷基取代;且
X和Y中一个为CH,另一个为N。
在该实施方式中,“杂环烷基”和“杂螺环烷基”可如上文所述。
在本发明优选的实施方式中,R1选自C1-6烷基哌嗪基(例如N-甲基哌嗪基,例如4-甲基-哌嗪-1-基)、吗啉基(例如N-吗啉基)、四氢吡喃基C1-6烷氧基(例如四氢吡喃-4-基甲氧基)、氧杂环丁烷基氧基(例如氧杂环丁烷-3-基氧基)、吗啉代C1-6烷氧基(例如2-吗啉代乙氧基)、四氢呋喃基C1-6烷氧基(例如四氢呋喃-2-基甲氧基)、C3-6环烷基C1-6烷氧基(例如环戊基甲氧基)、和氧杂氮杂螺庚基(例如 2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基)。
优选地,R1取代基在吡啶环上N原子的对位或间位的碳上取代,更优选在在吡啶环上N原子的间位的碳上取代。
在另一方面,本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包括以上化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药,和药学可接受的载体或赋形剂,以及任选的其它治疗剂。
在又一方面,本发明还提供该化合物或药物组合物抑制酪氨酸激酶(野生型或各种突变或其组合)活性的方法和用途,及其治疗、预防或改善由酪氨酸激酶(野生型或各种突变或其组合)活性调节的或者受其影响的或者其中涉及酪氨酸激酶(野生型或各种突变或其组合) 活性的疾病、障碍或病症的方法和用途,其中酪氨酸激酶可以为 PDGFR。
本发明还涉及相对于靶标cKIT、BCR-ABL、FLT3、VEGFR2中的一种或多种,对PDGFR选择性地表现出更强的抑制作用的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,以及本发明的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂用于选择性抑制PDGFR的用途和方法。
附图说明
图1a示出在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1的小鼠肿瘤模型中,使用化合物1、伊马替尼和溶媒的不同处理组中的小鼠平均体重随时间的变化;
图1b示出在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1的小鼠肿瘤模型中,使用化合物1、伊马替尼和溶媒的不同处理组中的肿瘤的平均大小随时间的变化;
图1c示出在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1的小鼠肿瘤模型中,使用化合物1、伊马替尼和溶媒的不同处理组中的小鼠在用药后第14天的平均肿瘤重量和计算出的抑瘤率。
图2a示出在大鼠肺动脉高压模型中,使用化合物1、伊马替尼、波生坦和溶媒的不同处理组中的小鼠存活率随时间的变化;
图2b示出在大鼠肺动脉高压模型中,使用化合物1、伊马替尼、波生坦和溶媒的不同处理组中的大鼠右心室收缩压。
具体实施方式
术语
除非另外定义,所有本文使用的科技术语都具有与要求保护的主题所属领域的技术人员一般理解相同的含义。
除非另有说明,本发明采用本领域技术范围内的质谱、NMR、 HPLC、蛋白质化学、生物化学、重组DNA技术和药理学等常规方法。除非提供具体的定义,否则与本文描述的分析化学、合成有机化学、以及医学和药物化学等化学上相关的命名和实验室操作和技术,是本领域技术人员已知的。一般而言,前述技术和步骤可以通过本领域众所周知的和在各种一般文献和更具体文献中描述的常规方法来实施,这些文献在本说明书中被引用和讨论。
术语“烷基”是指脂肪族烃基团,可以是支链或直链的烷基。根据结构,烷基可以是单价基团或双价基团(即亚烷基)。在本发明中,烷基优选是具有1-8个碳原子的烷基,更优选具有1-6个碳原子的“低级烷基”,甚至更优选具有1-4个碳原子的烷基。典型的烷基包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基等。应理解,本文提到的“烷基”包括可能存在的所有构型和构象的该烷基,例如本文提到的“丙基”包括正丙基和异丙基,“丁基”包括正丁基、异丁基和叔丁基,“戊基”包括正戊基、异丙基、新戊基、叔戊基、和戊-3-基等。
术语“烷氧基”是指-O-烷基,其中烷基如本文中定义。典型的烷氧基包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧基等。
术语“环烷基”是指单环或多环基,其仅含有碳和氢。环烷基包括具有3-12个环原子的基团。根据结构,环烷基可以是单价基团或双价基团(例如亚环烷基)。在本发明中,环烷基优选是具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基,更优选具有3-6个碳原子的“低级环烷基”。环烷基的例子包括但不限于,环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、环戊烯基、环己烯基、环庚烯基和金刚烷基。
本文使用的术语“杂环烷基”或“杂环基”是指非芳香基环中一个或多个构成环的原子是选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子。杂环烷基环可以是由三、四、五、六、七、八、九或多于九个原子构成的单环或多环。杂环烷基环可以是任选取代的。杂环烷基的实例包括但不限于内酰胺、内酯、环亚胺、环硫代亚胺、环氨基甲酸酯、四氢噻喃、4H-吡喃、四氢吡喃、哌啶、氧杂环丁烷、1,3-二噁英、1,3-二噁烷、1,4-二噁英、1,4- 二噁烷、哌嗪、1,3-氧硫杂环己烷、1,4-氧硫杂环己二烯、1,4-氧硫杂环己烷、四氢-1,4-噻嗪、2H-1,2-噁嗪、马来酰亚胺、琥珀酰亚胺、巴比妥酸、硫代巴比妥酸、二氧代哌嗪、乙内酰脲、二氢尿嘧啶、吗啉、三噁烷、六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、四氢噻吩、四氢呋喃、吡咯啉、吡咯烷、咪唑烷、吡咯烷酮、吡唑啉、吡唑烷、咪唑啉、咪唑烷、1,3-二氧杂环戊烯、1,3-二氧杂环戊烷、1,3-二硫杂环戊烯、1,3-二硫杂环戊烷、异噁唑啉、异噁唑烷、噁唑啉、噁唑烷、噁唑烷酮、噻唑啉、噻唑烷和1,3- 氧硫杂环戊烷。根据结构,杂环烷基可以是单价基团或双价基团(即亚杂环烷基)。
本文使用的术语“螺环烷基”是指两个单环共用一个碳原子的6-10 元多环脂肪族烃基团。术语“杂螺环烷基”是指螺环烷基中的一个或多个构成环的原子是选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子。
术语“任选”指后面描述的一个或多个事件可以发生或可以不发生,并且包括发生的事件和不发生的事件两者。术语“任选取代的”或“取代的”是指所提及的基团可以被一个或多个额外的基团取代,所述额外的基团各自并且独立地选自烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、羟基、烷氧基、氰基、卤素、酰胺基、硝基、卤代烷基、氨基、甲磺酰基、烷基羰基、烷氧基羰基、杂芳基烷基、杂环烷基烷基、氨酰基、氨基保护基等。其中,氨基保护基优选选自新戊酰基、叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基、苄基、对甲氧苄基、烯丙氧羰基、和三氟乙酰基等。
本文使用的术语“酪氨酸蛋白激酶(tyrosine protein kinase,TPK)”或“酪氨酸激酶”是一类催化ATP上γ-磷酸转移到蛋白酪氨酸残基上的激酶,能催化多种底物蛋白质酪氨酸残基磷酸化,在细胞生长、增殖、分化中具有重要作用。
本文使用的术语激酶的“抑制”、“抑制的”或“抑制剂”,是指磷酸转移酶活性被抑制。
本文公开的化合物的“代谢物”是当该化合物被代谢时形成的化合物的衍生物。术语“活性代谢物”是指当该化合物被代谢时形成的化合物的生物活性衍生物。本文使用的术语“被代谢”,是指特定物质被生物体改变的过程总和(包括但不限于水解反应和由酶催化的反应,例如氧化反应)。因此,酶可以产生特定的结构转变为化合物。例如,细胞色素P450催化各种氧化和还原反应,同时二磷酸葡萄糖甘酸基转移酶催化活化的葡萄糖醛酸分子至芳香醇、脂肪族醇、羧酸、胺和游离的巯基的转化。新陈代谢的进一步的信息可以从《ThePharmacological Basis of Therapeutics》,第九版,McGraw-Hill(1996) 获得。本文公开的化合物的代谢物可以通过将化合物给予宿主并分析来自该宿主的组织样品、或通过将化合物与肝细胞在体外孵育并且分析所得化合物来鉴别。这两种方法都是本领域已知的。在一些实施方式中,化合物的代谢物是通过氧化过程形成并与相应的含羟基化合物对应。在一些实施方式中,化合物被代谢为药物活性代谢物。本文使用的术语“调节”,是指直接或间接与靶标相互作用,以改变靶标的活性,仅仅举例来说,包括增强靶标的活性、抑制靶标的活性、限制靶标的活性或者延长靶标的活性。
本文使用的术语“靶蛋白”是指能被选择性结合化合物所结合的蛋白质分子或部分蛋白质。在某些实施方式中,靶蛋白是酪氨酸激酶 PDGFR(包括其野生型或各种突变或其组合)。
本文使用的GI50是指使50%细胞生长被抑制所需的药物浓度,即药物使50%细胞(如癌细胞)的生长得到抑制或控制时的药物浓度。
本文使用的IC50是指在测量效应的分析中获得最大效应的50%抑制的特定测试化合物的量、浓度或剂量。
本发明新型的激酶抑制剂
本发明提供一种选择性的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,包括式(I)的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药:
其中,
A环为吡啶环;
Z选自N和CH;
R1选自杂环烷基、杂环烷基氧基、杂环烷基C1-6烷氧基、杂环烷胺基、杂螺环烷基、杂螺环烷胺基、C3-6环烷基C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基氧基,其中所述杂环烷基为4至8元含氧和/或氮原子的杂环烷基,且所述杂环烷基中的氮原子任选地被C1-6烷基取代;
R2选自卤素和C1-6卤代烷基;
R3选自C1-6烷基和卤素。
另外优选地,R3选自甲基、氟和氯。
在一个实施方式中,本发明提供一种选择性的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,包括式(Ia)的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药:
R1选自杂环烷基、杂环烷基氧基、杂环烷基C1-6烷氧基、杂环烷胺基、杂螺环烷基、杂螺环烷胺基、C3-6环烷基C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基氧基,其中所述杂环烷基任选地被C1-6烷基取代;
X和Y中一个为CH,另一个为N。
在优选的实施方式中,上文所述的“杂环烷基”优选为4至6元含氧和/或氮原子的杂环烷基,例如吡咯烷基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、四氢吡喃基、四氢呋喃基、氧杂环丁烷基、氮杂环丁烷基等,且这些杂环烷基中的氮原子可任选地被C1-6烷基取代。上文所述的“杂螺环烷基”优选为包括氧和/或氮杂原子的6-10元螺环烷基。
在优选的实施方式中,R1选自C1-6烷基哌嗪基(例如N-甲基哌嗪基,例如4-甲基-哌嗪-1-基)、吗啉基(例如N-吗啉基)、四氢吡喃基C1-6烷氧基(例如四氢吡喃-4-基甲氧基)、氧杂环丁烷基氧基(例如氧杂环丁烷-3-基氧基)、吗啉代C1-6烷氧基(例如2-吗啉代乙氧基)、四氢呋喃基C1-6烷氧基(例如四氢呋喃-2-基甲氧基)、C3-6环烷基C1-6烷氧基(例如环戊基甲氧基)、和氧杂氮杂螺庚基(例如2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基)。
在另外优选的实施方式中,R1取代基在吡啶环上N原子的对位或间位的碳上取代,更优选在吡啶环上N原子的间位的碳上取代。
在优选的实施方式中,本发明的PDGFR激酶抑制剂选自以下化合物或其药学可接受的盐:
对于各个变量,上述基团的任意组合也在本文考虑之中。可以理解的是:本文所提供的化合物上的取代基和取代模式可以由本领域技术人员进行选择,以便提供化学上稳定的且可以使用本领域已知的技术以及本文阐述的技术合成的化合物。
本文描述的是新型的激酶抑制剂。本文也描述了此化合物的药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、药物活性代谢物和前药。
在另外的或进一步的实施方式中,将本文描述的化合物给予有需要的生物体后在其体内代谢产生代谢物,所产生的代谢物然后用于产生期望的效果,包括期望的治疗效果。
本文描述的化合物可以被制成和/或被用作药学可接受的盐。药学可接受的盐的类型包括但不限于:(1)酸加成盐,其通过将化合物的游离碱形式与药学可接受的无机酸反应形成,所述无机酸如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、偏磷酸等;或将化合物的游离碱形式与有机酸反应形成,所述有机酸如乙酸、丙酸、己酸、环戊烷丙酸、羟基乙酸、丙酮酸、乳酸、丙二酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸、马来酸、酒石酸、反丁烯二酸、三氟乙酸、苯甲酸、3-(4-羟基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸、1,2-乙二磺酸、2-羟基乙磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸、4-甲基双环-[2.2.2]辛-2-烯-1-甲酸、2-萘磺酸、叔丁基乙酸、葡庚糖酸、4,4'-亚甲基双-(3-羟基-2-烯-1-甲酸)、3-苯基丙酸、三甲基乙酸、十二烷基硫酸、葡糖酸、谷氨酸、水杨酸、羟基萘酸、硬脂酸、粘康酸等;(2)碱加成盐,其在母体化合物中的酸性质子被金属离子置换时形成,例如碱金属离子(例如锂、钠、钾)、碱土金属离子(例如镁或钙)或铝离子;或与有机碱配位。可接受的有机碱包括乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、三甲胺、N-甲基葡萄糖胺,等等。可接受的无机碱包括氢氧化铝、氢氧化钙、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠等。
药学可接受的盐的相应的平衡离子可以使用各种方法分析和鉴定,所述方法包括但不限于离子交换色谱、离子色谱、毛细管电泳、电感耦合等离子体、原子吸收光谱、质谱或它们的任何组合。
使用以下技术的至少一种回收所述盐:过滤、用非溶剂沉淀接着过滤、溶剂蒸发,或水溶液的情况下使用冻干法。
筛选和表征药学可接受的盐、多晶型和/或溶剂化物可以使用多种技术完成,所述技术包括但不限于热分析、X射线衍射、光谱、显微镜方法、元素分析。使用的各种光谱技术包括但不限于Raman、FTIR、 UVIS和NMR(液体和固体状态)。各种显微镜技术包括但不限于IR 显微镜检术和拉曼(Raman)显微镜检术。
本发明的药物组合物
本申请还提供药物组合物,其包含至少一种式(I)的化合物或所述化合物的药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、药物活性代谢物或前药,以及药学可接受的载体或赋形剂,以及任选的其它治疗剂。
在治疗过程中,可以根据情况单独或与一种或多种其它的治疗剂组合使用。可以通过注射、口服、吸入、直肠和经皮施用中的至少一种将包含本发明化合物的药物施用给患者。其它的治疗剂可以选自以下药物:免疫抑制剂(例如他克莫司、环孢菌素、雷帕霉素、甲氨蝶呤、环磷酰胺、硫唑嘌呤、巯嘌呤、麦考酚酯或FTY720)、糖皮质激素类药(例如泼尼松、醋酸可的松、泼尼松龙、甲泼尼龙、地塞米松、倍他米松、曲安西龙、氟羟强的松龙、倍氯米松、醋酸氟氢可的松、醋酸脱氧皮质酮、醛固酮)、非甾体抗炎药(例如水杨酸盐、芳基烷酸、2-芳基丙酸、N-芳基邻氨基苯甲酸、昔康类、考昔类或硫酰替苯胺)、变态反应疫苗、抗组胺药、抗白三烯药、β-激动剂、茶碱、抗胆碱药或其它选择性激酶抑制剂(例如mTOR抑制剂、c-Met抑制剂) 或her2抗体-药物。另外,所提及的其它治疗剂还可以是雷帕霉素(Rapamycin)、克唑替尼(Crizotinib)、他莫昔芬、雷洛昔芬、阿那曲唑、依西美坦、来曲唑、赫赛汀TM(曲妥珠单抗)、格列卫TM(甲磺酸伊马替尼)、紫杉醇TM(紫杉醇)、环磷酰胺、洛伐他汀、美诺四环素(Minosine)、阿糖胞苷、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、甲氨蝶呤(MTX)、紫杉特尔TM(多西他赛)、诺雷德TM(戈舍瑞林)、长春新碱、长春碱、诺考达唑、替尼泊苷、依托泊苷、健择TM(吉西他滨)、埃博霉素(Epothilone)、诺唯本、喜树碱、柔红霉素(Daunonibicin)、更生霉素、米托蒽醌、安吖啶、多柔比星(亚德里亚霉素)、表柔比星或伊达比星。或者,其它治疗剂也可以是细胞因子例如G-CSF(粒细胞集落刺激因子)。或者,其它治疗剂也可以是,例如但不限于,CMF (环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤和5-氟尿嘧啶)、CAF(环磷酰胺、亚德里亚霉素和5-氟尿嘧啶)、AC(亚德里亚霉素和环磷酰胺)、FEC(5-氟尿嘧啶、表柔比星和环磷酰胺)、ACT或ATC(亚德里亚霉素、环磷酰胺和紫杉醇)或CMFP(环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤、5-氟尿嘧啶和泼尼松)。
在本发明的实施方式中,在根据本发明对患者进行治疗时,给定药物的量取决于诸多因素,如具体的给药方案、疾病或病症类型及其严重性、需要治疗的受治疗者或宿主的独特性(例如体重),但是,根据特定的周围情况,包括例如已采用的具体药物、给药途径、治疗的病症、以及治疗的受治疗者或宿主,施用剂量可由本领域已知的方法常规决定。通常,就成人治疗使用的剂量而言,施用剂量典型地在 0.02-5000mg/天,例如约1-1500mg/天的范围。该所需剂量可以方便地被表现为一剂、或同时给药的(或在短时间内)或在适当的间隔的分剂量,例如每天二、三、四剂或更多分剂。本领域技术人员可以理解的是,尽管给出了上述剂量范围,但具体的有效量可根据患者的情况并结合医师诊断而适当调节。
本发明的药物的用途
本发明的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药、或药物组合物能够选择性地抑制PDGFR酪氨酸激酶(野生型或各种突变或其组合)活性,特别是PDGFRα和PDGFRβ活性,更特别是PDGFRα活性。本发明的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药、或其药物组合物可用于治疗、预防或改善一种或多种由PDGFR(特别是PDGFRα和PDGFRβ)活性调节的或者受其影响的或者其中涉及PDGFR(特别是PDGFRα和PDGFRβ)活性的疾病、障碍或病症,例如选自下组的疾病:肺动脉高压、实体瘤 (包括良性或者恶性类型)、肉瘤、胃肠道间质瘤(Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors,GIST)、结直肠癌(colon cancer)、急性粒细胞白血病(Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia,AML)、慢性髓性白血病(Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia,CML)、瘤形成、甲状腺癌(thyroid carcinoma)、系统性肥大细胞病、嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合症、慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病、纤维变性、红斑狼疮、移植物抗宿主病、神经纤维瘤、肺高压、阿尔茨海默病、精原细胞瘤、无性细胞瘤、肥大细胞肿瘤、肺癌、支气管癌、睾丸上皮内瘤形成、黑色素瘤、乳腺癌、神经母细胞瘤、乳头状/滤泡型甲状腺癌、恶性淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、2型多发性内分泌瘤形成、嗜铬细胞瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状旁腺增生/腺瘤、结肠癌、结肠直肠腺瘤、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、成胶质细胞瘤、脑肿瘤、恶性神经胶质瘤、胰腺癌、恶性胸膜间皮瘤、成血管细胞瘤、血管瘤、肾癌、肝癌、肾上腺癌、膀胱癌、胃癌、直肠癌、阴道癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、多发性骨髓瘤、颈和头部肿瘤、以及其他增生性或增殖性疾病或类似疾病、或其组合。特别优选治疗肺动脉高压、慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病、或类似疾病、或其组合。
本发明的化合物或其药学可接受的盐、溶剂化物、酯、酸、代谢物或前药、或其药物组合物还可用于治疗、预防或改善选自下组的自身免疫性疾病:关节炎、风湿性关节炎、狼疮、类风湿性关节炎、炎性肠病、银屑病性关节炎、骨关节炎、斯蒂尔病(Still's disease)、青少年关节炎、糖尿病、重症肌无力症、桥本甲状腺炎(Hashimoto's thyroiditis)、奥德甲状腺炎(Ord's hyroiditis)、格雷夫斯病(Graves' disease)、类风湿性关节炎综合征(syndrome)、多发性硬化症、传染性神经元炎(Guillain-Barrésyndrome)、急性播散性脑脊髓炎、阿狄森病(Addison's disease)、视性眼阵孪-肌阵孪综合征、强直性脊椎炎、抗磷脂抗体综合征、再生障碍性贫血、自身免疫性肝炎、乳糜泻(coeliac disease)、古德帕斯彻综合征(Goodpasture's syndrome)、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、视神经炎、硬皮病、原发性胆汁性肝硬化、莱特尔综合征(Reiter's syndrome)、高安动脉炎(Takayasu'sarteritis)、颞动脉炎、温型自身免疫性溶血性贫血、韦格纳肉芽肿病(Wegener'sgranulomatosis)、银屑病、全身脱毛、贝赫切特病(Behcet's disease)、慢性疲劳、家族性自主神经功能异常、子宫内膜异位、间质性膀胱炎、神经肌强直、硬皮病、外阴痛或其组合。
化合物的制备
使用本领域技术人员已知的标准合成技术或使用本领域已知的方法与本文描述的方法组合,可以合成式本发明的化合物。另外,本文给出的溶剂、温度和其它反应条件可以根据本领域技术而改变。作为进一步的指导,也可以利用以下的合成方法。
所述反应可以按顺序使用,以提供本文描述的化合物;或它们可以用于合成片段,所述片段通过本文描述的方法和/或本领域已知的方法随后加入。
在某些实施方式中,本文提供的是本文描述的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂化合物的制备方法及其使用方法。在某些实施方式中,本文描述的化合物可以使用以下合成的方案合成。可以使用与下述类似的方法,通过使用适当的可选择的起始原料,合成化合物。
用于合成本文描述的化合物的起始原料可以被合成或可以从商业来源获得。本文描述的化合物和其它相关具有不同取代基的化合物可以使用本领域技术人员已知的技术和原料合成。制备本文公开的化合物的一般方法可以来自本领域已知的反应,并且该反应可以通过由本领域技术人员所认为适当的试剂和条件修改,以引入本文提供的分子中的各种部分。
如果需要,反应产物可以使用常规技术分离和纯化,包括但不限于过滤、蒸馏、结晶、色谱等方法。这些产物可以使用常规方法表征,包括物理常数和图谱数据。
实施例1
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺1的合成
步骤1.化合物4-溴-1-(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)-1H-吡唑a的合成:
将化合物4-溴吡唑(5g,1eq)、2-氟-1-甲基-4-硝基苯(5.5g,1.05eq)、碳酸钾(13.1,3eq)混合于DMF(50ml)中,于氮气氛围中120℃下搅拌过夜,后冷却浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(200ml),依次水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析得黄色产品a(5.2g)。
步骤2.化合物1-(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-1H-吡唑b的合成:
将化合物a(5g,1eq)、联硼酸频那醇酯(5.8g,1.3eq)、醋酸钾(3.5g,2eq)、[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯(0.72g,0.05eq) 混合于1,4-二氧六环(50mL)中,于氮气氛围中100℃下搅拌过夜,后浓缩,柱层析得黄色产品b(4.0g)。
步骤3.1-甲基-4-(5-(1-(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-基)吡啶-3- 基)哌嗪c的合成:
将化合物b(4.0g,1.1eq)、1-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)-4-甲基哌嗪(2.8g, 1eq)、碳酸钾(3.0g,2eq)、四三苯基膦钯(0.6g,0.05eq)混合于 1,4-二氧六环(40mL)和水(4mL)中,于氮气氛围中90℃下搅拌过夜,后浓缩,柱层析得黄色产品c(3.8g)。
步骤4.4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基) 苯胺d的合成:
将化合物c(2.8g,1eq)、钯碳(0.5g)混合于甲醇(30mL)中,于氢气氛围中,室温下搅拌2小时,后加入二氯甲烷(100mL)稀释,过滤,浓缩得浅绿色产品d(2.1g)。
步骤5.化合物N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H- 吡唑-1-基)苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺1的合成:
将化合物d(0.05g,1eq)、6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-甲酸(0.27g,1eq)、 2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐HATU(0.072g, 1.1eq)、二异丙基乙二胺(DIEPA)(0.22g,1eq)混合于N,N-二甲酰胺DMF(2mL)中,室温搅拌1小时,后加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释,依次水洗,饱和食盐水水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩,制备得产品1(0.07g)。Exact Mass(计算值):521.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+: 522.21。
实施例2
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺2的合成
化合物2的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):521.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.21。
实施例3
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(4-((四氢吡喃-4-基)甲氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺3的合成
化合物3的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):537.19;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:538.19。
实施例4
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(4-(2-吗啉代乙氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺4的合成
化合物4的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):552.20;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:553.20。
实施例5
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(4-(2-吗啉代乙氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺5的合成
化合物5的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):552.20;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:553.20。
实施例6
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(4-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基) 苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺6的合成
化合物6的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):495.15;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:496.15。
实施例7
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基) 苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺7的合成
化合物7的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):495.15;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:496.15。
实施例8
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(4-((四氢呋喃-2-基)甲氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺8的合成
化合物8的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):523.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:524.18。
实施例9
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(4-((四氢呋喃-2-基)甲氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺9的合成
化合物9的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):523.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:524.18。
实施例10
N-(3-(4-(4-(环戊基甲氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺10的合成
化合物10的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.20;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.20。
实施例11
N-(3-(4-(4-(环戊基甲氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺11的合成
化合物11的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.20;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.20。
实施例12
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-吗啉代吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)苯基)-2(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺12的合成
化合物12的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):508.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:509.18。
实施例13
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(4-((四氢吡喃-4-基)甲氧基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺13的合成
化合物13的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):537.19;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:538.19。
实施例14
6-氟-N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基) 苯基)吡啶酰胺14
化合物14的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):471.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:472.21。
实施例15
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)苯基)-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺15
化合物15的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.21。
实施例16
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)烟酰胺16
化合物16的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.21。
实施例17
6-氯-N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基) 苯基)吡啶酰胺17
化合物17的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):487.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:488.18。
实施例18
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺18的合成
步骤1:1-甲基-4-(5-(2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙炔基)吡啶-3-基)哌嗪a 的合成
将1-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)-4-甲基哌嗪(5g,1eq)、三甲基硅乙炔(5.7g, 3eq)Pd(PPh3)2Cl2(0.7g,0.05eq)、Et3N(5.9g,3eq)、CuI(0.18g, 0.05eq)和乙腈(50mL)混合,于氮气保护下100℃搅拌24小时,后冷却,固体过滤,滤液浓缩柱层析得棕色固体a(4.5g)。
步骤2:1-(5-乙炔基吡啶-3-基)-4-甲基哌嗪b的合成
将1-甲基-4-(5-(2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙炔基)吡啶-3-基)哌嗪a(4g, 1eq)、K2CO3(4g,2eq)和甲醇(20mL),于室温下搅拌0.5小时,后加入乙酸乙酯(20mL)稀释,依次用水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩得黑色油状物b(2.4g)。
步骤3:2-叠氮基-1-甲基-4-硝基苯c的合成
将2-甲基-5-硝基苯胺(5g,1eq)溶于HCl(6.0mol/L,4.8eq)中,于0℃下滴加NaNO2(2.3g,1eq)的水溶液,后滴加NaN3(2.6g,1.2eq) 的水溶液,并于室温下搅拌2小时,后加入水(200mL),固体过滤,滤饼水洗,固体烘干得黄色固体c(5.3g)。
步骤4:1-甲基-4-(5-(1-(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)吡啶-3-基)哌嗪d的合成
将1-(5-乙炔基吡啶-3-基)-4-甲基哌嗪b(2g,1eq)、2-叠氮基-1- 甲基-4-硝基苯c(1.8g,1eq)、抗坏血酸钠(0.4g,0.2eq)、CuSO4 (0.16g,0.1eq)和叔丁醇/水(1:1,30mL)于90℃搅拌过夜,冷却,浓缩柱层析得黄色固体d(3.1g)。
化合物18的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中后两步所述的步骤完成。Exact Mass(计算值):522.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:523.21。
实施例19
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺19
化合物19的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):522.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:523.21。
实施例20
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)烟酰胺20
化合物20的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):522.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:523.21。
实施例21
N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺21
化合物21的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):522.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:523.21。
实施例22
6-氯-N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)苯基)吡啶酰胺22
化合物22的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):488.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:489.18。
实施例23
6-氟-N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)苯基)吡啶酰胺23
化合物23的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):472.21;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:473.21。
实施例24
N-(4-氟-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺24
化合物24的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):526.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:527.18。
实施例25
N-(4-氟-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酸酰胺25
化合物25的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):526.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:527.18。
实施例26
N-(4-氟-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)烟酰胺26
化合物26的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):526.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:527.18。
实施例27
N-(4-氟-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基) 苯基)-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺27
化合物27的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):526.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:527.18。
实施例28
6-氯-N-(4-氟-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)苯基)吡啶酰胺28
化合物28的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):492.15;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:493.15。
实施例29
6-氟-N-(4-氟-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)苯基)吡啶酰胺29
化合物29的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):476.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:477.18。
实施例30
6-氯-N-(4-氯-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)苯基)吡啶酰胺30
化合物30的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):508.12;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:509.12。
实施例31
6-氟-N-(4-氯-3-(4-(5-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)苯基)吡啶酰胺31
化合物31的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):492.15;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:493.15。
实施例32
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺32
化合物32的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):520.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:521.18。
实施例33
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)-4-甲基苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺33
化合物33的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):520.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:521.18。
实施例34
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)-4-甲基苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)烟酰胺34
化合物34的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):520.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:521.18。
实施例35
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)-4-甲基苯基)-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺35
化合物35的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):520.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:521.18。
实施例36
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-氯吡啶酰胺36
化合物36的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):486.15;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:487.15。
实施例37
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-1- 基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-氟吡啶酰胺37
化合物37的合成通过使用类似于实施例1中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):470.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:471.18。
实施例38
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺38
化合物38的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.17;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.17。
实施例39
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)异烟酰胺39
化合物39的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.17;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.17。
实施例40
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)烟酰胺40
化合物40的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.17;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.17。
实施例41
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺41
化合物41的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):521.17;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:522.17。
实施例42
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-4-氯吡啶酰胺42
化合物42的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):487.15;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:488.15。
实施例43
N-(3-(4-(5-(2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基]吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑 -1-基)-4-甲基苯基)-4-氟吡啶酰胺43
化合物43的合成通过使用类似于实施例18中所述的步骤完成。 Exact Mass(计算值):471.18;MS(ESI)m/z(M+1)+:472.18。
实施例44:新型激酶抑制剂对癌细胞生长的影响
本实施例选用了小鼠原B细胞BaF3(购自ATCC,美国)。此外,本实施例还选用了小鼠BaF3-tel-PDGFRα(稳定表达PDGFRα激酶)、小鼠BaF3-tel-PDGFRβ(稳定表达PDGFRβ激酶)、BaF3-P210(稳定表达ABL激酶)、BaF3-P210-T315I(稳定表达ABL-T315I激酶)、 BaF3-FL-BRAF-V600E(稳定表达BRAF-V600E激酶)、BaF3-TEL-cKIT (稳定表达cKIT激酶)、BaF3-TEL-VEGFR2(稳定表达VEGFR2激酶)、BaF3-TEL-FGFR2(稳定表达FGFR2激酶)。上述细胞株均由本实验室构建,构建方法为:经PCR分别扩增人类BCR-ABL(P210 或者P210/T315I突变)、全长的BRAF-V600E、cKIT、VEGFR2、FGFR2、 PDGFRα、PDGFRβ激酶区序列,并分别插入到带有N端TEL片段和/ 或NPM片段和/或TPR片段的MSCV-Puro载体(购自Clontech),通过逆转录病毒方法,稳定转入小鼠BaF3细胞,并且撤除IL-3生长因子,最终得到依赖PDGFRα、PDGFRβ转入蛋白的细胞系。
在实施例中将不同浓度(0.000508μM、0.00152μM、0.00457μM、0.0137μM、0.0411μM、0.123μM、0.370μM、1.11μM、3.33μM、10μM) 的测试化合物加入到上述细胞中,并孵育72小时,通过Cell Tier-Glo 细胞活力检测试剂盒(购自美国Promega)对孵育后的细胞进行检测 (Cell Tier-Glo通过测量发光值计算细胞活力,发光值与ATP量成正比,而ATP又和活细胞数正相关,因此可通过检测ATP含量获得细胞活力),通过酶标仪对活细胞的数目进行定量,并计算各个化合物和对照化合物对各细胞系增殖的半数抑制浓度GI50(结果示于表1和表 2)。结果显示,所测试的化合物对PDGFRα和PDGFRβ均有很强的抑制作用,并且化合物1对其它激酶靶点如BRAF-V600E、ABL、 ABL-T315I、cKIT、VEGFR2、FGFR2均没有抑制作用或者抑制作用较弱。
表1.
表2
实施例45:化合物1在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1(表达PDGFRα)小鼠模型中的实验结果
1)从上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司购买4-6周龄的Bal b/c雌性小鼠,饲养于SPF级实验室中,饮水及垫料均经高压消毒无菌处理,有关小鼠的所有操作均在无菌条件下进行;
2)第0天分别在所有小鼠左侧背部皮下注入约1×107个人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1(表达PDGFRα)(购自ATCC);
3)第15天将小鼠随机分为四组,每组5只,并开始分别进行给药,给药14天。其中,对第一组小鼠腹腔施用甲基纤维素溶媒(购自生工);对第二组和第三组小鼠分别施用剂量为1mg/kg和5mg/kg鼠重的化合物1;对第四组小鼠施用25mg/kg伊马替尼(购自上海MCE);
4)第15天开始,每天用游标卡尺测量皮下肿瘤的长/宽,并每天记录小鼠体重,确定化合物1对小鼠体重的影响;
5)第29天,二氧化碳处死小鼠,取出皮下肿瘤,将肿瘤称重比较;
6)统计15-29天内皮下肿瘤生长趋势,肿瘤体积计算方法:长×宽×宽/2mm3。
结果示于图1a-1c中。其中,图1a示出在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1的小鼠肿瘤模型中,不同处理组中的小鼠平均体重(在图中显示为相对体重:以给药开始时的小鼠重量为基准计算的百分数) 随时间的变化;图1b示出在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1 的小鼠肿瘤模型中,不同处理组中的肿瘤的平均大小(在图中显示为肿瘤相对大小:以给药开始时小鼠荷载的肿瘤大小为基准计算的百分数)随时间的变化;图1c示出在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1 的小鼠肿瘤模型中,不同处理组中的小鼠在用药后第14天的平均肿瘤重量和计算出的抑瘤率。
图1b的实验结果显示,在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1 (表达PDGFRα)的小鼠肿瘤模型中,给药剂量为5mg/kg化合物1 的小组表现出非常好的抑制小鼠肿瘤的效果。图1c的实验结果显示,对于化合物1给药剂量为5mg/kg的小组,在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1(表达PDGFRα)小鼠模型中用药后第14天的抑瘤率高达96%(见图1c),其中抑瘤率(TGI)=(对照组肿瘤的重量-实验组肿瘤的重量)/对照组肿瘤的重量。这说明本发明的化合物1在人慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病细胞EOL-1(表达PDGFRα)动物模型中能够明显抑制肿瘤的生长。另外,图1a的结果还表明,化合物1不仅有效地抑制小鼠肿瘤的生长,并且对小鼠的体重基本没有影响,表明化合物1 可适用于动物给药。
实施例46:化合物1在大鼠肺动脉高压(PAH)模型中的实验结果
120只体重180±20g,雄性SD大鼠,由青龙山动物繁殖中心提供,许可证号SCXK(苏)2017-0001。常规颗粒饲料(江苏协同生物有限公司)饲喂,饲养于清洁级动物房。12h/12h光照/黑暗循环,自由摄食饮水,温度维持20-26℃,相对湿度40-70%。
将120只SD大鼠分为24笼,每笼5只大鼠,适应性生长7天无异常情况后,将110只大鼠用于肺动脉高压模型构建诱导,剩余10 只用于正常对照。整个实验期间严格依照动物伦理法处理动物。
根据医药实验动物模型制作与应用中描述的方法及模式动物中心 PAH模型构建标准操作规程给予大鼠腹腔注射1%野百合碱(MCT,购自sigma,美国)溶液1次,注射剂量按35mg/kg进行,并于首次注射MCT后7天再次按20mg/kg剂量注射MCT,正常对照组大鼠给予腹腔注射等量的空白溶剂水。具体步骤如下:
将每笼大鼠禁食8h后,称量禁食后每只大鼠基础体重,并记录;根据所测量的每只大鼠基础体重,按35mg/kg造模剂量换算每只大鼠需要注射的MCT量;根据换算的每只大鼠需要注射MCT量来换算需要注射1%MCT溶液剂量;将大鼠固定于固定器中,按照换算后溶液剂量,腹腔注射1%MCT溶液;注射完成后将大鼠放回鼠笼,常规饲养。
分别于MCT注射后第3和4周,取大鼠尾动脉血进行血气分析,缓慢抽取尾动脉血0.5mL,转移至抗凝采血管,置于血气分析仪测定血液中氧分压(pO2)、二氧化碳分压(pCO2)、血氧饱和度(SaO2) 指标,仪器操作按血气分析仪标准操作规程,根据测定结果将患有肺动脉高压的小鼠进行随机分组,每组10只大鼠,分为:阴性对照组(即溶媒组)、50mg/kg临床上治疗肺动脉高压的药物波生坦组(购自上海 MCE)、50mg/kg伊马替尼组、45mg/kg化合物1、30mg/kg化合物1、 15mg/kg化合物1。每只大鼠在第4周重新分组当天开始灌胃给药,每天1次,阴性对照组每天灌胃等体积的甲基纤维素溶媒,每组连续灌胃4周即28天。每日灌胃的同时观察各组每只大鼠的状态,是否出现呼吸困难、活动减少以及心跳加速等症状。每周两次进行过夜禁食体重测定,根据称重结果计算给药量。
大鼠肺动脉压及右心室收缩压测定:实验结束后(即灌胃给药28 天后),对大鼠称重,用10%水合氯醛(购自生工)腹腔注射麻醉(0.3 mL/100g),待大鼠进入麻醉状态后进行肺动脉压及右心室收缩压测定,测定方法参考机能实验系统标准操作规程,步骤如下:
取一根3.5号脐静脉导管,连接系统压力换能器,将配置好的肝素钠溶液(购自生工)充满换能器和导管中,并排出气泡;将麻醉后大鼠置于可调节温度的手术解剖板上,调节解剖板温度维持在37℃左右,仰卧位固定大鼠;剪开颈部皮肤至锁骨边缘,钝性分离皮下组织和肌肉,暴露出右侧颈外静脉,用眼科手术剪刀剔除表明脂肪组织,用手术线在远心端结扎颈外静脉,近心端打松节备用;用眼科镊轻轻提起颈外静脉,眼科剪剪一个“V”型开口,迅速插入导管,并将近心端松结稍微扎紧,以防出血;保持导管前段的弯度向左侧,在约1-1.5cm时,避开大鼠腋静脉,继续插入至约2cm时,接近右心耳,此时需将导管轻轻顺时针旋转100-180℃,避开右心耳;约3cm处,导管末端进入右心房,继续插入,约4-4.5cm处达房室口,此时将导管逆时针轻轻旋转 90-180°,勾住房室口,进入右心室,此时能够见到振幅较大的右心室波;继续缓慢向前插入导管,约5cm左右可进入肺动脉。
测量要点:导管插入1~2cm即可达到上腔静脉,2~3cm到达右心房,4cm左右进入右心室,5cm左右可进入肺动脉,右心房压力接近于零,肺动脉压力最高。
肺动脉测定后,切开大鼠腹腔,小心分离腹主动脉,用肝素钠溶液浸润的5ml注射器指向腹主动脉近心端进针,缓慢抽取主动脉血 3ml,转移至抗凝采血管,置于血气分析仪测定血液中氧分压(pO2)、二氧化碳分压(pCO2)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)指标。
实验结束后处死大鼠将心脏取出,分离右心室(right ventricle,RV) 和左心室+室间隔(left ventricle and septum,LV+S),生理盐水漂洗后,滤纸吸干水分,分别称量RV和LV+S重量,以右心室指数(right ventricular index,RVI)作为右心肥厚的评价指标,公式如下: RVI=RV/(LV+S)。
结果示于图2a-2b中。其中,图2a示出在大鼠肺动脉高压模型中,不同处理组中的小鼠存活量(在图中显示为相对存活量:以实验开始时的小鼠数量为基准计算的百分数)随时间的变化;图2b示出在大鼠肺动脉高压模型中,不同处理组中的大鼠右心室收缩压。
各组别肺动脉平均压(mPAP)显著性差异分析可知,溶媒组与正常组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001);mPAP最低的伊马替尼组 (n=10,27.27+2.02)是正常组(n=10,18.33+0.23)的约1.5倍;两阳性药物组及45mg/kg化合物1组、30mg/kg化合物1组、15mg/kg 化合物1组与溶媒组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001)。45mg/kg化合物1高剂量组和30mg/kg化合物1中剂量组与波生坦和伊马替尼两组相比无显著性差异,与其他各组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001)。
各组别右心室收缩压(RVSP)显著性差异分析可知,溶媒组与正常组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001);RVSP最低的伊马替尼组 (n=10,40.84+1.49)是正常组(n=10,22.44+1.09)的约1.8倍;两阳性药物组及45mg/kg化合物1高剂量组和30mg/kg化合物1中剂量组与溶媒组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001)。45mg/kg化合物1高剂量组和30mg/kg化合物1中剂量组与伊马替尼和波生坦两组相比无显著性差异,与其他各组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001)。
动脉血氧分压(pO2)反映肺毛细血管的摄氧状况,是反映呼吸状况的指标,是机体是否缺氧最敏感指标,正常条件下为80~110mmHg, pO2低于80mmHg时即反映机体缺氧。动脉血二氧化碳分压是反映呼吸酸碱平衡障碍的重要指标,当肺功能异常出现通气不足,CO2排出过少等原因,会导致其分压升高,是为呼吸性酸中毒,正常条件下为35~ 45mmHg。血氧饱和度SaO2反映指标为血液中被氧结合血红蛋白HbO2 的容量占全部可结合的血红蛋白Hb容量百分比,是呼吸循环的重要生理参数,肺部功能出现病变时,会出现缺氧,导致血氧饱和度下降,正常条件下SaO2≥90%。
经给药干预后,各组动脉血氧分压、二氧化碳分压及血氧饱和度出现不同程度变化。氧分压数据分析显示,与溶媒组相比,阳性药物组及化合物1高剂量组有极显著性差异(p<0.001),化合物1中剂量组有极显著性差异(p<0.01);针对于每组大鼠对比显示,部分组别大鼠氧分压在正常对照组范围内,显示药物治疗对于氧分压维持与恢复起到一定作用。
各组别二氧化碳分压数据分析显示,与溶媒组相比,阳性药物组及化合物1高剂量组有极显著性差异(p<0.001),化合物1中剂量组有极显著性差异(p<0.01);针对于每组大鼠对比显示,部分组别大鼠二氧化碳分压在正常对照组范围内,显示药物治疗对于肺动脉高压大鼠肺通气恢复起到一定作用。
各组别血氧饱和度数据分析显示,与溶媒组相比,阳性药物组及化合物1高剂量组有显著性差异(p<0.05);针对于每组大鼠对比显示,部分组别大鼠血氧饱和度在正常对照组范围内。
RVI是指大鼠右心室肥厚指数测定,其测定结果说明:经给药干预后,各组右心室肥厚指数出现不同变化,其中波生坦组与阴性对照组相比RVI下降15.7%,伊马替尼组与阴性对照组相比RVI下降17.8%, 45mg/kg化合物1高剂量组与阴性对照组相比RVI下降29.6%,30mg/kg 化合物1中剂量组与阴性对照组相比RVI下降9.4%,15mg/kg化合物 1低剂量组与阴性对照组相比RVI下降5.5%。
各组别RVI显著性差异分析可知,溶媒组与正常组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001);RVI最低的伊马替尼组(n=10,0.403+0.016) 是正常组(n=10,0.279+0.16)的约1.4倍;两阳性药物组及45mg/kg 化合物1高剂量组与溶媒组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001)。45mg/kg 化合物1高剂量组与伊马替尼和波生坦两组相比无显著性差异,与其他各组相比均有极显著性差异(p<0.001)。
Claims (15)
3.如权利要求1所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,其中R3选自甲基、氟和氯。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,其中R1取代基在吡啶环上N原子的对位或间位的碳上取代。
6.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,其中所述杂环烷基选自吡咯烷基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、四氢吡喃基、四氢呋喃基、氧杂环丁烷基和氮杂环丁烷基,所述杂螺环烷基选自包括氧和/或氮杂原子的6-10元螺环烷基。
7.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,其中R1选自C1-6烷基哌嗪基、吗啉基、四氢吡喃基C1-6烷氧基、氧杂环丁烷基氧基、吗啉代C1-6烷氧基、四氢呋喃基C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基C1-6烷氧基、和氧杂氮杂螺庚基。
8.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂,其中R1选自N-甲基哌嗪-1-基、N-吗啉基、四氢吡喃-4-基甲氧基、氧杂环丁烷-3-基氧基、2-吗啉代乙氧基、四氢呋喃-2-基甲氧基、环戊基甲氧基、和2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基。
10.一种药物组合物,其包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂、和药学可接受的载体或赋形剂、以及任选的其它治疗剂。
11.如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂在制备用于抑制PDGFRα和/或PDGFRβ活性的药物中的用途。
12.如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的PDGFR激酶抑制剂在制备用于治疗、预防或改善由PDGFRα和/或PDGFRβ活性调节的或者受其影响的或者其中涉及PDGFRα和/或PDGFRβ活性的疾病、障碍或病症的药物中的用途。
13.如权利要求12所述的用途,其中所述疾病、障碍或病症选自以下增殖性疾病:肺动脉高压、实体瘤、肉瘤、胃肠道间质瘤、结直肠癌、急性粒细胞白血病、慢性髓性白血病、甲状腺癌、系统性肥大细胞病、嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合症、慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病、纤维变性、红斑狼疮、移植物抗宿主病、神经纤维瘤、肺高压、阿尔茨海默病、精原细胞瘤、无性细胞瘤、肥大细胞肿瘤、肺癌、支气管癌、睾丸上皮内瘤形成、黑色素瘤、乳腺癌、神经母细胞瘤、乳头状/滤泡型甲状腺癌、恶性淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、2型多发性内分泌瘤形成、嗜铬细胞瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状旁腺增生/腺瘤、结肠癌、结肠直肠腺瘤、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、成胶质细胞瘤、脑肿瘤、恶性神经胶质瘤、胰腺癌、恶性胸膜间皮瘤、成血管细胞瘤、血管瘤、肾癌、肝癌、肾上腺癌、膀胱癌、胃癌、直肠癌、阴道癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、多发性骨髓瘤、颈和头部肿瘤、瘤形成、或其组合。
14.如权利要求12所述的用途,其中所述疾病、障碍或病症选自以下自身免疫性疾病:关节炎、风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、狼疮、类风湿性关节炎、炎性肠病、银屑病性关节炎、斯蒂尔病、青少年关节炎、糖尿病、重症肌无力症、桥本甲状腺炎、奥德甲状腺炎、格雷夫斯病、类风湿性关节炎综合征、多发性硬化症、传染性神经元炎、急性播散性脑脊髓炎、阿狄森病、视性眼阵孪-肌阵孪综合征、强直性脊椎炎、抗磷脂抗体综合征、再生障碍性贫血、自身免疫性肝炎、乳糜泻、古德帕斯彻综合征、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、视神经炎、硬皮病、原发性胆汁性肝硬化、莱特尔综合征、高安动脉炎、颞动脉炎、温型自身免疫性溶血性贫血、韦格纳肉芽肿病、银屑病、全身脱毛、贝赫切特病、慢性疲劳、家族性自主神经功能异常、子宫内膜异位、间质性膀胱炎、神经肌强直、硬皮病、外阴痛、或其组合。
15.如权利要求12所述的用途,其中所述疾病、障碍或病症为肺动脉高压、慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病、或其组合。
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CN112442014B (zh) | 2021-10-08 |
US20220288064A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
AU2020338637A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
EP4023643A4 (en) | 2023-09-06 |
KR20220054848A (ko) | 2022-05-03 |
WO2021036814A1 (zh) | 2021-03-04 |
AU2020338637B2 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
JP2022546409A (ja) | 2022-11-04 |
JP7356580B2 (ja) | 2023-10-04 |
CA3147649A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
WO2021035788A1 (zh) | 2021-03-04 |
MX2022002000A (es) | 2022-04-25 |
EP4023643A1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
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