CN112222645A - Focusing adjusting device and method for online punching of thin rod object - Google Patents
Focusing adjusting device and method for online punching of thin rod object Download PDFInfo
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- CN112222645A CN112222645A CN202010856681.7A CN202010856681A CN112222645A CN 112222645 A CN112222645 A CN 112222645A CN 202010856681 A CN202010856681 A CN 202010856681A CN 112222645 A CN112222645 A CN 112222645A
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- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 17
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
- B23K26/046—Automatically focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/048—Automatically focusing the laser beam by controlling the distance between laser head and workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0626—Energy control of the laser beam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/0665—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by beam condensation on the workpiece, e.g. for focusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a focusing adjusting device for online perforating a thin rod object, which comprises: a laser light source for outputting laser light; the beam shaping device is arranged in the laser light path and is used for adjusting the laser beam into light with approximately uniformly distributed energy; the light path transmission device is arranged in the light path emitted by the laser light source and is used for transmitting the laser to the direction of the preset spatial position; and the light path focusing device is arranged in an output light path of the light path transmission device and is used for converging and irradiating the laser to the surface of the product. The problem of uneven energy distribution of common laser is changed through beam shaping, one-to-one correspondence between apertures and focal lengths and between hole depths and laser energy is established, and on the other hand, the energy threshold value to be punched is obtained through a large amount of experimental data, and subsequent production punching work is assisted through an accurate threshold value.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of laser beam forming, and particularly relates to a focusing adjusting device and method for online thin rod object punching.
Background art:
generally, a slender rod object made of a non-metallic material is punched, and in terms of punching efficiency and punching effect, a pulse type CO2 laser is adopted at present to focus a pulse type laser beam emitted by the laser to form holes on the surface of the slender rod object.
However, since the energy distribution in the output beam of the CO2 laser is gaussian distribution, as shown in fig. 2, that is, the energy density of the laser at the center of the beam is much greater than the energy density at the edge of the beam, and the focused spot formed by the laser focused by the lens also has similar distribution characteristics, during the precise perforation process, a hole is often formed at the center of the focused spot, the surface material of the thin rod at the edge of the spot is not completely penetrated, and a penetration-like non-penetration-like-semi-penetration state is formed, and because there is uncertainty of such a semi-penetration state, fluctuation and instability of hole parameter data are caused, although the influence can be reduced to some extent by adjusting the focal length of the focusing lens during the operation of the device, the larger the aperture is set, the lower the edge energy is lower than the energy threshold required for penetration, the semi-penetrating area will increase, otherwise, the semi-penetrating area will decrease, and on the one hand, the time required for maintaining and adjusting the equipment is increased, and the use efficiency of the equipment is reduced, and on the other hand, the situation cannot be fundamentally eliminated.
Additionally, increasing or decreasing the laser energy during operation of the device may cause the energy at the edge of the beam to be greater than or less than the threshold energy required to penetrate the surface material, decreasing the hole edge half-penetration when the energy is greater than the threshold, increasing the hole edge half-penetration when the energy is less than the threshold, and causing the aperture size to vary as the energy increases or decreases.
Therefore, in such a use state, the adjustment of the focal length adjustment device and the adjustment of the laser energy both cause the change of the hole diameter, that is, the diameter of the hole has a correlation with both the focal length adjustment device and the laser energy, and the multiple correlations increase the adjustment difficulty.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a focusing adjusting device for online fine rod object punching, thereby overcoming the technical defects in the prior laser punching technology related to precise punching.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a focusing adjustment system for on-line perforating of a slim rod object, comprising:
the focusing adjusting device is used for adjusting and converging the light beam shaped to be approximately and uniformly distributed in energy to the surface of a product to obtain a set light spot diameter;
the hole type detection device is used for measuring laser hole forming data of the surface of a product;
and the control system adjusts the laser energy emitted by the focusing adjusting device and the focal length or the spot diameter through the data obtained by the hole type detection device.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the hole type detection device mainly comprises a microscope or other image magnification detection devices, and is used for detecting parameters of the holes on the surface of the product.
A focusing adjustment method for online slender rod object punching is to obtain a laser energy threshold value required by forming a hole with a specified size on a preset product by using laser after beam shaping, and then to punch the hole on the product by using the laser after beam shaping which is greater than or equal to the energy threshold value.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the focal length of the focusing device to ensure that the laser beam after beam shaping is focused on the surface of the slim rod to obtain a hole-shaped light spot with a preset size;
s2, adjusting the laser energy, making the surface material of the thin rod just broken down by the laser after the shaping of the beam shaping device, and determining the laser energy value when the diameter of the preset hole is formed, wherein the value is the laser energy threshold value;
and S3, processing the surface of the thin rod by using the laser with the energy threshold value larger than the energy threshold value to form a product.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the S2 further includes confirming the S2.1 laser energy threshold by determining laser energy values of the following three states: a laser energy value that cannot penetrate the surface material of the slim rod, a laser energy value that has just penetrated the surface material of the slim rod, and a laser energy value at the time of forming a predetermined hole depth.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, S2 further includes S2.2 ventilation degree optimizing step: the laser energy is slowly increased on the basis of the threshold value, the numerical value of the hole depth is continuously measured, and when the numerical value of the hole depth reaches the preset requirement, the laser energy at the moment is determined to be the energy value required by production.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, step S2.2 specifically includes: when the laser energy is increased on the basis of the threshold value, the change of the ventilation degree and the laser energy is in direct proportion, and under the condition that the threshold value is less than or equal to the laser energy and is less than or equal to 1.50 times of the threshold value, the hole pattern size is almost not changed, but the hole depth is increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the change of the ventilation degree and the laser energy is in direct proportion according to the numerical value to be achieved by actually measuring the ventilation degree;
secondly, under the condition that the laser energy is more than 1.5 times of the threshold value, the size of the hole pattern is slightly increased along with the increase of the laser energy (due to the thermal edge effect of laser perforation), but the hole depth is obviously increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the ventilation degree is in direct proportion to the change of the laser energy and the change of the hole depth.
When the laser energy is changed between the threshold value and less than or equal to 1.5 times of the threshold value, the aperture size is not changed along with the energy and is almost kept constant, and the depth of the aperture is changed along with the energy;
when the energy continues to increase, the thermal effect of the laser enables the aperture to slightly increase along with the increase of the laser energy, and meanwhile, the depth also increases, so that after the technical scheme is implemented, the formed light beam converging device is responsible for controlling the diameter of the hole, the laser energy is responsible for the control advantage of the depth of the hole, and the size and the diameter of the hole are changed simultaneously no matter the focal length or the laser energy is changed in a conventional light path. At this time, the linear relationship between the hole depth and the laser energy can be maintained by observing through the hole pattern detection device and adjusting the focusing device so that the hole is maintained almost constant.
A focus adjustment apparatus for on-line slim rod object drilling, comprising:
a laser light source for outputting laser light;
the beam shaping device is arranged in the laser light path and is used for adjusting the laser beam into light with approximately uniformly distributed energy;
the light path transmission device is arranged in the light path emitted by the laser light source and is used for transmitting the laser to the direction of the preset spatial position;
and the light path focusing device is arranged in an output light path of the light path transmission device and is used for converging and irradiating the laser to the surface of the product.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the hole-type detecting device is further included, and is used for measuring laser hole-forming data of the product surface.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, a focal length adjusting device is arranged in the optical path focusing device, and is used for adjusting the diameter of a light spot formed by converging laser light on the surface of a product.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the beam shaping device is or adopts a multi-lens beam shaper, and the beam shaping device is placed in a laser light path for adjusting a laser beam into light with approximately uniformly distributed energy; or a single-chip beam shaper is arranged in front of a focusing lens in the light path focusing device, and the light beam is focused by a focusing mirror after being shaped.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the beam shaping device is disposed at a beam exit position of the laser.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the multi-plate beam shaper is a flat-top light shaper formed by sequentially mounting a plurality of lenses, and includes a flat-top light shaper formed by combining the DOE diffraction plate and at least one other lens, and a beam shaper having a flat-top shaping function and formed by a beam expander and a diaphragm.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the single-chip beam shaper is formed by a DOE optical diffraction lens, and is disposed in front of the focusing lens in the optical path focusing device, and focuses the shaped beam through the focusing lens; or the light beam is arranged behind a focusing lens in the light path focusing device, and the light beam focused by the focusing lens is reshaped.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the single-chip beam DOE shaper and the focusing mirror are processed in combination to form a lens with flat or plano-convex shape and laser beam shaping and focusing functions.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the lens having laser beam shaping and focusing functions with a plano-convex shape is a DOE focusing lens or an aspheric focusing lens.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the spot diameter of the output beam of the flat-top light shaper is 0.5-2.5 times of the incident spot diameter.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the spot diameter of the output beam of the flat-top light shaper is 0.8-1.5 times of the incident spot diameter.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the beam shaper is composed of a beam expander and a diaphragm, wherein the beam expanding multiple of the beam expander is 1.2-2.5 times, and the diameter of the inner hole of the diaphragm is 0.5-2.0 times of the diameter of the incident spot.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the diameter of the inner hole of the diaphragm is 0.8-1.5 times.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the focal length adjustment device is a manual focal length adjustment device or an electric focal length adjustment device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the problem of uneven energy distribution of common laser is solved through light speed shaping, and the one-to-one correspondence between focal length adjustment and hole diameter parameters in a certain range and the one-to-one correspondence between laser energy and hole depth are realized.
When the setting of the aperture is changed, as long as the energy is greater than the threshold value, the material surface can be penetrated to form the hole, almost no half penetration exists, the diameter of the hole is not changed by changing the energy, and only the depth of the hole is changed.
Therefore, in such a use state, the adjustment of the focal length adjustment device and the adjustment of the laser energy both cause the change of the hole diameter, that is, the diameter of the hole has a correlation with both the focal length adjustment device and the laser energy, and the multiple correlations increase the adjustment difficulty.
On the other hand, the energy threshold value to be punched is obtained through a large amount of experimental data, and the subsequent punching work in production is assisted through an accurate threshold value.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a conventional on-line slim rod boring optical path transmission;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hole simulation formed after the focus of a Gaussian distribution beam;
FIG. 3 is a system with the addition of a beam shaping device and a microscope device;
FIG. 4 is a hole pattern simulation diagram after the shaping + laser energy is greater than the threshold;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the power distribution of the front and back incident light and output light beams of a flat top light shaper;
FIG. 6 shows the distribution of incident and output light energy after beam expansion and smoothing;
FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are schematic diagrams of a combination of DOU shaping and focusing lenses;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an aspherical lens having shaping and focusing functions;
fig. 10 is a graph showing the degree of ventilation in proportion to the depth of the hole.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Through research, the parameters of the perforation on the surface of the slim rod object are found, wherein the perforation refers to the perforation of a hole with a certain depth formed by penetrating the surface material of the slim rod, and the perforation is not formed by forming a through hole on the whole diameter of the slim rod. Not only the size and area of the formed holes, but also the depth of the holes, is a 2-variable adjustment. The traditional optical path transmission scheme is that the size and the area of a hole are changed and the depth of the hole is also changed by simply adjusting the focusing focal length of a lens; or the size and the area of the hole are changed and the depth of the hole is also changed through the change of the laser energy, so that the requirement on the stability of the hole parameters of the thin rod object is difficult to meet only by using a single technical means of focusing adjustment and energy adjustment.
Even if the energy of the light beam pulse fluctuates slightly, the light spot is similar to uneven energy distribution, which inevitably causes fluctuation of the hole area and the depth, so that the diameter and the depth of the hole of the slender rod object change greatly.
The present solution proposes a device and a method that improve the above mentioned problems:
1. adding a beam shaping device in the light path to change the Gaussian distribution of the beam energy into light with approximately uniform energy distribution;
the used beam shaping device can adopt a laser beam (Gaussian) shaper produced and manufactured by Changbu Boxin photoelectron Limited company to shape Gaussian into so-called flat top light with uniformly distributed energy, or adopt a beam expander and a beam billowing mode to obtain a beam with similar uniformly distributed energy.
After improvement, when the energy of a light beam emitted by a laser is unchanged, the original situation that holes can be punched at the central parts and holes cannot be punched at the edge parts is represented because the central energy is reduced and the edge energy is increased but is not enough to realize the holes, and the situation that the holes cannot be punched is represented, so that the holes are realized under the condition that the energy density is greater than the punching threshold energy by subsequent adjustment of the laser energy, and the size area of the formed holes is related to the setting of the focal length;
the depth of the holes is related to the setting of the laser energy, and under the condition of a certain focal length, the formed holes are deepened from the point that the holes cannot be punched to the point that the holes are punched to form a one-to-one corresponding adjusting relationship along with the increase of the energy.
The above-mentioned regulation process is a new characteristic possessed by optical system after adding light beam shaping device (said shaping device is conventional functional device in optical device)
The method for determining the laser perforation energy threshold value comprises the following steps:
adjusting the focal length of the focusing device to focus the light beam on the surface of the thin rod object to obtain the set hole pattern size;
and adjusting the laser energy to enable the formed hole to be from the non-penetrating state to the just penetrating state, and forming the hole, wherein the laser energy is a threshold value related to the focal length of the lens and the size of the hole pattern.
The technical effect is formed after the energy of the beam shaping device is more than or equal to the threshold value: (the thin rod object was in a stationary state during the test)
Firstly, holes formed by light focusing are focused, under the condition that the laser energy is less than or equal to the threshold value and less than or equal to 1.5 times of the threshold value, the hole size is almost not changed, but the hole depth is increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the ventilation degree is in direct proportion to the change of the laser energy;
under the condition that (the laser energy is more than 1.5 times of the threshold), the size of the hole pattern is slightly increased along with the increase of the laser energy (the hole pattern can only change steeply because the edge effect exists in the reshaping device), but the hole depth is obviously increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the ventilation degree is in direct proportion to the change of the laser energy and the change of the hole depth;
at the moment, the diameter of a focused light spot can be reduced through focal length adjustment, the size of the hole pattern is kept constant, the hole depth is increased along with the increase of laser energy, and the ventilation degree is in direct proportion to the change of the laser energy;
2. a microscope device for increasing the size and/or depth of the observable pass;
3. the following operations are performed:
during manual operation:
observing the size change of the hole pattern on the surface of the thin rod through a microscope device, and carrying out corresponding manual/electric focusing focal length adjustment;
adjusting the pulse duration time of the laser to enable the output energy of the laser to be larger than or equal to the threshold corresponding to the hole pattern;
when in automatic operation:
firstly, detecting an electric signal of the hole pattern size on the surface of the thin rod according to a microscope device, comparing the electric signal with a set value, and carrying out corresponding focusing focal length adjustment until the size of an actual hole pattern is close to the set value;
secondly, according to the electric signal of the depth of the hole on the surface of the thin rod detected by the microscope device, comparing the electric signal with a set value, and adjusting the pulse duration time of the laser to enable the output energy of the laser to be larger than or equal to the threshold corresponding to the hole pattern;
4. according to the requirement of ventilation degree, comparing with a set value, and carrying out corresponding manual or automatic laser energy adjustment operation on the laser power;
the following are experimental procedures and data for optimal tuning: when the laser energy is increased on the basis of the threshold value, the change of the ventilation degree and the laser energy is in direct proportion, and under the condition that the threshold value is less than or equal to the laser energy and is less than or equal to 1.50 times of the threshold value, the hole pattern size is almost not changed, but the hole depth is increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the change of the ventilation degree and the laser energy is in direct proportion according to the numerical value to be achieved by actually measuring the ventilation degree;
secondly, under the condition that the laser energy is more than 1.5 times of the threshold value, the size of the hole pattern is slightly increased along with the increase of the laser energy (due to the thermal edge effect of laser perforation), but the hole depth is obviously increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the ventilation degree is in direct proportion to the change of the laser energy and the change of the hole depth.
(first, when the laser energy (the threshold value is less than or equal to the laser energy and less than or equal to 1.5 times of the threshold value) is changed, the aperture size is not changed along with the energy and is almost kept constant, and the depth of the aperture is changed along with the energy;
when the energy is increased, the thermal effect of the laser causes the aperture to be slightly increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the depth is increased at the same time)
Therefore, the formed light beam converging device is responsible for controlling the diameter of the hole, the laser energy is responsible for controlling the advantage of the depth of the hole, and the conventional light path changes the size and the diameter of the hole at the same time no matter the focal length or the laser energy is changed, at the moment, the hole can be observed by the hole type detection device, and the focusing device is adjusted, so that the hole is kept almost unchanged, and the linear relation between the hole depth and the laser energy is maintained.
The experimental data are tabulated below:
the CO2 pulse type 30w laser has a pulse period set to 2000 microseconds, and the laser energy is determined by setting the pulse duty ratio.
1. When the threshold value is less than or equal to the laser energy and less than or equal to 1.5 times of the threshold value, the pore size is almost kept constant without changing with the energy, and the depth of the pore changes with the energy;
2. (laser energy >1.5 times threshold), adjusting the focusing device so that the spot diameter is nearly constant and the hole depth varies with energy; the diameters of the corresponding holes are 0.15mm and 0.18mm respectively;
3. when the diameter of the hole is 0.15mm, the size of the ventilation degree is related to the change of the depth of the hole:
it can be seen that the ventilation level is related to the size of the holes and the depth of the holes, and when the size of the holes is almost constant, the ventilation level is proportional to the depth of the holes, which is shown in fig. 10.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (21)
1. The utility model provides a focus governing system of online slim stick object punching which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the focusing adjusting device is used for adjusting and converging the light beam shaped to be approximately and uniformly distributed in energy to the surface of a product to obtain a set light spot diameter;
the hole type detection device is used for measuring laser hole forming data of the surface of a product;
and the control system adjusts the laser energy emitted by the focusing adjusting device and the focal length or the spot diameter through the data obtained by the hole type detection device.
2. The system for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod object according to claim 1, wherein: the hole type detection device mainly comprises a microscope or other image amplification detection devices and is used for detecting parameters of holes on the surface of a product and forming specific data.
3. A focusing adjustment method for online perforating of a thin rod object is characterized by comprising the following steps: and obtaining a laser energy threshold value required for forming holes with specified sizes on a preset product by using the laser subjected to beam shaping, and then punching the product by using the laser subjected to beam shaping larger than or equal to the energy threshold value.
4. The method for adjusting the focusing of boring a thin rod object according to claim 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the focal length of the focusing device to ensure that the laser beam after beam shaping is focused on the surface of the slim rod to obtain a light spot with a preset size;
s2, adjusting the laser energy, making the surface material of the thin rod just broken down by the laser after the shaping of the beam shaping device, and determining the laser energy value when the diameter of the preset hole is formed, wherein the value is the laser energy threshold value;
and S3, processing the surface of the thin rod by using the laser with the energy threshold value larger than the energy threshold value to form a product.
5. The method for adjusting the focusing in the perforation of an in-line slim rod object according to claim 4, wherein: s2 also includes the confirmation of S2.1 laser energy threshold, determining the laser energy values of the following three states: a laser energy value that cannot penetrate the surface material of the slim rod, a laser energy value that has just penetrated the surface material of the slim rod, and a laser energy value at the time of forming a predetermined hole depth.
6. The method for adjusting the focusing in the perforation of an in-line slim rod object according to claim 4, wherein: s2 further includes S2.2 draft optimization step: the laser energy is slowly increased on the basis of the threshold value, the numerical value of the hole depth is continuously measured, and when the numerical value of the hole depth reaches the preset requirement, the laser energy at the moment is determined to be the energy value required by production.
7. The method for adjusting the focusing in the perforation of an in-line slim rod object according to claim 6, wherein: step S2.2 specifically includes: when the laser energy is increased on the basis of the threshold value, the laser energy is in direct proportion to the change of the numerical value of the hole depth, and under the condition that the threshold value is not more than the laser energy and is not more than 1.50 times of the threshold value, the hole size is almost not changed, but the numerical value of the hole depth is increased along with the increase of the laser energy, and the corresponding relation of the proportion is presented according to the numerical value to be achieved by actually measuring the hole depth; and secondly, under the condition that the laser energy is more than 1.5 times of the threshold, the numerical value of the hole depth is obviously increased along with the increase of the laser energy, the diameter of the hole is slightly increased along with the increase of the laser energy, the aperture at the moment is reduced by adjusting the focal length of the focusing device, so that the aperture is kept constant, and the numerical value of the hole depth and the laser energy show a proportional corresponding relation.
8. The utility model provides a focus adjusting device that online slim stick object was punched which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a laser light source for outputting laser light;
the beam shaping device is arranged in the laser light path and is used for adjusting the laser beam into light with approximately uniformly distributed energy;
the light path transmission device is arranged in the light path emitted by the laser light source and is used for transmitting the laser to the direction of the preset spatial position;
and the light path focusing device is arranged in an output light path of the light path transmission device and is used for converging and irradiating the laser to the surface of the product.
9. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 8, wherein: the hole type detection device is used for measuring the laser hole forming data of the surface of the product.
10. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 8, wherein: and a focal length adjusting device is arranged in the light path focusing device and is used for adjusting the diameter of a light spot formed by converging laser on the surface of a product.
11. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 8, wherein: the beam shaping device is or adopts a multi-lens beam shaper, and is arranged in a laser light path and used for adjusting laser beams into light with approximately uniformly distributed energy; or a single-chip beam shaper is arranged in front of a focusing lens in the light path focusing device, and the light beam is focused by a focusing mirror after being shaped.
12. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 8, wherein: the beam shaping device is arranged at the position of a beam outlet of the laser.
13. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 11, wherein: the multi-sheet type beam shaping device is a flat-top light shaper formed by sequentially mounting a plurality of lenses, and comprises a flat-top light shaper formed by combining an DOE diffraction sheet and at least one other lens, and a beam shaper with a flat-top shaping function formed by a beam expander and a diaphragm.
14. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 11, wherein: the single-chip type beam shaper consists of an DOE optical diffraction lens, is arranged in front of a focusing lens in a light path focusing device, shapes the beam and focuses the beam through a focusing lens; or the light beam is arranged behind a focusing lens in the light path focusing device, and the light beam focused by the focusing lens is reshaped.
15. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 14, wherein: the single-piece type beam DOE shaper and the focusing lens are combined and processed to form the lens with flat or plano-convex appearance and laser beam shaping and focusing functions.
16. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 15, wherein: the lens with laser beam shaping and focusing functions of the plano-convex shape is a DOE focusing lens or an aspheric surface focusing lens.
17. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 13, wherein: the spot diameter of the output light beam of the flat-top light shaper is 0.5-2.5 times of the incident spot diameter.
18. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 17, wherein: the spot diameter of the output light beam of the flat-top light shaper is 0.8-1.5 times of the incident spot diameter.
19. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 11, wherein: the beam shaper is composed of a beam expanding lens and a diaphragm, wherein the beam expanding multiple of the beam expanding lens is 1.2-2.5 times, and the diameter of an inner hole of the diaphragm is 0.5-2.0 times of the diameter of an incident light spot.
20. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 19, wherein: the diameter of the inner hole of the diaphragm is 0.8-1.5 times.
21. The apparatus for adjusting the focus of perforating a thin rod-shaped object in line according to claim 8, wherein: the focal length adjusting device is a manual focal length adjusting device or an electric focal length adjusting device.
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