CN111996153B - 一种短双歧杆菌及其应用 - Google Patents
一种短双歧杆菌及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111996153B CN111996153B CN202010984015.1A CN202010984015A CN111996153B CN 111996153 B CN111996153 B CN 111996153B CN 202010984015 A CN202010984015 A CN 202010984015A CN 111996153 B CN111996153 B CN 111996153B
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- bifidobacterium breve
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- constipation
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Abstract
本发明还提供了短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103,保藏在中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2018728,保藏地址为中华人民共和国湖北省武汉市武汉大学,保藏日期为2018年10月31日。本发明提供的短双歧杆菌TR103来源于长寿老人,其具有保护肠道黏膜、保护肝脏、避免肝损伤、调节排便频率、缓解肥胖的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物领域,特别涉及一种短双歧杆菌,还涉及该菌株的应用。
背景技术
引起肠道黏膜损伤的因素主要是严重创伤、严重感染、烧伤、休克、急性胰腺炎和其它危重病人可出现肠黏膜屏障的损伤,而后者又可加重各种原发疾病的病情,两者互相促进,互为因果。其中放化疗药物、腹部透析、细菌性腹膜炎、炎症性肠病等病对肠道黏膜损伤最为常见,肠黏膜屏障损伤会引起细菌移位,使寄生于大肠的致病菌,可以移位到小肠(横向移位),也可以跨过肠黏膜进入肠系膜淋巴结和门静脉,继而进入体循环(纵向移位)。均可引起严重全身性生理功能紊乱。尤其是肠内细菌的大量繁殖引起过多的毒素进入门静脉和肝脏,一旦肝脏清除毒素的能力下降,便发生内毒素血症,而内毒素不仅可直接损伤重要脏器,还可激活补体和凝血机制,出现呼吸窘迫综合征和弥漫性血管内凝血,甚至发生多器官功能衰竭。目前,治疗肠道黏膜损伤疾病的药物品种很少,临床上对此病治疗的现有西药疗效均有限,且对肝肾副作用大,无法长期使用,对患者肝肾不利或有损伤。中药品种相对较少,治疗功能较单一,短期疗效不明显。
酒精对人体的危害是众所周知的。过量饮酒会引起消化系统、循环系统等损伤,表现为情绪失控、意识障碍、消化道不适、甚至死亡等。长期饮酒可引起的酒精性脂肪肝、酒精性肝炎、酒精性肝硬化等肝脏疾病。我国酒精肝患者高达近亿人,且发病率呈每年递增趋势。长期饮酒更可使心肌细胞细胞膜受损、细胞器功能失常、机体内环境钙离子失衡、蛋白质收缩功能障碍,引起酒精性心脏病。如何维护酒民身体健康一直是医学界和社会学界高度关注的课题。
便秘是一种常见症状,指的是大便次数减少和(或)粪便干燥难解,一般两天以上无排便,提示存在便秘。据统计,我国便秘患者人数在30%以上,女性是男性的4倍以上,且随着年龄的增大,其发病率也呈上升趋势。现代科学研究表明,大便中含吲哚、硫化氢、甲烷、酚、氨等有毒物质高达796种,人每天排便一次就能将这些细菌、毒物、代谢废物及时排出体外。如排便时间超过48小时,则毒力成倍增加。长期便秘者易导致痔疮、肛裂和脱肛等疾病;患有心脏病、高血压病人排便因用力,可诱发中风,心肌梗塞、脑溢血,甚至可导致生命意外;便秘在有些疾病如结肠癌(据资料表明,严重便秘者约10%患结肠癌)、肝性脑病、乳腺疾病、早老性痴呆的发生中也有重要作用。因此,预防和及时合理治疗便秘,将会大大减轻便秘带来的严重后果和社会负担,庞大的患者消费群体将有力地刺激便秘市场不断拓展。目前,可用于便秘治疗的药物较多,但多数不适于慢性便秘患者,亦不适宜长期适用。
人们对饮食与健康之间关系的认识日渐提高,这已使得他们对在提供基本营养之余还能增强健康的产品需求日益高涨。有研究表明摄入益生菌有益于维持身体微妙的微生物平衡。众所周知,这种平衡可促进肠道健康并增强免疫系统及其他生理机能,由此成为全面提升人体健康的一项关键因素。
发明内容
发明目的:为了解决保证人们的身体健康,本发明提供了一种短双歧杆菌。
技术方案:本发明所采用的技术方案为:
短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103,保藏在中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2018728,保藏地址为中华人民共和国湖北省武汉市武汉大学,保藏日期为2018年10月31日。
上述短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103的规模化发酵方法,其特征在于:
组份1:水溶液,其中,酵母膏2%、大豆蛋白胨1%、无水乙酸钠0.5%、磷酸氢二钾0.2%、柠檬酸氢二铵0.2%、吐温-80 0.1%,121℃灭菌20分钟;
组份2:水溶液,其中,无水葡萄糖2.3%,低聚半乳糖0.4%,无水硫酸镁0.025%,一水硫酸锰0.02%,115℃灭菌20分钟;
组份3:水溶液,其中,L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.1%,灭菌锅121℃灭菌20分钟;
冷却至40℃以下的组份1和组份2混合,调pH至7.1;接种;再加入组份3;37℃恒温培养。
本发明还提供了短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103在制备治疗/预防肠道黏膜损伤的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103在制备预防和/或治疗酒精引起肝损伤的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103在制备预防和/或治疗便秘的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,所述组合物中包括短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteriumbreve)TR103,还包括至少一种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂、赋形剂或辅助剂。
优选地,所述药物组合物用于治疗/预防小鼠肠道黏膜损伤、预防和/或治疗酒精引起肝损伤、预防和/或治疗便秘的药物;所述短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103的剂量为(0.3-2.0)×1010CFU/g。
有益效果:本发明提供的短双歧杆菌TR103来源于长寿老人,其具有保护肠道黏膜、保护肝脏、避免肝损伤、调节排便频率、缓解肥胖的作用。
附图说明
图1为短双歧杆菌TR103革兰氏染色光学显微镜照片示意图。
图2为短双歧杆菌TR103的生物进化树图。
图3为各组小鼠解剖之后取出的各组小鼠结肠照片。
图4为各组小鼠造模后每日体重图。
图5为饮酒小鼠灌胃短双歧乳杆菌TR103后体重的变化趋势图。
图6为短双歧乳杆菌TR103对小鼠血清ALT的影响图。
图7为短双歧乳杆菌TR103对小鼠血清AST的影响图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做出进一步说明。
实施例1菌株的分离、纯化及鉴定
1、菌种和培养基和培养条件
(1)菌源
对一位百岁老人体内通过菌种分离筛选,得到新的短双歧杆菌。
宿主健康状况与饮食特点:该百岁老人活动自如,精神状态良好,体重指数正常。日常饮食以杂粮和白肉为主,每日饮白酒约50ml。
(2)培养基
富集培养基:5g/L酵母粉,10g/L蛋白胨和2.5g/L Nacl;
平板培养基:20g/L葡萄糖,2g/L(NH4)2SO4,13.3g/L KH2PO4,1.2g/L MgSO4·7H2O,1.7g/L柠檬酸,1.7g/L微量元素溶液,15g/L琼脂,0.5μg/mL尼罗蓝A。
2、菌株的分离和鉴定
(1)菌株的分离
取样品约0.2g,加入1ml MRS培养基,涡旋震荡1min,依次10倍稀释至10-6,每个稀释浓度取200μL涂布于含1%CaCO3乳酸菌选择性培养基MRS培养基上,37℃厌氧罐中培养48h,挑取平板上单菌落,在MRS固体培养基上划线纯化,37℃厌氧罐中培养48h,得到纯的菌落。
(2)菌株的鉴定
细胞形态:
细胞短,纤细或粗大,常为棒状杆菌,有或无分叉。用革兰氏染色有时可见颗粒。细胞在盐水中自动粘结。菌落凸面至垫状,表面平滑或波曲,全缘,直径2-3mm,质度柔软。菌株在含CaCO3的MRS培养基上菌落直径2-3mm、白色、凸起、有溶钙圈,表面平滑或波曲。
Biolog革兰氏阴性试验:
革兰氏阳性菌,细胞呈杆状,一端有时呈分叉状;菌体革兰氏染色特性如图1所示。
16S rRNA序列的测定:
利用已发表的16S通用引物
引物序列为:
S4-1:5’-ATAATGCGGCCGCACGGGCGGTGTGTRC-3’;
S4-2:5’-TAATAGCGGCCGCAGCMGCCGCGGTAATWC-3’。
对菌株TR103的16SrDNA基因序列进行扩增和测序,PCR扩增产物送华大基因有限公司测序,菌株TR103的16SrDNA的核苷酸序列为序列表中的序列1;经过16SrDNA基因比对,与Genebank中的Bifidobacterium breve菌株比对相似率达100%;结合微生物系统鉴定,TR103为一株短双歧杆菌,命名为短双歧杆菌TR103;短双歧杆菌TR103的16SrDNA如SEQ IDNO.1所示,生物进化树如图2所示。
实施例2短双歧乳杆菌TR103对小鼠肠道黏膜损伤的缓解作用及其机理研究
1.急性溃疡性结肠炎小鼠模型的建立与分组
将60只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为5组:正常组、模型组与TR103低、中、高剂量组,每组12只。
从实验第一天起正常组与模型组给予无菌生理盐水灌胃,TR103低、中、高剂量组分别给予浓度为1×106、1×108、1×1010cfu/ml TR103菌液灌胃,每只小鼠每天灌胃一次,每次0.2mL,共灌胃14天。
从试验第8天起,参照Murthy等的方法,将模型组与TR103低、中、高剂量组小鼠饮用的蒸馏水改为2.5%DSS溶液,自由饮用7天造成实验性结肠炎模型,造模期间每日观察记录小鼠的体重、大便性状和隐血情况,正常组饮用蒸馏水。
2.结肠炎小鼠生长状况的观察测定
在造模后的每天称量记录小鼠的体重,计算出造模后每组小鼠每天的平均体重,记录其变化情况。
3.小鼠结肠大体情况及长度变化
在实验第15天颈椎脱臼牺牲小鼠,分离结肠,观察各组小鼠结肠的大体改变,以小肠与盲肠汇合端为起点至肛门测量结肠长度。
处死小鼠当日观察记录各组小鼠结肠病变情况,解剖之后取出的各组小鼠结肠长度如图3所示,发现正常组小鼠结肠长度最长为10.48±0.74cm、肠道组织完好、肠腔内粪便成形;模型组与短双歧杆菌TR103低剂量组小鼠结肠长度最短,分别为7.33±1.32cm和7.99±1.29cm,肠壁变薄,肠腔内可见不成形便,部分小鼠肠腔内有暗红色血便;短双歧杆菌TR103高剂量组和中剂量组小鼠结肠长度分别为8.76±0.63cm和8.06±0.94cm,两组肠腔内出血少见,粪便基本成形,其中短双歧杆菌TR103高剂量组小鼠结肠状态最接近正常组。短双歧杆菌TR103各组均与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。
各组小鼠造模后每日体重见图4,结果显示:从小鼠自由饮用2.5%DSS水溶液开始,随着时间的增加模型组小鼠表现出饮食量减少,体重下降的情况,且逐渐加重。短双歧杆菌TR103组小鼠的生长状况随灌胃菌液浓度的升高逐渐好转,体重较模型组小鼠体重减少程度缓慢,其腹泻、便血症状也有不同程度的减轻,其中短双歧杆菌TR103高剂量组表现出显著性差异。正常组小鼠体重则呈持续上升趋势,且活动正常。
实施例3短双歧乳杆菌TR103对减轻小鼠慢性酒精肝损伤的研究
1.试验动物分组与处理
ICR小鼠5只一笼饲养,自由饮水、进食,定时更换垫料,保持鼠笼内清洁干燥,适应性喂养1周后,随机分成4组,每组15只小鼠;分别为空白对照组、酒精损伤组、短双歧乳杆菌TR103低剂量试验组(1.0×108CFU/mL)、短双歧乳杆菌TR103高剂量试验组(1.0×1010CFU/mL)。
试验开始0~2周,相应地给予对照组和酒精损伤组小鼠灌胃生理盐水0.2mL/(只·d),、短双歧乳杆菌TR103各组灌胃乳酸菌液0.2mL/(只·d)。第3周起,在前两周灌胃方式基础上,间隔半小时后,对照组增加一次0.15mL/(只·d)的生理盐水灌胃,酒精损伤组及试验组增加一次0.15mL/(只·d)的50%乙醇溶液灌胃,持续1周。4~6周,半小时后的灌胃,生理盐水以及酒精溶液增加至0.20mL/(只·d)。7~12周,半小时后的灌胃,生理盐水以及酒精溶液增加至0.25mL/(只·d)。
2.试验动物的检测指标
2.1小鼠体重及表观特征
试验期间,定时更换垫料,保持垫料干燥和饮水充足。每天记录进食量及摄水量,密切观察小鼠表观特征变化,每周定期称量各组小鼠体重。
2.2样本处理方法
血清:试验12周末小鼠禁食12h后,称取终体重、采血,并安乐死小鼠。血液在室温静置1h后离心(3500r/min,15min),取上清,置于-80℃储藏待用。使用全自动生化分析仪测定小鼠血清的总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量。利用试剂盒方法测定小鼠血清谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的含量。
脏器组织:处死小鼠后迅速摘取脏器组织。脏器组织包括大脑、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏及小肠。称取各组织重量后置于液氮中速冻,储存于-80℃待测。脏器指数(肝、脾、肾)(%)=内脏重量/大鼠体重×100%。
2.3小鼠肝匀浆的制备
解剖小鼠后,迅速摘取小鼠肝脏右叶组织,称重,剪碎,混入9倍体积预冷生理盐水,充分研磨成10%肝组织匀浆液。10%肝匀浆制备好后,以3000r/min离心15min,弃沉淀留上清液待用,肝匀浆于-80℃冻存。
2.4小鼠肝匀浆指标的测定
严格按照相应试剂盒说明书的具体操作步骤对小鼠肝匀浆中谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的含量的浓度进行测定。
3.实验结果
3.1短双歧乳杆菌TR103对小鼠体重的影响
图5显示了给饮酒小鼠灌胃短双歧乳杆菌TR103后体重的变化趋势。第0~2周适应期内,各组小鼠体重呈明显上升的趋势;从第3周起开始给各组灌胃受试物,对照组小鼠体重持续升高,酒精损伤组小鼠体重降低(P<0.05)。灌短双歧乳杆菌TR103的小鼠体重较酒精损伤组升高,且高剂量组和低剂量组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
3.2短双歧乳杆菌TR103对小鼠血清ALT、AST的影响
如图6所示,酒精损伤组小鼠血清AST水平比对照组的升高了11.8%(P>0.05)。灌胃短双歧乳杆菌TR103后,各组AST水平较酒精损伤组无显著性变化(P>0.05)。低剂量组的小鼠AST水平较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),短双歧乳杆菌TR103高剂量组与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。
图7比较了各组小鼠的血清ALT活性水平,酒精损伤组和短双歧乳杆菌TR103各剂量组均与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
试验结果显示,酒精损伤组的血清AST水平因灌胃酒精而升高,说明酒精已经造成肝细胞损伤。短双歧乳杆菌TR103作用后,高剂量组与对照组并无显著差异(P>0.05),表明短双歧乳杆菌TR103具有一定的缓解细胞损伤的能力。
实施例4短双歧乳杆菌TR103对缓解小鼠便秘作用的研究
1.实验动物分组及处理
实验菌株设3个剂量组、空白组和模型组。空白组和模型组小鼠灌胃质量分数10%的脱脂乳0.1mL/(kg·d)(以体质量计);短双歧乳杆菌TR103低剂量、中剂量、高剂量组小鼠分别灌胃1×106、1×108、1×1010CFU/mL的菌悬液0.1mL/(kg·d)(以体质量计)。每天一次,试验期间自由进食,记录各组小鼠体质量变化。
2.小鼠排便实验
给受试样品7d后,各组小鼠禁食不禁水16h。模型组和3个剂量组小鼠灌胃给予复方地芬诺酯(10mg/kg),空白组给予蒸馏水。2×106、2×108、2×1010CFU/mL的TR103菌悬液与墨汁等体积混合,给予复方地芬诺酯0.5h后,空白组和模型组小鼠灌胃墨汁0.1mL/kg(以体质量计),低、中、高剂量组及对照组给予含受试样品的墨汁0.1mL/kg(以体质量计),动物均单笼饲养,正常饮水进食。从灌胃墨汁开始,记录每只动物首粒排黑便时间、5h内排黑便粒数、质量。收集的粪便在105℃烘干至质量恒定,按式(1)计算粪便含水率。
表1
组别 | 1d | 7d | 15d |
空白组 | 19.9±0.5 | 20.2±0.6 | 21.0±0.9 |
模型组 | 20.4±1.1 | 20.9±0.8 | 21.4±1.0 |
TR103低剂量组 | 21.0±1.1 | 21.4±1.3 | 22.0±1.1 |
TR103中剂量组 | 21.3±1.4 | 21.8±1.5 | 22.3±1.3 |
TR103高剂量组 | 20.5±1.0 | 21.0±1.2 | 21.7±1.4 |
本研究是在小鼠正常生理状态下进行的。由表1可知,试验期间,小鼠的体重在各剂量组与对照组间,均不存在显著性差异(P>0.05),表明试验过程中短双歧乳杆菌TR103没有对小鼠体重产生显著影响。
表2
实验小鼠每天一次经口灌胃短双歧乳杆菌TR103菌株,连续7d后测定对便秘模型小鼠首粒排黑便时间、5h内排黑便颗粒数、质量及粪便含水率的影响,结果见表2。与空白组比较,模型组小鼠首次排黑便时间、5h内排黑便颗粒数、排便质量及粪便含水率均有极显著性差异(P<0.01),说明便秘小鼠模型成立。
经灌胃7d,短双歧乳杆菌TR103各剂量组小鼠首次排黑便时间、5h内排便质量、排便粒数与模型组相比都达到了极显著水平(P<0.01);中、高剂量组小鼠排便的含水率也比模型组显著提高(P<0.01)。且表现出了剂量效应,随着灌胃剂量的提高,小鼠首次排黑便时间、5h内排黑便颗粒数、排便质量和粪便含水率等指标均逐渐增强。
序列表
<110> 南京益瑞兰生物科技有限公司
<120> 一种短双歧杆菌及其应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 896
<212> DNA
<213> 短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)
<400> 1
gaggtcggga acgcattcac cgcgacgttg ctgattcgcg attactagcg actccgcctt 60
cacgcagtcg agttgcagac tgcgatccga actgagaccg gttttcaggg atccgctcca 120
gctcgcactg tcgcatcccg ttgtaccggc cattgtagca tgcgtgaagc cctggacgta 180
aggggcatga tgatctgacg tcatccccac cttcctccga gttaaccccg gcggtccccc 240
gtgagttccc ggcacaatcc gctggcaaca cggggcgagg gttgcgctcg ttgcgggact 300
taacccaaca tctcacgaca cgagctgacg acgaccatgc accacctgtg aacccgcccc 360
gaagggaaac cccatctctg ggatcgtcgg gaacatgtca agcccaggta aggttcttcg 420
cgttgcatcg aattaatccg catgctccgc cgcttgtgcg ggcccccgtc aatttctttg 480
agttttagcc ttgcggccgt actccccagg cgggatgctt aacgcgttag ctccgacacg 540
gaacccgtgg aacgggcccc acatccagca tccaccgttt acggcgtgga ctaccagggt 600
atctaatcct gttcgctccc cacgctttcg ctcctcagcg tcagtaacgg cccagagacc 660
tgccttcgcc attggtgttc ttcccgatat ctacacattc caccgttaca ccgggaattc 720
cagtctcccc taccgcactc aagcccgccc gtacccggcg cggatccacc gttaagcgat 780
ggactttcac accggacgcg acgaaccgcc tacgagccct ttacgcccaa taattccgga 840
taacgcttgc accctacgaa ttaccgcggc tgctggcccg cgcggcttta taaaaa 896
Claims (6)
1.短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103,保藏在中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2018728,保藏地址为中华人民共和国湖北省武汉市武汉大学,保藏日期为2018年10月31日。
2.如权利要求1所述的短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103在制备预防和/或治疗肠道黏膜损伤的药物中的应用。
3.如权利要求1所述的短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103在制备预防和/或治疗酒精引起肝损伤的药物中的应用。
4.如权利要求1所述的短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103在制备预防和/或治疗便秘的药物中的应用。
5.药物组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物中包括如权利要求1所述的短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103,还包括至少一种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂、赋形剂或辅助剂。
6.权利要求5所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物用于治疗/预防小鼠肠道黏膜损伤、预防和/或治疗酒精引起肝损伤、预防和/或治疗便秘;所述短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)TR103的剂量为(0.3-2.0)×1010CFU/g。
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