CN111520431B - Integral candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension - Google Patents
Integral candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN111520431B CN111520431B CN202010116841.4A CN202010116841A CN111520431B CN 111520431 B CN111520431 B CN 111520431B CN 202010116841 A CN202010116841 A CN 202010116841A CN 111520431 B CN111520431 B CN 111520431B
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- cylinder barrel
- guide sleeve
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/06—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid
- F16F9/061—Mono-tubular units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3278—Details for lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
- F16F9/3405—Throttling passages in or on piston body, e.g. slots
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
- F16F9/362—Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension, wherein the upper end of a cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with an upper end cover, a piston rod is of a hollow structure, and an inner hole of the piston rod is processed; the lower end of the cylinder barrel is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve and a guide gland, the guide sleeve and the guide gland are of hollow annular structures, a piston rod is matched with inner holes of the guide sleeve and the guide gland, the guide gland is tightly contacted with the outer end face of the guide sleeve, and the guide gland is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the cylinder barrel through guide sleeve bolts arranged in the circumferential direction; the piston rod is connected with the main piston; a radial damping valve is processed on the outer circle of the piston rod; the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity is communicated with the inner hole of the piston rod, and the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the hydro-pneumatic suspension rod cavity with the inner hole of the piston rod; the outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod is processed into a conical surface structure. The invention does not need any guide mechanism, simplifies the structure of the suspension system and has wide application prospect in the mine field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic machinery.
Background
The hydro-pneumatic suspension mainly comprises hydro-pneumatic springs, integrates elastic and damping elements, has a certain guiding function, requires smaller vehicle body arrangement space, has excellent nonlinear elastic characteristics and good vibration damping performance, and can maximally meet the smoothness requirement of engineering vehicles. From the integral structure, the hydro-pneumatic suspension systems applied to the engineering vehicles at present mainly comprise independent type and interconnection type; from the form of the hydro-pneumatic spring, the hydro-pneumatic spring is divided into a single-chamber hydro-pneumatic separation type, a double-chamber hydro-pneumatic separation type, a multi-stage pressure type, a hydro-pneumatic mixing type and the like. Compared with other suspension systems, the hydro-pneumatic suspension has the characteristics of typical nonlinear variable stiffness and gradual increase, when the vehicle runs on a flat road surface, the suspension dynamic travel is smaller, the stiffness generated by the instantaneous pressure born by the elastic medium is also smaller, and the requirement of smoothness can be met; when the vehicle runs in a fluctuant manner, the elastic force is in nonlinear change and the rigidity is increased, so that more impact energy can be absorbed, the characteristic of large energy storage ratio of unit mass of the gas is exerted, the buffer effect is effectively achieved, the phenomenon that ground excitation is directly transmitted to the vehicle body and the phenomenon of suspension breakdown is avoided, the off-road speed of the vehicle is improved, and the maneuverability is improved.
Vehicle suspension systems are classified into two types, mainly including non-independent suspension and independent suspension, and for non-independent suspension, large non-suspension masses can result in severe tire contact stress variations, which can have an adverse effect on the stability of the steering force of the vehicle, particularly for vehicles equipped with an integral drive axle that are less loaded. In extreme cases, the phenomenon that the non-suspension mass vibrates under the uneven road surface and even turns from understeer to oversteer is caused, so that the independent suspension is adopted, and the tire is stably attached to the ground due to the smaller non-suspension mass, so that the maneuverability of the vehicle is more stable. In the independent suspension structure, the structure such as double cross arm type, multi-connecting rod type, single longitudinal arm type and the like is common, but the structure is relatively complex because the single bridge of the mining vehicle has large bearing mass, so the structure is not popularized, and the integral axle which is not independently suspended is mainly used at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension, the lower end of the piston rod is directly inserted into the knuckle arm without any guide mechanism, the cylinder barrel and the piston rod can act as a master pin, the steering function can be realized through the relative rotation between the piston rod and the cylinder barrel when the vehicle turns, the guide sleeve is integrated on the cylinder barrel, the structure of the whole suspension system is simplified, and the integral candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension has wide application prospect in the mine field.
The integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston rod, a guide gland, a main piston, a guide sleeve, an upper end cover and a guide sleeve bolt; the upper end of the cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with the upper end cover through bolts, welding or threaded connection, the piston rod is of a hollow structure, and an inner hole of the piston rod is machined; the lower end of the cylinder barrel is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve and a guide gland which are hollow annular structures, a piston rod is matched with inner holes of the guide sleeve and the guide gland, the guide gland is tightly contacted with the outer end face of the guide sleeve, and the guide gland is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the cylinder barrel through guide sleeve bolts which are circumferentially arranged; the piston rod is connected with the main piston; a radial damping valve is processed on the outer circle of the piston rod and consists of a one-way valve and a normal through hole; the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity is communicated with the inner hole of the piston rod, and the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the hydro-pneumatic suspension rod cavity with the inner hole of the piston rod; the outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod is processed into a conical surface structure.
Further, a guide boss is machined on the outer side end face of the guide sleeve and is matched with a step in the inner hole of the cylinder barrel to realize axial limiting of the guide sleeve.
Further, the inner hole of the cylinder barrel is a unthreaded hole, the outer circle of the guide sleeve is a cylindrical surface, and the guide sleeve can be directly assembled into the inner hole of the cylinder barrel.
Further, one end of the guide sleeve, which is close to the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, is provided with an annular guide boss, the inner diameter of the guide boss is larger than the diameter of the piston rod, a guide annular cavity is formed between the guide boss and the inner hole of the piston rod, a piston annular boss is provided on the end face, which faces the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic spring, of the main piston corresponding to the guide sleeve, and when the piston rod is pulled to the longest position, the piston annular boss enters the guide annular cavity.
Further, a first guide belt, a first oil seal and a second oil seal are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the guide sleeve from one side of the rod cavity suspended by the oil gas, and the first guide belt is arranged in front of the first oil seal and the second oil seal which are connected in series and is close to the rod cavity suspended by the oil gas; the outer circle of the guide sleeve is sequentially provided with a first static seal and a second static seal from one side of the rod cavity of the oil gas suspension, and a protection ring is arranged at the low pressure side of the sealing groove of the first static seal; the outer circle of the guide sleeve is matched with the inner hole of the cylinder barrel, so that the first static seal and the second static seal are extruded and deformed.
Further, a lubrication groove, a second guide belt and a dust ring are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the guide gland from one side of the guide sleeve, a guide oil injection hole, a guide air release hole, a third static seal and an outer guide belt are arranged at the outer circle of the guide gland from one side of the guide sleeve, wherein the guide oil injection hole and the guide air release hole are both positioned at the inner side of the third static seal and are both communicated with the lubrication groove, and the lubrication groove is positioned between the second oil seal and the second guide belt; and the radial corresponding positions of the cylinder barrel are respectively provided with a lubrication hole and a pressure relief valve, wherein the lubrication hole is communicated with the guide oil filling hole, the pressure relief valve is communicated with the guide air release hole, and the lubrication hole is used for being connected with a centralized lubrication pipeline of the vehicle.
Further, the outer circle of the piston rod is matched with the piston inner hole of the main piston, the upper end of the piston inner hole is provided with an annular end face, the inner diameter of the annular end face is not smaller than the diameter of the piston rod inner hole, and the top end of the piston rod is contacted with the side face of the annular end face after the piston rod is assembled into the piston inner hole; a circumferential piston through hole is formed in the annular end face of the main piston, a circumferential threaded hole is formed in the top end of a corresponding piston rod in contact with the annular end face, and the piston through hole is fixedly connected with the circumferential threaded hole through a piston bolt after being aligned with the circumferential threaded hole during assembly; the outer circle of the main piston is provided with a guide belt.
Further, the normal through hole is formed by connecting a throttling small hole and a throttling large hole in series, wherein the throttling small hole is close to the inner hole of the piston rod, and oil liquid in the rodless cavity sequentially enters the rod cavity through the throttling small hole and the throttling large hole; the one-way valve is characterized in that a steel ball is added in the normal through hole, the diameter of the steel ball is between the diameter of the throttling small hole and the diameter of the throttling large hole, and the steel ball is limited by the hole wall of the piston inner hole of the main piston, so that the steel ball is prevented from falling out of the normal through hole, and the area of the piston inner hole covering the throttling large hole is not more than half of the cross section area of the throttling large hole.
Further, the conical surface taper of the lower part of the piston rod is as follows; the lower end face of the piston rod is provided with a circumferential end face threaded hole, and the piston rod and the knuckle arm are fastened and assembled together through bolts.
Further, an oil drain hole is formed in the center of the lower end face of the piston rod, and is communicated with an inner hole of the piston rod and sealed through a plug.
Further, a gas discharge port is formed in the upper end cover of the hydro-pneumatic suspension and is communicated with the rodless cavity oil chamber, the hydro-pneumatic suspension is sealed by a screw plug, and an inflation valve is arranged on the upper end cover and is communicated with the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity; an inflatable bonnet is further arranged at the top end of the inflatable valve and connected with the upper end cover through threads.
Further, a connecting plate is welded on the outer side of the cylinder barrel, a certain number of reinforcing ribs are welded between the connecting plate and the cylinder barrel, and a certain number of plate through holes are processed on the connecting plate; the back of the connecting plate is provided with a key slot; the included angle between the central axis of the piston rod and the bottom plane of the connecting plate is set to be 0-3 degrees.
Further, the piston rod and the main piston are processed by a threaded connection or an integral forging forming method.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. The invention provides an integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure, a cylinder barrel is directly fixed on a vehicle body through a connecting plate, the lower end of a piston rod is processed into a conical surface structure and is connected with a knuckle arm, the whole hydro-pneumatic suspension is equivalent to the action of a master pin, bears the force in all directions in the running process of the vehicle, and compared with the prior suspension technology, other guide mechanisms are not required to be added, so that the integral candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and convenience in installation, maintenance and maintenance.
2. Compared with the prior art, the integral candle type oil gas suspension structure provided by the invention has the characteristics that the second guide belt and the lubrication groove are directly arranged at the lower half part of the cylinder barrel to form an integral structure, so that the number of structural parts and the processing and assembling difficulties are effectively reduced. The inner hole of cylinder processing into the shoulder hole, the uide bushing is located the cylinder middle part in addition, and the piston mainly moves in the upper half of cylinder, realizes the oil anti-leakage through the epaxial seal of uide bushing, and the lower half of cylinder mainly is the lubrication and the support region of piston rod and need not to bear the sealed effect of oil gas medium, even the piston rod lower extreme appears colliding with, fish tail scheduling problem, also can not influence the sealing performance that oil gas hung, compares with traditional structure and has greatly improved the anti-leakage ability of product.
3. According to the integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure provided by the invention, the taper of the conical surface at the lower part of the piston rod is usually designed to be 1:8-1:10, and structural topology optimization proves that the local stress concentration of the piston rod can be reduced to the minimum, the stress environment is improved, and the piston rod and the knuckle arm can be tightly matched to the greatest extent. In addition, the included angle between the central axis of the piston rod or the cylinder barrel and the bottom plane of the connecting plate is usually set to be 0-3 degrees, and the lateral force born by the suspension system at the static balance position can be reduced to the minimum through dynamic modeling analysis.
4. The invention provides an integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure, wherein a radial damping valve is processed on a piston rod and consists of a one-way valve and a normal through hole; the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension; the check valve can be realized by adding the steel ball into the stepped hole, particularly, through structural innovation, the limit function of the steel ball can be realized when the main piston is assembled, and the check valve has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and suitability for mass production. In addition, through test verification, the area of the inner hole of the piston covering the throttling macropores is not more than half of the cross section area of the throttling macropores, so that obvious throttling phenomenon of oil caused by main piston limiting can be effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a hydrocarbon suspension;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the hydrocarbon suspension;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a hydrocarbon suspension;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the hydrocarbon suspension;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of the hydro-pneumatic suspension;
FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the guide sleeve;
FIG. 7 is a front cross-sectional view of the master piston;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of the master piston;
in the figure: 1. the piston rod assembly includes a cylinder barrel, 2, a piston rod, 3, an oil charge, 4, a check valve, 5, a main piston, 6, a conical surface, 7, a lubrication hole, 8, a guide sleeve, 9, a piston bolt, 10, a piston rod inner hole, 11, an oil drain hole, 12, a top cover bolt, 13, an air charge valve, 14, an upper end cover, 15, a first throttling hole, 16, a second throttling hole, 17, an exhaust passage, 18, an exhaust plug, 19, a pressure relief valve, 20, a cylinder barrel large hole, 21, a end face screw hole, 30, a lubrication groove, 31, a third oil seal, 32, a first guide belt, 33, a first static seal, 34, a protection ring, 35, a dust ring, 36, a first oil seal, 37, a second oil seal, 38, a second guide belt, 39, a guide screw hole, 40, a cylinder barrel boss, 41, a second static seal, 42, a piston guide belt, 47, a connecting plate, 48, a reinforcing rib, 49, 50, a plate through hole, 51, a piston inner hole, 52, an annular end face, 53, a piston through hole, 55, and a guide belt.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention designs an integrated candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure, which has wide application prospect in steering axles in the fields of mining machinery and multi-axle heavy carrier vehicles as shown in figures 1-5. The upper end of the cylinder barrel 1 is fixedly connected with the upper end cover 14 through bolts or threads, the piston rod 2 is of a hollow structure, a piston rod inner hole 10 is machined, the piston rod 2 and the annular structure main piston 5 are fixedly connected together through piston bolts 9 with end faces circumferentially arranged, and the piston barrel is also machined through threads or an integral forging forming method; the outer circle of the piston rod 2 is matched with the piston inner hole 51, the upper end of the piston inner hole 51 is provided with an annular end face 52, the inner diameter of the annular end face 52 is not smaller than the diameter of the piston rod inner hole 10, and after the piston rod 2 is assembled into the piston inner hole 51, the top end of the piston rod 2 is fully contacted with the side face of the annular end face 52, so that the axial limit of the main piston 5 is realized; at the same time, a circumferential piston through hole 53 is processed on the annular end surface 52 of the main piston 5, a circumferential threaded hole is processed on the top end of the corresponding piston rod 2 contacted with the annular end surface 52, and the piston is fixedly connected through a piston bolt 9 after being aligned during assembly. The outer circumference of the main piston 5 is provided with a piston guide band 42.
The inner hole of the cylinder 1 is processed into a stepped hole, a cylinder boss 40 is formed in the middle of the cylinder 1, the diameter of the inner hole in the upper part of the cylinder 1 is larger, the cylinder boss is defined as a cylinder large hole 20, and the diameter of the inner hole in the lower part of the cylinder 1 is smaller, and the cylinder boss is defined as a cylinder small hole. The upper end of the hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinder 1 is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve 8 and a piston rod assembly formed by combining a piston rod 2 and a main piston 5, the guide sleeve 8 is limited by a cylinder boss 40 after being arranged, the guide sleeve 8 is prevented from moving towards the inside of the cylinder 1, and the cylinder boss 40 is positioned in the middle of the cylinder 1. The main piston 5 makes linear reciprocating motion in the cylinder barrel large hole 20 between the guide sleeve 8 and the upper end cover 14, and the guiding and supporting functions are achieved through the piston guide belt 42 at the outer circle of the main piston 5. The guide sleeve 8 is of a hollow annular structure, and the piston rod 2 penetrates through an inner hole of the guide sleeve 8 and is matched with a small hole of the cylinder barrel.
The radial damping valve is processed at the outer circle of the piston rod 2 and is matched with the main piston 5, the damping valve is usually composed of a one-way valve 4 and a normal through hole, the normal through hole is usually formed by connecting a first throttling hole 15 and a second throttling hole 16 in parallel, the one-way valve 4 is formed by connecting a throttling small hole and a throttling big hole in series, wherein the throttling small hole is close to an inner hole 10 of the piston rod, a steel ball is added into the one-way valve 4, the diameter of the steel ball is between the diameter of the throttling small hole and the diameter of the throttling big hole, the steel ball is limited through the hole wall of a piston inner hole 51 of the main piston 5, the steel ball is prevented from falling out of the normal through hole, and the area of the piston inner hole 51 covering the throttling big hole does not exceed half of the cross section area of the throttling big hole.
The hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity is communicated with the piston rod inner hole 10, and the check valve 4 and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the hydro-pneumatic suspension rod cavity and the piston rod inner hole 10. When the piston rod 2 is compressed, the steel ball is jacked up by oil, and the oil in the rodless cavity can simultaneously pass through the first throttling hole 15, the second throttling hole 16 and the one-way valve 4 to enter the rod cavity; when the piston rod 2 is in a restoring and stretching state, the steel ball is impacted by oil downwards, so that the throttle small hole can be blocked, the oil can only enter the rodless cavity through the first throttle hole 15 and the second throttle hole 16, and a larger damping force value is generated to damp vibration from the ground.
The outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod 2 is processed into a conical surface 6 structure, the conical degree is 1:8-1:10, the conical surface 6 of the piston rod 2 is inserted into a conical hole of a knuckle arm when the suspension system is installed, a circumferential end surface threaded hole 21 is processed at the lower end surface 22 of the piston rod, the piston rod and the knuckle arm are fastened and assembled together through bolts, and when a vehicle turns, synchronous rotation movement of the piston rod 2 along with the knuckle arm can be realized. The oil drain holes 11 are formed in the center of the lower end face 22 of the piston rod 2, the number of the oil drain holes 11 can be designed according to actual requirements, the oil drain holes 11 are communicated with the inner hole 10 of the piston rod, the plug is sealed through the plug, and the plug is opened when oil is required to be drained, and the oil in the cylinder barrel can be conveniently drained due to the fact that the oil drain holes 11 are located at the lower end of the oil-gas suspension.
In addition, an oil charging channel 3 and an exhaust channel 17 are processed at the top end of the upper end cover 14 and are communicated with an oil chamber of the rodless cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, an inflation valve 13 is assembled at the oil charging channel 3, and an exhaust plug 18 is assembled at the exhaust channel 17. When the inflation valve 13 is used for injecting oil gas in a hanging way, the exhaust channel 17 is opened, so that air in the cylinder barrel can be fully exhausted, and the cylinder barrel is sealed by the exhaust plug 18 after the oil injection is finished.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the small hole of the cylinder barrel, a lubrication groove 30, a second guide belt 38, a third oil seal 31 and a dust ring 35 are sequentially arranged from one end of the guide sleeve 8 and are matched with the rod body of the piston rod 2, a lubrication hole 7 and a pressure release valve 19 are arranged on the wall of the cylinder barrel 1 corresponding to the lubrication groove 30, the lubrication hole 7 and the pressure release valve 19 are usually arranged on the cylinder barrel 1 separately, the lubrication hole 7 is used for being connected with a centralized lubrication pipeline of a vehicle, lubricating grease can be periodically supplied to the lubrication groove 30, and air in the lubrication groove 30 is fully discharged when the pressure release valve 19 is used for filling the lubricating grease, so that the lubricating grease is ensured to be filled.
A first guide belt 32, a first oil seal 36 and a second oil seal 37 are sequentially assembled in an inner hole of the guide sleeve 8 from one side of the oil-gas suspension main piston 5, and the first guide belt 32 is arranged in front of the series oil seals and is close to the oil-gas suspension annular cavity for improving the lubrication environment by adopting a structure that the two oil seals are connected in series; a first static seal 33 and a second static seal 41 are sequentially arranged at the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 from one side of the hydro-pneumatic suspension annular cavity, and a protection ring 34 is arranged at the low pressure side of a sealing groove of the first static seal 33; the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 is matched with the cylinder barrel large hole 20, so that the first static seal 33 and the second static seal 41 are extruded and deformed to achieve the aim of sealing high-pressure oil and liquid. A guide threaded hole 39 is formed in the end face of the guide sleeve 8 facing the main piston 5, so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the guide sleeve 8 from the cylinder barrel 1.
A connecting plate 47 is welded on the outer side of the cylinder barrel 1, a certain number of reinforcing ribs 48 are welded between the connecting plate 47 and the cylinder barrel 1 for enhancing the connection strength of the cylinder barrel 1 and the connecting plate 47, the connecting plate 47 can be processed into a symmetrical structure which is fixedly connected with the cylinder barrel 1 so as to embody the advantages of light weight and low cost, and a certain number of plate through holes 50 are processed on the connecting plate 47 for being fastened and connected with a vehicle body through bolts; the back of the connecting plate 47 is provided with a key slot 49 for being matched with a key on a car body to be installed, and the key slot is used for counteracting shearing force applied to a bolt when the hydro-pneumatic suspension bears force.
The candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension is vertically installed on a vehicle and fixedly connected with the vehicle body through the connecting plate 47, the cylinder barrel 1 and the piston rod 2 play a role of hanging a master pin, the conical surface 6 at the lower end of the piston rod 2 is directly inserted into a knuckle arm for connecting wheels, and the stress of a hanging system is completely borne by a hydro-pneumatic spring body without an additional guide mechanism, so the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension has the characteristic of simple structure, has a wide prospect in the front axle of the mine field, and generally sets an included angle between the central axis of the piston rod 2 and the bottom plane of the connecting plate 47 to be 0-3 degrees in order to enable the lateral force borne by the piston rod 2 in the moving process to reach the optimal state.
The integral candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension is characterized in that the guide sleeve 8 is arranged in the middle of the whole cylinder barrel 1, the upper end of the cylinder barrel 1 is a normal working area of the main piston 5, the lower end of the cylinder barrel 1 is a lubrication and support area of the piston rod 2, and even if the lower end of the piston rod 2 is collided with and scratched, the sealing performance of the hydro-pneumatic suspension is not affected due to the fact that the high-pressure seal is arranged on the guide sleeve 8, and the anti-leakage capacity of a product is greatly improved.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an integral type candle formula hydro-pneumatic suspension, includes cylinder (1), piston rod (2), check valve (4), master piston (5), uide bushing (8), upper end cover (14), its characterized in that: the upper end of the cylinder barrel (1) is fixedly connected with the upper end cover (14) through bolts or threads, the piston rod (2) is of a hollow structure, an inner hole (10) of the piston rod is machined, and the piston rod (2) is connected with the main piston (5) of an annular structure; the inner hole of the cylinder barrel (1) is processed into a stepped hole, a cylinder barrel boss (40) is formed in the middle of the cylinder barrel (1), a cylinder barrel big hole (20) is formed in the upper part of the cylinder barrel (1), a cylinder barrel small hole is formed in the lower part of the cylinder barrel, and the inner hole diameter of the cylinder barrel big hole (20) is larger than that of the cylinder barrel small hole; the upper end of the cylinder barrel (1) is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve (8) and a piston rod assembly formed by combining the piston rod (2) and the main piston (5), and the guide sleeve (8) is limited by a cylinder barrel boss (40) after being arranged; the main piston (5) makes linear reciprocating motion in a cylinder barrel large hole (20) between the guide sleeve (8) and the upper end cover (14); the guide sleeve (8) is of a hollow annular structure, and the piston rod (2) penetrates through an inner hole of the guide sleeve (8) and is matched with the small hole of the cylinder barrel; a radial damping valve is processed at the excircle of the piston rod (2), and the damping valve consists of a one-way valve (4) and a normal through hole; the rodless cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension is communicated with the inner hole (10) of the piston rod, and the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension with the inner hole (10) of the piston rod; the outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod (2) is processed into a conical surface (6) structure.
2. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: an oil drain hole (11) is formed in the center of the lower end face (22) of the piston rod (2), and the oil drain hole (11) is communicated with the inner hole (10) of the piston rod and sealed through a plug; an oil charging channel (3) and an exhaust channel (17) are processed at the top end of the upper end cover (14), are communicated with an oil chamber of a rodless cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, an inflation valve (13) is assembled at the oil charging channel (3), and an exhaust plug (18) is assembled at the exhaust channel (17).
3. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: in the cylinder barrel small hole, a lubrication groove (30), a second guide belt (38), a third oil seal (31) and a dust ring (35) are sequentially arranged from one end of a guide sleeve (8), the lubrication groove is matched with a rod body of a piston rod (2), a lubrication hole (7) and a pressure release valve (19) are arranged on the cylinder barrel wall of the cylinder barrel (1) corresponding to the lubrication groove (30), and the lubrication hole (7) and the pressure release valve (19) are separately arranged on the cylinder barrel (1).
4. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: the outer circle of the piston rod (2) is matched with a piston inner hole (51) of the main piston (5), an annular end face (52) is processed at the upper end of the piston inner hole (51), the inner diameter of the annular end face (52) is not smaller than the diameter of the piston rod inner hole (10), and after the piston rod (2) is assembled into the piston inner hole (51), the top end of the piston rod is contacted with the side face of the annular end face (52); meanwhile, a circumferential piston through hole (53) is formed in the annular end face (52) of the main piston (5), a circumferential threaded hole is formed in the top end of the piston rod (2) in contact with the annular end face (52), and the piston through hole (53) is fixedly connected with the circumferential threaded hole through a piston bolt (9) after being aligned with the circumferential threaded hole during assembly; a piston guide belt (42) is arranged on the outer circle of the main piston (5).
5. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: the piston rod (2) and the main piston (5) are processed by a threaded connection or an integral forging method.
6. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: the normal through hole is formed by connecting a first throttling hole (15) and a second throttling hole (16) in parallel, a steel ball is added in the one-way valve (4), the part above the steel ball is a throttling big hole, the part below the steel ball is a throttling small hole, the throttling small hole is close to the inner hole (10) of the piston rod, the diameter of the steel ball is between the diameter of the throttling small hole and the diameter of the throttling big hole, the limiting is performed through the hole wall of the inner hole (51) of the piston of the main piston (5), and the area of the inner hole (51) of the piston covers the throttling big hole and does not exceed half of the cross section area of the throttling big hole.
7. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: the taper of the conical surface (6) at the lower part of the piston rod (2) is 1:8-1:10; a circumferential end face threaded hole (21) is formed in the lower end face (22) of the piston rod, and the piston rod and the knuckle arm are fastened and assembled together through bolts.
8. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: a first guide belt (32), a first oil seal (36) and a second oil seal (37) are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the guide sleeve (8) from one side of the main piston (5), and the first guide belt (32) is arranged in front of the first oil seal (36) and the second oil seal (37) which are connected in series and is close to the oil gas suspension annular cavity; a first static seal (33) and a second static seal (41) are sequentially arranged at the outer circle of the guide sleeve (8) from one side of the main piston (5), and a protection ring (34) is arranged at the low pressure side of the sealing groove of the first static seal (33); the outer circle of the guide sleeve (8) is matched with the cylinder barrel large hole (20) to enable the first static seal (33) and the second static seal (41) to be extruded and deformed; a guide threaded hole (39) is processed at the end face of the guide sleeve (8) facing the main piston (5).
9. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 1 wherein: a connecting plate (47) is welded on the outer side of the cylinder barrel (1), a certain number of reinforcing ribs (48) are welded between the connecting plate (47) and the cylinder barrel (1), the connecting plate (47) is processed into a split symmetrical structure and is fixedly connected with the cylinder barrel (1), and a certain number of plate through holes (50) are processed on the connecting plate (47); a key groove (49) is formed in the back surface of the connecting plate (47).
10. The integrated candle hydrocarbon suspension of claim 9 wherein: the included angle between the central axis of the piston rod (2) and the bottom plane of the connecting plate (47) is 0-3 degrees.
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