CN111520430B - Candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension - Google Patents
Candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN111520430B CN111520430B CN202010116833.XA CN202010116833A CN111520430B CN 111520430 B CN111520430 B CN 111520430B CN 202010116833 A CN202010116833 A CN 202010116833A CN 111520430 B CN111520430 B CN 111520430B
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- hole
- guide
- piston rod
- piston
- guide sleeve
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/06—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid
- F16F9/061—Mono-tubular units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G13/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers
- B60G13/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers having dampers dissipating energy, e.g. frictionally
- B60G13/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers having dampers dissipating energy, e.g. frictionally of fluid type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3278—Details for lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
- F16F9/3405—Throttling passages in or on piston body, e.g. slots
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
- F16F9/362—Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/128—Damper mount on vehicle body or chassis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/129—Damper mount on wheel suspension or knuckle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/16—Running
- B60G2800/162—Reducing road induced vibrations
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic machinery. The hydro-pneumatic suspension comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston rod, a guide gland, a main piston, a guide sleeve, an upper end cover and a guide sleeve bolt; the upper end of the cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with the upper end cover, the piston rod is of a hollow structure, and an inner hole of the piston rod is machined; the lower end of the cylinder barrel is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve and a guide gland, a piston rod is matched with inner holes of the guide sleeve and the guide gland, the guide gland is tightly contacted with the outer end face of the guide sleeve, and the guide gland is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the cylinder barrel through a guide sleeve bolt; the piston rod is connected with the main piston; a radial damping valve is processed on the outer circle of the piston rod; the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity is communicated with the inner hole of the piston rod, and the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the hydro-pneumatic suspension rod cavity with the inner hole of the piston rod; the outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod is processed into a conical surface structure. The invention simplifies the structure of the whole suspension system and has wide application prospect in the mine field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic machinery.
Background
The hydro-pneumatic suspension mainly comprises hydro-pneumatic springs, integrates elastic and damping elements, has a certain guiding function, requires smaller vehicle body arrangement space, has excellent nonlinear elastic characteristics and good vibration damping performance, and can maximally meet the smoothness requirement of engineering vehicles. From the integral structure, the hydro-pneumatic suspension systems applied to the engineering vehicles at present mainly comprise independent type and interconnection type; from the form of the hydro-pneumatic spring, the hydro-pneumatic spring is divided into a single-chamber hydro-pneumatic separation type, a double-chamber hydro-pneumatic separation type, a multi-stage pressure type, a hydro-pneumatic mixing type and the like. Compared with other suspension systems, the hydro-pneumatic suspension has the characteristics of typical nonlinear variable stiffness and gradual increase, when the vehicle runs on a flat road surface, the suspension dynamic travel is smaller, the stiffness generated by the instantaneous pressure born by the elastic medium is also smaller, and the requirement of smoothness can be met; when the vehicle runs in a fluctuant manner, the elastic force is in nonlinear change and the rigidity is increased, so that more impact energy can be absorbed, the characteristic of large energy storage ratio of unit mass of the gas is exerted, the buffer effect is effectively achieved, the phenomenon that ground excitation is directly transmitted to the vehicle body and the phenomenon of suspension breakdown is avoided, the off-road speed of the vehicle is improved, and the maneuverability is improved.
Vehicle suspension systems are classified into two types, mainly including non-independent suspension and independent suspension, and for non-independent suspension, large non-suspension masses can result in severe tire contact stress variations, which can have an adverse effect on the stability of the steering force of the vehicle, particularly for vehicles equipped with an integral drive axle that are less loaded. In extreme cases, the phenomenon that the non-suspension mass vibrates under the uneven road surface and even turns from understeer to oversteer is caused, so that the independent suspension is adopted, and the tire is stably attached to the ground due to the smaller non-suspension mass, so that the maneuverability of the vehicle is more stable. In the independent suspension structure, the structure such as double cross arm type, multi-connecting rod type, single longitudinal arm type and the like is common, but the structure is relatively complex because the single bridge of the mining vehicle has large bearing mass, so the structure is not popularized, and the integral axle which is not independently suspended is mainly used at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension, the lower end of a piston rod is directly inserted into a knuckle arm without any guide mechanism, a cylinder barrel and the piston rod can act as a master pin, a steering function can be realized through relative rotation between the piston rod and the cylinder barrel when a vehicle turns, a durable lubrication function on a sealing element is realized through a scheme of combining a guide sleeve and a guide gland, the processing difficulty of a structural member is reduced, and the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension has a wide application prospect in the mine field.
A candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston rod, a guide gland, a main piston, a guide sleeve, an upper end cover and a guide sleeve bolt; the upper end of the cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with the upper end cover through bolts, welding or threaded connection, the piston rod is of a hollow structure, and an inner hole of the piston rod is machined; the lower end of the cylinder barrel is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve and a guide gland which are hollow annular structures, a piston rod is matched with inner holes of the guide sleeve and the guide gland, the guide gland is tightly contacted with the outer end face of the guide sleeve, and the guide gland is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the cylinder barrel through guide sleeve bolts which are circumferentially arranged; the piston rod is connected with the main piston; a radial damping valve is processed on the outer circle of the piston rod and consists of a one-way valve and a normal through hole; the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity is communicated with the inner hole of the piston rod, and the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the hydro-pneumatic suspension rod cavity with the inner hole of the piston rod; the outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod is processed into a conical surface structure.
Further, a guide boss is machined on the outer side end face of the guide sleeve and is matched with a step in the inner hole of the cylinder barrel to realize axial limiting of the guide sleeve.
Further, the inner hole of the cylinder barrel is a unthreaded hole, the outer circle of the guide sleeve is a cylindrical surface, and the guide sleeve can be directly assembled into the inner hole of the cylinder barrel.
Further, one end of the guide sleeve, which is close to the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, is provided with an annular guide boss, the inner diameter of the guide boss is larger than the diameter of the piston rod, a guide annular cavity is formed between the guide boss and the inner hole of the piston rod, a piston annular boss is provided on the end face, which faces the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic spring, of the main piston corresponding to the guide sleeve, and when the piston rod is pulled to the longest position, the piston annular boss enters the guide annular cavity.
Further, a first guide belt, a first oil seal and a second oil seal are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the guide sleeve from one side of the rod cavity suspended by the oil gas, and the first guide belt is arranged in front of the first oil seal and the second oil seal which are connected in series and is close to the rod cavity suspended by the oil gas; the outer circle of the guide sleeve is sequentially provided with a first static seal and a second static seal from one side of the rod cavity of the oil gas suspension, and a protection ring is arranged at the low pressure side of the sealing groove of the first static seal; the outer circle of the guide sleeve is matched with the inner hole of the cylinder barrel, so that the first static seal and the second static seal are extruded and deformed.
Further, a lubrication groove, a second guide belt and a dust ring are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the guide gland from one side of the guide sleeve, a guide oil injection hole, a guide air release hole, a third static seal and an outer guide belt are arranged at the outer circle of the guide gland from one side of the guide sleeve, wherein the guide oil injection hole and the guide air release hole are both positioned at the inner side of the third static seal, the outer guide belt is positioned at the outer side of the third static seal and communicated with the lubrication groove, and the lubrication groove is positioned between the second oil seal and the second guide belt; and the radial corresponding positions of the cylinder barrel are respectively provided with a lubrication hole and a pressure relief valve, wherein the lubrication hole is communicated with the guide oil filling hole, the pressure relief valve is communicated with the guide air release hole, and the lubrication hole is used for being connected with a centralized lubrication pipeline of the vehicle.
Further, the outer circle of the piston rod is matched with the piston inner hole of the main piston, the upper end of the piston inner hole is provided with an annular end face, the inner diameter of the annular end face is not smaller than the diameter of the piston rod inner hole, and the top end of the piston rod is contacted with the side face of the annular end face after the piston rod is assembled into the piston inner hole; a circumferential piston through hole is formed in the annular end face of the main piston, a circumferential threaded hole is formed in the top end of a corresponding piston rod in contact with the annular end face, and the piston through hole is fixedly connected with the circumferential threaded hole through a piston bolt after being aligned with the circumferential threaded hole during assembly; the outer circle of the main piston is provided with a guide belt.
Further, the normal through hole is formed by connecting a throttling small hole and a throttling large hole in series, wherein the throttling small hole is close to the inner hole of the piston rod, and oil liquid in the rodless cavity sequentially enters the rod cavity through the throttling small hole and the throttling large hole; the one-way valve is characterized in that a steel ball is added in the normal through hole, the diameter of the steel ball is between the diameter of the throttling small hole and the diameter of the throttling large hole, and the steel ball is limited by the hole wall of the piston inner hole of the main piston, so that the steel ball is prevented from falling out of the normal through hole, and the area of the piston inner hole covering the throttling large hole is not more than half of the cross section area of the throttling large hole.
Further, the conical surface taper of the lower part of the piston rod is 1:8-1:10; the lower end face of the piston rod is provided with a circumferential end face threaded hole, and the piston rod and the knuckle arm are fastened and assembled together through bolts.
Further, an oil drain hole is formed in the center of the lower end face of the piston rod, and is communicated with an inner hole of the piston rod and sealed through a plug.
Further, a gas discharge port is formed in the upper end cover of the hydro-pneumatic suspension and is communicated with the rodless cavity oil chamber, the hydro-pneumatic suspension is sealed by a screw plug, and an inflation valve is arranged on the upper end cover and is communicated with the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity; an inflatable bonnet is further arranged at the top end of the inflatable valve and connected with the upper end cover through threads.
Further, a connecting plate is welded on the outer side of the cylinder barrel, a certain number of reinforcing ribs are welded between the connecting plate and the cylinder barrel, and a certain number of plate through holes are processed on the connecting plate; the back of the connecting plate is provided with a key slot; the included angle between the central axis of the piston rod and the bottom plane of the connecting plate is set to be 0-3 degrees.
Further, the piston rod and the main piston are processed by a threaded connection or an integral forging forming method.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. The invention provides a candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure, a cylinder barrel is directly fixed on a vehicle body through a connecting plate, the lower end of a piston rod is processed into a conical surface structure and is connected with a knuckle arm, the whole hydro-pneumatic suspension is equivalent to the action of a master pin, bears the force in all directions in the running process of the vehicle, and compared with the prior suspension technology, no other guide mechanism is required to be added, so that the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and convenience in installation, maintenance and maintenance.
2. Compared with the prior art, the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure is convenient for operation on a vehicle, namely, the suspension cylinder is not required to be integrally detached from the vehicle body, and the piston rod, the piston and other internal components can be directly detached for maintenance or repair by unscrewing bolts of the guide sleeve, so that the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure is greatly convenient for operation convenience in a field environment and has good popularization advantage.
3. Compared with the traditional integrated structure, the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the processing difficulty of a sample piece in the aspect of form and position tolerance such as coaxiality and roundness is obviously reduced, the cost is reduced by half, the streamline assembly is convenient to realize, and the trouble of manually and repeatedly installing and adjusting is avoided. Meanwhile, a lubrication groove is designed on the guide gland and used for being connected with a centralized lubrication device on a vehicle to realize timely replenishment of lubricating grease, so that the lubrication environment of the sealing element is greatly improved. Meanwhile, as the high-pressure seal is arranged on the guide sleeve, even if the lower end of the piston rod is bumped, scratch and the like are caused, the sealing performance of the hydro-pneumatic suspension is not affected, and the leakage resistance of the product is greatly improved.
4. According to the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure, the hydraulic buffering limiting device is designed on the contact end face of the guide sleeve and the main piston through the structure innovation, when the main piston is pulled to the longest position, rigid collision of the main piston and the end face of the guide sleeve can be effectively prevented through gap throttling generated by hydraulic limiting, and damage to products caused by chips is avoided.
5. According to the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure provided by the invention, the taper of the conical surface at the lower part of the piston rod is usually designed to be 1:8-1:10, and structural topology optimization proves that the local stress concentration of the piston rod can be reduced to the minimum, the stress environment is improved, and the piston rod and the knuckle arm can be tightly matched to the greatest extent. In addition, the included angle between the central axis of the piston rod or the cylinder barrel and the bottom plane of the connecting plate is usually set to be 0-3 degrees, and the lateral force born by the suspension system at the static balance position can be reduced to the minimum through dynamic modeling analysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a first version of a hydro-pneumatic suspension;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the hydrocarbon suspension;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the hydro-pneumatic suspension;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the hydrocarbon suspension;
FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of the guide sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of a pilot gland;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of the pilot gland;
FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view of the master piston;
FIG. 9 is a left side view of the master piston;
FIG. 10 is a front cross-sectional view of a second alternative hydro-pneumatic suspension.
In the figure: 1. the piston rod assembly includes a cylinder barrel, 2, a piston rod, 3, a guide gland, 4, a steel ball, 5, a main piston, 6, a conical surface, 7, a lubrication hole, 8, a guide sleeve, 9, a piston bolt, 10, a piston rod inner hole, 11, a drain hole, 12, an inflatable valve, 14, an upper end cover, 15, a throttle small hole, 16, a throttle large hole, 17, a guide sleeve bolt, 18, a drain hole, 19, a relief valve, 21, a face screw hole, 30, a lubrication groove, 31, a guide through hole, 32, a first guide belt, 33, a first static seal, 34, a protective ring, 35, a dust ring, 36, a first oil seal, 37, a second oil seal, 38, a second guide belt, 39, a guide boss A,40, a guide annular cavity, 41, a second static seal, 42, a guide boss B,43, an outer guide belt, 44, a third static seal, 45, a guide drain hole, 46, a guide oil hole, 47, a connecting plate, 48, a reinforcing rib 49, a key groove, 50, a plate through hole, 51, a piston inner hole, 52, a ring end surface, 53, a piston boss, a ring-shaped boss, and 55.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention designs a candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension structure, which has wide application prospect in steering axles in the fields of mining machinery and multi-axle heavy carrier vehicles as shown in figures 1,2,3, 8 and 9. The upper end of the cylinder barrel 1 is fixedly connected with the upper end cover 14 through bolts, welding or threaded connection, the piston rod 2 is of a hollow structure, and a piston rod inner hole 10 is machined; the lower end of the hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinder barrel 1 is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve 8 and a guide gland 3, the guide sleeve 8 and the guide gland 3 are of hollow annular structures, a piston rod 2 is matched with inner holes of the guide sleeve 8 and the guide gland 3, a guide boss B42 is processed at the outer end face of the guide sleeve 8, and the guide boss B42 is matched with a step in the inner hole of the cylinder barrel 1 to realize axial limit of the guide sleeve 8, so that the guide sleeve 8 is prevented from moving towards the inside of the cylinder barrel 1 in the moving process of the piston rod 2; the guide gland 3 is tightly contacted with the outer end surface of the guide sleeve 8 and is used for compacting the guide sleeve 8; the guide gland 3 is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the cylinder barrel 1 through guide sleeve bolts 17 which are circumferentially arranged; the piston rod 2 and the main piston 5 with the annular structure are fixedly connected together through piston bolts 9 with the end faces circumferentially arranged, and the piston rod and the main piston can be processed by a threaded connection or an integral forging forming method; the outer circle of the piston rod 2 is matched with the piston inner hole 51 of the main piston 5, the upper end of the piston inner hole 51 is provided with an annular end face 52, the inner diameter of the annular end face 52 is not smaller than the diameter of the piston rod inner hole 10, after the piston rod 2 is assembled into the piston inner hole 51, the top end of the piston rod 2 is fully contacted with the side face of the annular end face 52, and the axial limit of the main piston 5 is realized; at the same time, a circumferential piston through hole 53 is processed on the annular end surface 52 of the main piston 5, a circumferential threaded hole is processed on the top end of the corresponding piston rod 2 contacted with the annular end surface 52, and the piston is fixedly connected through a piston bolt 9 after being aligned during assembly. The outer circumference of the main piston 5 is provided with a guide belt.
The radial damping valve is processed at the boundary position of the outer circle of the piston rod 2 matched with the main piston 5, and is generally composed of a one-way valve and a normal through hole, the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity is communicated with the inner hole 10 of the piston rod, and the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity with the inner hole 10 of the piston rod. The normal through hole is formed by connecting a throttling small hole 15 and a throttling large hole 16 in series, wherein the throttling small hole 15 is close to the inner hole 10 of the piston rod, and oil liquid in the rodless cavity sequentially enters the rod-shaped annular cavity through the throttling small hole 15 and the throttling large hole 16, so that damping throttling is generated. The one-way valve is characterized in that a steel ball 4 is added into a normal through hole, the diameter of the steel ball 4 is between the diameter of a small throttling hole 15 and the diameter of a large throttling hole 16, and the steel ball 4 is prevented from falling out of the normal through hole by limiting through the hole wall of a piston inner hole 51 of a main piston 5, and the area of the piston inner hole 51 covering the large throttling hole 16 is not more than half of the cross section area of the large throttling hole 16.
When the hydro-pneumatic suspension piston rod 2 is compressed, the steel ball 4 is jacked by oil, and the oil in the rodless cavity can enter the rod cavity through the normal through hole and the one-way valve at the same time; when the hydro-pneumatic suspension piston rod 2 is in a restoring and stretching state, the steel ball 4 is impacted downwards by oil liquid, the throttle small hole 15 can be blocked, the oil liquid can only enter the rodless cavity through the normal through hole, and then larger damping force values are generated to attenuate vibration from the ground, namely, the proportion adjustment of suspension compression and restoring stroke damping force values is conveniently realized through simple structural design.
The outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod 2 is processed into a conical surface 6 structure, the conical degree is 1:8-1:10, the conical surface 6 of the piston rod 2 is inserted into a conical hole of a knuckle arm when the suspension system is installed, a circumferential end surface threaded hole 21 is processed at the lower end surface 22 of the piston rod, the piston rod and the knuckle arm are fastened and assembled together through bolts, and when a vehicle turns, synchronous rotation movement of the piston rod 2 along with the knuckle arm can be realized. The oil drain holes 11 are formed in the center of the lower end face 22 of the piston rod 2, the number of the oil drain holes 11 can be designed according to actual requirements, the oil drain holes 11 are communicated with the inner hole 10 of the piston rod, the plug is sealed through the plug, and the plug is opened when oil is required to be drained, and the oil in the cylinder barrel can be conveniently drained due to the fact that the oil drain holes 11 are located at the lower end of the oil-gas suspension.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, a bleed port 18 is formed at the top end of the upper end cap 14 of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, which communicates with the rodless chamber oil chamber, and when the hydro-pneumatic suspension is filled with oil by the inflation valve 13, the bleed port 18 is opened to sufficiently discharge air in the cylinder, and the cylinder is sealed by a screw plug after the completion of the filling. An inflation valve 13 is further arranged on the upper end cover 14 and is communicated with the rodless cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension for inflating and deflating the hydro-pneumatic medium, and an inflation bonnet 12 is further arranged at the top end of the inflation valve 13 and is used for preventing the inflation valve 13 from being knocked and damaged, and the inflation bonnet 12 is connected with the upper end cover 14 through threads.
As shown in fig. 1, 5,6,7 and 8, an annular guide boss a39 is processed at one end of the guide sleeve 8, which is close to the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, the inner diameter of the guide boss is larger than the diameter of the piston rod 2, a guide annular cavity 40 is formed between the guide boss and the inner hole of the piston rod 2, a piston annular boss 54 is processed at the end face of the main piston 5, which faces the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, corresponding to the guide boss, and when the piston rod 2 is pulled to the longest position, the piston annular boss 54 enters the guide annular cavity 40, and hydraulic buffering limit is formed by extruding oil liquid, so that rigid collision between the main piston 5 and the guide sleeve 8 is prevented. A first guide belt 32, a first oil seal 36 and a second oil seal 37 are sequentially assembled in the inner hole of the guide sleeve 8 outwards from the oil gas suspension rod cavity, and the first guide belt 32 is arranged in front of the series oil seals and is close to the oil gas suspension rod cavity for improving the lubrication environment by adopting a structure of connecting the two oil seals in series; a first static seal 33 and a second static seal 41 are sequentially arranged at the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 from the side of the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, and a protection ring 34 is arranged at the low pressure side of the sealing groove of the first static seal 33; the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 is matched with the inner hole of the cylinder barrel 1, so that the first static seal 33 and the second static seal 41 are extruded and deformed to achieve the aim of sealing high-pressure oil and liquid.
A lubrication groove 30, a second guide belt 38 and a dust ring 35 are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the guide gland 3 outwards from the guide sleeve 8, a guide oil injection hole 46, a guide air release hole 45, a third static seal 44 and an outer guide belt 43 are arranged at the outer circle of the guide gland 3 outwards from the guide sleeve 8, wherein the guide oil injection hole 46 and the guide air release hole 45 are positioned on the inner side of the third static seal 44 and are communicated with the lubrication groove 30, and the lubrication groove 30 is positioned between the second oil seal 37 and the second guide belt 38; in addition, a lubrication hole 7 and a pressure relief valve 19 are respectively arranged at the radial corresponding positions of the cylinder barrel 1, wherein the lubrication hole 7 is communicated with a guide oil filling hole 46, the pressure relief valve 19 is communicated with a guide air release hole 45, the lubrication hole 7 is used for being connected with a centralized lubrication pipeline of a vehicle, lubricating grease can be regularly replenished to a lubrication groove 30 on the guide gland 3, and air in the lubrication groove 30 is fully discharged when the pressure relief valve 19 is used for filling the lubricating grease, so that the lubricating grease is ensured to be filled.
A connecting plate 47 is welded on the outer side of the cylinder barrel 1, a certain number of reinforcing ribs 48 are welded between the connecting plate 47 and the cylinder barrel 1 and used for enhancing the connection strength of the cylinder barrel 1 and the connecting plate 47, and a certain number of plate through holes 50 are processed on the connecting plate 47 and used for being fastened and connected with a vehicle body through bolts; the back of the connecting plate 47 is provided with a key slot 49 for being matched with a key on a car body to be installed, and the key slot is used for counteracting shearing force applied to a bolt when the hydro-pneumatic suspension bears force.
The candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension is vertically installed on a vehicle and fixedly connected with the vehicle body through the connecting plate 47, the cylinder barrel 1 and the piston rod 2 play a role of hanging a master pin, the conical surface 6 at the lower end of the piston rod 2 is directly inserted into the knuckle arm for connecting wheels, and the stress of a suspension system is completely borne by a hydro-pneumatic suspension body without an additional guide mechanism, so the candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension has the characteristic of simple structure, has a wide prospect in the front axle of the mine field, and generally sets the included angle between the central axis of the piston rod 2 and the bottom plane of the connecting plate 47 to be 0-3 degrees in order to enable the lateral force borne by the piston rod 2 in the moving process to reach the optimal state.
As shown in fig. 10, which is a cross-sectional view of the hydro-pneumatic suspension of the second scheme, compared with the hydro-pneumatic suspension of the first scheme, the hydro-pneumatic suspension of the first scheme is mainly different in that the inner hole of the cylinder barrel 1 is a smooth hole, the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 is a cylindrical surface, the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 can be directly assembled into the inner hole of the cylinder barrel 1, the surface of the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 is provided with a first static seal 33 and a second static seal 41, the outer circle of the guide sleeve 8 is matched with the inner hole of the cylinder barrel 1, the compression of the first static seal 33 and the second static seal 41 is realized, and the leakage of high-pressure oil in the cylinder barrel 1 is prevented.
The invention particularly emphasizes that the guide sleeve 8 and the guide gland 3 are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinder barrel 1, namely, the guide sleeve 8 and the guide gland 3 adopt a split structure, thereby being convenient for controlling the form and position tolerance precision of structural member processing, being convenient for disassembly and assembly and replacement and obviously reducing the processing cost. Meanwhile, as the high-pressure seal is arranged on the guide sleeve 8, even if the lower end of the piston rod 2 is bumped, scratched and the like, the sealing performance of the hydro-pneumatic suspension is not affected, and the leakage resistance of the product is greatly improved.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a candle type hydro-pneumatic suspension, includes cylinder (1), piston rod (2), direction gland (3), master piston (5), uide bushing (8), upper end cover (14), uide bushing bolt (17), its characterized in that: the upper end of the cylinder barrel (1) is fixedly connected with the upper end cover (14) in a welding or threaded connection mode, the piston rod (2) is of a hollow structure, and an inner hole (10) of the piston rod is machined; the lower end of the cylinder barrel (1) is sequentially provided with a guide sleeve (8) and a guide gland (3), the guide sleeve (8) and the guide gland (3) are of hollow annular structures, a piston rod (2) is matched with inner holes of the guide sleeve (8) and the guide gland (3), the guide gland (3) is tightly contacted with the outer end face of the guide sleeve (8), and the guide gland (3) is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the cylinder barrel (1) through guide sleeve bolts (17) which are circumferentially arranged; the piston rod (2) is connected with the main piston (5); a radial damping valve is processed on the outer circle of the piston rod (2), and the radial damping valve consists of a one-way valve and a normal through hole; the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity is communicated with the piston rod inner hole (10), and the one-way valve and the normal through hole of the damping valve are used for communicating the hydro-pneumatic suspension rod cavity with the piston rod inner hole (10); the outer circle of the lower part of the piston rod (2) is processed into a conical surface (6) structure;
A guide boss B (42) is processed at the outer side end surface of the guide sleeve (8) and is matched with a step in the inner hole of the cylinder barrel (1) to realize the axial limit of the guide sleeve (8);
the inner hole of the cylinder barrel (1) is a unthreaded hole, the outer circle of the guide sleeve (8) is a cylindrical surface, and the guide sleeve can be directly assembled into the inner hole of the cylinder barrel (1).
2. A candle stick as in any one of claims 1 wherein: an annular guide boss A (39) is processed at one end, close to a rod cavity, of the guide sleeve (8), the inner diameter of the guide boss A is larger than the diameter of the piston rod (2), a guide annular cavity (40) is formed between the guide sleeve and an inner hole of the piston rod (2), a piston annular boss (54) is processed at the end face, facing the rod cavity, of the hydro-pneumatic spring, of the main piston (5) corresponding to the guide sleeve, and when the piston rod (2) is pulled to the longest position, the piston annular boss (54) enters the guide annular cavity (40).
3. A candle stick according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein: a first guide belt (32), a first oil seal (36) and a second oil seal (37) are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the guide sleeve (8) from one side of the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, and the first guide belt (32) is arranged in front of the first oil seal (36) and the second oil seal (37) which are connected in series and is close to the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension; a first static seal (33) and a second static seal (41) are sequentially arranged at the outer circle of the guide sleeve (8) from the side of the rod cavity of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, and a protection ring (34) is arranged at the low pressure side of the sealing groove of the first static seal (33); the outer circle of the guide sleeve (8) is matched with the inner hole of the cylinder barrel (1), so that the first static seal (33) and the second static seal (41) are extruded and deformed.
4. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: a lubrication groove (30), a second guide belt (38) and a dust ring (35) are sequentially arranged in an inner hole of the guide gland (3) from one side of the guide sleeve (8), a guide oil injection hole (46), a guide air release hole (45), a third static seal (44) and an outer guide belt (43) are arranged at the outer circle of the guide gland (3) from one side of the guide sleeve (8), wherein the guide oil injection hole (46) and the guide air release hole (45) are both positioned at the inner side of the third static seal (44), the outer guide belt (43) is positioned at the outer side of the third static seal (44) and communicated with the lubrication groove (30), and the lubrication groove (30) is positioned between the second oil seal (37) and the second guide belt (38); a lubrication hole (7) and a pressure relief valve (19) are respectively arranged at the radial corresponding positions of the cylinder barrel (1), wherein the lubrication hole (7) is communicated with a guide oil filling hole (46), the pressure relief valve (19) is communicated with a guide air release hole (45), and the lubrication hole (7) is used for being connected with a centralized lubrication pipeline of a vehicle.
5. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: the outer circle of the piston rod (2) is matched with a piston inner hole (51) of the main piston (5), an annular end face (52) is processed at the upper end of the piston inner hole (51), the inner diameter of the annular end face (52) is not smaller than the diameter of the piston rod inner hole (10), and after the piston rod (2) is assembled into the piston inner hole (51), the top end of the piston rod is contacted with the side face of the annular end face (52); a circumferential piston through hole (53) is processed on the annular end surface (52) of the main piston (5), a circumferential threaded hole is processed at the top end of the corresponding piston rod (2) contacted with the annular end surface (52), and the piston through hole (53) is fixedly connected with the circumferential threaded hole through a piston bolt (9) after being aligned with the circumferential threaded hole during assembly; the outer circle of the main piston (5) is provided with a guide belt.
6. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: the constant through hole is formed by connecting a throttling small hole (15) and a throttling large hole (16) in series, wherein the throttling small hole (15) is close to the inner hole (10) of the piston rod, and oil liquid of the rodless cavity sequentially enters the rod cavity through the throttling small hole (15) and the throttling large hole (16); the one-way valve is characterized in that a steel ball (4) is added in the normal through hole, the diameter of the steel ball (4) is between the diameter of the throttling small hole (15) and the diameter of the throttling large hole (16), and the steel ball (4) is prevented from falling out of the normal through hole by limiting the hole wall of a piston inner hole (51) of the main piston (5), and the area of the piston inner hole (51) covering the throttling large hole (16) is not more than half of the cross section area of the throttling large hole (16).
7. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: the taper of the conical surface (6) at the lower part of the piston rod (2) is 1:8-1:10; a circumferential end face threaded hole (21) is formed in the lower end face (22) of the piston rod, and the piston rod and the knuckle arm are fastened and assembled together through bolts.
8. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: an oil drain hole (11) is formed in the center of the lower end face (22) of the piston rod (2), and the oil drain hole (11) is communicated with the inner hole (10) of the piston rod and sealed through a plug.
9. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: a deflation port (18) is processed at the upper end cover (14) of the hydro-pneumatic suspension, is communicated with the rodless cavity oil chamber, is sealed by a screw plug, is provided with an inflation valve (13) on the upper end cover (14), and is communicated with the hydro-pneumatic suspension rodless cavity; an inflatable bonnet (12) is arranged at the top end of the inflatable valve (13), and the inflatable bonnet (12) is connected with the upper end cover (14) through threads.
10. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: a connecting plate (47) is welded on the outer side of the cylinder barrel (1), a certain number of reinforcing ribs (48) are welded between the connecting plate (47) and the cylinder barrel (1), and a certain number of plate through holes (50) are processed on the connecting plate (47); a key groove (49) is formed in the back surface of the connecting plate (47); the included angle between the central axis of the piston rod (2) and the bottom plane of the connecting plate (47) is set to be 0-3 degrees.
11. A candle stick as in claim 1 wherein: the piston rod (2) and the main piston (5) are processed by a threaded connection or an integral forging method.
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| CN112797103B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2024-06-11 | 广东顺德胜上智能家居有限公司 | Air damper |
| CN113124083B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-09-16 | 北京科技大学 | Hydro-pneumatic spring and car |
| CN113276749A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-08-20 | 内蒙古幸汇国创重工有限公司 | Integrated modularized dumper suspension module, driving module and dumper applying same |
| CN114458675B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2024-08-02 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Positioning bolt cylinder and positioning system |
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