CN110172463B - 飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因dsRNA在害虫防治中的应用 - Google Patents
飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因dsRNA在害虫防治中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3‑5'基因dsRNA在害虫防治中的应用,其中公开了一种Knickkopf 3‑5'基因,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示序列;还公开了一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3‑5'基因片段及其dsRNA,基因片段的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:6所示序列。将设计并合成的dsRNA注入飞蝗体内,飞蝗出现蜕皮困难致死及成虫翅膀卷曲两种表型,且半数卷翅成虫七日内死亡,表型率达到90%。本发明筛选获得的Knickkopf 3‑5'基因可作为飞蝗防治的重要分子靶标,为害虫绿色防治提供了新途径。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,具体涉及飞蝗表皮蛋白基因Knickkopf 3-5′(LmKnk3-5')及其dsRNA(dsLmKnk3-5')在害虫防治中的应用。
背景技术
农业害虫是制约我国农作物高产的重要因素。目前,我国防治农业害虫的主要方法是化学法,即使用化学杀虫剂农药。长期大量施用农药会严重破坏农业生态环境并最终危害人类的健康,同时农药对非靶标生物也有较大影响,而传统生物防治法杀虫时间较长且效果缓慢。因此,迫切需要开发环境友好的绿色害虫防控技术。
2006年获诺贝尔奖的RNA干扰(RNAi)技术,是一种由双链RNA分子引起的特异性转录后基因沉默技术。该技术为基因功能、人类疾病治疗和作物害虫防治等方面的研究都开辟了新途径。利用该技术进行害虫防治具有抗虫专一性高、对非靶标生物及高等动物和人类安全性好、环境中易降解、残留低等优势。研究表明,RNA干扰技术可有效控制特定的农作物害虫,在害虫防治领域具有非常重要的应用前景。而实现基于该技术进行害虫防控的关键是筛选出对害虫高效致死的特异dsRNA。
昆虫表皮的主要作用是保护昆虫免受外界机械损伤和病原菌侵害,对昆虫生长发育至关重要。飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因参与飞蝗表皮形成,其沉默可导致飞蝗表皮变薄,出现蜕皮困难致死及成虫翅膀卷曲的现象。因此,本发明基于RNAi技术,提供了一种对人类及环境友好,特异性强的新型害虫防治分子靶标。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA及其在害虫防治中的应用。
本发明提供一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示序列。其获得方法如下:(1)飞蝗转录组数据库中搜索获得相关片段(2)primer premier5.0设计上游引物SEQ ID NO:2和下游引物SEQ ID NO:3,PCR扩增(3)纯化PCR产物并将其与pEASY-blunt zero载体连接后转入Trans1-T1感受态细胞中培养(4)挑斑、检测、送公司测序(5)测序结果与转录组搜索结果比对,验证并获得该基因的核苷酸全长为1434bp,核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。
本发明提供一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段及基于该片段合成的dsRNA的获得方法,具体获得过程如下:(1)一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段的获得。基于飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因的核苷酸序列,采用引物设计软件primer premier5.0设计一对含有T7启动子的上游引物SEQ ID NO:4和下游引物SEQ ID NO:5;以上述引物及飞蝗Knickkopf3-5′基因全长质粒为原料进行PCR扩增,之后经产物纯化回收获得一段长度为383bp的DNA片段,即得到一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段。其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:6所示序列,两端均含有T7启动子。(2)dsRNA合成。根据Promega公司的体外转录试剂盒(T7RiboMAXTMExpress RNAi System)的方法,以上述获得的383bp的DNA片段为模板合成dsRNA。
本发明提供一种基于飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA在飞蝗防治中的应用及其致死机理研究。具体过程如下:(1)试虫表型观察。使用微量进样器将合成的dsRNA注射进入飞蝗体腔内,144h后检测其mRNA表达量并观察蜕皮前后表型变化。结果表明注射dsLmKnk3-5'后,LmKnk3-5'基因表达量显著降低,飞蝗出现蜕皮困难致死及成虫翅膀卷曲两种表型,且半数卷翅成虫七日内死亡。(2)致死原因研究:将dsGFP(对照组)和dsLmKnk3-5'(处理组)注射进入飞蝗体腔内,待其正在蜕皮时,将表皮三腹节解剖下来进行固定,采用透射电镜方法揭示dsLmKnk3-5'对飞蝗的致死原因。结果表明,与对照组相比,处理组虫体的表皮厚度较对照组明显变薄。
本发明的有益效果:飞蝗注射Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA后,出现两种致死情况。一种表现为背部脊线开裂,但虫体难以从旧表皮蜕出致死;第二种表现为成功蜕至成虫,但翅卷曲、身体孱弱、其中半数早亡;总计表型率90%,死亡率达60%。因此,本发明所筛选的飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA对飞蝗有较高的致死作用,且可影响飞蝗的迁飞能力,对飞蝗防治具有非常重要的意义,可作为绿色害虫防治的新的分子靶标。
附图说明
图1:飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因全长cDNA的琼脂糖凝胶电泳核酸检测图(M泳道为DL5000DNA Marker,从上到下条带大小依次为5000、3000、2000、1500、1000、750、500、250、100bp,1泳道为飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因全长cDNA)
图2:飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA注入飞蝗体腔144h后,飞蝗Knickkopf3-5'基因的mRNA表达图(dsGFP为对照组,dsLmKnk3-5'为处理组,β-actin为内参基因,**P<0.01)。
图3:飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA对飞蝗5龄若虫蜕皮的影响(dsGFP为对照组,dsLmKnk3-5'为处理组)。处理组飞蝗出现蜕皮困难致死和成虫卷翅两种表型。
图4:飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA对飞蝗表皮超微结构的影响。处理组飞蝗表皮较对照组明显变薄。图为透射电镜放大6000倍观察结果,nc所示为飞蝗新表皮层。
具体实施方式
实施例1:飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因全长cDNA获得
1.从飞蝗转录组数据库中进行搜索,后采用NCBI Blastx在线软件进行分析,确定获得1条飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因序列。
2.采用primer premier5.0软件分别设计上游引物ATGGAGGCCCGCACGTGCA(SEQ IDNO:2)和下游引物CTACTTCTGCTGCTGGTAGT(SEQ ID NO:3)。将设计好的引物送往生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成。
3.选取大小均一、生长状况良好的飞蝗5龄若虫,将其表皮迅速剥离,并保存于液氮中后,按照TaKaRa Trizol试剂盒方法提取RNA,并采用M-MLV反转录酶将其反转录为第一链cDNA作为飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因全长序列扩增所需模板。
4.以上述引物和模板为原料进行PCR扩增,并采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对其大小进行检测(图1)。将该PCR产物通过Gel Extroaction Kit(Omega)纯化后与pEASY-blunt zero(全式金公司)载体连接并转入Trans1-T1感受态细胞中过夜培养,次日挑取菌斑并接入LB液体培养基中培养,菌落PCR检测后,将含有目的条带大小的菌液送北京华大基因生物有限公司进行测序,测序结果与转录组搜索结果进行比对,确认并获得该基因全长cDNA,大小为1434bp,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。
实施例2:飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段dsRNA的获得
1.基于飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因的核苷酸序列SEQ ID NO:1,采用primerpremier5.0软件设计1对合成dsRNA所需上下游引物,taatacgactcactatagggCGTCTCGCGGTTCCTTCCGGTTC(SEQID NO:4)和taatacgactcactatagggTACTTCTGCTGCTGGTAGTTTGC(SEQ IDNO:5),斜体部分为T7启动子。将引物送往上海生工生物工程有限公司合成。
2.以上述引物和飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′全长质粒为原料进行PCR扩增,得到一段长为383bp的片段。其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列,两端均含有T7启动子。产物经Gel Extraction Kit(Omega)纯化后,使用NaNoDrop 2000(Thermo scientific)对其进行定量并作为dsRNA合成的模板。
3.采用T7RiboMAXTM Express RNAi System(Promega)试剂盒将上述获得的合成dsRNA的模板进行体外转录,即获得dsRNA。对其进行定量(NaNoDrop 2000),保存于-80℃超级低温冰箱中备用。
实施例3:飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因片段合成的dsRNA对飞蝗的致死实验
1.dsRNA的注射
挑选100头发育良好、体型均一的飞蝗五龄第一天若虫,用于dsRNA注射。注射dsGFP的虫体设为对照组,注射dsLmKnk3-5'的虫体设立为处理组,对照组与处理组各注50头,雌雄各半。采用微量注射器将20μg的dsRNA顺着飞蝗腹部第二腹节注入飞蝗体腔内。注射完毕后,将两组若虫分别置于30cm X 30cm的纱笼中,给与相同的条件(光照:黑暗时间=14h:10h,温度30±2℃,湿度60%)饲养,每日供给足量的新鲜麦苗及麦麸。
2.飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5′基因mRNA表达检测
dsRNA注射进入飞蝗体内144h后,分别从处理组和对照组中挑取18头5龄若虫,解剖、取其腹部2、3体节表皮,快速冻于液氮中。每3头一个重复,共设6个生物学重复。之后采用TaKaRa Trizol试剂盒提取RNA,并采用M-MLV反转录酶将所提RNA反转录成第一链cDNA。采用Real-time PCR方法分别检测目的基因(LmKnk 3-5')和管家基因(β-actin)的mRNA表达,从而对其沉默效率进行比较分析。结果如图2所示,与对照组相比,实验组中目的基因LmKnk 3-5'的mRNA表达显著降低。
3.注射dsLmKnk3-5'后对飞蝗五龄若虫蜕皮发育的影响
注射dsGFP的对照组在5龄第8天全部成功蜕去旧表皮,且蜕皮成功的成虫均可以健康生长。注射dsLmKnk3-5'的处理组若虫同样在第8天出现蜕皮现象,但其中30%的试虫表现出脊线开裂、难以蜕去旧表皮死亡的表型;60%的试虫成功蜕皮至成虫,但翅出现不同程度的褶皱卷曲,其中有一半卷翅成虫七天内死亡(图3),总计表型率90%,死亡率达到60%。
实施例4:注射dsLmKnk3-5'后对其表皮结构的影响
将合成的dsGFP(对照组)和dsLmKnk3-5'(处理组)于五龄第一天分别注射进入飞蝗体内,待其正在蜕皮时,快速解剖并取第三腹节表皮固定于3%戊二醛中。经缓冲液漂洗后,进一步固定于1%饿酸中,之后采用环氧树脂包埋,超薄切片,双染色后,进行超微结构观察。结果如图4所示,与对照组相比,处理组飞蝗表皮的厚度明显变薄。
序列表
<110> 山西大学
<120> 飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5'基因dsRNA在害虫防治中的应用
<160> 6
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 1434
<212> DNA
<213> 飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)
<400> 1
atggaggccc gcacgtgcaa gctgctattg cggctgttcc tcgcagtcgc cgctctcgga 60
ctgggcgaag cagcgcagcc ctactacggg aagtacatcg gcaagctgaa gaccctccac 120
cacggcgtca cgggcgaggt gtacgccgtg gacgcgcgca cgctacacat cagggacttc 180
agctacgatg gagaaggacc agcggcgttc ttctgggccg gagacaccaa gagccccagc 240
agctacggct tcaaggtgaa cgacgagaaa ggaacaacga acgtgctctc tcgctaccgc 300
aagaagcaca taacggtcac cctgccggac aacaagaccc tcagggacat caagtggttc 360
tccgtgtggt gcgacgaatt cgccgttaac ttcggagacg tgaaaatccc gaagaacttc 420
gattacccga aaccgcagaa gatcgatcct ctggacggcg tgcatgctgt gtcttcagac 480
aacatcgtca tcgtcgacgc gcaaacgctc ctggttccca acttctcgta cgatggtgaa 540
gctccagacg ccaagttctg ggtgggtcgc ggcagcaagc ccagctcgca gggcatccgc 600
gtgccggacg agaacgggcg cgaggagccg ctgcggcgct acgaccgcaa gacgctggtg 660
ctgacgctgc ccgccgacct caccgtgcac gaggtgggac acttcggcgt ctggtgcgag 720
gcgttcgccg tcgacttcgg ccacgtgcgc ctgcccgcca acgtcaacgt gccgccctcg 780
ctcaagatgc tcggcgtctc cgcgcagaaa agaccgagat ctcccgaatt atcccaaatt 840
cttcaacagt acgatctgca acagctcgcg tcccagccgc tcagcggcgt cgctgacggt 900
agcgccacga acggtttcga ccagggccac cagactaaca cctactacaa ccaacaacaa 960
caacaacagc accatcaaca acaacagcac cacgttccct cgggccccgc cccccgcgct 1020
tacgacacgg agcagaacgt cggttctggc gcgctgtacc gggagcaagt gcgcgccacc 1080
acgtacaaac cgtctcgcgg ttccttccgg ttcagggact ccgccgccga gtcgacgtcg 1140
gtgcagatcg tgccgtcggt gtcgctaacg ccggaagagt tgcgcgagca acacgagcag 1200
gagcagcaac aactgcaaca acagcaacaa caacagcagc ggcagaggca gcagccgcgg 1260
cgcggcggcc acgctcgcca gcaacaacag tatttcgagc agcaggaggc agaggacgcg 1320
tccgaggccc agagacgcgc agacgtcgac ggcgcggagc tgtcgtacac ggggcagcgc 1380
gcgcgcgcct cgcgccggca gcggggccgc gcaaactacc agcagcagaa gtag 1434
<210> 2
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)
<400> 2
atggaggccc gcacgtgca 19
<210> 3
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)
<400> 3
ctacttctgc tgctggtagt 20
<210> 4
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)
<400> 4
taatacgact cactataggg cgtctcgcgg ttccttccgg ttc 43
<210> 5
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)
<400> 5
taatacgact cactataggg tacttctgct gctggtagtt tgc 43
<210> 6
<211> 383
<212> DNA
<213> 飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)
<400> 6
taatacgact cactataggg cgtctcgcgg ttccttccgg ttcagggact ccgccgccga 60
gtcgacgtcg gtgcagatcg tgccgtcggt gtcgctaacg ccggaagagt tgcgcgagca 120
acacgagcag gagcagcaac aactgcaaca acagcaacaa caacagcagc ggcagaggca 180
gcagccgcgg cgcggcggcc acgctcgcca gcaacaacag tatttcgagc agcaggaggc 240
agaggacgcg tccgaggccc agagacgcgc agacgtcgac ggcgcggagc tgtcgtacac 300
ggggcagcgc gcgcgcgcct cgcgccggca gcggggccgc gcaaactacc agcagcagaa 360
gtataatacg actcactata ggg 383
Claims (4)
1.一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5'基因,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示序列。
2.一种飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5'基因片段,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:6所示序列。
3.如权利要求2所述的飞蝗Knickkopf 3-5'基因片段合成的dsRNA。
4.如权利要求3所述的dsRNA在飞蝗防治中的应用。
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