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CN110091551A - A kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110091551A
CN110091551A CN201810092942.5A CN201810092942A CN110091551A CN 110091551 A CN110091551 A CN 110091551A CN 201810092942 A CN201810092942 A CN 201810092942A CN 110091551 A CN110091551 A CN 110091551A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
composite material
rail vehicle
vehicle inner
glue film
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201810092942.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN110091551B (en
Inventor
姜猛进
叶光斗
刘鹏清
钱振地
陈逊
陈刚
王九庆
王九龙
吴元文
陈宝林
陈幼林
黄廣
邓玉竹
王光亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chengdu Tianfu Rail Valley Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Chengdu Tianfu Rail Valley Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810092942.5A priority Critical patent/CN110091551B/en
Publication of CN110091551A publication Critical patent/CN110091551A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110091551B publication Critical patent/CN110091551B/en
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    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
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    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
    • D06M15/233—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated aromatic, e.g. styrene
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    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
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    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material and preparation method thereof, the composite material is successively combined by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, top panel from bottom to top；The top panel and lower panel are solidified by thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth；The honeycomb core is compound polyimide fibers honeycomb, and the compound polyimide fiber includes polyimide fiber, polystyrene resin, basalt fibre, cyclodextrin, water absorbent gel, graphene；The glue film is that surface density is 100-400g/m2Semi-solid preparation epoxy resin glue film, one of semi-solid preparation tego film.The present invention is used for the composite material of rail vehicle inner wall decoration, using thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth-compound polyimide fibers honeycomb-thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth structure, structural strength is high, have many advantages, such as that high-strength light, waterproof, fire protection flame retarding, compressive property are good, improves the safety of rail vehicle inner wall decoration.

Description

A kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the automobile-used Material Fields of rail traffic, specifically, being to be related to a kind of rail vehicle inner wall decoration Composite material and preparation method.
Background technique
New diseases are that high-speed magnetic levitation vehicle realizes light-weighted main and most effective approach, are that development is high One of most important key technology of fast track train.For material, in addition to requiring lightweight, it is necessary to have higher strong The performances such as degree, modulus, toughness, wear-resisting, endurance, ageing-resistant, fire-retardant.Sandwich structure composite material have big bending stiffness/ Weight ratio, big bending strength/weight ratio and good sound-absorption and heat-insulation performance, are widely used in the inner wall of track train Decorative wall panels.
Sandwich structure composite material is generally made of sandwich layer, panel, adhesive etc., and wherein core material includes timber, bubble Foam material, cellular material etc., panel material include aluminium sheet, carbon fiber composite board, fiberglass composite plate etc..Italian ETR500 On type bullet train, inner wall decorative wall panels use high specific stiffness composite sandwich plate, and (panel coats polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for surface Glass fiber laminate, sandwich layer is paper honeycomb)；Stockholm, SWE subway train side wall is that stainless steel sandwich presss from both sides PMI Foam cored structure, end carriage are embedded in sandwich structure；In recent years, application of South Korea's bullet train in meta-aramid honeycomb core plate Aspect is also developing, and starts largely to use meta-aramid cellular board；Urban rail transit in China train interior trim wallboard master It will be based on clad aluminium, aluminum honeycomb panel.
Core material disadvantage in the prior art: aramid fiber honeycomb core interlayer composite material moisture absorption or meet hydraulic performance it is serious under Drop, and can not repair；PEI, PMI woven foam sandwich composite material are at high cost, shear strength is low；Clad aluminium interlayer composite material Disadvantage: sandwich layer is usually polyethylene, and fire protecting performance is poor, has security risk；Aluminum honeycomb interlayer composite material: compare macromolecule Honeycomb quality weight and carbon fiber do not have " mechanics memory " simultaneously using that can be in contact corrosion, deform irrecoverable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite materials and preparation method thereof, to solve Existing rail vehicle inner wall ornament materials is there are moisture absorption or meets hydraulic performance degradation, and can not repair, fire protecting performance There is security risk in difference.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, from bottom to top successively by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, Top panel is combined；The top panel and lower panel are solidified by thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth；The honeycomb core is compound poly- Imide fiber honeycomb.
Specifically, the resin includes phenolic resin, any one in fire retarding epoxide resin, and the fiber cloth is glass Fiber plain cloth, glass fibre twill, carbon fiber plain cloth, carbon fiber twill, basalt fibre plain cloth, basalt are fine Tie up any one in twill.
Specifically, the upper and lower panel with a thickness of 0.2-2mm.
Specifically, the glue film is one or both of semi-solid preparation epoxy resin glue film, semi-solid preparation tego film Mixture, wherein the glue film surface density is 100-400g/m2。
Specifically, the density of the compound polyimide fibers honeycomb is 40-144kg/m3, cell side length is 1.83- 5.0mm, with a thickness of 5-50mm.
Specifically, the compound polyimide fiber includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 50-100 parts of polyimide fiber, 30-50 parts of polystyrene resin, 15-25 parts of basalt fibre, 10-20 parts of cyclodextrin, 5-10 parts of water absorbent gel, graphene 3-8 Part.Polystyrene resin, basalt fibre, cyclodextrin, water absorbent gel are added in the compound polyimide fiber, graphene gathers Styrene resin and basalt fibre, graphene form reticular structure on polyimide fiber surface jointly, enhance polyimides The mechanical property of fiber, while the water absorbent gel that cyclodextrin wraps up being wrapped in reticular structure, when compound polyimide fiber When material moisture absorption or chance water, the water absorbent gel for being coated on surface mesh structure takes the lead in avoiding polyimides fine moisture absorption Denapon, which meets water, leads to mechanical properties decrease, simultaneously because composite fibre material mutually winds encirclement, when fire generation, the object of formation Material moment burns into carbon shape structure, and the effect of moment extinguishing can be played to flame, to effectively organize fire spreading, plays fire prevention Effect.
Specifically, the compound polyimide fiber is prepared by the following method gained:
(1) polyimide fiber, polystyrene resin, basalt fibre are placed in blender by weight, in 60-80 DEG C stirring 10-20min；
(2) it will be uniformly mixed in mixture that graphene is added in step (1) by weight；
(3) cyclodextrin is dissolved in water and is made into the solution that mass concentration is 20-50%, water absorbent gel is added and is mixed to be formed Mixed liquor；
(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is added in step (2), continues to stir 10-30min, is sent into thermostatic chamber and protects Warm 10-20h, the temperature of thermostatic chamber are 70-100 DEG C, and filtration drying obtains the compound polyimide fiber.
Specifically, the step (1), (2), (3), mixing speed described in (4) are 100-500r/min.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation methods of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, including such as Lower step:
(1) drying of honeycomb core: compound polyimide fibers honeycomb is placed in baking oven, is started to warm up, at 100-120 DEG C Drying 2-16 hours；
(2) laying: the primary laying in a mold by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, top panel empties panel and glue Air between film；
(3) vacuum bag processed: the material completed is packaged using vacuum bag film, using sealing joint strip, is pasted on one side Die edge pastes vacuum bag edge on one side；
(4) solidify: the packaged material of step (c), which is slowly vacuumized, is bonded vacuum bag completely with material, then will Pressure in autoclave rises to 0.01-0.5MPa, is warming up to 80-180 DEG C with the rate of 1-5 DEG C/min, keeps 30-120min；
(5) demoulding: after the completion of solidification, being down to 60 DEG C hereinafter, autoclave pressure release and take out material to temperature, through demoulding, after Processing obtains the composite material.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) composite material of the present invention for rail vehicle inner wall decoration, using thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth-compound polyamides Imine fiber honeycomb-thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth structure, structural strength is high, has high-strength light, waterproof, fire protection flame retarding, resistance to compression The advantages that performance is good improves the safety of rail vehicle inner wall decoration.
(2) upper and lower plates of the thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth as composite material are used in the present invention, improve the structure of composite material Intensity meets lighting requirement simultaneously because resin, fiber cloth are light material, while resin, fiber cloth is not easy and other Corrosiveness occurs for material, extends the service life of composite material.
(3) honeycomb core of the present invention uses compound polyimide fiber, and addition flame retardant property is good in compound polyimide fiber Good polystyrene resin, improves the fire protecting performance of composite material, and the basalt fibre of addition, graphene collective effect are in polyamides Imine fiber surface forms reticular structure, and the water absorbent gel that cyclodextrin wraps up is wrapped in reticular structure, enhances polyimides The mechanical property of fiber improves the fire line and water absorbing properties of composite material.
(4) the Shear Strength of Composite Materials prepared by the present invention is 35-45MPa, climbing drum peel strength 5-14kN/m, horizontal drawing Intensity is 7-9MPa, has high-strength, high temperature resistant, lightweight, endothermic character, and fire protecting performance reaches EN45545-2 standard requirements, is applicable in It is decorated in rail vehicle inner wall.
(5) present invention is environment-friendly materials for the composite material of rail vehicle inner wall decoration, belongs to low volatility Green organic environmental-protection material, no pollution to the environment.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, and embodiments of the present invention include but is not limited to following reality Apply example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, from bottom to top successively by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, Top panel is combined；Wherein top panel is with a thickness of 0.2mm, top panel solidified by phenolic resin impregnated glass fiber plain cloth and At；Lower panel with a thickness of 0.2mm, lower panel is solidified by phenolic resin impregnated glass fiber twill；Glue film is that face is close Degree is 100g/m2Semi-solid preparation epoxy resin glue film；Honeycomb core is that density is 40kg/m3, cell side length is 1.83mm, with a thickness of 5mm Compound polyimide fibers honeycomb；
Wherein, compound polyimide fiber is prepared by the following method gained:
(1) 50 parts by weight polyimide fibers, 30 parts by weight polystyrene resins, 15 parts by weight basalt fibres are placed in In blender, in 60 DEG C of stirring 20min；
(2) it will be uniformly mixed in mixture that 3 parts by weight of graphite alkene are added in step (1)；
(3) 10 parts by weight of cyclodextrin are dissolved in water and are made into the solution that mass concentration is 20%, 5 parts of water absorbent gel mixing are added Stirring forms mixed liquor；
(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is added in step (2), continues to stir 10min, is sent into thermostatic chamber and keeps the temperature 10h, the temperature of thermostatic chamber are 100 DEG C, and filtration drying obtains the compound polyimide fiber.
The preparation method of above-mentioned rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, includes the following steps:
(1) drying of honeycomb core: compound polyimide fibers honeycomb being placed in baking oven, is started to warm up, and is dried at 100 DEG C 2 hours；
(2) laying: the primary laying in a mold by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, top panel empties panel and glue Air between film；
(3) vacuum bag processed: the material completed is packaged using vacuum bag film, using sealing joint strip, is pasted on one side Die edge pastes vacuum bag edge on one side；
(4) solidify: the packaged material of step (c), which is slowly vacuumized, is bonded vacuum bag completely with material, then will Pressure in autoclave rises to 0.01MPa, is warming up to 80 DEG C with the rate of 1 DEG C/min, keeps 120min；
(5) demoulding: after the completion of solidification, being down to 60 DEG C hereinafter, autoclave pressure release and take out material to temperature, through demoulding, after Processing obtains the composite material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, from bottom to top successively by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, Top panel is combined；Wherein top panel with a thickness of 1mm, top panel is solidified by fire retarding epoxide resin impregnation of carbon fibers plain cloth It forms；Lower panel with a thickness of 1mm, lower panel is solidified by fire retarding epoxide resin impregnation of carbon fibers twill；Glue film is face Density is 300g/m2Semi-solid preparation tego film；Honeycomb core is that density is 80kg/m3, cell side length is 3.0mm, with a thickness of The compound polyimide fibers honeycomb of 30mm；
Wherein, compound polyimide fiber is prepared by the following method gained:
(1) 80 parts by weight polyimide fibers, 40 parts by weight polystyrene resins, 20 parts by weight basalt fibres are placed in In blender, in 70 DEG C of stirring 15min；
(2) it will be uniformly mixed in mixture that 5 parts by weight of graphite alkene are added in step (1)；
(3) 15 parts by weight of cyclodextrin are dissolved in water and are made into the solution that mass concentration is 30%, 8 parts of water absorbent gel mixing are added Stirring forms mixed liquor；
(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is added in step (2), continues to stir 20min, is sent into thermostatic chamber and keeps the temperature 15h, the temperature of thermostatic chamber are 80 DEG C, and filtration drying obtains the compound polyimide fiber.
The preparation method of above-mentioned rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, includes the following steps:
(1) drying of honeycomb core: compound polyimide fibers honeycomb being placed in baking oven, is started to warm up, and is dried at 110 DEG C 10 hours；
(2) laying: the primary laying in a mold by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, top panel empties panel and glue Air between film；
(3) vacuum bag processed: the material completed is packaged using vacuum bag film, using sealing joint strip, is pasted on one side Die edge pastes vacuum bag edge on one side；
(4) solidify: the packaged material of step (c), which is slowly vacuumized, is bonded vacuum bag completely with material, then will Pressure in autoclave rises to 0.3MPa, is warming up to 150 DEG C with the rate of 3 DEG C/min, keeps 80min；
(5) demoulding: after the completion of solidification, being down to 60 DEG C hereinafter, autoclave pressure release and take out material to temperature, through demoulding, after Processing obtains the composite material.
Embodiment 3
A kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, from bottom to top successively by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, Top panel is combined；Wherein top panel with a thickness of 2mm, top panel is solidified by phenolic resin dipping basalt fibre plain cloth It forms；Lower panel with a thickness of 2mm, lower panel is solidified by fire retarding epoxide resin dipping basalt fibre twill；Glue film It is 400g/m for surface density2Semi-solid preparation tego film；Honeycomb core is that density is 144kg/m3, cell side length is 5.0mm, thick Degree is the compound polyimide fibers honeycomb of 50mm；
Wherein, compound polyimide fiber is prepared by the following method gained:
(1) 100 parts by weight polyimide fibers, 50 parts by weight polystyrene resins, 25 parts by weight basalt fibres are set In blender, in 80 DEG C of stirring 10min；
(2) it will be uniformly mixed in mixture that 8 parts by weight of graphite alkene are added in step (1)；
(3) 20 parts by weight of cyclodextrin are dissolved in water and are made into the solution that mass concentration is 50%, it is mixed that 10 parts of water absorbent gels are added It closes stirring and forms mixed liquor；
(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is added in step (2), continues to stir 30min, is sent into thermostatic chamber and keeps the temperature 20h, the temperature of thermostatic chamber are 70 DEG C, and filtration drying obtains the compound polyimide fiber.
The preparation method of above-mentioned rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, includes the following steps:
(1) drying of honeycomb core: compound polyimide fibers honeycomb being placed in baking oven, is started to warm up, and is dried at 120 DEG C 2 hours；
(2) laying: the primary laying in a mold by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, top panel empties panel and glue Air between film；
(3) vacuum bag processed: the material completed is packaged using vacuum bag film, using sealing joint strip, is pasted on one side Die edge pastes vacuum bag edge on one side；
(4) solidify: the packaged material of step (c), which is slowly vacuumized, is bonded vacuum bag completely with material, then will Pressure in autoclave rises to 0.5MPa, is warming up to 180 DEG C with the rate of 5 DEG C/min, keeps 30min；
(5) demoulding: after the completion of solidification, being down to 60 DEG C hereinafter, autoclave pressure release and take out material to temperature, through demoulding, after Processing obtains the composite material.
According to above-described embodiment, the present invention can be realized well.It is worth noting that before based on said structure design It puts, to solve same technical problem, even if that makes in the present invention is some without substantive change or polishing, is used Technical solution essence still as the present invention, therefore it should also be as within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material, which is characterized in that the composite material is from bottom to top successively under Panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, top panel are combined；The top panel and lower panel solidified by thermoplastic resin-impregnated fibers cloth and At；The honeycomb core is compound polyimide fibers honeycomb.
2. rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the resin includes phenol Any one in urea formaldehyde, fire retarding epoxide resin, the fiber cloth is glass fiber plain cloth, glass fibre twill, carbon Fiber plain cloth, carbon fiber twill, basalt fibre plain cloth, any one in basalt fibre twill.
3. rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the upper and lower panel With a thickness of 0.2-2mm.
4. rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the glue film is half solid Change epoxy resin glue film, any one in semi-solid preparation tego film, wherein the glue film surface density is 100-400g/ m2。
5. rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound polyamides is sub- The density of amine fibers honeycomb is 40-144kg/m3, cell side length is 1.83-5.0mm, with a thickness of 5-50mm.
6. rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that: described compound poly- Imide fiber includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 50-100 parts of polyimide fiber, 30-50 parts of polystyrene resin, and the Black Warrior 15-25 parts of rock fiber, 10-20 parts of cyclodextrin, 5-10 parts of water absorbent gel, 3-8 parts of graphene.
7. rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the compound polyamides is sub- Amine fiber is prepared by the following method gained:
(1) polyimide fiber, polystyrene resin, basalt fibre are placed in blender by weight, are stirred at 60-80 DEG C Mix 10-20min；
(2) it will be uniformly mixed in mixture that graphene is added in step (1) by weight；
(3) cyclodextrin is dissolved in water and is made into the solution that mass concentration is 20-50%, water absorbent gel is added and is mixed to form mixing Liquid；
(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is added in step (2), continues to stir 10-30min, is sent into thermostatic chamber and keeps the temperature 10-20h, the temperature of thermostatic chamber are 70-100 DEG C, and filtration drying obtains the compound polyimide fiber.
8. rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the step (1), (2), (3), mixing speed described in (4) are 100-500r/min.
9. a kind of preparation method of rail vehicle inner wall decorative composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: packet Include following steps:
(1) drying of honeycomb core: compound polyimide fibers honeycomb being placed in baking oven, is started to warm up, and is dried at 100-120 DEG C 2-16 hours；
(2) laying: the primary laying in a mold by lower panel, glue film, honeycomb core, glue film, top panel, emptying panel and glue film it Between air；
(3) vacuum bag processed: being packaged the material completed using vacuum bag film, using sealing joint strip, a face pasting mould Vacuum bag edge is pasted at edge on one side；
(4) solidify: the packaged material of step (c), which is slowly vacuumized, is bonded vacuum bag completely with material, then by hot pressing Pressure in tank rises to 0.01-0.5MPa, is warming up to 80-180 DEG C with the rate of 1-5 DEG C/min, keeps 30-120min；
(5) after the completion of solidification, 60 DEG C demoulding: are down to hereinafter, autoclave pressure release and material is taken out, through demoulding, post-processing to temperature Obtain the composite material.
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