CN110064799B - Numerical control gear grinding machine for wire gears and wire gear grinding processing method - Google Patents
Numerical control gear grinding machine for wire gears and wire gear grinding processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110064799B CN110064799B CN201910407772.XA CN201910407772A CN110064799B CN 110064799 B CN110064799 B CN 110064799B CN 201910407772 A CN201910407772 A CN 201910407772A CN 110064799 B CN110064799 B CN 110064799B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
- B23F23/06—Chucking arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wire gear numerical control gear grinding machine and a wire gear grinding processing method, wherein the wire gear numerical control gear grinding machine comprises a lathe bed, an upright post, a grinding wheel spindle box, a grinding wheel trimming device, a workpiece clamping mechanism, an index plate, a rotary workbench and a numerical control system; according to the wire gear grinding processing method, the wire gear workpiece to be processed and the forming grinding wheel are in an engaged state and synchronously rotate at a specified shaft crossing angle, and meanwhile, the wire gear workpiece to be processed performs relative feeding motion in a specified direction, so that the processing process of grinding the wire gear workpiece by the forming grinding wheel is realized. The numerical control gear grinding machine for the wire gear and the grinding processing method for the wire gear simplify the grinding processing process of the wire gear, improve the grinding processing efficiency and processing precision of the wire gear, expand the application range of the numerical control gear grinding machine and the grinding processing method for the wire gear, and can be used for grinding processing cylindrical wire gears, conical wire gears and other types of spiral gears.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gear machining equipment and gear machining methods, in particular to a numerical control gear grinding machine for a wire gear and a grinding machining method for the wire gear.
Background
The wire gear is a novel gear based on the space conjugate curve meshing principle, the wire gear pair is driven in a point contact mode, the wire gear after milling needs to be subjected to heat treatment in order to further improve the bearing capacity and the service life of the wire gear, and the wire gear needs to be subjected to grinding in order to finish the tooth surface of the wire gear after the heat treatment efficiently.
Unlike traditional involute straight gears and spiral bevel gears, the meshing line of the gear teeth of the line gears comprises two forms of a cylindrical spiral line and a conical spiral line, so that the conventional gear grinding machine for grinding involute straight gears and spiral bevel gears cannot adapt to grinding of different types of line gears, and a six-axis machining center can meet the motion requirements of grinding of different types of line gears, but has high machining cost. The numerical control gear grinding machine for the wire gear and the grinding processing method for the wire gear simplify the grinding processing process of the wire gear, improve the grinding processing efficiency and processing precision of the wire gear, have wide application range and can grind and process cylindrical wire gears, conical wire gears and other types of spiral gears.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the conventional gear grinding equipment and gear grinding method for grinding the wire gear, the invention provides the wire gear numerical control gear grinding machine capable of realizing four-axis linkage and the wire gear grinding method, so that the grinding action of the wire gear is simplified, the machining precision and the machining efficiency of the wire gear are improved, and the machining cost is reduced.
The aim of the invention is at least achieved by one of the following technical schemes:
the utility model provides a line gear numerical control gear grinding machine, includes lathe bed, stand, emery wheel headstock, emery wheel trimming device, work piece fixture, graduated disk, rotary worktable and numerical control system, its characterized in that: the grinding wheel spindle box is arranged on the Z-axis guide rail and moves along the Z-axis guide rail, the lathe bed is provided with an X-axis guide rail, an X-direction moving machine seat in sliding fit with the X-axis guide rail and a driving device for driving the X-direction moving machine seat to reciprocate along the X-axis guide rail; the X-direction moving machine seat is provided with a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-direction moving machine seat which is in sliding fit with the Y-axis guide rail, and a driving device which drives the Y-direction moving machine seat to reciprocate along the Y-axis guide rail; the grinding wheel dressing device is arranged on the Y-direction movable base; one end of the rotary workbench is connected with the Y-direction movable machine seat through a rotating mechanism rotating around a B axis, and the B axis is parallel to the Y-axis guide rail; the dividing plate is fixed in the middle of the rotary workbench and can rotate around a C axis perpendicular to the plane of the rotary workbench; the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on the indexing turntable and used for clamping and driving a workpiece to rotate along an A axis perpendicular to a C axis, and the numerical control system is electrically connected with the grinding wheel spindle box, each driving device, the rotating mechanism, the indexing disc and the grinding wheel dressing device respectively.
Further, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a chuck and a center tailstock which are oppositely arranged, the chuck is used for clamping a workpiece, the center tailstock is used for assisting in clamping the workpiece, and the chuck rotates around the A axis under the driving of a servo motor.
Further, the chuck rotates around the axis A of the chuck under the drive of the servo motor, and the numerical control system is used for respectively controlling the X-axis servo motor to drive the X-direction moving base to move along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis servo motor to drive the Y-direction moving base to move along the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis servo motor to drive the grinding wheel spindle to move along the Z-axis direction, so that four-axis linkage of A-axis rotation, X-axis movement, Y-axis movement and Z-axis movement is realized.
Further, when the wire gear to be processed is clamped, the rotary workbench is adjusted to rotate around the B shaft by a certain angle, the index plate is adjusted to enable the workpiece clamping device to rotate around the C shaft by a certain angle, the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the wire gear is a design value, and the rotary workbench rotates around the B shaft and the index plate rotates around the C shaft to independently move or are linked with other moving mechanisms.
Further, a T-shaped groove for driving the workpiece to move along the radial direction is formed in the index plate and is used for mounting and adjusting the chuck and the center tailstock.
Further, the numerical control system realizes the modification of the grinding wheel by controlling the relative movement of the Y-direction moving base and the grinding wheel spindle box.
Further, the formed grinding wheel is arranged on a grinding wheel handle, the grinding wheel handle is arranged on a grinding wheel spindle, and meanwhile, a tool setting and measuring head mechanism is further arranged on the upright post and used for positioning tools for starting grinding.
A grinding processing method of a wire gear comprises the following steps:
s1: determining parameters of a wire gear to be ground: the wire gear mainly comprises a cylindrical wire gear and a conical wire gear, wherein the meshing line of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear is a cylindrical spiral line, the meshing line of the gear teeth of the conical wire gear is a conical spiral line, and the wire gear is arranged in a coordinate system o j -x j y j z j The general mathematical expression of the wire gear tooth meshing line is:
in theta j Is the half-cone apex angle of the meshing line of the gear teeth of the line gear, when theta j When=0, the meshing line of the wire gear teeth is a cylindrical spiral line, when
When the wire gear tooth meshing line is a conical spiral line,
k j is the rotation direction parameter, when k j When=1, the tooth meshing line is left-handed, k j When the gear is in the range of = -1, the gear tooth meshing line is in the right-hand rotation,
n j is the spiral parameter of a meshing line of a line gear, t j Is the parameter of a line gear meshing line equation, t js ≤t j ≤t je ；t js To the initial engagement point, t je Is a terminal engagement point;
s2: determining parameters of the forming grinding wheel: the tooth surface of the line gear is obtained by sweeping an arc generatrix along the tangential direction of a gear tooth meshing line, when the formed grinding wheel grinds the line gear, the cross section profile of the formed grinding wheel is consistent with the tooth profile shape of the line gear on the normal cross section of the gear tooth meshing line of the line gear, meanwhile, the effective part height of the cross section profile of the formed grinding wheel is larger than the full height of the maximum tooth of the line gear to be processed, the width of the grinding wheel is smaller than the minimum tooth groove width of the line gear to be processed, and the interference between the non-working side of the grinding wheel and the tooth surface of the line gear to be processed is avoided;
s3: determining a clamping mode of the wire gear: when the cylindrical wire gear is clamped, the cylindrical wire gear to be processed is clamped and fixed by utilizing the chuck and the center tailstock, and the rotating angle gamma of the rotary workbench around the B axis is determined according to the meshing line parameters of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear, and the angle gamma is taken
So that the included angle between the axis of the cylindrical gear to be ground and the axis of the forming grinding wheel is alphaThe method comprises the steps that alpha is the spiral angle of a meshing line of gear teeth of a cylindrical line gear, the conical line gear is clamped and fixed by utilizing a chuck and a center tailstock when being clamped, the angle beta of a rotary workbench rotating around a B axis is determined according to parameters of the meshing line of gear teeth of the conical line gear, and then the angle theta of an index plate rotating is determined according to the semi-conical vertex angle of the meshing line of gear teeth of the conical line gear, so that a generatrix of the conical line gear to be ground is parallel to the direction of a horizontal X axis;
s4: determining the movement forms of the forming grinding wheel and the wire gear to be processed: when the wire gear is ground, the wire gear workpiece to be machined and the forming grinding wheel are in an engaged state and synchronously rotate at a specified shaft crossing angle, and meanwhile, the wire gear workpiece to be machined performs relative feeding movement in a specified direction, so that the machining process of the wire gear workpiece by the forming grinding wheel is realized, and the rule that the wire gear workpiece to be ground rotates around the axis of the wire gear workpiece to be ground and moves along the transverse horizontal direction in the grinding process is as follows:
wherein phi is j Is the angle of rotation of the wire gear around the axis of the wire gear during grinding, the unit is degree,
x j the distance that the line gear moves in the x-axis direction during grinding processing is in millimeters,
n j is the spiral parameter of the wire gear mesh wire,
t j is a parameter.
Further, when the wire gears with the same tooth profile radius are ground, the same forming grinding wheel is used for grinding, so that the universality of the forming grinding wheel is greatly improved.
Compared with the prior art, the numerical control gear grinding machine for the wire gear and the grinding processing method for the wire gear simplify the grinding processing process of the wire gear, improve the grinding processing efficiency and processing precision of the wire gear, expand the application range of the numerical control gear grinding machine for the wire gear and the grinding processing method for the wire gear, and can be used for grinding cylindrical wire gears, conical wire gears and other types of spiral gears.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a numerical control gear grinding machine for machining a hard tooth surface wire gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a grinding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic processing diagram of a grinding processing cylindrical wire gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is another directional machining schematic view of a grinding machining cylindrical wire gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic processing diagram of a grinding bevel gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another directional machining schematic view of a grinding bevel gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. the grinding machine comprises a stand column, a tool setting measuring head mechanism, a tip tailstock, a 4.Z shaft guide rail, a grinding wheel dressing device, a 6.X shaft guide rail, a lathe bed, a 8.Y shaft guide rail, a rotary workbench, a dividing plate, a chuck, a grinding wheel grip, a grinding wheel headstock, a cylindrical wire gear machining grinding wheel, a conical wire gear and a conical wire gear machining grinding wheel.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative effort shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is a numerical control gear grinding machine for processing hard tooth surface wire gears, comprising a lathe bed 7, a column 1, a grinding wheel spindle box 13, a grinding wheel dressing device 5, a chuck 11, a tip tailstock 3, an index plate 10, a rotary workbench 9 and a numerical control system.
The machine tool body 7 is fixedly provided with a stand column 1, a Z-axis guide rail 4 and a driving device which move along the Z-axis direction are arranged in the vertical direction of the stand column 1, the grinding wheel spindle box 13 is arranged on the Z-axis guide rail 4 and moves along the Z-axis guide rail 4, the machine tool body 7 is provided with an X-axis guide rail 6, an X-direction moving machine seat which is in sliding fit with the X-axis guide rail 6, and a driving device which drives the X-direction moving machine seat to reciprocate along the X-axis guide rail 6; the X-direction moving machine seat is provided with a Y-axis guide rail 8, a Y-direction moving machine seat which is in sliding fit with the Y-axis guide rail 8, and a driving device which drives the Y-direction moving machine seat to reciprocate along the Y-axis guide rail 8; the grinding wheel dressing device 5 is arranged on the Y-direction moving base; one end of the rotary workbench 9 is connected with the Y-direction moving machine base through a rotating mechanism rotating around a B axis, and the rotary workbench 9 can rotate around the B axis through the rotating mechanism, wherein the B axis is parallel to the Y-axis guide rail 8; the index plate 10 is fixed in the middle of the rotary workbench 9 and can rotate around a C axis perpendicular to the plane of the rotary workbench 9; the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on the indexing turntable 10 and is used for clamping and driving a workpiece to rotate along an A axis perpendicular to a C axis; the numerical control system is electrically connected with the grinding wheel spindle box, each driving device, the rotating mechanism, the dividing disc and the grinding wheel dressing device respectively.
In this embodiment, the numerical control system controls the chuck 11 to rotate around the a axis under the drive of the servo motor, the X-axis guide rail 6 drives the workpiece to move along the X-axis direction under the drive of the servo motor, the Y-axis guide rail 8 drives the workpiece to move along the Y-axis direction under the drive of the servo motor, the Z-axis guide rail 4 drives the grinding wheel headstock 13 to move along the Z-axis direction under the drive of the servo motor, and the gear grinding machine can realize four-axis linkage of the a-axis rotation, the X-axis movement, the Y-axis movement and the Z-axis movement.
In this embodiment, when the wire gear to be ground is clamped, the rotary table 9 is adjusted to rotate the workpiece to be machined by a specific angle around the axis B, and the index plate 10 is adjusted to rotate the wire gear to be machined by a specific angle around the axis C, so that the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the wire gear to be ground is a design value, and the rotation of the rotary table around the axis B and the rotation of the index plate around the axis C do not need to be linked with the four axes of rotation of the axis a, movement of the axis X, movement of the axis Y and movement of the axis Z. In this embodiment, the dividing disc 10 is provided with a T-shaped groove for driving the belt to move along the radial direction for completing the installation and adjustment of the chuck 11 and the center tailstock 3, the grinding wheel dressing device is installed on the Y-direction moving base, the shape of the grinding wheel is modified by controlling the relative movement of the Y-direction moving base and the spindle box, the grinding wheel is installed on the grinding wheel handle 12, the grinding wheel handle 12 is installed on the grinding wheel spindle, and meanwhile, the upright 1 is also provided with a tool setting head mechanism 2 for positioning and tool setting at the beginning of the grinding process.
14. Cylindrical line gear 15, cylindrical line gear machining grinding wheel 16, conical line gear 17, conical line gear machining grinding wheel.
As shown in fig. 2, a wire gear grinding method includes the steps of:
s1: determining parameters of a wire gear to be ground: the wire gear mainly comprises a cylindrical wire gear 14 and a conical wire gear 16, wherein the meshing line of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear is a cylindrical spiral line, the meshing line of the gear teeth of the conical wire gear is a conical spiral line, and the wire gear teeth of the conical wire gear are arranged in a coordinate system o j -x j y j z j The general mathematical expression of the wire gear tooth meshing line is:
in theta j Is the half-cone apex angle of the meshing line of the gear teeth of the line gear, when theta j When=0, the meshing line of the wire gear teeth is a cylindrical spiral line, when
When the wire gear tooth meshing line is a conical spiral line,
k j is the rotation direction parameter, when k j When=1, the tooth meshing line is left-handed, k j When the gear is in the range of = -1, the gear tooth meshing line is in the right-hand rotation,
n j is the spiral parameter of a meshing line of a line gear, t j Is the parameter of a line gear meshing line equation, t js ≤t j ≤t je ；t js To the initial engagement point, t je Is a terminal engagement point.
S2: determining parameters of the forming grinding wheel: the tooth surface of the line gear can be seen as a circular arc generatrix which is obtained by sweeping along the tangential direction of the meshing line of the gear teeth, when the formed grinding wheel is used for grinding the line gear, the sectional profile of the formed grinding wheel is consistent with the tooth profile of the line gear on the normal section of the meshing line of the line gear, meanwhile, the height of the effective part of the sectional profile of the formed grinding wheel is larger than the full height of the maximum tooth of the line gear to be processed, the width of the grinding wheel is smaller than the minimum tooth groove width of the line gear to be processed, and the interference between the non-working side of the grinding wheel and the tooth surface of the line gear to be processed is avoided.
S3: determining a clamping mode of the wire gear: when the cylindrical wire gear is clamped, the cylindrical wire gear to be processed is clamped and fixed by utilizing the chuck and the center tailstock, and the rotating angle gamma of the rotary workbench around the B axis is determined according to the meshing line parameters of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear, and is generally taken
So that the included angle between the axis of the cylindrical wire gear to be ground and the axis of the cylindrical wire gear processing grinding wheel 15 is alpha, wherein alpha is the helix angle of the meshing line of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear (as shown in fig. 3 and 4); when the conical line gear is clamped, the conical line gear to be ground is clamped and fixed by utilizing the chuck and the center tailstock, the conical line gear processing grinding wheel 17 is installed, the rotating angle beta of the rotary workbench around the axis B is determined according to the conical line gear tooth meshing line parameter, and then the rotating angle theta of the index plate is determined according to the semi-conical top angle of the conical line gear tooth meshing line, so that the generatrix of the conical line gear to be ground is parallel to the horizontal X axis direction (as shown in fig. 5 and 6).
S4: determining the movement forms of the forming grinding wheel and the wire gear to be processed: when the wire gear is ground, the wire gear workpiece to be machined and the forming grinding wheel are in an engaged state and synchronously rotate at a specified shaft crossing angle, and meanwhile, the wire gear workpiece to be machined performs relative feeding movement in a specified direction, so that the machining process of the wire gear workpiece by the forming grinding wheel is realized, and the rule that the wire gear to be ground rotates around the axis of the wire gear workpiece and horizontally moves along the transverse direction in the grinding process is as follows:
wherein phi is j Is the angle of rotation of the wire gear around the axis of the wire gear during grinding, the unit is degree,
x j the distance that the line gear moves in the x-axis direction during grinding processing is in millimeters,
n j is the spiral parameter of the wire gear mesh wire,
t j is a parameter.
According to the wire gear grinding method, the wire gear workpiece to be processed and the forming grinding wheel are in an engaged state and synchronously rotate at a specified shaft crossing angle, and meanwhile, the wire gear workpiece to be processed performs relative feeding motion in a specified direction, so that the processing process of grinding the wire gear workpiece by the forming grinding wheel is realized.
Aiming at the tooth surface forming principle of the wire gear, the invention provides the numerical control wire gear grinding machine and the wire gear grinding processing method, which simplify the processing process of the wire gear, can realize the grinding processing of the cylindrical wire gear and the conical wire gear, and have the advantages of high grinding efficiency, high grinding precision and wide application range.
The above examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a line gear numerical control gear grinding machine, includes lathe bed, stand, emery wheel headstock, emery wheel trimming device, work piece fixture, graduated disk, rotary worktable and numerical control system, its characterized in that: the grinding wheel spindle box is arranged on the Z-axis guide rail and moves along the Z-axis guide rail, the lathe bed is provided with an X-axis guide rail, an X-direction moving machine seat in sliding fit with the X-axis guide rail and a driving device for driving the X-direction moving machine seat to reciprocate along the X-axis guide rail; the X-direction moving machine seat is provided with a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-direction moving machine seat which is in sliding fit with the Y-axis guide rail, and a driving device which drives the Y-direction moving machine seat to reciprocate along the Y-axis guide rail; the grinding wheel dressing device is arranged on the Y-direction movable base; one end of the rotary workbench is connected with the Y-direction movable machine seat through a rotating mechanism rotating around a B axis, and the B axis is parallel to the Y-axis guide rail; the dividing plate is fixed in the middle of the rotary workbench and can rotate around a C axis perpendicular to the plane of the rotary workbench; the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on the dividing disc and used for clamping and driving a workpiece to rotate along an A axis perpendicular to a C axis, and the numerical control system is electrically connected with the grinding wheel spindle box, each driving device, the rotating mechanism, the dividing disc and the grinding wheel trimming device respectively.
2. The wire-gear numerical control gear grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein: the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a chuck and a center tailstock which are oppositely arranged, the chuck is used for clamping a workpiece, the center tailstock is used for assisting in clamping the workpiece, and the chuck rotates around the A axis under the driving of a servo motor.
3. The wire-gear numerical control gear grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the chuck rotates around an axis A of the chuck under the drive of the servo motor, and the numerical control system is used for respectively controlling the X-axis servo motor to drive the X-direction moving machine seat to move along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis servo motor to drive the Y-direction moving machine seat to move along the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis servo motor to drive the grinding wheel spindle box to move along the Z-axis direction, so that four-axis linkage of A-axis rotation, X-axis movement, Y-axis movement and Z-axis movement is realized.
4. The wire-gear numerical control gear grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein: when the wire gear to be processed is clamped, the rotary workbench is adjusted to rotate around the B shaft by a certain angle, the index plate is adjusted to enable the workpiece clamping mechanism to rotate around the C shaft by a certain angle, the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the wire gear is a design value, and the rotary workbench rotates around the B shaft and the index plate rotates around the C shaft to independently move or are linked with other moving mechanisms.
5. The wire-gear numerical control gear grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the indexing disc is provided with a T-shaped groove for driving the workpiece to move along the radial direction and used for mounting and adjusting the chuck and the center tailstock.
6. The wire-gear numerical control gear grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein: the numerical control system realizes the modification of the grinding wheel by controlling the relative movement of the Y-direction moving base and the grinding wheel spindle box.
7. The wire-gear numerical control gear grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein: the grinding wheel is arranged on the grinding wheel handle, the grinding wheel handle is arranged on the grinding wheel spindle, and meanwhile, the upright post is also provided with a tool setting and measuring head mechanism for positioning and tool setting at the beginning of grinding processing.
8. A grinding processing method of a wire gear comprises the following steps:
s1: determining parameters of a wire gear to be ground: the wire gear mainly comprises a cylindrical wire gear and a conical wire gear, wherein the meshing line of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear is a cylindrical spiral line, the meshing line of the gear teeth of the conical wire gear is a conical spiral line, and the wire gear is arranged in a coordinate system o j -x j y j z j The general mathematical expression of the wire gear tooth meshing line is:
in theta j For meshing wire of wire gear teethAngle of semicircle cone, when theta j When=0, the meshing line of the wire gear teeth is a cylindrical spiral line, when
When the wire gear tooth meshing line is a conical spiral line,
k j is the rotation direction parameter, when k j When=1, the tooth meshing line is left-handed, k j When the gear is in the range of = -1, the gear tooth meshing line is in the right-hand rotation,
n j is the spiral parameter of a meshing line of a line gear, t j Is the parameter of a line gear meshing line equation, t js ≤t j ≤t je ；t js To the initial engagement point, t je Is a terminal engagement point;
s2: determining parameters of the forming grinding wheel: the tooth surface of the line gear is obtained by sweeping an arc generatrix along the tangential direction of a gear tooth meshing line, when the formed grinding wheel grinds the line gear, the cross section profile of the formed grinding wheel is consistent with the tooth profile shape of the line gear on the normal cross section of the gear tooth meshing line of the line gear, meanwhile, the effective part height of the cross section profile of the formed grinding wheel is larger than the full height of the maximum tooth of the line gear to be processed, the width of the grinding wheel is smaller than the minimum tooth groove width of the line gear to be processed, and the interference between the non-working side of the grinding wheel and the tooth surface of the line gear to be processed is avoided;
s3: determining a clamping mode of the wire gear: when the cylindrical wire gear is clamped, the cylindrical wire gear to be processed is clamped and fixed by utilizing the chuck and the center tailstock, and the rotating angle gamma of the rotary workbench around the B axis is determined according to the meshing line parameters of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear, and the angle gamma is taken
The included angle between the axis of the cylindrical wire gear to be ground and the axis of the forming grinding wheel is alpha, wherein alpha is the helix angle of the meshing line of the gear teeth of the cylindrical wire gear, the conical wire gear to be ground is clamped and fixed by utilizing a chuck and a tip tailstock when the conical wire gear is clamped, the angle beta of the rotary workbench rotating around the axis B is determined according to the parameters of the meshing line of the gear teeth of the conical wire gear, and then the angle beta of the rotary workbench rotating around the axis B is determined according to the semi-conical top of the meshing line of the gear teeth of the conical wire gearThe angle theta rotated by the index plate is determined, so that the generatrix of the conical line gear to be ground is parallel to the horizontal X-axis direction;
s4: determining the movement forms of the forming grinding wheel and the wire gear to be processed: when the wire gear is ground, the wire gear workpiece to be machined and the forming grinding wheel are in an engaged state and synchronously rotate at a specified shaft crossing angle, and meanwhile, the wire gear workpiece to be machined performs relative feeding movement in a specified direction, so that the machining process of the wire gear workpiece by the forming grinding wheel is realized, and the rule that the wire gear workpiece to be ground rotates around the axis of the wire gear workpiece to be ground and moves along the transverse horizontal direction in the grinding process is as follows:
wherein phi is j Is the angle of rotation of the wire gear around the axis of the wire gear during grinding, the unit is degree,
x j the distance that the line gear moves in the x-axis direction during grinding processing is in millimeters,
n j is the spiral parameter of the wire gear mesh wire,
t j is a parameter.
9. The wire gear grinding method according to claim 8, wherein: when the line gears with the same tooth profile radius are ground, the same forming grinding wheel is used for grinding, so that the universality of the forming grinding wheel is greatly improved.
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| CN110328612A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-15 | 丹阳河工工具有限公司 | A kind of screw tap grinding attachment |
| CN110744158B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-02-12 | 华南理工大学 | Electrolytic finish machining method for micro-wire gear |
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