CN110005217B - FRP-STF-based composite material and efficient anti-impact arrangement method thereof - Google Patents
FRP-STF-based composite material and efficient anti-impact arrangement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
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- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
- E04G23/0225—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements of circular building elements, e.g. by circular bracing
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/025—Structures with concrete columns
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- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
- E04G2023/0251—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements by using fiber reinforced plastic elements
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Abstract
A composite material based on FRP-STF and a high-efficiency anti-impact arrangement method thereof belong to the field of engineering structure impact resistance. The composite material sequentially comprises a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer, an FRP-STF composite material layer and a high-elasticity rubber material layer from outside to inside, wherein the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer is used for protecting the internal materials from being corroded by air, soaked by water vapor and damaged; the FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with a plurality of layers, and has the capability of resisting impact and absorbing external impact energy efficiently; the high-elasticity rubber material layer is used for buffering displacement of the FRP-STF composite material layer, and the high-elasticity rubber material layer consumes external impact energy through deformation to increase energy consumption effect. The application has obvious maximum bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity, and can effectively improve the safety of the protected structure. The composite material of the application is not broken and destroyed suddenly like the traditional material, and can well delay the occurrence of catastrophic damage.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of engineering structure impact resistance, and particularly relates to a FRP-STF-based composite material and a high-efficiency impact-resistant arrangement method thereof.
Background
Fiber reinforced plastics were first used in the military and aerospace fields. The FRP types mainly include carbon fiber reinforced plastics (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer, abbreviated as CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastics (Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer, abbreviated as GFRP), aramid fiber reinforced plastics (Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer, abbreviated as AFRP), and the like. In recent years, FRP materials are gradually turned to the civil field due to their superior structural properties and durability, and particularly applications in civil engineering are rapidly developed. In 1981, meier in sweden reinforced the Ebach bridge for the first time with an adhesive CFRP sheet. After the earthquake of the sakashen in 1995, the FRP cloth is adopted to quickly strengthen the earthquake damage of the pier column of the expressway, so that the transportation is quickly recovered, the foundation of the application of the FRP material in the civil engineering field is laid, and the FRP cloth is widely paid attention to the engineering field. After that, a method of reinforcing a structure using an FRP sheet or an FRP cloth instead of a steel sheet has been rapidly developed in developed countries such as japan, the united states, and europe, and many research efforts have been put into high schools and scientific institutions. So far, more experimental researches on bending, shearing, earthquake-resistant reinforcement and the like of concrete members by adopting FRP are carried out at home and abroad, and a great deal of engineering application is carried out.
FRP is commonly used for concrete restraint reinforcement in the form of sheets or cloths. The sheet form is hard after being molded, is not easy to be stuck on a curved surface or a fine place, and the cloth form generally needs to be stuck with more than two layers, and is easy to cause the strength reduction of the cloth form, but the sheet form is a good wrapping member, and has more uniform effect than the sheet form. GFRP cloths are currently used in many projects. Compared with other traditional processes for reinforcing the concrete structure, the FRP material (especially FRP cloth) constraint concrete structure has the following advantages: (1) light weight and high strength. (2) The safety after breakage is high. (3) And the construction and the transportation are convenient. (4) The fatigue resistance is good. (5) The strength, ductility, corrosion resistance and the like of the concrete structure can be effectively improved, and buckling of the longitudinal ribs is effectively reduced. (6) The later maintenance cost is low.
But FRP is a brittle material with extremely low impact toughness, so the application provides a high-efficiency anti-impact arrangement mode based on FRP-STF composite material. It should be noted that there have been a great deal of experiments on the constraint reinforcement of concrete structures with conventional FRPs and have been widely used in engineering, however, there have been few related studies on FRP modification and no experiments and applications of STF modified FRP constraint concrete structures.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that FRP is a brittle material and has poor impact resistance and the like in the prior art, the application provides an FRP-STF-based composite material and a high-efficiency impact-resistant arrangement method thereof, and provides parameters such as the number of layers, TPU arrangement mode, interlayer laying angle and the like of the FRP-STF composite material with optimal impact resistance.
The aim of the application is realized by the following technical scheme:
the application relates to a FRP-STF-based composite material, which sequentially comprises a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer, an FRP-STF composite material layer and a high-elasticity rubber material layer from outside to inside, wherein the PVC material layer is used for protecting the internal material of the FRP-STF-based composite material from being corroded by air, soaked by water vapor and damaged; the FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with a plurality of layers, and has the capability of resisting impact and absorbing external impact energy efficiently; the high-elasticity rubber material layer is used for buffering displacement of the FRP-STF composite material layer, and the high-elasticity rubber material layer consumes external impact energy through deformation to increase energy consumption effect.
Preferably, the FRP-STF composite layer is provided with an even number layer of 4 or more; the laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 40-60 degrees; the bonding mode of the FRP fibers of adjacent layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is crisscross or annular arrangement.
Preferably, the FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP), carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP), i.e. the BFRP-STF, CFRP-STF and GFRP-STF composite layers are formed.
Preferably, the thickness of the layer of highly elastic rubber material is 10-20mm.
Preferably, when the structure is reinforced, 2-3 FRP fiber material layers are further arranged in the high-elasticity rubber material layer.
A high-efficiency anti-impact arrangement method of a composite material based on FRP-STF is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: paving a high-elasticity rubber material layer on the outer layer of the pre-reinforced structure to buffer the displacement of the FRP-STF composite material layer, and consuming external impact energy by deformation to increase the energy consumption effect;
s2: paving an FRP-STF composite material layer on the outer layer of the high-elasticity rubber material layer;
s3: paving a vinyl chloride material layer on the outer layer of the FRP-STF composite material layer;
preferably, the bonding mode of the FRP fibers of adjacent layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is cross or annular arrangement; the FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with an even layer which is more than or equal to 4; the laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 40-60 degrees.
Preferably, the FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP), carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP), i.e. the BFRP-STF, CFRP-STF and GFRP-STF composite layers are formed.
Preferably, the thickness of the layer of highly elastic rubber material is 10-20mm.
Preferably, when the pre-reinforced structure is broken, 2-3 FRP fiber material layers are laid on the inner layer of the high-elasticity rubber material layer. .
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. the application provides an efficient impact-resistant composite material based on STF, and provides parameters such as the number of layers, TPU arrangement mode, laying angle and the like of the optimal impact resistance of the FRP-STF composite material. Experiments show that the composite material can effectively improve the shock resistance of a single FRP, and has obvious maximum bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity when the number of layers is 4 or higher even number, the TPU is arranged in a cross or annular arrangement mode and the laying angle between layers of the FRP-STF composite material is 45 degrees.
2. By adopting the technical scheme of the application, in the island construction engineering, the durability and the shock resistance of the coast and offshore high-strength concrete structure can be reinforced, so that the purpose of prolonging the service life of the island is achieved. In addition, when an earthquake occurs, the arrangement mode can be used for quickly reinforcing the earthquake damage of the highway bridge pier column, so that the transportation is quickly recovered, and valuable time is won for rescuing more lives and properties. The reinforced concrete can also be used for reinforcing road and bridge and general building structures, and improving the durability, impact resistance and energy absorption capacity of the structure.
3. By adopting the technical scheme of the application, the safety is high after the concrete structure is damaged. The fiber is destroyed and needs to undergo a series of reactions, unlike the traditional materials which can break suddenly, so that the occurrence of catastrophic damage can be well delayed.
4. The FRP-STF composite material mainly plays a role in absorbing external impact energy and earthquake energy. After STF treatment, the FRP fiber sample can effectively improve the maximum bearing capacity and the total absorption energy and improve the shock resistance.
5. The composite material is convenient to construct and transport. The FRP-STF cloth has low bending rigidity, can be made into a strip shape, is rolled for transportation, can save space and reduces operation difficulty.
6. The composite material has good fatigue resistance. The fiber is damaged from the weak links of the fiber, obvious damage precursors exist, and the development path of cracks is complex and difficult, so that the fiber has good fatigue resistance.
7. The application can effectively improve the strength, ductility, corrosion resistance and the like of the concrete structure and effectively lighten the buckling of the longitudinal ribs. The later maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
FIGS. 1 (a) - (f) are microscopic comparative graphs of FRP and FRP-STF composites.
FIG. 2 is a graph of resistance and energy absorption over time for FRP and FRP-STF at low impact speeds; wherein (a) is the force versus time curve and (b) is the energy versus time curve.
FIG. 3 is a graph of GFRP and GFRP-STF resistance and energy versus time for a ply lay angle of 45; wherein: (a) A force versus time curve and (b) an energy versus time curve.
FIG. 4 is a graph of resistance and energy over time for different TPU arrangements for GFRP and GFRP-STF; wherein: (a) A force versus time curve and (b) an energy versus time curve.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of an arrangement of the present application, taking a concrete column as an example.
Fig. 6 is a left side view of fig. 5.
In the figure: 1. polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a plurality of layers of FRP-STF composite materials, 3 high-elasticity rubber, 4.2-3 layers of FRP fiber materials and 5 concrete.
Detailed Description
The application is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1: taking a newly-built concrete column as an example, as shown in fig. 5-6, the application is a composite material based on STF (styrene-butadiene-styrene) high-efficiency anti-impact, which sequentially comprises a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer, an FRP-STF composite material layer and a high-elasticity rubber material layer from outside to inside, wherein the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer is used for protecting the internal materials of the composite material from being corroded by air, soaked by water vapor and damaged; the FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with a plurality of layers, and has the capability of resisting impact and absorbing external impact energy efficiently; the high-elasticity rubber material layer is used for buffering displacement of the FRP-STF composite material layer, and the high-elasticity rubber material layer consumes external impact energy through deformation to increase energy consumption effect.
The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with a plurality of layers, and the adjacent layers are bonded by TPU hot melt adhesive and compacted by a flat vulcanizing machine. The number of optimal layout layers of the FRP-STF composite material layer is four or more even layers. The laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 45 degrees. The bonding mode of the FRP fibers of adjacent layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is cross-shaped.
The FRP-STF composite material layer is formed by compositing a Shear Thickening Fluid (STF) and an FRP material, so that STF particles are attached to FRP fibers and filled among the FRP fibers. The FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite material layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP), carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) or Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP), namely the BFRP-STF, CFRP-STF and GFRP-STF composite material layers are formed, and the FRP fibers in the embodiment select Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) to form the GFRP-STF composite material layers. Because the STF particles are attached to the FRP fibers and filled between the FRP fibers, the FRP-STF composite material has better impact resistance and the capability of efficiently absorbing external impact energy than the traditional FRP.
The thickness of the high-elasticity rubber material layer is 20mm, the high-elasticity rubber material layer has the function of providing a certain buffer displacement for the FRP-STF composite material layer, and the high-elasticity rubber material layer consumes external impact energy through deformation to increase the energy consumption effect of the application.
And the outer side of the FRP-STF composite material layer is covered with a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer is strict in requirements, and is seamless and bubble-free.
Aiming at the problems that FRP is a brittle material and has poor impact resistance and the like, the application discloses an efficient impact-resistant composite material based on STF, and parameters such as the number of layers, TPU arrangement mode, interlayer laying angle and the like of the optimal impact resistance of the FRP-STF composite material are given. The composite material can effectively improve the shock resistance of a single FRP, and has obvious maximum bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity.
Example 2: this example differs from example 1 in that: the TPU of the FRP-STF composite material is arranged in a groined mode. The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with 6 layers. The laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 60 degrees. FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) to form the BFRP-STF composite layer. The thickness of the high elastic rubber material layer was 13mm.
Example 3: this example differs from example 1 in that: the TPU of the FRP-STF composite material is arranged in a groined mode. The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with 8 layers. The laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 50 degrees. The FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)), and the CFRP-STF composite layer is formed. The thickness of the high elastic rubber material layer was 14mm.
Example 4: this example differs from example 1 in that: the TPU of the FRP-STF composite material is arranged in a groined mode. The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with 8 layers. The laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 42 degrees. The thickness of the high elastic rubber material layer was 17mm.
Example 5: this example differs from example 1 in that: this example is to the concrete structure that has appeared damaging now, in order to retrain and consolidate the concrete column, sets up 2-3 FRP fibre material layers at the next to the concrete column, and this example selects 3 layers, and is according to actual demand. The TPU of the FRP-STF composite material is arranged in a groined mode. The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with 10 layers. The laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 58 degrees. FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) to form the BFRP-STF composite layer. The thickness of the high elastic rubber material layer was 10mm.
Example 6: this example differs from example 4 in that: the lay-up angle of the FRP-STF composite described in this example was 55. The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with 12 layers. The FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)), and the CFRP-STF composite layer is formed. The thickness of the high elastic rubber material layer was 15mm. The FRP fiber material layer is 2 layers.
Example 7: this example differs from example 2 in that: the lay-up angle of the FRP-STF composite described in this example was 40. The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with 12 layers. The FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)), and the CFRP-STF composite layer is formed. The thickness of the high elastic rubber material layer was 18mm. The FRP fiber material layer is 2 layers.
Example 8: this example differs from example 2 in that: the TPU of the FRP-STF composite material is arranged in a groined mode. The FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with 6 layers. The laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 52 degrees. FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) to form the BFRP-STF composite layer. The thickness of the high elastic rubber material layer was 19mm.
The reinforced FRP composite material can be used for concrete columns, also can be used for highway anti-collision columns, and is mainly used for structural reinforcement when FRP material layers are arranged on the inner sides of bridge piers, concrete walls, concrete beams and the like, wherein the reinforcement means that the structure is damaged under the existing load, and the inner side FRP mainly plays a role in improving the strength and the bearing capacity of the structure. If the reinforced concrete is used for a structure just built, such as a pier and an anti-collision fence, the FRP material layer is not required to be arranged on the inner side.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the application in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the application be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the application, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the application.
Claims (9)
1. A composite material based on FRP-STF, characterized in that: the composite material comprises a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer, an FRP-STF composite material layer and a high-elasticity rubber material layer from outside to inside, wherein the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material layer is used for protecting the internal materials from being corroded by air, soaked by water vapor and damaged; the FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with a plurality of layers, and has the capability of resisting impact and absorbing external impact energy efficiently; the high-elasticity rubber material layer is used for buffering the displacement of the FRP-STF composite material layer and consuming external impact energy by deformation so as to increase the energy consumption effect;
the FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with an even layer which is more than or equal to 4; the laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 40-60 degrees; the bonding mode of the FRP fibers of adjacent layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is crisscross or annular arrangement.
2. The FRP-STF-based composite of claim 1, characterized in that: FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite material layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP), carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) or Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP), namely the BFRP-STF, CFRP-STF and GFRP-STF composite material layers are formed.
3. The FRP-STF-based composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the high-elasticity rubber material layer is 10-20mm.
4. The FRP-STF-based composite of claim 1, characterized in that: when the structure is reinforced, 2-3 FRP fiber material layers are further arranged in the high-elasticity rubber material layer.
5. A method of efficient impact protection placement of FRP-STF based composites as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: paving a high-elasticity rubber material layer on the outer layer of the pre-reinforced structure to buffer the displacement of the FRP-STF composite material layer, and consuming external impact energy by deformation to increase the energy consumption effect;
s2: paving an FRP-STF composite material layer on the outer layer of the high-elasticity rubber material layer;
s3: and paving a polyvinyl chloride material layer on the outer layer of the FRP-STF composite material layer.
6. The efficient impact-resistant arranging method for FRP-STF based composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bonding mode of the FRP fibers of adjacent layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is crisscross or annular arrangement; the FRP-STF composite material layer is provided with an even layer which is more than or equal to 4; the laying angle between FRP fiber layers in the FRP-STF composite material layer is 40-60 degrees.
7. The efficient impact-resistant arranging method for FRP-STF based composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: FRP fibers in the FRP-STF composite material layer are Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP), carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) or Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP), namely the BFRP-STF, CFRP-STF and GFRP-STF composite material layers are formed.
8. The efficient impact-resistant arranging method for FRP-STF based composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the thickness of the high-elasticity rubber material layer is 10-20mm.
9. The efficient impact-resistant arranging method for FRP-STF based composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: when the pre-reinforced structure is damaged, paving 2-3 FRP fiber material layers on the inner layer of the high-elasticity rubber material layer.
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| JPH1058571A (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1998-03-03 | Toray Ind Inc | Fiber-reinforced plastic reinforcing structure and repairing and reinforcing method for structure |
| CN101967853A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-02-09 | 南京林业大学 | Fiber reinforce plastic (FRP)-rubber-steel composite pipe concrete structure |
| CN105793374A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2016-07-20 | 3M创新有限公司 | Adhesive sheet, reinforcing repair tape, and reinforced building material |
| CN108274840A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-13 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of shear thickening gel/3 D weaving energy-absorbing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN210195320U (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-03-27 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Composite material structure based on FRP-STF |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1058571A (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1998-03-03 | Toray Ind Inc | Fiber-reinforced plastic reinforcing structure and repairing and reinforcing method for structure |
| CN101967853A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-02-09 | 南京林业大学 | Fiber reinforce plastic (FRP)-rubber-steel composite pipe concrete structure |
| CN105793374A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2016-07-20 | 3M创新有限公司 | Adhesive sheet, reinforcing repair tape, and reinforced building material |
| CN108274840A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-13 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of shear thickening gel/3 D weaving energy-absorbing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN210195320U (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-03-27 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Composite material structure based on FRP-STF |
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