CN118087269A - 无纺布 - Google Patents
无纺布 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118087269A CN118087269A CN202410220458.1A CN202410220458A CN118087269A CN 118087269 A CN118087269 A CN 118087269A CN 202410220458 A CN202410220458 A CN 202410220458A CN 118087269 A CN118087269 A CN 118087269A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- group
- nonwoven fabric
- carbon atoms
- monomer
- fluoropolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- SZTBMYHIYNGYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-chloroacrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(Cl)=C SZTBMYHIYNGYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- SNVLJLYUUXKWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidenecarbene Chemical compound C=[C] SNVLJLYUUXKWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 51
- YBXYCBGDIALKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroprop-2-enamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(Cl)=C YBXYCBGDIALKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 vinyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 83
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 6
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 5
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylperoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOOCCCCCCCCCCCC LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-fluoro-3-methyl-2h-indazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C)=NNC2=C1 JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylglycine Chemical compound CN(C)CC(O)=O FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N [(1s,3s,4s)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(=C)C)C[C@H]1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQMIGQNCOMNODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)=O ZQMIGQNCOMNODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006341 heptafluoro n-propyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940119545 isobornyl methacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(OC(=O)C(=C)C)CC1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLGOCMATMKJJCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl SLGOCMATMKJJCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylamine Natural products CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFYABWXIJBTAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(2-phenyltetradecan-2-yl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)([N+](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YFYABWXIJBTAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CEYYIKYYFSTQRU-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(tetradecyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C CEYYIKYYFSTQRU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical class CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124543 ultraviolet light absorber Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种无纺布,其在基材上附着有含氟聚合物,其中,含氟聚合物具有:(a)源自含氟单体的重复单元,所述含氟单体为具有氟代烷基的α‑氯丙烯酸酯或α‑氯丙烯酰胺;和(b)源自卤代烯单体的重复单元,含氟聚合物不具有源自具有碳原子数在18以上(例如在16以上、特别是在14以上)的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的重复单元。无纺布具有优异的拨水拨油性,例如具有优异的强拨水性和高耐水压性。
Description
(本申请是2016年8月2日递交的发明名称为“无纺布”的申请201610626325.X的分案申请)
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布,具体涉及附着有含氟聚合物的无纺布。
背景技术
在现有技术中提出了用含氟处理剂对纤维制品进行处理的方案。
国际公开第2010/030044号公开了一种含有含氟聚合物的处理剂组合物,该含氟聚合物具有源自含氟单体和具有环状烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的重复单元。国际公开第2011/122442号公开了一种含有含氟聚合物的处理剂组合物,该含氟聚合物具有源自α-氯丙烯酸酯和具有烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的重复单元。这些公报中,并没有对无纺布的应用进行研究。
国际公开2013/99611号记载了用含氟处理剂对无纺布进行处理的方案。但是,无纺布无法获得令人满意的拨水拨油性。
专利文献1:国际公开第2010/030044号
专利文献2:国际公开第2011/122442号
专利文献3:国际公开2013/99611号
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种拨水拨油性和机械强度高的无纺布。
本发明涉及附着有含氟聚合物的无纺布。
本发明提供一种无纺布,其在基材上附着有含氟聚合物,含氟聚合物具有:
(a)源自含氟单体的重复单元,所述含氟单体为具有氟代烷基的α-氯丙烯酸酯或α-氯丙烯酰胺;和
(b)源自卤代烯单体的重复单元,
含氟聚合物不具有源自具有碳原子数在18以上(例如在16以上、特别是在14以上)的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的重复单元。
含氟聚合物对基材赋予拨水性、拨油性和/或防污性。
发明效果
本发明的无纺布具有优异的拨水拨油性、例如优异的强拨水性和高耐水压性,还具有优异的机械强度、例如高的拉伸强度。
具体实施方式
在本发明中,在无纺布上附着有含氟聚合物。附着有含氟聚合物的无纺布例如可以通过将含氟处理剂应用于无纺布(未处理的无纺布基材)而制造。
含氟处理剂含有含氟聚合物和液态介质。
[含氟聚合物]
含氟聚合物具有:
(a)源自含氟单体的重复单元,所述含氟单体为具有氟代烷基的α-氯丙烯酸酯或α-氯丙烯酰胺;和
(b)源自卤代烯单体的重复单元,
含氟聚合物不具有源自具有碳原子数在18以上的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的重复单元。
(a)含氟单体
含氟单体(a)可以为式:CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-Y-Z-Rf所示的化合物。
[式中,Y为-O-或-NH-,Z为直接键合或二价的有机基团,Rf为碳原子数1~20的氟代烷基。]
含氟单体优选为以下通式所示的化合物:
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-Y-Z-Rf (I)
[式中,Y为-O-或-NH-;
Z为直接键合、
碳原子数1~20的直链状或支链状脂肪族基团(特别是亚烷基)例如式-(CH2)x-(式中,x为1~10)所示的基团、
碳原子数6~30的芳香族基团或环状脂肪族基团、式-R2(R1)N-SO2-或式-R2(R1)N-CO-所示的基团(式中,R1为碳原子数1~10的烷基,R2为碳原子数1~10的直链亚烷基或支链状亚烷基)、
式-CH2CH(OR3)CH2-(Ar-O)p-(式中,R3为氢原子或碳原子数1~10的酰基(例如甲酰基或乙酰基等),Ar表示根据需要具有取代基的亚芳基,p表示0或1)所示的基团、
式-CH2-Ar-(O)q-(式中,Ar为根据需要具有取代基的亚芳基,q为0或1)所示的基团、或者
-(CH2)m-SO2-(CH2)n-基或-(CH2)m-S-(CH2)n-基(其中,m为1~10,n为0~10);
Rf为碳原子数1~20的直链状或支链状的氟代烷基]。
在含氟单体中,Rf基优选为全氟烷基。Rf基的碳原子数优选为1~12,例如为1~6,特别是4~6,进一步优选为6。Rf基的例子有-CF3、-CF2CF3、-CF2CF2CF3、-CF(CF3)2、-CF2CF2CF2CF3、-CF2CF(CF3)2、-C(CF3)3、-(CF2)4CF3、-(CF2)2CF(CF3)2、-CF2C(CF3)3、-CF(CF3)CF2CF2CF3、-(CF2)5CF3、-(CF2)3CF(CF3)2、-(CF2)4CF(CF3)2、-C8F17等。
含氟单体优选Y基为-O-的丙烯酸酯。
Z基具体可以为碳原子数1~20(例如碳原子数1~10、特别是1~4、特别是1或2)的直链状或支链状脂肪族基团(例如亚烷基)、例如式-(CH2)x-(式中,x为1~10)所示的基团、
碳原子数6~18的芳香族基团或环状脂肪族基团、式-R2(R1)N-SO2-或式-R2(R1)N-CO-所示的基团(式中,R1为碳原子数1~10的烷基,R2为碳原子数1~10的直链亚烷基或支链状亚烷基)、例如-CH2CH2N(R1)SO2-基(其中,R1为碳原子数1~4的烷基)、
式-CH2CH(OR3)CH2-[Ar-(O)q]p-(式中,R3为氢原子或碳原子数1~10的酰基(例如甲酰基或乙酰基等)、Ar为根据需要具有取代基的亚芳基(例如亚苯基),p为0或1,q为0或1)所示的基团、式-(CH2)n-Ar-(O)q-(式中,Ar为根据需要具有取代基的亚芳基(例如亚苯基),n为0~10,q为0或1)所示的基团、或者
-(CH2)m-SO2-(CH2)n-基或-(CH2)m-S-(CH2)n-基(其中,m为1~10、n为0~10)。
芳香族基团或环状脂肪族基团可以为取代或非取代。S基或SO2基可以与Rf基直接键合。
作为含氟单体(a)的具体例,例如可以例示以下的化合物,但并不限定于这些。
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)4-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)2-S-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)2-SO2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2)2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)3-S-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)3-SO2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)3-SO2-(CH2)2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-CH2CH2N(CH3)SO2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-CH2CH(OCOCH3)CH2-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-CH2-Ph-O-Rf(在此,Ph为1,4-亚苯基)
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-CH2CH(OH)CH2-Ph-O-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-CH2-Ph-Rf
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-O-CH2CH(OCOCH3)CH2-Ph-Rf
[上述式中,Rf为碳原子数1~20的氟代烷基。]
(b)卤代烯单体
卤代烯单体(卤代烯)优选不具有氟原子。
卤代烯优选为由1~10个氯原子、溴原子或碘原子取代的碳原子数2~20的烯烃。卤代烯优选为碳原子数2~20的氯代烯,特别是具有1~5个氯原子的碳原子数2~5的烯烃。卤代烯的优选的具体例为:卤乙烯,例如氯乙烯、溴乙烯、碘乙烯;偏卤乙烯,例如偏氯乙烯、偏溴乙烯、偏碘乙烯。优选氯乙烯和偏氯乙烯,特别优选氯乙烯。
(c)其它单体
除单体(a)和(b)以外的其它单体(c)优选不含氟。作为其它单体(c),可以列举非氟非交联性单体(c1)和非氟交联性单体(c2)。
其它单体(c)不含具有碳原子数在18以上(例如在16以上、特别是在14以上)的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯。即,在本发明中,不使用具有碳原子数在18以上(例如在16以上、特别是在14以上)的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,例如(甲基)丙烯酸硬脂酯或(甲基)丙烯酸山嵛酯。
(c1)非氟非交联性单体
非氟非交联性单体(c1)是不含氟原子的单体。非氟非交联性单体(c1)不具有交联性官能团。非氟非交联性单体(c1)与交联性单体(c2)不同,是非交联性的。非氟非交联性单体(c1)优选为具有碳-碳双键的非氟单体。非氟非交联性单体(c1)优选为不含氟的乙烯基单体。非氟非交联性单体(c1)通常为具有1个碳-碳双键的化合物。
优选的非氟非交联性单体(c1)为式:CH2=CA-T所示的化合物。
[式中,A为氢原子、甲基或除氟原子以外的卤原子(例如氯原子、溴原子和碘原子),
T为氢原子、碳原子数1~17(例如2~15、特别是3~14、特别是4~13)的链状(直链状或支链状)的烃基、碳原子数4~30的环状的烃基或者具有酯键的链状或环状的碳原子数1~31的有机基团。]
碳原子数4~30的环状的烃基的示例有碳原子数4~30的环状脂肪族基团、碳原子数6~30的芳香族烃基、碳原子数7~30的芳香脂肪族烃基。
具有酯键的链状或环状的碳原子数1~31的有机基团的示例有-C(=O)-O-Q和-O-C(=O)-Q(在此,Q为碳原子数1~17(例如2~15、特别是3~14、特别是4~13)的链状(直链状或支链状)的脂肪族烃基、碳原子数4~30的环状脂肪族基团、碳原子数6~30的芳香族烃基、碳原子数7~30的芳香脂肪族烃基)。
非氟非交联性单体(c1)的优选示例例如包括乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、丙烯腈、苯乙烯、聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚丙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和乙烯基烷基醚。非氟非交联性单体(c1)并不限定于这些示例。
非氟非交联性单体(c1)可以为具有烷基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯。烷基的碳原子数可以为1~17,例如可以为2~15(特别是3~14、特别是4~13)。例如非氟非交联性单体(c1)可以为通式:CH2=CA1 COOA2所示的丙烯酸酯。
[式中,A1为氢原子、甲基或除氟原子以外的卤原子(例如氯原子、溴原子和碘原子),
A2为CnH2n+1(n=1~17)所示的烷基。]
A2的优选的具体例为丁基、月桂基。
非氟非交联性单体(c1)可以为具有环状烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。
含环状烃基的丙烯酸酯单体优选为式:CH2=CA21-C(=O)-O-A22所示的化合物。
[式中,A21为氢原子或甲基,A22为碳原子数4~30的含环状烃的基团。]
含环状烃基的丙烯酸酯单体是其均聚物的玻璃化转变温度高(例如50℃以上、特别是80℃以上)的单体。
含环状烃基的丙烯酸酯单体不具有氟代烷基。含环状烃基的丙烯酸酯单体可以含有氟原子,但优选不含氟原子。
A21可以为氢原子。
A22为可以具有链状基团(例如直链状或支链状的烃基)的环状烃基。作为环状烃基,可以列举饱和或不饱和的、单环基、多环基、桥环基等。环状烃基优选为饱和环状烃基。环状烃基的碳原子数为4~30,优选为6~20。作为环状烃基,可以列举:碳原子数4~20、特别是5~12的环状脂肪族基团、碳原子数6~20的芳香族基团、碳原子数7~20的芳香脂肪族基团。环状烃基的碳原子数特别优选在15以下、例如在12以下。环状烃基优选为饱和的环状脂肪族基团。环状烃基的具体例有环己基、叔丁基环己基、异冰片基、二环戊烷基、二环戊烯基、金刚烷基。
作为含环状烃基的丙烯酸酯单体的具体例,可以列举:(甲基)丙烯酸环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸叔丁基环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊氧乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三环戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸金刚烷酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-甲基-2-金刚烷酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-乙基-2-金刚烷酯等。
通过存在含环状烃基的丙烯酸酯单体,共聚物所赋予的拨水性和拨油性提高。
(c2)非氟交联性单体
含氟聚合物可以具有源自非氟交联性单体(c2)的重复单元。非氟交联性单体(c2)是不含氟原子的单体。非氟交联性单体(c2)可以是具有至少2个反应性基团和/或碳-碳双键、且不含氟的化合物。非氟交联性单体(c2)可以为具有至少2个碳-碳双键的化合物、或者具有至少1个碳-碳双键和至少1个反应性基团的化合物。反应性基团的示例有羟基、环氧基、氯甲基、封端异氰酸酯基、氨基、羧基等。非氟交联性单体(c2)可以为具有反应性基团的单(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸酯或单(甲基)丙烯酰胺。或者,非氟交联性单体(c2)可以为二(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
作为非氟交联性单体(c2),例如可以例示二丙酮(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、羟甲基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、羟乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、3-氯-2-羟丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-乙酰乙酰氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丁二烯、异戊二烯、氯丁二烯、缩水甘油基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
通过使非氟非交联性单体(c1)和/或非氟交联性单体(c2)共聚,可以根据需要改善拨水拨油性和防污性、以及这些性能的耐清洁性、耐洗涤性、对溶剂的溶解性、硬度、感触等的各种性质。
在本说明书中,在简称为“丙烯酸酯”或“丙烯酰胺”的情况下,不仅包括α位为氢原子的化合物,也包括α位被其它基团(例如,包括甲基在内的一价的有机基团或卤原子)取代的化合物。在本说明书中,“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”是指丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯,“(甲基)丙烯酰胺”是指丙烯酰胺或甲基丙烯酰胺。
单体(a)、单体(b)、单体(c)(例如单体(c1)和(c2)各自)各自可以单独为1种,或者也可以为2种以上的组合。
在含氟聚合物中,含氟单体(a)的量相对于含氟聚合物可以为20重量%~90重量%,优选为30重量%~80重量%。
在含氟聚合物中,相对于含氟单体(a)100重量份,
卤代烯单体(b)的量为5~300重量份,例如可以为10~200重量份,特别是20~100重量份,特别为30~80重量份,
其它单体(c)的量为0~800重量份,例如可以为1~300重量份,特别是2~200重量份,特别为3~100重量份。
在含氟聚合物中,相对于含氟单体(a)100重量份,
非氟非交联性单体(c1)的量可以为0~500重量份,例如为1~300重量份,特别是2~200重量份,特别为3~100重量份,
非氟交联性单体(c2)的量可以为0~80重量份,例如为0~50重量份,特别是0.1~30重量份,特别为1~20重量份。
含氟聚合物的数均分子量(Mn)通常可以为1000~1000000,例如为5000~500000,特别是3000~200000。含氟聚合物的数均分子量(Mn)通常利用GPC(凝胶渗透色谱法)进行测定。
在本发明中,使单体(a)~(c)共聚,得到在介质中分散或溶解有含氟聚合物的含氟处理剂(表面处理剂组合物)。
可以使单体在选自封端异氰酸酯化合物和有机聚硅氧烷化合物中的至少1种化合物的存在下进行聚合。相对于单体100重量份,封端异氰酸酯化合物(或有机聚硅氧烷化合物)的量可以为0~100重量份,例如为1~50重量份。
通过使单体在封端异氰酸酯化合物的存在下进行聚合,能够得到具有封端异氰酸酯基的含氟聚合物。封端异氰酸酯化合物是利用至少一种封端剂进行封端而得到的异氰酸酯。作为封端剂的示例,可以列举肟类、酚类、醇类、硫醇类、酰胺类、酰亚胺类、咪唑类、脲类、胺类、亚胺类、吡唑类和活性亚甲基化合物类。封端剂的其它示例可以列举吡啶酚类、硫酚类、二酮类和酯类。封端异氰酸酯化合物可以利用具有亲水性基团的化合物改性。
通过使单体在有机聚硅氧烷化合物(例如巯基官能性有机聚硅氧烷、乙烯基官能性有机聚硅氧烷)的存在下进行聚合,可以得到具有硅氧烷基的含氟聚合物。在1个实施方式中,巯基官能性有机聚硅氧烷包含具有下述平均式的硅氧烷单元:
(R2SiO)a(RRNSiO)b(RRSSiO)c
[式中,a为0~4000、0~1000或者0~400,
b为1~1000、1~100或者1~50,
c为1~1000、1~100或者1~50;
R独立地为一价的有机基团、R为碳原子数1~30的烃、R为碳原子数1~12的一价烷基、或者R为甲基;
RN为上述定义的一价的氨基官能性的有机基团,
RS为上述定义的一价的巯基官能性的有机基团。]
相对于含氟处理剂或表面处理剂组合物,含氟聚合物(固体成分)的量可以为约0.01~60重量%、优选约0.1~40重量%、特别优选约5~35重量%的量。
含氟聚合物可以以溶解在有机溶剂中的溶液的形态存在,但优选以水系分散体的形态存在。
[液态介质]
液态介质可以为水性介质。水性介质可以单独为水、或水与(水混和性)有机溶剂的混合物。相对于液态介质,有机溶剂的量可以在30重量%以下、例如10重量%以下(优选0.1%以上)。液态介质优选单独为水。液态介质可以仅为有机溶剂。
相对于含氟处理剂(或表面处理剂组合物),液态介质的量可以为30~99.1重量%,特别是50~99重量%。
[表面活性剂]
含氟处理剂可以含有表面活性剂。在含氟处理剂含有水性介质的情况下,优选含氟处理剂含有表面活性剂。含氟处理剂优选含有含氟聚合物、液态介质(优选为水性介质)和表面活性剂。
在本发明中,表面活性剂可以为选自非离子型表面活性剂、阳离子型表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂中的至少1种。
作为非离子型表面活性剂的示例,可以列举醚、酯、酯醚、烷醇酰胺、多元醇和胺氧化物。
醚的示例有具有氧亚烷基(优选聚氧亚乙基)的化合物。
酯的示例有醇与脂肪酸的酯。醇的示例有1~6元(特别是2~5元)的碳原子数1~50(特别是碳原子数3~30)的醇(例如脂肪族醇)。脂肪酸的示例有碳原子数2~50、特别是碳原子数5~30的饱和或不饱和的脂肪酸。
酯醚的示例有醇与脂肪酸的酯加成有氧亚烷基(特别是氧亚乙基)的化合物。醇的示例有1~6元(特别是2~5元)的碳原子数1~50(特别是碳原子数3~30)的醇(例如脂肪族醇)。脂肪酸的示例有碳原子数2~50、特别是碳原子数5~30的饱和或不饱和的脂肪酸。
烷醇酰胺的示例由脂肪酸和烷醇胺形成。烷醇酰胺可以为单烷醇酰胺或二烷醇氨基。脂肪酸的示例有碳原子数2~50、特别是碳原子数5~30的饱和或不饱和的脂肪酸。烷醇胺可以为具有1~3个氨基和1~5个羟基的碳原子数2~50、特别是5~30的烷醇。
多元醇可以为2~5元的碳原子数3~30的醇。
胺氧化物可以为胺(仲胺或优选叔胺)的氧化物(例如碳原子数5~50)。
非离子型表面活性剂优选为具有氧亚烷基(优选聚氧亚乙基)的非离子型表面活性剂。氧亚烷基中的亚烷基的碳原子数优选为2~10。非离子型表面活性剂的分子中的氧亚烷基的数目通常优选为2~100。
非离子型表面活性剂选自醚、酯、酯醚、烷醇酰胺、多元醇和胺氧化物,优选为具有氧亚烷基的非离子型表面活性剂。
非离子型表面活性剂可以为直链状和/或支链状的脂肪族(饱和和/或不饱和)基的亚烷基氧化物加成物、直链状和/或支链状脂肪酸(饱和和/或不饱和)的聚亚烷基二醇酯、聚氧乙烯(POE)/聚氧丙烯(POP)共聚物(无规共聚物或嵌段共聚物)、乙炔二醇的亚烷基氧化物加成物等。其中,亚烷基氧化物加成部分和聚亚烷基二醇部分的结构优选为聚氧乙烯(POE)、聚氧丙烯(POP)或POE/POP共聚物(可以为无规共聚物,也可以为嵌段共聚物)。
另外,从环境方面的问题(生物分解性、环境激素等)考虑,优选非离子型表面活性剂为不含芳香族基团的结构。
非离子型表面活性剂可以为式:R1O-(CH2CH2O)p-(R2O)q-R3所示的化合物。
[式中,R1为碳原子数1~22的烷基或碳原子数2~22的烯基或酰基,
R2各自独立地相同或不同,为碳原子数3以上(例如3~10)的亚烷基,
R3为氢原子、碳原子数1~22的烷基或碳原子数2~22的烯基,p为2以上的数,
q为0或1以上的数。]
R1优选碳原子数为8~20,特别优选为10~18。作为R1的优选的具体例,可以列举月桂基、十三烷基、油基。
R2的示例有亚丙基、亚丁基。
在非离子型表面活性剂中,p可以为3以上的数(例如5~200)。q可以为2以上的数(例如5~200)。即,-(R2O)q-可以形成聚氧亚烷基链。
非离子型表面活性剂可以为中央具有亲水性的聚氧亚乙基链和疏水性的氧亚烷基链(特别是聚氧亚烷基链)的聚氧亚乙基亚烷基烷基醚。作为疏水性的氧亚烷基链,可以列举氧亚丙基链、氧亚丁基链、苯乙烯链等,其中,优选氧亚丙基链。
优选的非离子型表面活性剂为式:R1O-(CH2CH2O)p-H所示的表面活性剂。
[式中,R1和p的含义同上。]
非离子型表面活性剂的具体例有:
C10H21O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C12H25O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C16H31O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C16H33O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C18H35O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C18H37O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C12H25O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-C12H25
C16H31O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-C16H31
C16H33O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-C12H25
iso-C13H27O-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C10H21COO-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-H
C16H33COO-(CH2CH2O)p-(C3H6O)q-C12H25等。
[式中,p和q的含义同上。]
非离子型表面活性剂的具体例包括亚乙基氧化物与己基苯酚、异辛基苯酚、十六烷醇、油酸、链烷(C12-C16)硫醇、山梨糖醇酐单脂肪酸(C7-C19)或烷基(C12-C18)胺等的缩合生成物。
就聚氧亚乙基嵌段的比例而言,相对于非离子型表面活性剂(共聚物)的分子量,可以为5~80重量%,例如30~75重量%,特别是40~70重量%。
非离子型表面活性剂的平均分子量通常为300~5,000,例如为500~3,000。
非离子型表面活性剂可以单独使用1种,也可以并用2种以上。
非离子型表面活性剂优选为2种以上的组合。在2种以上的组合中,至少1种非离子型表面活性剂可以是R1基(和/或R3基)为支链烷基(例如异十三烷基)的R1O-(CH2CH2O)p-(R2O)q-R3[特别是R1O-(CH2CH2O)p-H]所示的化合物。相对于非离子型表面活性剂的合计100重量份,R1基为支链烷基的非离子型表面活性剂的量可以为5~100重量份,例如为8~50重量份,特别是10~40重量份。在2种以上的组合中,其余的非离子型表面活性剂可以是R1基(和/或R3基)为(饱和和/或不饱和的)直链烷基(例如月桂基(正月桂基))的R1O-(CH2CH2O)p-(R2O)q-R3[特别是R1O-(CH2CH2O)p-H]所示的化合物。
作为非离子型表面活性剂,例如可以列举:聚氧亚乙基烷基醚、聚氧亚乙基烷基苯基醚、聚氧亚乙基脂肪酸酯、山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧亚乙基山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧亚乙基山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、甘油脂肪酸酯、聚氧亚乙基甘油脂肪酸酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚氧亚乙基烷基胺、聚氧亚乙基脂肪酸酰胺、脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺、烷基烷醇酰胺、乙炔二醇、乙炔二醇的氧亚乙基加成物、聚乙二醇聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物等。优选聚氧亚乙基烷基醚和聚氧亚乙基山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯。更优选聚氧亚乙基烷基醚类。
阳离子型表面活性剂可以为胺盐、季铵盐、环氧乙烷加成型铵盐。作为阳离子型表面活性剂的具体例,没有特别限定,可以列举:烷基胺盐、氨基醇脂肪酸衍生物、聚胺脂肪酸衍生物、咪唑啉等胺盐型表面活性剂、烷基三甲基铵盐、二烷基二甲基铵盐、烷基二甲基苄基铵盐、吡啶鎓盐、烷基异喹啉鎓盐、氯化苄基铵等季铵盐型表面活性剂等。
阳离子型表面活性剂的优选的示例有化合物R21-N+(-R22)(-R23)(-R24)X-。
[式中,R21、R22、R23和R24为碳原子数1~30的烃基,
X为阴离子型基团。]
R21、R22、R23和R24的具体例有烷基(例如甲基、丁基、硬脂基、软脂基)。X的具体例有卤素(例如氯)、酸(例如盐酸、醋酸)。
阳离子型表面活性剂特别优选为单烷基三甲基铵盐(烷基的碳原子数4~30)。
阳离子型表面活性剂优选为铵盐。阳离子型表面活性剂可以为式:R1 p-N+R2 qX-所示的铵盐。
[式中,R1为C12以上(例如C12~C50)的直链状和/或支链状的脂肪族(饱和和/或不饱和)基团,
R2为H或C1~C4的烷基、苄基、聚氧亚乙基(氧亚乙基数例如为1(特别是2、特别为3)~50)(特别优选CH3、C2H5),
X为卤原子、C1~C4的脂肪酸盐基,
p为1或2,q为2或3,且p+q=4。]
R1的碳原子数可以为12~50、例如12~30。
作为阳离子型表面活性剂的具体例,可以列举:十二烷基三甲基乙酸铵、三甲基十四烷基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、三甲基十八烷基氯化铵、(十二烷基甲基苄基)三甲基氯化铵、苄基十二烷基二甲基氯化铵、甲基十二烷基二(氢聚氧亚乙基)氯化铵、苄基十二烷基二(氢聚氧亚乙基)氯化铵、N-[2-(二乙基氨基)乙基]油酰胺盐酸盐、二烷基(还原牛脂)二甲基氯化铵等。优选具有氯化铵结构的阳离子乳化剂。进一步优选含有具有十八烷基或十六烷基等长链(例如碳原子数10~30、特别是14~24)的烃基(特别是烷基)的氯化铵结构的阳离子乳化剂。
作为阴离子型表面活性剂的具体例,可以列举:月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、聚氧亚乙基月桂基醚硫酸钠、聚氧亚乙基壬基苯基醚硫酸钠、聚氧亚乙基月桂基醚硫酸三乙醇胺、椰油酰肌氨酸钠、N-椰油酰甲基牛磺酸钠、聚氧亚乙基椰烷基醚硫酸钠、二醚己基磺基琥珀酸钠、α-烯烃磺酸钠、月桂基磷酸钠、聚氧亚乙基月桂基醚磷酸钠、全氟烷基羧酸盐(商品名Unidyne DS-101、102(大金工业株式会社制))等。阴离子型表面活性剂优选为有机酸的盐(例如有机酸与无机碱或胺的盐)。更优选烷基硫酸酯盐(例如ROSO3 -M+)(烷基(R基)的碳原子数例如为8~30。M为碱金属(例如钠或钾))。
作为两性表面活性剂的具体例,可以列举胺氧化物类、苯胺类、咪唑啉鎓甜菜碱类、酰胺甜菜碱类、醋酸甜菜碱等,具体可以列举月桂基甜菜碱、硬脂基甜菜碱、月桂基羧甲基羟乙基咪唑啉鎓甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基氨基醋酸甜菜碱、脂肪酸酰胺丙基二甲基氨基醋酸甜菜碱等。优选胺氧化物类(例如R3N=O(各个R基例如为碳原子数1~30的烃基(特别是烷基))。
非离子型表面活性剂、阳离子型表面活性剂、阴离子型表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂分别可以为1种或2种以上的组合。
含氟处理剂除了含有含氟聚合物、液态介质和表面活性剂之外,还可以含有添加剂。添加剂的示例有含硅化合物、蜡、丙烯酰乳液等。添加剂的其它示例有其它的含氟聚合物、干燥速度调节剂、交联剂、制膜助剂、相溶剂、表面活性剂、防冻结剂、粘度调节剂、紫外线吸收剂、抗氧化剂、pH调节剂、消泡剂、手感调节剂、滑动性调节剂、防静电剂、亲水化剂、抗菌剂、防腐剂、防虫剂、芳香剂、阻燃剂等。
本发明中的含氟聚合物和非氟聚合物可以通过通常的聚合方法的任一种制造,并且,聚合反应的条件也可以任意选择。作为这样的聚合方法,可以列举溶液聚合、悬浮聚合、乳液聚合。
在溶液聚合中,可以采用在聚合引发剂的存在下使单体溶解在有机溶剂中,在氮置换后,在30~120℃的范围内加热搅拌1~10小时的方法。作为聚合引发剂,可以列举例如偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化苯甲酰、二叔丁基过氧化物、月桂基过氧化物、异丙苯过氧化氢、过氧化新戊酸叔丁酯、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯等。相对于单体100重量份,聚合引发剂以0.01~20重量份、例如0.01~10重量份的范围使用。
有机溶剂对单体呈非活性,并能够将单体溶解,例如可以为酯(例如碳原子数2~30的酯,具体有醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯)、酮(例如碳原子数2~30的酮,具体有甲乙酮、二异丁基酮)、醇(例如碳原子数1~30的醇,具体有异丙醇)。作为有机溶剂的具体例,可以列举丙酮、氯仿、HCHC225、异丙醇、戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、环己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、四氢呋喃、1,4-二噁烷、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮、二异丁酮、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、四氯二氟乙烷、三氯三氟乙烷等。相对于单体的合计100重量份,有机溶剂以10~2000重量份、例如50~1000重量份的范围使用。
在乳液聚合中,可以采用在聚合引发剂和乳化剂的存在下,使单体在水中乳化,进行氮置换后,在50~80℃的范围搅拌1~10小时使其聚合的方法。聚合引发剂可以使用过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化月桂酰、过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯、1-羟基环己基过氧化氢、3-羧基丙酰基过氧化物、过氧化乙酰、偶氮二异丁脒二盐酸盐、偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化钠、过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵等水溶性的聚合引发剂或偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化苯甲酰、二叔丁基过氧化物、月桂基过氧化物、异丙苯过氧化氢、过氧化新戊酸叔丁酯、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯等油溶性的聚合引发剂。相对于单体100重量份,聚合引发剂以0.01~10重量份的范围使用。
为了得到放置稳定性优异的聚合物水分散液,优选使用高压均质机或超声波均质机之类的可以赋予强有力的粉碎能量的乳化装置,使单体在水中微粒化并进行聚合。另外,作为乳化剂,可以使用阴离子型、阳离子型或非离子型的各种乳化剂,相对于单体100重量份,以0.5~20重量份的范围使用。优选使用阴离子型和/或非离子型和/或阳离子型的乳化剂。在单体不完全相溶的情况下,优选添加使这些单体充分相溶的相溶剂,例如添加水溶性有机溶剂或低分子量的单体。通过添加相溶剂,能够使乳化性和共聚性提高。
作为水溶性有机溶剂,可以列举丙酮、甲乙酮、醋酸乙酯、丙二醇、二丙二醇单甲醚、二丙二醇、三丙二醇、乙醇等,相对于水100重量份,可以以1~50重量份、例如10~40重量份的范围使用。另外,作为低分子量的单体,可以列举甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、2,2,2-三氟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯等,相对于单体的总量100重量份,可以以1~50重量份、例如10~40重量份的范围使用。
在聚合中可以使用链转移剂。可以对应于链转移剂的使用量来改变聚合物的分子量。链转移剂的示例有月桂基硫醇、硫甘醇、硫甘油等的含硫醇基的化合物(特别是(例如碳原子数1~30的)烷基硫醇)、次磷酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠等无机盐等。相对于单体的总量100重量份,链转移剂的使用量可以以0.01~10重量份、例如0.1~5重量份的范围使用。
本发明的含氟处理剂可以为溶液、乳液(特别是水性分散液)或气溶胶的形态,优选为水性分散液。含氟处理剂含有聚合物(表面处理剂的活性成分)和介质(特别是液态介质、例如有机溶剂和/或水)。例如,相对于含氟处理剂,介质的量可以为5~99.9重量%,特别是10~80重量%。
在含氟处理剂中,聚合物的浓度可以为0.01~95重量%,例如为5~50重量%。
本发明的含氟处理剂可以通过现有已知的方法应用于无纺布基材。通常,可以采用将该含氟处理剂分散于有机溶剂或水中进行稀释,利用浸涂、喷涂、泡沫涂布等已知的方法使其附着于被处理物的表面并进行干燥的方法。另外,也可以根据需要与适当的交联剂一起应用,并进行固化。还可以在本发明的含氟处理剂中添加防虫剂、柔软剂、抗菌剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂、涂料固定剂、防皱剂等而并用。与基材接触的处理液中的聚合物的浓度可以为0.01~10重量%(特别是浸渍涂布的情况),例如为0.05~10重量%。
[无纺布基材]
本发明的无纺布可以通过将含氟处理剂应用于无纺布基材来制造。无纺布基材通常为未处理的无纺布,特别是未应用药剂的无纺布。
构成无纺布基材的纤维的示例有天然纤维、合成纤维、半合成纤维、再生纤维和无机纤维。纤维可以单独使用1种,也可以并用2种以上。
天然纤维的示例有棉、亚麻、木浆等纤维素系纤维、壳多糖、壳聚糖、羊毛、丝。木浆的具体例有细磨木浆(GP)、压力磨细磨木浆(PGW)、热机械浆(TMP)等的机械木浆、针叶树高得率未漂白牛皮纸浆(HNKP、N材)、针叶树漂白牛皮纸浆(NBKP、N材、NB材)、阔叶树未漂白牛皮纸浆(LUKP、L材)、阔叶树漂白牛皮纸浆(LBKP、L材)等化学浆、脱墨浆(DIP)、废纸浆(WP)等旧纸浆或半化学浆(CP)等。
合成纤维的示例有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚三亚甲基对苯二甲酸酯、共聚聚酯等的聚酯;线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯等聚烯烃;尼龙6、尼龙66、尼龙610、尼龙46等聚酰胺;聚丙烯腈等的丙烯酰纤维;聚乙烯醇、聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯。
半合成纤维的示例有醋酸纤维、三醋酸纤维。
再生纤维的示例有人造丝、铜氨纤维、粘液丝纤维(Polynosic rayon)、莱赛尔纤维(Lyocell)、天丝(Tencel)。
无机纤维的示例有玻璃纤维、碳纤维。
构成无纺布基材的纤维优选天然纤维与合成纤维的组合,例如纤维素系纤维与聚酯纤维的组合,特别是木浆纤维与聚酯纤维(例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维)的组合。在天然纤维与合成纤维的组合中,天然纤维与合成纤维的重量比可以为5:95~95:5,例如为30:70~70:30。或者,在无纺布需要强度或耐久性等的情况下,天然纤维与合成纤维的重量比可以为5:95~70:30,例如为10:90~50:50,特别是15:85~45:55。
含氟聚合物可以通过用于用液体对纤维制品进行处理的已知的任意方法应用于无纺布基材。可以将无纺布基材浸渍在液体(含有含氟聚合物的液体、例如溶液或分散液),或者也可以将液体附着或喷雾于无纺布基材。经处理的无纺布基材为了显现拨水拨油性而进行干燥,优选以例如100℃~200℃进行加热。
或者,聚合物可以通过清洗法应用于无纺布基材,例如可以在洗涤应用或干洗法等中应用于无纺布基材。
相对于无纺布基材100重量份,附着于无纺布基材的含氟聚合物的量通常可以为0.001~20重量份,例如为0.01~5重量份,特别是0.05~1重量份。
“处理”是指通过浸渍、喷雾、涂布等将处理剂应用于被处理物。通过处理,作为处理剂有效成分的聚合物浸透于被处理物的内部和/或附着在被处理物的表面。
实施例
以下,列举实施例,对本发明详细地进行说明,但本发明并不限定于这些实施例。
以下,只要没有特殊说明,份、%或比表示重量份、重量%或重量比。
试验的步骤如下所述。
喷淋拨水性试验(Spray)
按照JIS-L-1092进行喷淋拨水性试验。喷淋拨水性试验(如下述记载的表1所示)由拨水性No.表示。
使用体积至少为250ml的玻璃漏斗和能够用20秒~30秒喷出250ml水的喷嘴。试验片框是直径为15cm的金属框。准备尺寸为约20cm×20cm的3片试验片材,将片材固定于试验片固定框,使片材没有皱褶。将喷雾的中心置于片材的中心。在玻璃漏斗中加入室温的水(250mL),向试验片材(经过25秒~30秒的时间)喷雾。将保持框从台上取下,抓住保持框的一端,使前方表面为下侧,用硬物轻轻叩打相反侧的端部。使保持框进一步旋转180°,重复相同的步骤,使过量的水滴落下。按照拨水性从不良到优异的顺序评价为0、50、70、80、90和100的评分,将湿的试验片与湿润比较标准物进行比较。根据3次测定的平均值求取结果。
【表1】
拨水性试验(IPA)
将处理过的试验布在温度21℃、湿度65%的恒温恒湿机中保存4小时以上。试验液(异丙醇(IPA)、水及其混合液、表2所示)也使用以温度21℃保存的试验液。试验在温度21℃、湿度65%的恒温恒湿室中进行。在试验布上平稳地滴加50微升的试验液,放置30秒后,如果液滴残留在试验布上,则该试验液合格。就拨水性而言,将合格的试验液的异丙醇(IPA)含量(体积%)的最大值作为其点数,按照拨水性不良至良好的程度,以FAIL、0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、和10的十二个等级评价。
【表2】
IPR(Water Impact Penetration Resistance)试验
依据AATCC Test Method 42-2000进行IPR试验。
耐水压试验(Hydro Head)
依据AATCC 127-2003耐水压试验法,使用耐水压测定装置测定耐水压。
拉伸强度试验
将处理过的试验布切成15cm×5cm,利用拉伸试验机测定纵向的拉伸强度和横向的拉伸强度。
制造例1
在1000ml高压釜中加入CF3CF2-(CF2CF2)n-CH2CH2OCOC(Cl)=CH2(n=2.0)97.2g、丙烯酸月桂酯73.66g、纯水405g、水性二醇系溶剂34.8g、烷基胺氧化物11.75g、聚氧亚乙基烷基醚6.17g,在搅拌下以60℃用超声波乳化分散15分钟。对高压釜内进行氮置换后,加入氯乙烯43g,添加含偶氮基的水溶性引发剂0.86g和水9g的溶液,以60℃反应5小时,得到聚合物的水性分散液。聚合物的组成与进料单体的组成基本一致。
制造例2
在1000ml高压釜中加入CF3CF2-(CF2CF2)n-CH2CH2OCOC(Cl)=CH2(n=2.0)97.2g、丙烯酸丁酯73.66g、纯水405g、水性二醇系溶剂34.8g、烷基胺氧化物11.75g、聚氧亚乙基烷基醚6.17g,在搅拌下以60℃用超声波乳化分散15分钟。对高压釜内进行氮置换后,加入氯乙烯43g,添加含偶氮基的水溶性引发剂0.86g和水9g的溶液,以60℃反应5小时,得到聚合物的水性分散液。聚合物的组成与进料单体的组成基本一致。
制造例3
在1000ml高压釜中加入CF3CF2-(CF2CF2)n-CH2CH2OCOC(Cl)=CH2(n=2.0)97.2g、丙烯酸月桂酯49.1g、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯24.5g、纯水405g、水性二醇系溶剂34.8g、烷基胺氧化物11.75g、聚氧亚乙基烷基醚6.17g,在搅拌下以60℃用超声波乳化分散15分钟。对高压釜内进行氮置换后,加入氯乙烯43g,添加含偶氮基的水溶性引发剂0.86g和水9g的溶液,以60℃反应5小时,得到聚合物的水性分散液。聚合物的组成与进料单体的组成基本一致。
比较制造例1
在1000ml高压釜中加入CF3CF2-(CF2CF2)n-CH2CH2OCOC(CH3)=CH2(n=2.0)133g、丙烯酸月桂酯37.6g、纯水405g、水性二醇系溶剂34.8g、烷基胺氧化物11.75g、聚氧亚乙基烷基醚6.17g,在搅拌下以60℃用超声波乳化分散15分钟。对高压釜内进行氮置换后,加入氯乙烯43g,添加含偶氮基的水溶性引发剂0.86g和水9g的溶液,以60℃反应5小时,得到聚合物的水性分散液。聚合物的组成与进料单体的组成基本一致。
比较制造例2
在1000ml高压釜中加入CF3CF2-(CF2CF2)n-CH2CH2OCOC(Cl)=CH2(n=2.0)97.2g、丙烯酸硬脂酯73.66g、纯水405g、水性二醇系溶剂34.8g、烷基胺氧化物11.75g、聚氧亚乙基烷基醚6.17g,在搅拌下以60℃用超声波乳化分散15分钟。对高压釜内进行氮置换后,加入氯乙烯43g,添加含偶氮基的水溶性引发剂0.86g和水9g的溶液,以60℃反应5小时,得到聚合物的水性分散液。聚合物的组成与进料单体的组成基本一致。
实施例1
利用纯水对制造例1中制得的水性液体进行稀释,使得含氟聚合物浓度为30%固体成分,之后,将该30%稀释液1.8g、交联剂(封端异氰酸酯)0.20g用纯水进行稀释,制备100g的试验液。将4片木浆/聚酯无纺布(510mm×205mm、木浆/聚酯的重量比30/70)浸渍在该试验溶液中,通入轧液机,以100℃干燥30秒后,以170℃用针板拉幅机处理2分钟。之后,对试验布进行喷淋拨水试验、拨水性试验、耐水压试验、IPA试验、拉伸强度试验。将结果示于表3。
实施例2~4和比较例1
将制造例2~4和比较制造例1中制得的聚合物与实施例1同样地进行处理,进行喷淋拨水性试验、拨水性试验、耐水压试验、IPA试验、拉伸强度试验。将结果示于表3。
表中,简称的含义如下。
简称 | 化合物名·化学式 |
C6SFClA | C6F13CH2CH2OCOC(Cl)=CH2 |
C6SFMA | C6F13CH2CH2OCOC(CH3)=CH2 |
LA | 丙烯酸月桂酯 |
BA | 丙烯酸丁酯 |
StA | 丙烯酸硬脂酯 |
VCM | 氯乙烯 |
IBMA | 甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯 |
【表3】
工业上的可利用性
本发明的无纺布可以在医疗用途、工业材料用途、土木建筑用途、农艺园艺用途等中使用。具体的用途有手术衣、包装布、床单、枕套、纸尿布和生理用卫生巾等。
Claims (12)
1.一种无纺布,其特征在于:
具有(i)无纺布基材、和(ii)附着于无纺布基材的含氟聚合物,
含氟聚合物具有:
(a)源自含氟单体的重复单元,所述含氟单体为具有氟代烷基的α-氯丙烯酸酯;
(b)源自卤代烯单体的重复单元;和
(c1)源自非氟非交联性单体的重复单元,
含氟单体(a)为下式所示的化合物,
CH2=C(-Cl)-C(=O)-Y-Z-Rf
式中,Y为-O-,
Z为直接键合或二价的有机基团,
Rf为碳原子数1~20的氟代烷基,
卤代烯单体(b)是由1~10个氯原子、溴原子或碘原子取代的碳原子数2~20的烯烃,
非氟非交联性单体(c1)为下述(c1-i)式所示的不具有氟代烷基而具有碳原子数在17以下的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体,
(c1-i)式:CH2=CA1 COOA2,
式中,A1为氢原子、甲基或除氟原子以外的卤原子,
A2为CnH2n+1所示的烷基,其中n=4~13,
含氟聚合物不具有源自具有碳原子数在18以上的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的重复单元,
在含氟聚合物中,含氟单体(a)的量相对于含氟聚合物为20重量%~90重量%,
在含氟聚合物中,相对于含氟单体(a)100重量份,卤代烯单体(b)的量为10~200重量份,非氟非交联性单体(c1)的量为3~100重量份,
无纺布基材为作为天然纤维的纤维素系纤维和作为合成纤维的聚酯纤维的组合,天然纤维与合成纤维的重量比为15:85~45:55。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
Z为直接键合、
碳原子数1~20的直链状或支链状脂肪族基团、
碳原子数6~18的芳香族基团或环状脂肪族基团、
式-R2(R1)N-SO2-或式-R2(R1)N-CO-所示的基团、
式-CH2CH(OR3)CH2-[Ar-(O)q]p-所示的基团、
式-(CH2)n-Ar-(O)q-所示的基团、或者
-(CH2)m-SO2-(CH2)n-基或-(CH2)m-S-(CH2)n-基,
其中,式-R2(R1)N-SO2-和式-R2(R1)N-CO-中,R1为碳原子数1~10的烷基,R2为碳原子数1~10的直链亚烷基或支链状亚烷基,
式-CH2CH(OR3)CH2-[Ar-(O)q]p-中,R3为氢原子或碳原子数1~10的酰基、Ar为根据需要具有取代基的亚芳基,p为0或1,q为0或1,
式-(CH2)n-Ar-(O)q-中,Ar为根据需要具有取代基的亚芳基,n为0~10,q为0或1,
式-(CH2)m-SO2-(CH2)n-基和-(CH2)m-S-(CH2)n-中,m为1~10,n为0~10。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
卤代烯单体(b)是选自氯乙烯和偏氯乙烯中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
在(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体(c1-i)中,A2为丁基或月桂基。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
含氟聚合物还具有(c2)源自非氟交联性(甲基)丙烯酸酯或(甲基)丙烯酰胺单体的重复单元。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
含氟聚合物不具有源自具有碳原子数在14以上的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的重复单元。
7.根据权利要求4所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
含氟聚合物不具有源自具有碳原子数在14以上的直链状或支链状的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的重复单元。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
无纺布是由作为交联剂的封端异氰酸酯进行交联而得到的。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
相对于含氟单体(a)100重量份,非氟非交联性单体(c1)的量为1~300重量份。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺布,其特征在于:
附着于无纺布基材的含氟聚合物的量相对于无纺布基材100重量份为0.01~5重量份。
11.一种权利要求1~10中任一项所述的无纺布的制造方法,其特征在于:
将含氟聚合物应用于无纺布基材。
12.如权利要求11所述的无纺布的制造方法,其特征在于:
含氟聚合物以水性分散液的形态存在。
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