CN115577325A - Method for evaluating sound quality and determining limit value of electric drive assembly - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for evaluating sound quality and determining a limit value of an electric drive assembly, which comprises the following steps of: s1, obtaining a sound sample of an electric drive assembly; s2, objective evaluation feature extraction is carried out on the basis of the sound sample in the step S1, and main feature parameters are obtained; s3, carrying out subjective evaluation test on the sound sample to obtain the subjective score of the sound sample; s4, performing multiple linear regression analysis according to the main characteristic parameters and the subjective scores to obtain a regression model for sound quality evaluation of the electric drive assembly; and S5, calculating scores of the plurality of sound samples through a regression model, and obtaining the sound quality grade and the evaluation limit value of the electric drive assembly through a polynomial fitting method. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a sound quality evaluation and limiting method for an electric drive assembly, which promotes the technical development of the noise of the electric drive assembly, is beneficial to further standardizing the electric drive assembly in the industry, and promotes the design and development of the electric drive assembly by clear grading.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating sound quality of an electric drive assembly and determining a limit value.
Background
The new energy automobile develops towards the direction of electromotion, intellectualization and light weight, and an electric drive power assembly system is used as a core component of the new energy automobile and becomes the heart of a hybrid electric automobile, a pure electric automobile and a fuel cell automobile. The whole vehicle demand of new energy vehicles makes the high sound quality performance index become the development key point of the electric drive assembly.
In recent decades, electric vehicles have become the development trend in the future due to a plurality of factors such as petroleum resources, environmental pollution, and greenhouse effect. The electric automobile and the traditional internal combustion engine automobile are different in structure, and the noise characteristics of the electric automobile and the internal combustion engine automobile are greatly changed. The main characteristic of the noise of the traditional internal combustion engine automobile is low-frequency noise, while for the electric automobile, an electric drive assembly is a core structure, and the noise generated by the electric drive assembly is also the most prominent. The noise associated with the electric drive assembly, although lower in intensity than the internal combustion engine, contains significant high frequency components, which give the subjective feeling of being very unpleasant and annoying.
The sound quality problem is closely related to the subjective feeling of people, and the sound quality research of the electric drive assembly can better reflect the subjective judgment of people and shorten the design and development period of the electric drive assembly. The electric drive assembly is graded from the perspective of sound quality, and the control of a supervisor on the industry of the electric drive assembly is facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for evaluating acoustic quality of an electric drive assembly and determining a limit value, which is a research object of an electric drive assembly for a new energy vehicle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for evaluating the sound quality of an electric drive assembly and determining the limit value of the sound quality of the electric drive assembly comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a sound sample of an electric drive assembly;
s2, performing objective evaluation feature extraction based on the sound sample in the step S1 to obtain main feature parameters;
s3, carrying out subjective evaluation test on the sound sample to obtain the subjective score of the sound sample;
s4, performing multiple linear regression analysis according to the main characteristic parameters and the subjective scores to obtain a regression model for sound quality evaluation of the electric drive assembly;
and S5, calculating scores of the sound samples through a regression model, and obtaining the sound quality grade and the evaluation limit value of the electric drive assembly through a polynomial fitting method.
Further, in step S1, the following steps are included:
s101, collecting noises of electric drive assemblies of different models in the current market;
and S102, intercepting the collected sound samples to the same length, generally taking 3-5S, and establishing an electric drive assembly sound sample library.
Further, in step S2, the following steps are included:
s201, performing objective test on the collected sound sample to obtain an objective parameter calculation result;
and S202, based on the objective parameters obtained in the step S201, obtaining the main characteristic parameters of the sound sample by adopting a kernel function-based principal component analysis method.
Further, in step S3, the following steps are included:
s301, based on the sound samples in the step S1, carrying out subjective evaluation test by adopting a pairwise comparison method to obtain a subjective evaluation result of the sound samples;
and S302, carrying out validity check based on the subjective evaluation result obtained in the step S301, eliminating error data, and obtaining a valid subjective score of the sound sample.
Further, in step S4, the following steps are included:
and S401, taking the main characteristic parameters extracted in the step S2 as input, taking the subjective evaluation scores in the step S3 as output, and performing sound quality modeling on the electric drive assembly by adopting a multivariate linear regression method.
Further, in step S5, the following steps are included:
s501: obtaining scores of a plurality of sound samples based on the electric drive assembly sound quality regression model obtained in the step S4;
s502, obtaining an acoustic quality evaluation limit value of the electric drive assembly by a polynomial fitting method;
s503, determining the number of the grade numbers and grade names of the sound quality evaluation of the electric drive assembly.
An electronic device includes a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor for storing processor-executable instructions, the processor being configured to perform a method for electric drive assembly acoustic quality assessment and limit determination.
A server comprising at least one processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executable by the processor to cause the at least one processor to perform a method for electric drive assembly acoustic quality assessment and limit determination.
A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements an electric drive assembly acoustic quality assessment and limit determination method.
Compared with the prior art, the method for evaluating the sound quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method for evaluating the sound quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly promotes the technical development of the noise of the electric drive assembly, and the method for evaluating the sound quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly is provided by the invention, so that the further standardization of the electric drive assembly in the industry is facilitated, and the design and development of the electric drive assembly are promoted by the definite grade division;
(2) According to the method for evaluating the sound quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly, the basis is provided for an industry supervisor by providing the method for evaluating the sound quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly, the technical progress is promoted, and the innovation and the development of the industry are promoted.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for evaluating acoustic quality and determining a limit value of an electric drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reverse order false positive rate and a triangular loop false positive rate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical illustration of the acoustic quality limit for an electric drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out noise test on an electric drive assembly to obtain a sound sample, and establishing an electric drive assembly sound sample database; obtaining main objective characteristic parameters of the electric drive assembly by a characteristic extraction method; subjective evaluation is carried out by adopting a pair comparison method, and after data effectiveness screening, a subjective evaluation result of the electric drive assembly is obtained; establishing an acoustic quality evaluation model of the electric drive assembly through multivariate linear regression analysis; obtaining the sound quality grade and the evaluation limit value of the electric drive assembly by adopting a polynomial fitting method; an electrical drive assembly acoustic quality evaluation and limit determination process is shown in fig. 1, and the technical solution provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the following detailed description is only used for illustrating the present invention and is not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In this embodiment, the method may specifically include the following steps:
step 1: obtaining an electric drive assembly sound sample
The electric drive assembly mainly comprises a drive motor, a speed reducer and a controller, is a main drive source of the electric automobile and is used for realizing the functions of driving, accelerating, decelerating, backing and the like of various complex conditions of the automobile. Selecting electric drive assemblies of different models as research objects to collect sound, intercepting collected sound samples to the same length, generally taking 3-5s, and establishing an electric drive assembly sound sample library, wherein the sound sample collection test mainly comprises the following steps:
the electric drive assembly is used as a research object and is arranged on a test bed of a semi-anechoic chamber in a finished automobile suspension mode, the test bed mainly comprises the electric drive assembly, a load motor, a transmission shaft, a coupling and the like, and during test, the load motor is transmitted to an output shaft of a reducer of the electric drive assembly through the transmission shaft and the coupling, so that the running working condition of the load motor is changed, and the rotating speed and the torque of the electric drive assembly during running are simulated. In order to reduce the influence of the noise of the load motor and other parts on the tested electric drive assembly, the load motor is arranged outside the semi-anechoic chamber, the part connected with the tested electric drive assembly is isolated by using an acoustic shield, and each measuring point is horizontal to the axis of the electric drive assembly and is 1m away from the shell of the assembly. And selecting a stable working condition of 12000r/min as a test working condition, and setting the signal acquisition time to be 10s, the sampling frequency to be 48000Hz and the frequency resolution to be 1Hz when recording noise signals.
And 2, step: objective parameter extraction for electric drive assembly
Performing objective tests based on the sound samples in the step 1 to obtain objective parameter calculation results; based on the obtained objective parameters, a principal component analysis method based on a kernel function is adopted to obtain main characteristic parameters of the sound sample;
and 3, step 3: subjective evaluation test of electric drive assembly
Based on the sound samples obtained in the step 1, carrying out subjective evaluation test by adopting a pairwise comparison method to obtain a subjective evaluation result of the sound samples; based on the obtained subjective evaluation result, carrying out validity check, eliminating error data and obtaining the valid subjective score of the sound sample; specifically, the subjective evaluation test mainly comprises the following steps:
in a quiet listening room, the electric drive assembly was subjectively evaluated using a pair-wise comparison. All members in the test have normal hearing and NVH related working experience, and the members participating in subjective evaluation are preferably 15-30 people, so that on one hand, the accuracy of subjective evaluation results can be ensured, and meanwhile, the time required by the subjective evaluation can be reduced.
If the number of noise samples is n according to the pairwise comparison method, a total evaluation is required
And each auditor evaluates the time within 20-30 minutes, the longest time is not more than 45 minutes, and for the subjective evaluation test, the number of noise samples is 6, and the evaluation needs to be carried out for 30 times. The playback software adopts self-programming listening and reviewing software, provides high-quality and high-resolution sound, reduces distortion and rendering of the sound in a full frequency band, effectively ensures consistency of an evaluation environment and an actual test environment, and can truly reflect subjective feeling of human ears.
And (4) sequentially selecting two groups of A/B sounds by hearing and auditors, and carrying out the next group after each group of sounds is judged. In order to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the subjective evaluation result, the subjective evaluation result needs to be subjected to effectiveness test to remove unreliable results.
1) Negative sequence misjudgment test
The reverse order misjudgment refers to misjudgment generated when an evaluator plays a group of different sounds in different orders, namely, when the A/B and B/A evaluation results are inconsistent during subjective evaluation, the judgment is recorded as a reverse order misjudgment. By recording the subjective evaluation result and counting the times of occurrence of negative sequence misjudgment, the negative sequence misjudgment rate can be calculated, and the negative sequence misjudgment rate of 24-bit auditors is shown in fig. 2.
2) Triangular circulation test
The triangular cycle misjudgment refers to misjudgment of an evaluator in a process of evaluating three pairs of sounds, for example: there are three groups of sounds respectively noted: A-B, B-C and A-C, when the evaluation result shows that A is better than B, B is better than C and C is better than A, misjudgment occurs. In order to realize the triangle loop misjudgment calculation through programming, the triangle loop misjudgment of the ijk three sounds is summarized into the following three cases:
the triangular cycle misjudgment rate of the 24-bit auditor can be calculated through Matlab programming, as shown in figure 2.
In order to comprehensively reflect the effectiveness of the subjective evaluation result, the influence of two misjudgments is comprehensively considered, and the weighted consistency coefficient is used as an evaluation standard.
Wherein E i For the number of times of the i-th misjudgment, C i The judgment error rate is the judgment error rate of the ith judgment error. The weighted consistency factor is:
the consistency coefficient of the subjective evaluation weighting of the listening and examining is shown in the table, and 22 evaluators with the weighting consistency coefficient more than or equal to 0.7 are reserved to listen and examine results.
TABLE 1 weighted uniformity coefficient
| Listening and examining |
1 | 2 | 3 | …… | 24 |
| Coefficient of uniformity | 0.92 | 0.85 | 0.96 | 0.91 |
3) Spearman test
After the monomer inspection, hearing and auditing data with the weighting consistency coefficient lower than 0.7 are removed, effective data of individual subjective evaluation are obtained, but results of different evaluators may have differences, in order to better measure the differences, a spearman inspection is adopted to carry out correlation analysis on different evaluation members, the spearman correlation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula, the spearman correlation coefficient of the evaluation results of 22 hearing and auditing personnel is shown in the following table, and the subjective evaluation results after the reverse order misjudgment inspection and the triangular cycle inspection have better correlation.
Wherein r is a spearman correlation coefficient, rg (a) and rg (b) respectively represent the rank of subjective evaluation data, and n represents the quantity of the subjective evaluation result data.
TABLE 2 subjective evaluation results Spierman correlation coefficient
| Listening and examining |
1 | 2 | 3 | …… | 22 |
| 1 | 1 | 0.97 | 0.91 | …… | 0.88 |
| 2 | 0.97 | 1 | 0.96 | …… | 0.93 |
| 3 | 0.91 | 0.96 | 1 | …… | 0.94 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
| 22 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.94 | …… | 1 |
After the two groups of subjective evaluation data are removed after the test, the effective subjective evaluation results of 22 auditors on 6 electric drive assembly noise samples can be obtained.
TABLE 3 subjective evaluation of sound samples for electric drive assemblies
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | …… | 6 |
| Score average | 8.00 | 6.59 | -7.95 | …… | 2.04 |
And 4, step 4: establishing an acoustic quality evaluation model of an electric drive assembly
Based on the main objective evaluation characteristic parameters of the electric drive assembly obtained in the step 2 and the subjective evaluation results obtained in the step 3, a multivariate linear regression analysis method is adopted to carry out sound quality modeling on the electric drive assembly, and the obtained sound quality evaluation model of the electric drive power assembly is as follows:
SQ＝a 1 S+a 2 T+k
SQ is the subjective score of the electric drive powertrain, a 1 、a 2 The coefficient is a regression coefficient of an equation, S and T are main characteristic parameters of the electric drive power assembly, and k is a constant term.
And 5: electric drive assembly acoustic quality rating and limit determination
Obtaining the subjective scores of the n sound samples based on the electric drive assembly sound quality regression model obtained in the step 4; obtaining an acoustic quality evaluation limit value of the electric drive assembly by a polynomial fitting method; the method for determining the grade number and grade name of the electric drive sound quality evaluation comprises the following steps:
based on the n sound samples of the electric drive powertrain, two characteristic parameter results of the n sound samples of the electric drive powertrain are calculated and obtained, as shown in the following table:
TABLE 4 results of characteristic parameters of electric drive assemblies
Based on the electric drive assembly sound quality evaluation model established in the step 4, calculating a subjective evaluation result set Y = [ Y ] of n electric drive power assembly sound samples 1 ,y 2 ,…,y n ] T As shown in the table below:
TABLE 5 subjective evaluation results of electric drive Assembly
Electrically driven powertrain sound sample X = [ X ] 1 、x 2 、…、x n ]And carrying out polynomial fitting corresponding to the subjective evaluation result Y, and solving the polynomial SQ (x) to ensure that the sum of squares of the errors is minimum, namely
Wherein SQ (x) represents the fitting value, R min Representing the minimum of the fitting error.
The polynomial fitting coefficient can be obtained through the calculation, so that a polynomial fitting equation is obtained.
SQ(x)＝b 0 +b 1 x 1 +...+b n x n
According to the fitting equation, the degree of satisfaction of the acoustic quality of the electric drive assembly is divided into six grades, and corresponding limit value standards are given for different grades, as shown in figure 3.
TABLE 6 Acoustic quality Limit for electric drive Assembly
Of course, the currently available sound quality evaluation limit of the electric drive assembly can be adjusted in view of promoting technological progress, promoting industrial innovation and development, and the level of manufacturers, etc., balancing different requirements of manufacturers, consumers and government policies.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and method steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of clearly illustrating the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed method and system may be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division, and other division manners may be available in actual implementation, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. The units may or may not be physically separate, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for evaluating the sound quality of an electric drive assembly and determining a limit value of the sound quality of the electric drive assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, obtaining a sound sample of an electric drive assembly;
s2, performing objective evaluation feature extraction based on the sound sample in the step S1 to obtain main feature parameters;
s3, carrying out subjective evaluation test on the sound sample to obtain a subjective score of the sound sample;
s4, performing multiple linear regression analysis according to the main characteristic parameters and the subjective scores to obtain a regression model for sound quality evaluation of the electric drive assembly;
and S5, calculating scores of the sound samples through a regression model, and obtaining the sound quality grade and the evaluation limit value of the electric drive assembly through a polynomial fitting method.
2. The method for evaluating the acoustic quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the steps of:
s101, collecting noises of electric drive assemblies of different models in the current market;
and S102, intercepting the collected sound samples to the same length, generally taking 3-5S, and establishing an electric drive assembly sound sample library.
3. A method for evaluating acoustic quality and determining a limit value of an electric drive assembly according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the method comprises the steps of:
s201, performing objective test on the collected sound sample to obtain an objective parameter calculation result;
and S202, based on the objective parameters obtained in the step S201, obtaining the main characteristic parameters of the sound sample by adopting a kernel function-based principal component analysis method.
4. The method for evaluating the acoustic quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the method comprises the following steps:
s301, based on the sound samples in the step S1, carrying out subjective evaluation test by adopting a pairwise comparison method to obtain a subjective evaluation result of the sound samples;
and S302, carrying out validity check based on the subjective evaluation result obtained in the step S301, eliminating error data, and obtaining the valid subjective score of the sound sample.
5. The method for evaluating the acoustic quality and determining the limit value of the electric drive assembly according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the method comprises the following steps:
and S401, taking the main characteristic parameters extracted in the step S2 as input, taking the subjective evaluation score in the step S3 as output, and performing sound quality modeling on the electric drive assembly by adopting a multiple linear regression method.
6. A method for evaluating acoustic quality and determining limits of an electric drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S5 it comprises the steps of:
s501: obtaining scores of a plurality of sound samples based on the electric drive assembly sound quality regression model obtained in the step S4;
s502, obtaining an acoustic quality evaluation limit value of the electric drive assembly through a polynomial fitting method;
s503, determining the number of grades and grade names for sound quality evaluation of the electric drive assembly.
7. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor and configured to store processor-executable instructions, wherein: the processor is configured to perform a method for acoustic quality assessment and limit determination for an electric drive assembly as claimed in any of claims 1-6.
8. A server, characterized by: comprising at least one processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executable by the processor to cause the at least one processor to perform a method of electric drive assembly acoustic quality assessment and limit determination as recited in any one of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program when executed by a processor implements a method of electric drive assembly acoustic quality assessment and limit determination as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN115796705A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-03-14 | 中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司 | NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) grading evaluation method for electric drive assembly of new energy automobile |
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| CN115796705A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-03-14 | 中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司 | NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) grading evaluation method for electric drive assembly of new energy automobile |
| CN117238319A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-15 | 赛胜(常熟)声学科技有限公司 | A method for quantifying the sound quality of vehicle acceleration and interior noise |
| CN117238319B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-12-24 | 赛胜(常熟)声学科技有限公司 | A method for quantifying the sound quality of noise inside a car during acceleration |
| CN117407650A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-01-16 | 中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司 | Noise quality level evaluation method for driving motor system |
| CN117407650B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-04-09 | 中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司 | Noise quality level evaluation method for driving motor system |
| CN119043746A (en) * | 2024-10-31 | 2024-11-29 | 中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司 | NVH performance analysis method, device, equipment, medium and product of electric drive system |
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