CN115557909A - 一种电子传输类有机电致发光化合物、包含其的有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents
一种电子传输类有机电致发光化合物、包含其的有机电致发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115557909A CN115557909A CN202211218005.2A CN202211218005A CN115557909A CN 115557909 A CN115557909 A CN 115557909A CN 202211218005 A CN202211218005 A CN 202211218005A CN 115557909 A CN115557909 A CN 115557909A
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- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAQFCILFQVZOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene-9,10-dione;methane Chemical compound C.C.C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 HAQFCILFQVZOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthrone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3CC2=C1 RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005311 nuclear magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002964 pentacenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003220 pyrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003413 spiro compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran Chemical compound S1C=CC=C=C1 IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机光电材料领域,具体涉及一种电子传输类有机电致发光化合物、包含其的有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
有机电致发光(EL)是指有机材料在电场作用下,将电能直接转化为光能的一种发光现象。其具有自发光、颜色鲜艳亮丽、厚度薄、质量轻、响应速度快、视角广、驱动电压低、耐受苛刻自然条件、可做成柔性面板等特点,逐渐发展成为新一代平板显示领域最具优势技术。
关于有机电致发光器件(OEL),即有机发光二极管(OLED)的研究起始于上世纪50年代。一般的有机电致发光器件是由阴极、阳极和位于二者之间的有机物层构成的。一般阳极为透明ITO,阴极由LiAl等组成。其中的有机物层包括空穴注入层(HIL)、空穴传输层(HTL)、电子阻挡层(EBL)、发光层(EL)、空穴阻挡层(HBL)、电子传输层(ETL)、电子注入层(EIL)。两个电极之间形成电压,一边从阴极注入电子,另一边从阳极注入空穴,注入的电子和空穴在发光层再结合,其电子状态从基态转向激发态。因为激发态极其不稳定,激发态又回到稳定的基态。这时,能量被释放,表现为光的形式。
随着市场对有机EL器件要求不断的提高,具有高效率、长寿命的器件成为了发展趋势。然而适合的材料十分难于寻找。三(8-羟基喹啉)铝(Alq3)作为电子传输材料自发明以来使用了将近30年,而且有较多的资料证明其比常规材料优异。但其作为电子传输材料,有向其他层移动等因素制约了其应用。
因此开发一种符合实用性要求的新型电子传输材料成为了本领域人员亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种具有优秀的发光效率和/或较低的驱动电压以及长的使用寿命的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种电子传输类有机电致发光化合物。
采用如下技术方案:
一种电子传输类有机电致发光化合物,具有如下结构通式:
其中,m表示0-1的整数,n表示0-1的整数;但m和n不同时为0;
X独立地表示-C(R1)(R2)-、-O-或-N(R3)-;
Y独立地表示-C(R1)1(R2)-、-O-或-S-;
L1、L2各自独立的表示为单键、经取代或未经取代的C6-C30亚芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元-20元亚杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;
R1、R2彼此相同或不同,并且各自独立地为氢、氘、卤素、氰基、取代或未经取代的C1-C6烷基,且R1、R2都不与相邻取代基成环;
R3表示取代或未经取代的C3-C30环烷基、取代或未经取代的3元-20元杂环烷基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代C6-C30芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元-30元杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的3元-30元杂芳基胺基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的C6~C60芳基胺基;
Ar1-Ar4彼此相同或不同,并且各自独立地表示取代或未经取代的C3-C30环烷基、取代或未经取代的3元-20元杂环烷基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的3元-30元杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的3元-15元杂芳基胺基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的C6~C60芳基胺基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C60芳氧基、经取代或未经取代的C10~C30稠环基、取代或未取代的C5-C30螺环基中的一种或多种。
本发明公开的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物为螺环类电子传输材料,通过螺环的位阻效应,增加了分子间距离,使分子间不易结晶,不易聚集,从而有利于形成非晶无序薄膜。同时,相比于现有技术,螺环结构采用了氧杂蒽型螺环,因为螺环上SP3杂化的C以及不参与共轭的醚键的存在,在保证分子量增加的同时,有效的缩短了整体分子的共轭区间,提高了三线态能级。保证电子传输能力的同时,增加了对发光激子外扩的限制作用。使得器件的发光效率得到提高,寿命得到延长,驱动电压降低。
进一步的,所述通式I的具体结构包括:
更进一步的,所述L1、L2各自独立的表示为:
取代或未取代的苯基、萘基、甲苯基、菲基、蒽基、联苯基、三亚苯基、芘基、螺双芴基、苝基、茚基、薁基、苯并菲基、吡咯基、呋喃基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻吩基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噻二唑基、噁二唑基、咪唑基、吡唑基、三氮唑、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、吖啶基、嘌呤基、蝶啶基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并噁二唑基、苯并恶唑基、噌啉、喹喔啉基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、菲啰啉基、吲嗪基、萘啶基或酞嗪基。
更进一步的,所述L1、L2各自独立的表示为单键、苯基、萘基、联苯基、苯基萘基或甲苯基。
更进一步的,所述Ar1-Ar4彼此相同或不同,并且各自独立地表示为以下结构:
其中,R4表示经取代或未经取代的C6-C20芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元-10元杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫。
值得说明的是,本发明中,“*”表示为连接点。所述术语“取代”指被选自以下的一个、两个或更多个取代基取代:氘、氰基、卤素、硝基、羟基、磷酸基、硼烷基、硅基、C1~C8烷基、C2~C15烯基、C2~C10炔基、C6~C20芳基、C3~C10杂芳基、C1~C10烷氧基、C6~C20芳基氨基中的一种或多种。
更进一步的,通式1由以下式(1)-(276)中的任一表示:
为了本发明的具体实现,现提供一种所属领域的技术人员已知的制备方法。值得说明的,该制备方法不属于本发明公开的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物的制备方法的限制,所有通过本领域技术人员已知的合成方法,且不经过创造性劳动获得的制备方法均属于本发明制备方法领域的现有技术。
一种电子传输类有机电致发光化合物的制备方法:
当X为N时:
原料A(1.0eq)加入到反应瓶中,加入溶剂DCM。再加入三乙胺(2.0eq),氮气保护下,0℃下滴加原料B(1.2eq),滴加完毕后升至室温搅拌反应3h。用二氯甲烷:石油醚=1:4(体积比)混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化,获得中间体1-1。
将中间体1-1(1.0eq)和原料C(1.0eq)溶于甲苯后,在N2氛围下加入Pd2(dba)3(0.01eq)、P(t-Bu)3(0.05eq)和t-BuONa(2.0eq),升温至100-120℃并搅拌反应10-12h,反应结束后使用硅藻土趁热抽滤,除去盐和催化剂,滤液冷却至室温后,将蒸馏水添加到滤液中进行洗涤,分液后保留有机相,用乙酸乙酯萃取水相,然后使用硫酸镁干燥合并后的有机层,并使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体2-1。
将中间体2-1(1.0eq)和活性二氧化锰(10.0eq)加入到反应瓶中,加入DCM溶剂,升温到50℃反应过夜。随后过滤,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂,得到中间体3-1。
当Y为C时:
将原料a(1.0eq)和碳酸钾(1.5eq)加入到反应瓶中,加入DMF溶剂,并搅拌。室温时滴加碘甲烷(1.0eq),升温至100℃后,反应1h再滴加碘甲烷(2.0eq),反应2h后,再滴碘甲烷(2.0eq),反应过夜。降至室温,将反应液倒入冷水中,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取,再水洗两遍,随后用无水硫酸镁干燥10min,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体1-2。
将中间体1-2(1.0eq),加入到三口瓶中,在加入THF溶液,氮气保护下,降温至-78℃,并搅拌30min。然后加入n-BuLi(1.2eq),反应2h。加入硼酸三异丙酯(1.2eq),反应1h,并逐渐升温反应过夜。然后加入盐酸酸化,将PH值调到3-4,搅拌30min。然后分液,保留有机相,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;将有机物加入到石油醚中加热到50℃,并搅拌1h,然后降至室温,抽滤并干燥,得到中间体2-2。
在氮气保护下,将中间体2-2(1.0eq)和原料b(1.0eq)溶于甲苯、乙醇和水溶液中,加入碳酸钾(2.0eq),四三苯基磷钯(0.05eq),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应6h;反应结束后,滤液冷却至室温后分液,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V:V=2:1)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得中间体3-2。
当Y为O、S时:合成过程与上述合成过程相同,此处不多赘述。
其中,
通式1-1、1-2的合成过程:
在氮气保护下,将中间体3-1(1.0eq)加入到三口瓶中,加入无水四氢呋喃,随后将反应体系降温至-78℃,滴加n-BuLi(1.2eq),搅拌2h。将中间体3-2(1.2eq)溶于四氢呋喃溶液中,然后滴加至上述反应体系中,滴加完毕后升温至室温,并搅拌10h。然后,加入饱和氯化铵溶液猝灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取反应液3次,合并有机相,并相继用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,之后用无水硫酸镁干燥。然后将干燥得到的固体加入乙醇溶液中,并升温至80℃,搅拌5h,随后趁热将溶液抽滤,得到固体,然后用石油醚淋洗,烘干,制备得到中间体4;
将中间体4(1.0eq)加入三口瓶中,加入DCM溶液,搅拌均匀,随后降温至0℃,然后将TfOH(4.0eq)滴加到上述溶液中,反应4h。升至室温,分液,收集有机相,加入无水硫酸镁干燥,通过旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体5。
当n=1、m=0时:
在氮气保护下,将中间体5(1.0eq)和原料1(1.0eq)溶于甲苯、乙醇和水溶液中,加入碳酸钾(2.0eq),四三苯基磷钯(0.05eq),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应6h;反应结束后,滤液冷却至室温后分液,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V:V=2:1)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得中间体6-1。
在氮气保护下,将中间体6-1(1.0eq)和原料2(1.0eq)溶于甲苯、乙醇和水的混合溶液中,加入碳酸钾(2.0eq),四三苯基磷钯(0.05eq),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应6h;反应结束后,滤液冷却至室温后,水洗三遍,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V二氯甲烷:V石油醚=10:4)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得通式1-1。
当n=0、m=1时,制备通式1-2:合成过程与上述n=1、m=0时的合成过程相同,在此不再一一赘述。
当n=1、m=1时,制备通式1-3:合成过程与上述n=1、m=0时的合成过程相同,在此不再一一赘述。
制备路线为:
当X为N时:
当Y为C时:
当Y为O S时:
其中,Ar1~Ar4、L1、L2、X、Y、m和n如上述通式I的定义。
当L1、L2表示单键时,通式1-1、1-2、1-3可由中间体5和原料2或原料3进行后续的合成。
其中,Hal1-Hal6独立选自卤素:氯、溴或碘。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种有机电致发光器件,包括第一电极、第二电极以及至少一层设置在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的有机物层,所述有机层包含一种或多种如权利要求1~7任一所述的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物。
进一步的,所述有机电致发光器件包括阳极、阴极、光取出层和置于所述阳极和阴极之间的一个或多个有机物层;且,
所述有机物层至少包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、发光层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层及电子注入层中的一种;且,
所述电子传输层包含一种或多种如权利要求1~7任一所述的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物。
本发明对所述有机电致发光器件的制备方法并无限定,优选利用薄膜蒸镀、电子束蒸发或物理气相沉积等方法在基板上蒸镀金属及具有导电性的氧化物及它们的合金形成阳极,然后在其上形成有机物层及蒸镀阴极,得到有机电致发光器件。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种螺环类电子传输材料,通过螺环的位阻效应,增加了分子间距离,使分子间不易结晶,不易聚集,从而有利于形成非晶无序薄膜。同时,相比于现有技术,螺环结构采用了氧杂蒽型螺环,因为螺环上SP3杂化的C以及不参与共轭的醚键的存在,在保证分子量增加的同时,有效的缩短了整体分子的共轭区间,提高了三线态能级。保证电子传输能力的同时,增加了对发光激子外扩的限制作用。使得器件的发光效率得到提高,寿命得到延长,驱动电压降低。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1制备的化合物1的核磁共振谱图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言,由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应,所以描述的比较简单,相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
实施例1:化合物1的合成
将原料a-1(30.00mmol)和碳酸钾(45.00mmol)加入到反应瓶中,加入60.00mL DMF溶剂,并搅拌。室温时滴加碘甲烷(30.00mmol),升温至100℃后,反应1h再滴加碘甲烷(60.00mmol),反应2h后,再滴碘甲烷(60.00mmol),反应过夜。降至室温,将反应液倒入冷水中,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取,再水洗两遍,随后用无水硫酸镁干燥10min,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体1-2(4.84g,产率:72.4%)。
将中间体1-2(20.17mmol),加入到三口瓶中,在加入50.00mL THF溶液,氮气保护下,降温至-78℃,并搅拌30min。然后加入n-BuLi(24.20mmol),反应2h。加入硼酸三异丙酯(24.20mmol),反应1h,并逐渐升温反应过夜。然后加入盐酸酸化,将PH值调到3-4,搅拌30min。然后分液,保留有机相,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;将有机物加入到石油醚中加热到50℃,并搅拌1h,然后降至室温,抽滤并干燥,得到中间体2-2(3.27g,产率:86.7%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体2-2(16.04mmol)和原料b-3(16.04mmol)溶于80.00mL甲苯、乙醇和水溶液中,加入碳酸钾(32.08mmol),四三苯基磷钯(0.80mmol),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应6h;反应结束后,滤液冷却至室温后分液,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V:V=2:1)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得中间体3-2(3.00g,产率:61.7%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体3-1(6.97mmol)加入到三口瓶中,加入40.00mL无水四氢呋喃,随后将反应体系降温至-78℃,滴加n-BuLi(8.36mmol),搅拌2h。将中间体3-2(8.36mmol)溶于40.00mL四氢呋喃溶液中,然后滴加至上述反应体系中,滴加完毕后升温至室温,并搅拌10h。然后,加入饱和氯化铵溶液猝灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取反应液3次,合并有机相,并相继用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,之后用无水硫酸镁干燥。然后将干燥得到的固体加入乙醇溶液中,并升温至80℃,搅拌5h,随后趁热将溶液抽滤,得到固体,然后用石油醚淋洗,烘干,制备得到中间体4(1.73g,产率:82.3%)。
将中间体4(3.26mmol)加入三口瓶中,加入20.00mL DCM溶液,搅拌均匀,随后降温至0℃,然后将TfOH(13.04mmol)滴加到上述溶液中,反应4h。升至室温,分液,收集有机相,加入无水硫酸镁干燥,通过旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体5(1.37g,产率:83.7%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体5(2.58mmol)和原料3-1(2.58mmol)溶于40.00mL甲苯溶液中,加入三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.03mmol),三叔丁基膦(0.13mmol)及叔丁醇钠(5.16mmol),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应5h;反应结束后,稍降温度至75℃,使用硅藻土进行过滤,除去盐以及催化剂,滤液冷却至室温后,水洗三遍,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V二氯甲烷:V石油醚=10:4)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得化合物-1(1.54g,产率:91.4%,Mw:655.85),并通过核磁进行结构表征(图1)。
对所得化合物-1进行检测分析,结果如下:
HPLC纯度:>99%。
MS(ESI,m/z):[M+H]+:656.86。
元素分析:
计算值为:C,87.91;H,5.69;N,6.41。
测试值为:C,87.64;H,5.82;N,6.66。
实施例2:化合物24的合成
将原料a-24(30.00mmol)和碳酸钾(45.00mmol)加入到反应瓶中,加入60.00mLDMF溶剂,并搅拌。室温时滴加碘甲烷(30.00mmol),升温至100℃后,反应1h再滴加碘甲烷(60.00mmol),反应2h后,再滴碘甲烷(60.00mmol),反应过夜。降至室温,将反应液倒入冷水中,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取,再水洗两遍,随后用无水硫酸镁干燥10min,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体1-2(5.03g,产率:75.2%)。
将中间体1-2(20.17mmol),加入到三口瓶中,在加入50.00mL THF溶液,氮气保护下,降温至-78℃,并搅拌30min。然后加入n-BuLi(24.20mmol),反应2h。加入硼酸三异丙酯(24.20mmol),反应1h,并逐渐升温反应过夜。然后加入盐酸酸化,将PH值调到3-4,搅拌30min。然后分液,保留有机相,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;将有机物加入到石油醚中加热到50℃,并搅拌1h,然后降至室温,抽滤并干燥,得到中间体2-2(3.23g,产率:85.3%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体2-2(15.95mmol)和原料b-24(15.95mmol)溶于80.00mL甲苯、乙醇和水溶液中,加入碳酸钾(31.90mmol),四三苯基磷钯(0.80mmol),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应6h;反应结束后,滤液冷却至室温后分液,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V:V=2:1)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得中间体3-2(3.13g,产率:58.9%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体3-1(7.49mmol)加入到三口瓶中,加入20.00mL无水四氢呋喃,随后将反应体系降温至-78℃,滴加n-BuLi(8.99mmol),搅拌2h。将中间体3-2(8.99mmol)溶于30.00mL四氢呋喃溶液中,然后滴加至上述反应体系中,滴加完毕后升温至室温,并搅拌10h。然后,加入饱和氯化铵溶液猝灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取反应液3次,合并有机相,并相继用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,之后用无水硫酸镁干燥。然后将干燥得到的固体加入乙醇溶液中,并升温至80℃,搅拌5h,随后趁热将溶液抽滤,得到固体,然后用石油醚淋洗,烘干,制备得到中间体4(2.17g,产率:60.7%)。
将中间体4(4.19mmol)加入三口瓶中,加入25.00mL DCM溶液,搅拌均匀,随后降温至0℃,然后将TfOH(16.76mmol)滴加到上述溶液中,反应4h。升至室温,分液,收集有机相,加入无水硫酸镁干燥,通过旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体5(1.36g,产率:70.9%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体5(2.18mmol)和原料2-24(2.18mmol)溶于30.00mL甲苯溶液中,加入三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.02mmol),三叔丁基膦(0.11mmol)及叔丁醇钠(4.36mmol),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应5h;反应结束后,稍降温度至75℃,使用硅藻土进行过滤,除去盐以及催化剂,滤液冷却至室温后,水洗三遍,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V二氯甲烷:V石油醚=10:4)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得化合物-24(1.51g,产率:91.7%,Mw:756.95)。
对所得化合物-24进行检测分析,结果如下:
HPLC纯度:>99%。
MS(ESI,m/z):[M+H]+:757.98。
元素分析:
计算值为:C,87.27;H,5.33;N,7.40。
测试值为:C,87.01;H,5.62;N,7.66。
实施例3:化合物78的合成
在氮气保护下,将原料c-78(30.00mmol)和原料b-78(30.00mmol)溶于100.00mL甲苯、乙醇和水溶液中,加入碳酸钾(60.00mmol),四三苯基磷钯(1.50mmol),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应6h;反应结束后,滤液冷却至室温后分液,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V:V=2:1)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得中间体3-2(5.60g,产率:62.4%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体3-1(13.93mmol)加入到三口瓶中,加入50.00mL无水四氢呋喃,随后将反应体系降温至-78℃,滴加n-BuLi(16.71mmol),搅拌2h。将中间体3-2(16.71mmol)溶于50.00mL四氢呋喃溶液中,然后滴加至上述反应体系中,滴加完毕后升温至室温,并搅拌10h。然后,加入饱和氯化铵溶液猝灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取反应液3次,合并有机相,并相继用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,之后用无水硫酸镁干燥。然后将干燥得到的固体加入乙醇溶液中,并升温至80℃,搅拌5h,随后趁热将溶液抽滤,得到固体,然后用石油醚淋洗,烘干,制备得到中间体4(5.84g,产率:80.5%)。
将中间体4(9.59mmol)加入三口瓶中,加入50.00mL DCM溶液,搅拌均匀,随后降温至0℃,然后将TfOH(38.36mmol)滴加到上述溶液中,反应4h。升至室温,分液,收集有机相,加入无水硫酸镁干燥,通过旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,最后以二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合物作为洗脱剂(DCM:PE(V:V)=1:16),用管柱色谱法纯化剩余物质,得到中间体5(4.01g,产率:82.9%)。
在氮气保护下,将中间体5(5.96mmol)和原料3-78(5.96mmol)溶于100.00mL甲苯溶液中,加入三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.06mmol),三叔丁基膦(0.30mmol)及叔丁醇钠(11.92mmol),搅拌均匀,升温至90℃,并回流反应5h;反应结束后,稍降温度至75℃,使用硅藻土进行过滤,除去盐以及催化剂,滤液冷却至室温后,水洗三遍,保留有机相,接着用乙酸乙酯萃取水相;合并有机相后,使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并且使用旋转式蒸发器去除溶剂;利用二氯甲烷和石油醚(V二氯甲烷:V石油醚=10:4)的混合溶液,通过柱色谱法纯化剩余物质获得化合物-78(3.86g,产率:91.7%,Mw:705.86)。
对所得化合物-78进行检测分析,结果如下:
HPLC纯度:>99%。
MS(ESI,m/z):[M+H]+:706.88。
元素分析:
计算值为:C,86.78;H,5.00;N,5.95;O,2.27。
测试值为:C,86.49;H,5.21;N,6.11;O,2.50。
实施例4~56
参照实施例1~3的合成方法完成对如下化合物的合成,其分子式和质谱表征数据如下表1所示:
表1实施例4~56产物的结构及表征数据
进一步的,本发明还提供了一种有机电致发光器件,包括第一电极、第二电极以及至少一层设置在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的有机物层,上述有机物层中的至少1层包含本发明公开的通式I所示化合物。
本公开内容的有机发光器件的有机材料层可以形成为单层结构,但也可以形成为其中层和有两个或更多个有机材料层的多层结构。例如,本公开内容的有机发光器件可以具有包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、空穴注入和传输层、电子阻挡层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层、空穴阻挡层、电子注入和传输层等作为有机材料层的结构。然而,有机发光器件的结构不限于此,并且可以包括更少数量的有机材料层或更多数量的有机材料层。
根据本申请说明书的一个实施方式,上述有机物层具有电子传输层,本申请制备的通式1所示化合物作为电子传输层材料。
在上述有机发光元件包含多个有机物层的情况下,上述有机物层可以由相同物质或不同物质形成。
关于上述通式1所表示的化合物,在制造发光器件时,可以利用真空蒸镀法,也可以利用溶液涂布法来形成有机物层。其中,所谓溶液涂布法是指,旋涂法、浸涂法、刮涂法、喷墨印刷法、丝网印刷法、喷雾法、辊涂法等,但并非仅限于此。
作为阳极材料,通常优选具有大功函数的材料使得空穴顺利注入有机材料层。在本公开内容中能够使用的阳极材料的具体实例包括:金属,例如钒、铬、铜、锌和金,或其合金;金属氧化物,例如氧化锌、氧化铟、氧化铟锡(ITO)和氧化铟锌(IZO);金属和氧化物的组合,例如ZnO:Al或SnO2:Sb;导电聚合物,例如聚(3-甲基噻吩)、聚[3,4-(乙烯-1,2-二氧)噻吩](PEDOT)、聚吡咯和聚苯胺,但不限于此。
空穴注入材料是有利地在低电压下接收来自阳极的空穴的材料,并且空穴注入材料的最高占据分子轨道(HOMO)优选地在阳极材料的功函数与周围有机材料层的HOMO之间。空穴注入材料的具体实例包括金属卟啉、低聚噻吩、基于芳基胺的有机材料、基于六腈六氮杂苯并菲的有机材料、基于喹吖啶酮的有机材料、基于苝的有机材料、蒽醌、以及基于聚苯胺和基于聚噻吩的导电聚合物等,但不限于此,并且还可以包含能够进行p掺杂的另外的化合物。
空穴传输材料是能够接收来自阳极或空穴注入层的空穴并将空穴传输至发光层的材料,并且具有高空穴迁移率的材料是合适的。其具体实例包括基于芳基胺的有机材料、导电聚合物、同时具有共轭部分和非共轭部分的嵌段共聚物等,但不限于此。
发光层可以发射红色、绿色或蓝色的光,并且可以由磷光材料或荧光材料形成。发光材料是能够通过接收分别来自空穴传输层和电子传输层的空穴和电子并使空穴与电子结合而发出在可见光区域内的光的材料,并且优选为对荧光或磷光具有有利的量子效率的材料。其具体实例包括:8-羟基喹啉铝配(Alq3);基于咔唑的化合物;二聚苯乙烯基化合物;BAlq;10-羟基苯并喹啉-金属化合物;基于苯并咔唑、基于苯并噻唑和基于苯并咪唑的化合物;基于聚(对亚苯基亚乙烯基)(PPV)的聚合物;螺环化合物;聚芴;红荧烯等,但不限于此。
发光层的主体材料包括稠合芳族环衍生物、含杂环的化合物等。具体地,稠合芳族环衍生物包括蒽衍生物、芘衍生物、萘衍生物、并五苯衍生物、菲化合物、荧蒽化合物等,含杂环的化合物包括咔唑衍生物、二苯并呋喃衍生物、梯子型呋喃化合物、嘧啶衍生物等,然而,材料不限于此。
电子传输层可以起到促进电子传输的作用。电子传输材料是有利地接收来自阴极的电子并将电子传输至发光层的材料,具有高电子迁移率的材料是合适的。其具体实例包括:8-羟基喹啉的Al配合物;包含Alq3的配合物;有机自由基化合物;羟基黄酮-金属配合物;等等,但不限于此。电子传输层的厚度可以为1nm至50nm。厚度为1nm或更大的电子传输层具有防止电子传输特性下降的优点,并且厚度为50nm或更小具有防止由电子传输层太厚引起的用于增强电子迁移的驱动电压增加的优点。
电子注入层可以起到促进电子注入的作用。电子注入材料优选为这样的化合物:其具有传输电子的能力,具有来自阴极的注入电子效应,对发光层或发光材料具有优异的电子注入效应,防止发光层中产生的激子迁移至空穴注入层,并且除此之外,具有优异的薄膜形成能力。其具体实例包括芴酮、蒽醌二甲烷、联苯醌、噻喃二氧化物、唑、二唑、三唑、咪唑、苝四羧酸、亚芴基甲烷、蒽酮等及其衍生物,金属配合物,含氮5元环衍生物等,但不限于此。
作为阴极材料,通常优选具有小功函数的材料使得电子顺利注入有机材料层。阴极材料的具体实例包括:金属,例如镁、钙、钠、钾、钛、铟、钇、锂、钆、铝、银、锡和铅,或其合金;多层结构材料,例如LiF/Al或LiO2/Al;等等,但不限于此。
本发明提供的有机电致发光器件可应用在有机发光器件(OLED)、有机太阳电池(OSC)、电子纸(e-paper)、有机感光体(OPC)或有机薄膜晶体管(OTFT)上。
以下结合具体实施例对本申请提供的一种有机电致发光器件进行具体说明。
器件实施例1有机电致发光器件
所述OLED器件的结构为:ITO阳极/HIL/HTL/EBL/EML/HBL/ETL/EIL/阴极/光取出层。
a、ITO阳极:将涂层厚度为的ITO(氧化铟锡)-Ag-ITO(氧化铟锡)玻璃基板在蒸馏水中清洗2次,超声波洗涤30min,再用蒸馏水反复清洗2次,超声波洗涤10min,洗涤结束后,用甲醇、丙酮、异丙醇依次超声波洗涤(每次洗涤5min),干燥,然后转移至等离子体清洗机内洗涤5min,再送至蒸镀机中,以该基板为阳极,在其上依次蒸镀其它功能层。
e、EML(发光层):然后在上述发光辅助层上,以的蒸镀速率,真空蒸镀厚度为20nm的主体材料(Host-1)和掺杂材料(Dopant-1)作为发光层,其Host-1和Dopant-1的化学式如下所示。其中Host-1和Dopant-1的蒸镀速率比为98:2。
k、随后将蒸镀完成的基板进行封装。首先采用涂胶设备将清洗后盖板用UV胶进行涂覆工艺,然后将涂覆完成的盖板移至压合工段,将蒸镀完成的基板置于盖板上端,最后将基板和盖板在贴合设备作用下进行贴合,同时完成对UV胶光照固化。
所述有机电致发光器件制备过程中使用的化合物结构如下所示:
器件实施例2~56
按照上述有机电致发光器件的制备方法制备器件实施例2-56的有机电致发光器件,区别在于将器件实施例1中的化合物1分别替换为化合物2、4、11、13、15、21、24、26、27、28、29、30、31、33、42、43、46、47、50、54、55、78、79、80、84、87、90、104、106、107、114、115、123、135、136、145、147、163、166、175、198、200、210、211、221、222、231、233、249、256、258、259、261、267、275作为电子传输层,制成器件实施例2~56。
为了进一步证明本发明的有益效果以更好地理解本发明,下面通过以下对比实施例进一步阐明本发明所述电子传输类有机电致发光化合物及包含其的器件具有的性质及应用性能,但不可理解为对本发明的限定,对于本领域的技术人员根据上述发明内容所作的其他测定实验得到的产品性质及根据上述性质进行的应用,也视为落在本发明的保护范围内。
对比例1~5
按照上述有机电致发光器件的制备方法制备有机电致发光器件,区别在于采用现有的对比化合物a、b、c、d、e替代上述器件实施例1中的电子传输层(化合物1)进行蒸镀,制备器件对比例1-5。其中,对比化合物a、b、c、d、e的化学结构式为:
在1000(nits)亮度下采用IVL测试设备对器件实施例1~56以及器件对比例1~5制备的有机电致发光器件的驱动电压、发光效率进行检测,采用寿命检测设备(型号:D3000-96)对器件的寿命进行检测,测试结果如下表2。
表2有机电致发光器件的发光特性测试结果(亮度值为1000nits)
注:在蓝光顶发射器件中,电流效率受色度影响较大,因此将色度对效率的影响因素考虑进去,将电流效率与CIEy比值定义为BI值,即BI=(cd/A)/CIEy。
由表2可知,通过变换取代基以及取代基的位置不同,都会使器件的性能有所改变;同时,相比于现有技术,螺环结构采用了氧杂蒽型螺环,因为螺环上SP3杂化的C以及不参与共轭的醚键的存在,在保证分子量增加的同时,有效的缩短了整体分子的共轭区间,提高了三线态能级。保证电子传输能力的同时,增加了对发光激子外扩的限制作用。使用本发明提供的发光辅助材料制备的有机电致发光器件与对比例化合物提供的有机电致发光器件相比较而言,BI值、寿命均得到提高。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种电子传输类有机电致发光化合物,其特征在于,具有如下结构通式:
其中,
m表示0-1的整数,n表示0-1的整数;但m和n不同时为0;
X独立地表示-C(R1)(R2)-、-O-或-N(R3)-;
Y独立地表示-C(R1)1(R2)-、-O-或-S-;
L1、L2各自独立的表示为单键、经取代或未经取代的C6-C30亚芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元-20元亚杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;
R1、R2彼此相同或不同,并且各自独立地为氢、氘、卤素、氰基、取代或未经取代的C1-C6烷基,且R1、R2都不与相邻取代基成环;
R3表示取代或未经取代的C3-C30环烷基、取代或未经取代的3元-20元杂环烷基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代C6-C30芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元-30元杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的3元-30元杂芳基胺基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的C6~C60芳基胺基;
Ar1-Ar4彼此相同或不同,并且各自独立地表示取代或未经取代的C3-C30环烷基、取代或未经取代的3元-20元杂环烷基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的3元-30元杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的3元-15元杂芳基胺基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫;经取代或未经取代的C6~C60芳基胺基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C60芳氧基、经取代或未经取代的C10~C30稠环基、取代或未取代的C5-C30螺环基中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物,其特征在于,L1、L2各自独立的表示为:
取代或未取代的苯基、萘基、甲苯基、菲基、蒽基、联苯基、三亚苯基、芘基、螺双芴基、苝基、茚基、薁基、苯并菲基、吡咯基、呋喃基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻吩基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噻二唑基、噁二唑基、咪唑基、吡唑基、三氮唑、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、吖啶基、嘌呤基、蝶啶基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并噁二唑基、苯并恶唑基、噌啉、喹喔啉基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、菲啰啉基、吲嗪基、萘啶基或酞嗪基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物,其特征在于,L1、L2各自独立的表示为单键、苯基、萘基、联苯基、苯基萘基或甲苯基。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物,其特征在于,R4表示经取代或未经取代的C6-C20芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元-10元杂芳基,其杂原子选自氧、氮或硫。
8.一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,包括第一电极、第二电极以及至少一层设置在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的有机物层,所述有机层包含一种或多种如权利要求1~7任一所述的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,包括阳极、阴极、光取出层和置于所述阳极和阴极之间的一个或多个有机物层;且,
所述有机物层至少包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、发光层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层及电子注入层中的一种;且,
所述电子传输层包含一种或多种如权利要求1~7任一所述的电子传输类有机电致发光化合物。
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