CN115339128A - Foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115339128A CN115339128A CN202210904765.2A CN202210904765A CN115339128A CN 115339128 A CN115339128 A CN 115339128A CN 202210904765 A CN202210904765 A CN 202210904765A CN 115339128 A CN115339128 A CN 115339128A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite materials, wherein the composite material comprises a three-layer panel, two layers of lattice core layers and polyurethane foam, wherein the core layers present different lattice periodic structure forms in the warp direction and the weft direction, so that the double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material comprises two core layer combination modes of the warp direction-the warp direction and the warp direction-the weft direction; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a single-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material by vacuum diversion and epoxy resin infusion; co-curing and molding the double-interlayer prefabricated body through a hot pressing process; and filling polyurethane foam into the cured space of the lattice core layer of the double-interlayer preform. The composite material effectively overcomes the defects of poor shock resistance and easy delamination of the traditional sandwich composite material, and simultaneously solves the problems of poor stability, lower shear rigidity of a core layer and the like of the single-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The light composite material is widely applied to the high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as aerospace, marine ships, rail traffic and the like. Sandwich construction is one of the typical lightweight composite configurations. The sandwich composite material is composed of a high-strength thin panel and a low-density thick core layer, and has excellent bending resistance mechanical properties while light weight is guaranteed. Conventional sandwich composites typically employ glue or resin to bond the face sheets and core layers. The interlayer composite material prepared by the method has low interlayer shear strength, so that the panel and the core layer are easy to peel.
The surface layer and the core layer of the textile sandwich composite material can be integrally formed, so that the textile sandwich composite material has excellent delamination resistance. The core layer of the textile interlayer composite material is discrete, and the pile of the core layer presents different array forms in the warp direction and the weft direction; gaps exist among the woven sandwich composite material core layer piles, and the woven sandwich composite material core layer piles cannot be mutually supported, so that the shear stiffness of the core layer is low. Under the effect of load, buckling easily occurs to the core layer pile, and then leads to overall structure to lose stability to along with high increase, the standing performance of core layer pile is worse. Therefore, a reasonable design method is needed to enhance the mechanical property of the core layer of the textile sandwich composite material, so that the mechanical property advantage of the textile sandwich composite material is fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem that the mechanical property of a core layer of the existing textile interlayer composite material is weaker, and give full play to the mechanical property advantage of the textile interlayer composite material so as to meet the requirement of high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as aerospace, marine ships and ships, rail traffic and the like on light-weight composite materials.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material comprises three layers of panels, two layers of lattice sandwich layers and polyurethane foam. Lattice core layers are respectively distributed between every two three layers of panels, and the lattice core layers and the panels are integrally formed; the two lattice core layers comprise a warp-warp core layer and a warp-weft core layer in a combined mode; the lattice core layer consists of discrete core piles; the core pile presents different lattice periodic structure forms in the warp direction and the weft direction, and polyurethane foam is filled in the gap between the panels.
In the structure, the reinforced three-dimensional fabric surface layer and the core layer of the textile lattice sandwich composite material are integrally woven and formed; the lattice core layer consists of discrete core piles which are uniformly distributed; the core piles are in different lattice periodic structure forms in the warp direction and the weft direction, and the distance between the core piles in the warp direction is larger than that between the core piles in the weft direction; the core piles are 8-shaped in the warp direction, and are approximately 1-shaped in the weft direction; the three-layer panel consists of glass fiber cloth and the three-dimensional fabric surface layer; the glass fiber cloth is used for thickening the surface layer of the textile lattice interlayer composite material and enhancing the bending strength of the structure; preferably, the three panels are respectively called an upper panel, a middle panel and a lower panel, wherein when the middle panel is thickened, only a small amount of glass fiber cloth is needed, namely 1 layer or 2 layers; when the upper panel and the lower panel are thickened, the using amount of the glass fiber cloth can be properly increased, but the problem of matching with the mechanical property of the core layer needs to be considered.
A preparation method of a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing resin glue solution, and cutting the three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth with the corresponding size according to the design requirement;
(2) Pouring the resin glue solution into the cut three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth by adopting vacuum diversion, and curing to obtain a single-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material;
(3) Cutting two-dimensional glass fiber cloth with corresponding size according to design requirements, and filling the resin glue solution into the glass fiber cloth by adopting vacuum diversion;
(4) Combining the resin-impregnated glass fiber cloth obtained in the step (3) and the single-layer weaving lattice interlayer composite material obtained in the step (2) to form a double-interlayer prefabricated body;
(5) Co-curing and forming the double-interlayer prefabricated body obtained in the step (4), and curing to obtain a double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material;
(6) Preparing a prepolymer required by polyurethane foam, quickly stirring uniformly, and filling gaps of the core layer of the double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material obtained in the step (5);
(7) And (4) after the polyurethane foam in the step (6) is foamed, cleaning redundant foam to obtain the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material.
In the above steps, the resin glue solution in step (1) is epoxy resin, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin glue solution to the curing agent is 3:1; the three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth is woven by E-grade glass fiber yarns;
in the step (3), the glass fiber cloth is 200g/m 2 E-level two-dimensional glass fiber plain cloth; two layers of the glass fiber cloth are laid at the interface of the middle surface layers of the two single-layer weaving lattice sandwich composite materials; three layers of the glass fiber cloth are laid on the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the two single-layer textile lattice interlayer composite materials;
co-curing and molding the double-interlayer prefabricated body by adopting a hot pressing process in the step (5);
in the step (6), the foam is polyurethane rigid foam.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material comprises three layers of panels, two layers of lattice core layers and polyurethane foam; the core layer and the surface layer of the textile lattice interlayer composite material are integrally formed, and the defects of easy layering, poor impact resistance and the like of the traditional interlayer composite material are overcome. The double-layer design configuration and the foam filling technology solve the problem that the core layer of the existing textile interlayer composite material is weak in mechanical property, so that the textile interlayer composite material can give full play to the mechanical property advantages thereof, and the requirements of high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as aerospace, marine ships and rail transit on light-weight composite materials are met; the invention adopts vacuum diversion and hot pressing technology to carry out co-curing molding on the prefabricated body, can ensure the interface shear strength and enhance the mechanical property of the prefabricated body, has simple flow of the preparation method, convenient operation, low cost of the three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth and the foam, mature production technology and can be popularized in a large scale.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a warp-wise and warp-wise combination of a foam-filled double-layer woven lattice sandwich composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a foam-filled double-layer woven lattice sandwich composite material in a warp-warp combination manner according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a foam-filled double-layer woven lattice sandwich composite material in a warp-weft combined manner in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a weft-weft combination mode of the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material in the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein 1 is an upper panel, 2 is a middle panel, 3 is a lower panel, 4 is a discrete core pile, and 5 is filled polyurethane foam.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material comprises three layers of panels, two layers of lattice core layers and polyurethane foam; the panel is 200g/m 2 The mixed structure of E-level glass fiber plain cloth and a single-layer weaving lattice interlayer composite material surface layer. Said three panels are respectively called upper panel, middle panel and lower panel, in which 2 layers of 200g/m are laid 2 Thickening the middle panel by E-grade glass fiber plain cloth, and laying 3 layers of 200g/m 2 And the E-grade glass fiber plain cloth thickens the upper panel and the lower panel. Co-curing and molding the double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material by adopting a hot pressing process, wherein the applied pressure is 0.013MPa, and the applied temperature is 50 ℃. And filling polyurethane foam into the double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material through a prepolymer foaming process, and cleaning redundant foam to obtain the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material.
The specific steps of this example are as follows:
(1) Preparing an epoxy resin glue solution according to the mass ratio of resin to curing agent of 3;
(2) Cutting three-dimensional textile E-level glass fiber cloth with the plane size of 300 multiplied by 300mm and the thickness of 8 mm;
(3) Pouring the epoxy resin glue solution obtained in the step (1) into the three-dimensional textile E-level glass fiber cloth obtained in the step (2) by adopting vacuum diversion, wherein the three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth is integrally woven and formed by yarns (a surface layer and a core layer pile of the three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth are integrated and directly woven by a loom), adding resin for curing, and curing and trimming to obtain a single-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material;
(4) Cutting plane size of 300 × 300mm 200g/m 2 Filling the epoxy resin glue solution in the step (1) into the two-dimensional E-level glass fiber plain cloth by adopting vacuum diversion;
(5) Combining the E-grade glass fiber plain cloth obtained in the step (4) and the two single-layer textile lattice interlayer composite materials obtained in the step (3) to form a double-interlayer prefabricated body, wherein 2 layers of the E-grade glass fiber plain cloth are paved on the middle surface layer, and 3 layers of the E-grade glass fiber plain cloth are respectively paved on the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer;
(6) Transferring the double-interlayer prefabricated body in the step (5) to a hot press for co-curing molding, wherein the temperature of the hot press is set to be 50 ℃, the pressure is about 0.013MPa, and the solidified double-interlayer blank body is obtained after hot pressing is carried out for 2 hours;
(7) Trimming the solidified double-interlayer blank obtained in the step (6) to obtain a double-layer weaving lattice interlayer composite material;
(8) According to the mass ratio of 1:1, preparing a black material and a white material of a prepolymer required by polyurethane foaming, quickly stirring uniformly, and then pouring into gaps of a core layer of the double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material in the step (7);
(9) After the polyurethane foam in the step (8) is foamed, cleaning redundant foam to obtain a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material;
(10) Cutting the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material in the step (9) into test pieces with the plane sizes of 60mm multiplied by 60mm and 95 mm multiplied by 40 mm;
(11) And (3) respectively carrying out flat pressing and side pressure testing on the test pieces of 60 × 60mm and 95 × 40mm in the step (10) according to the standards of ASTM C-365 and ASTM C-364, wherein the test pieces for the side pressure testing have three combinations of warp-warp, warp-weft and weft-weft along the length direction.
TABLE 1 Flat-pressing mechanical property test result of foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material
Test piece | Flat crush failure load |
Double-layer weaving lattice sandwich composite material | 4.022kN |
Foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material | 18.123kN |
Table 2 foam filling double layer weaving lattice sandwich composite material side pressure mechanical property test results
Test piece | Side pressure failure load |
Warp-warp combination of double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material | 4.288kN |
Warp-weft combination of double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material | 5.051kN |
Weft-weft combination of double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material | 7.726kN |
Foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material warp-warp combination | 17.572kN |
Warp-weft combination of foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material | 19.280kN |
Weft-weft combination of foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material | 20.508kN |
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, compared with the common double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material, the mechanical properties of the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material are significantly improved, wherein the flat pressure failure load is improved by 350.6%, and the lateral pressure failure loads of the warp-warp, warp-weft and weft-weft combined structure are respectively improved by 309.8%, 281.7% and 165.4%.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in this embodiment without departing from the principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material is characterized by comprising three layers of panels, two layers of lattice sandwich layers and polyurethane foam; lattice core layers are respectively distributed between every two three layers of panels; the two lattice core layers comprise a warp-warp core layer and a warp-weft core layer; polyurethane foam is filled in the gaps between the panels; the lattice core layer consists of discrete core piles; the core pile presents different dot matrix periodic structure forms in warp direction and latitudinal direction, interval between the warp direction core pile is greater than the interval between the latitudinal direction core pile, is "8" font at warp direction core pile, is "1" style of calligraphy at latitudinal direction core pile.
2. The foam-filled dual layer textile lattice sandwich composite material of claim 1 wherein the face and core layers are integrally woven.
3. The foam-filled double layer textile lattice sandwich composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the face sheet consists of fiberglass cloth and the three-dimensional fabric face layer.
4. The foam-filled double layer textile lattice sandwich composite material according to claim 3, wherein the three layers of panels are an upper panel, a middle panel and a lower panel, respectively.
5. The foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material according to claim 4, wherein 1 or 2 layers of glass fiber cloth are used when the middle panel is thickened; when the upper panel and the lower panel are thickened, 3 layers of glass fiber cloth are adopted.
6. A preparation method of a foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing resin glue solution, and cutting the three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth with the corresponding size according to the design requirement;
(2) Pouring the resin glue solution into the cut three-dimensional textile glass fiber cloth by adopting vacuum diversion, and curing to obtain a single-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material;
(3) Cutting two-dimensional glass fiber cloth with corresponding size according to design requirements, and infusing the resin glue solution into the two-dimensional glass fiber cloth by adopting vacuum diversion;
(4) Combining the resin-impregnated two-dimensional glass fiber cloth obtained in the step (3) with the single-layer weaving lattice interlayer composite material obtained in the step (2) to form a double-interlayer prefabricated body;
(5) Co-curing and forming the double-interlayer prefabricated body obtained in the step (4), and curing to obtain a double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material;
(6) Preparing a prepolymer required by polyurethane foam, quickly stirring uniformly, and filling gaps of the core layer of the double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material obtained in the step (5);
(7) And (4) after the polyurethane foam in the step (6) is foamed, cleaning redundant foam to obtain the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice interlayer composite material.
7. The preparation method of the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material according to claim 6, wherein the resin glue solution in the step (1) is epoxy resin, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin glue solution to the curing agent is 3:1.
8. the method for preparing a foam-filled double-layer woven lattice sandwich composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), two layers of the glass fiber cloth are laid at the interface of the middle surface layers of the two single-layer woven lattice sandwich composite materials; and three layers of glass fiber cloth are laid on the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the two single-layer textile lattice sandwich composite materials.
9. The method for preparing the foam-filled double-layer textile lattice sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step (5) is carried out by co-curing and molding the double-sandwich preform by a hot pressing process.
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